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22-585: Quarry Hill was originally an inner-city area of Leeds . Three churches have historically been located on Quarry Hill. The Old Boggart House was the first purpose-built Methodist chapel in Leeds. It was demolished following the opening of the adjacent St Peter's Chapel in 1834. The site is marked by a blue plaque on the steps leading to the Leeds Playhouse . Quarry Hill Ebenezer Primitive Methodist chapel, originally called "Chapel Street Chapel",

44-405: A bespoke / customized house or mansion for their family. Poor urban people lived in shantytowns or in tenements built for rental. Single-family houses were seldom built on speculation , that is for future sale to residents not yet identified. When cities and the middle class expanded greatly and mortgage loans became commonplace, a method that had been rare became commonplace to serve

66-417: A day. Many techniques which had made the automobile affordable made housing affordable: standardization of design and small, repetitive assembly tasks, advertising, and a smooth flow of capital. Mass production resulted in a similar uniformity of product, and a more comfortable lifestyle than cramped apartments in the cities. With the advent of government-backed mortgages, it could actually be cheaper to own

88-449: A formal designation by applying the term inner city to such residential areas , rather than to more geographically central commercial districts , often referred to by terms like downtown or city centre . The term inner city first achieved consistent usage through the writings of white liberal Protestants in the U.S. after World War II , contrasting with the growing affluent suburbs . According to urban historian Bench Ansfield,

110-499: A house in a new residential development than to rent. As with other products, continual refinements appeared. Curving streets, greenbelt parks, neighborhood pools, and community entry monumentation appeared. Diverse floor plans with differing room counts, and multiple elevations (different exterior "looks" for the same plan) appeared. Developers remained competitive with each other on everything, including location, community amenities, kitchen appliance packages, and price. Today,

132-547: A smaller FAR ( floor area ratio ) than business, commercial or industrial/manufacturing zoning. The area may be large or small. In certain residential areas, especially rural , large tracts of land may have no services whatever, such that residents seeking services must use a motor vehicle or other transportation, so the need for transportation has resulted in land development following existing or planned transport infrastructure such as rail and road. Development patterns may be regulated by restrictive covenants contained in

154-673: A social/leisure complex, which opened in 1993); the BBC Yorkshire building; the Leeds Conservatoire (formerly Leeds College of Music); and the Northern Ballet building which opened in 2010. Centenary Square and the Playhouse Square are located at Quarry Hill. The regeneration has seen Quarry Hill become disassociated with East Leeds, and become part of central Leeds. Quarry House was constructed on

176-567: A swimming pool. Due to social problems and poor maintenance, the Quarry Hill Flats were demolished in 1978. Since the 1980s, Quarry Hill has been a focus for regeneration within Leeds, and today is home to the West Yorkshire Playhouse, now known as Leeds Playhouse , which opened in 1990; Yorkshire Dance, established in 1982; Quarry House (a Department of Health and Department for Work and Pensions building with

198-749: A typical residential development in the United States might include traffic calming features such as a slowly winding street , dead-end road , or looped road lined with homes. Suburban developments help form the stereotypical image of a "suburban America" and are generally associated with the American middle-class . Most offer homes in a narrow range of age, price, size and features, thus potential residents having different needs, wishes or resources must look elsewhere. Some residential developments are gated communities or residential communities . Criticisms of residential developments may include

220-453: Is real estate development for residential purposes. Some such developments are called a subdivision , when the land is divided into lots with houses constructed on each lot. Such developments became common during the late nineteenth century, particularly in the form of streetcar suburbs . In previous centuries, residential development was mainly of two kinds. Rich people bought a townlot, hired an architect and/or contractor, and built

242-490: Is a land used in which housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas . Housing may vary significantly between, and through, residential areas. These include single-family housing , multi-family residential , or mobile homes . Zoning for residential use may permit some services or work opportunities or may totally exclude business and industry. It may permit high density land use or only permit low density uses. Residential zoning usually includes

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264-402: Is assigned to Quarry Hill, one of the city's most notorious slums" Inner-city The term inner city (also called the hood ) has been used, especially in the United States, as a euphemism for majority-minority lower-income residential districts that often refer to rundown neighborhoods, in a downtown or city centre area. Sociologists sometimes turn the euphemism into

286-452: The clearing out of blighted areas in inner cities to create opportunities for higher class housing, businesses, and more. In Canada, in the 1970s, the government introduced Neighbourhood Improvement Programs to deal with urban decay, especially in inner cities. Also, some inner-city areas in various places have undergone the socioeconomic process of gentrification , especially since the 1990s. Residential area A residential area

308-430: The deeds to the properties in the development and may also result from or be reinforced by zoning . Restrictive covenants are not easily changed when the agreement of all property owners (many of whom may not live in the area) is required. The area so restricted may be large or small. Residential areas may be subcategorized in the concentric zone model and other schemes of urban geography . Residential development

330-450: The blight and structural obsolescence thought to be responsible for urban decay, and instead brought into focus the cultural pathologies they mapped onto black neighborhoods. The term inner city arose in this racial liberal context, providing a rhetorical and ideological tool for articulating the role of the church in the nationwide project of urban renewal. Thus, even as it arose in contexts aiming to entice mainline Protestantism back into

352-610: The burial ground, a green area sloping down to Mabgate . A past resident of the Quarry Hill area was Mary Fitzpatrick , a robber and suspected murderer. Between 1938 and 1978 Quarry Hill was the location of what was at the time the largest social housing complex in the United Kingdom. The building was designed in 1934 by R. A. H. Livett (1898–1959), the Director of Housing and later City Architect for Leeds. Its design

374-462: The cities it had fled, the term accrued its meaning by generating symbolic and geographic distance between white liberal churches and the black communities they sought to help. Urban renewal (also called urban regeneration in the United Kingdom and urban redevelopment in the United States ) is a program of land redevelopment often used to address urban decay in cities. Urban renewal is

396-775: The expanding demand for home ownership. Post–World War II economic expansion in major cities of the United States, especially New York City and Los Angeles produced a demand for thousands of new homes, which was largely met by speculative building. Its large-scale practitioners disliked the term "property speculator" and coined the new name "residential development" for their activity. Entire farms and ranches were subdivided and developed, often with one individual or company controlling all aspects of entitlement (permits), land development (streets and grading), infrastructure (utilities and sewage disposal), and housing. Communities like Levittown, Long Island or Lakewood south of Los Angeles saw new homes sold at unprecedented rates—more than one

418-645: The site of the former Quarry Hill Flats. Leeds City College built a creative arts and health, care and public services campus, designed by Ellis Williams Architects, on the north-west of the site; this opened in September 2019. Part of the college building is used by Leeds Conservatoire. The sculpture Ribbons , by Pippa Hale , sits on the site. Quarry Hill is the area where the nurses work in The Steeple Street Trilogy by Donna Douglas. "Agnes finds herself facing unexpected challenges as she

440-416: The term signified both a bounded geographic construct and a set of cultural pathologies inscribed onto urban black communities. Inner city thus originated as a term of containment. Its genesis was the product of an era when a largely white suburban mainline Protestantism was negotiating its relationship to American cities. Liberal Protestants’ missionary brand of urban renewal refocused attention away from

462-434: Was opened in 1822, new frontage was added in 1846 and the chapel was enlarged in 1874. It closed in 1933. St Mary's Church, a Commissioners' Church , architect Thomas Taylor, was located on St Mary's Street. Located on the top of the hill, looking over New York Road towards the city centre, and known both as "St. Mary's Mabgate" and "St. Mary's Quarry Hill", the site is now a Diocesan Office. The Sunday school remains, as does

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484-627: Was strongly influenced by modernist developments in Europe, specifically the Karl-Marx-Hof in Vienna , Austria , and La Cité de la Muette in Paris , France . The development was noted for its sheer size and modernist design. It had then radical and modern features such as solid fuel ranges, electric lighting, a state-of-the-art refuse disposal system ( Garchey ) and communal facilities including

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