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50-402: RMG could apply to any A common abbreviation for ready-made garment Bangladeshi RMG Sector , ready-made garments Royal Mail Group , London Stock Exchange symbol RMG Connect , former division of JWT, US Revolutionary Marxist Group (Canada) , 1970s political organization RMG (program) , electronic structure simulation Team RMG ,

100-461: A German auto racing team Rhenish Missionary Society (RMG), a former Protestant missionary society Technology and military [ edit ] RMG , a multipurpose variant of Russian RPG-27 rocket launcher Entertainment [ edit ] RMG (band) Rover's Morning Glory , radio talk-show by WMMS, Cleveland, Ohio, US Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

150-751: A decade, it was Louis' job to move from one place to another in France to open new stores, which would then be run by one cousin or another. By 1908, Louis was back in Bordeaux managing the flagship Grand Magasin (Department Store). He assumed ultimate responsibility for 15 of the Maisons Dewachter . The reluctant merchant found a creative outlet as an active and innovative marketer. He ran ads in newspapers; distributed illustrated catalogues; placed advertising on billboards and on trolleys; and published several series of promotional postal cards. Some of

200-575: A famous gown or other pattern that is then duplicated and advertised to raise the visibility of the designer. In high-end fashion, ready-to-wear collections are usually presented by fashion houses each season during a period known as Fashion Week . This takes place on a city-by-city basis, and the most prominent of these include London , New York , Milan , and Paris , and are held twice a year—the Fall/Winter (FW) shows take place in February, and

250-562: A frivolous undertaking. In about 1916, Dewachter signed his first work with the pseudonym "Louis Dewis" (pronounced Lew-WEE Dew-WEES). His nom d'artiste "Dewis" is composed of the first three letters of his last name – followed by the first two letters of his first name – Isidore. As a wealthy merchant, his interest in art was not financially motivated. His daughter Yvonne wrote that, while living in Bordeaux, he turned down at least one offer of sponsorship – an offer conditioned on him giving up "the tailoring business." And, Yvonne recalled that

300-540: A graduate student from America. He was a widowed army officer (a combat veteran of the Great War ) and a medical doctor who, after being discharged in the United States, had returned to France to continue his studies. The couple would travel around Western Europe as Dr. Robinson oversaw immigrant screening for the U.S. Public Health Service. In 1906, Robinson had gained fame in the United States for having thrown

350-658: A rather different place in the spheres of fashion and classic clothing. In the fashion industry , designers produce ready-to-wear clothing, intended to be worn without significant alteration because clothing made to standard sizes fits most people. They use standard patterns, factory equipment, and faster construction techniques to keep costs low, compared to a custom-sewn version of the same item. Some fashion houses and fashion designers make mass-produced and industrially manufactured ready-to-wear lines, while others offer garments that are not unique but are produced in limited numbers. Before pre-war times men’s ready-to-wear clothing

400-488: A variety of factors including economic disparities, a desire for an independent fashion industry, and an increase in media attention. The demand for affordable and fashionable women's clothing sparked designers and department stores to manufacture clothing in bulk quantities that were accessible to women of all classes and incomes. Through the emergence of the US ready-to-wear market, designers like Chanel with their shift dresses or

450-492: The 21st century. Fashion houses that produce a women's haute couture line, such as Chanel , Dior , Lacroix and Saint Laurent also produce a ready-to-wear line, which returns a greater profit because of the higher volume of garments made and the greater availability of the clothing. The construction of ready-to-wear clothing is also held to a different standard than that of haute couture due to its industrial nature. High-end ready-to-wear lines are sometimes based upon

500-604: The Spring/Summer (SS) collections are shown in September. Smaller lines include the Cruise and Pre-Fall collections, which add to the retail value of a brand , and are presented separately at the fashion designer 's discretion. Ready-to-wear fashion weeks occur separately and earlier than those of haute couture . Unlike ready-to-wear products, collections are kept exclusive to designers chosen guests and idols creating

550-500: The States during the last 20 years of Dewis's life, Andrée was the artist's only child to witness the most important years of his career. She was so emotionally involved in his painting that one day Dewis wondered aloud whether his daughter would have loved him as much, "if I'd been a grocer." Years later, Andrée tearfully recalled assuring her father that she would. Young Louis had displayed an interest (and astonishing talent) in art at

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600-647: The US development of a style independent from Europe. The US fashion market turned away from the Parisian style in favor of an individualized apparel industry promoted through advertisements and articles in magazines like Women's Wear Daily , Harper’s Bazaar , and Ladies Home Journal . Ready-to-wear also sparked new interests in health, beauty, and diet as manufactured clothing set specific, standardized sizes in attire to increase quantities for profit. Women of larger sizes had difficulties finding apparel in department stores, as most manufacturers maintained and sold

650-725: The United States were ready-made. During the same time, two-thirds of garments sold in France were ready-made. In the early 19th century, women's fashion was highly ornate and dependent on a precise fit, so ready-to-wear garments for women did not become widely available until the beginning of the 20th century. Before, women would alter their previously styled clothing to stay up to date with fashion trends. Women with larger incomes purchased new, fully tailored clothing in current styles while middle-class and lower-class women adjusted their clothing to fit changes in fashion by adding new neck collars, shortening skirts, or cinching shirt waists. The widespread adoption of ready-to-wear clothing reflected

700-409: The age of 8 – but Isidore was enraged at the thought that his offspring might waste his time with something as useless as painting. In a vain attempt to break his young son of his "bad habit," he would, on occasion, throw away or burn the boy’s canvases, paints and brushes. The youngster's love of art could not be deterred. It could, however, be overwhelmed by business and family responsibilities. As

750-531: The art critic at Paris' Revue moderne des arts et de la vie (Modern Review of the Arts and Life) attests: Despite such praise, Dewis's work was never heavily promoted. He had realized that Petit's legendary prowess as a marchand d'art (art dealer) was the perfect complement to his own talents. But, now involuntarily and totally independent, Dewis simply did not have the drive – nor the desire – to achieve commercial success. And, at this juncture of his life, Dewis

800-438: The art world. He was the namesake of his grandfather Jérôme (1819–1885), the well-known Paris color merchant and art collector (especially of Corots ) who loved to show his paintings to visitors at his shop on the rue Pigalle. Ottoz's grandfather was also the subject of the famous portrait painted in 1876 by Edgar Degas . A serious student of art, Andrée was passionate in her admiration of her father's work. As Yvonne lived in

850-423: The capital "W" in the family name and because the chain became so famous, published references to the family would also be spelled "Dewachter". By the time of Dewis's death, the family had adopted the spelling "Dewachter" as well. Maisons Dewachter introduced the idea of ready-made – or ready-to-fit – clothing for men and children, and specialty clothing such as riding apparel and beachwear. Isidore owned 51% of

900-427: The cards featured famous art, others humorous cartoons and another series bore images of Maison Dewachter signage that had been temporarily erected at well known locations. In addition to the management of an international chain of department stores, Louis was forced to assume an additional burden when a brother lost a small fortune gambling. With his father too infirm to deal with the situation, it once again fell to

950-567: The chain's flagship store. Louis, who had begun his studies at the Athénée Royal Liège , continued lycée (high school) at Bordeaux. For the rest of his life, he would remain an étranger – a Belgian citizen living in France. Louis DeWachter married Bordeaux socialite Elisabeth Marie Florigni (12 August 1873 - 25 August 1952) on 16 July 1896. Elisabeth was the daughter of Joseph-Jules Florigni (1842 - 14 April 1919) and Rose Lesfargues Florigni (1843 - 11 September 1917). There

1000-530: The company, while his brothers split the remaining 49%. They started with four locations: the Walloon city of Leuze (where Louis was born), La Louvière and two at Mons . Under Isidore's (and later Louis') leadership, Maisons Dewachter would become one of the most recognized names in Belgium and France. Soon after the company was formed, Isidore and his family moved to Liège to open another branch. It

1050-550: The contemporary fashion made proportionate sizing possible in mass production. The first ready-made garment factory was established in New York City in 1831. During the American Civil War the need for ready-made uniforms helped the garment sector grow in the United States. In 1868, Isidore, Benjamin and Modeste Dewachter offered ready-to-wear clothing for men and children to Belgian clientele when they opened

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1100-598: The division between two production styles. It takes the work of one person to a team of skilled artists rather than machine made garments. Louis Dewis Grande Médaille de la Reconnaissance française (France) Officier d'Académie Silver Palms 1912 (France) Officier de l'Instruction Publique Golden Palms 1922 (France) Lauréat du Salon des Artistes Français (France) Médaille de la Société d'Instruction et d'Education Populaire (France) Order of Leopold II Knight (Belgium) King Albert Medal (Belgium) Louis Dewis (1872–1946)

1150-513: The eldest son, Louis was expected to take over the family business. This was a duty that his father would not allow him to shirk and which made Louis' dream of life as an artist impossible. Father and son, however, apparently made a good team. They doubled the number of cities and towns served by Maison Dewachter from 10 to 20 in Louis' first dozen years with the firm. Some cities had multiple stores, such as Bordeaux, which had three. For more than

1200-546: The era. The noted Belgian art and literary critic Henry Dommartin (sometimes spelled Henri) met Dewis at the 1917 exhibition and became a fervent admirer of his fellow countryman's work. He once served as the State Librarian at Brussels and had heroically engineered the rescue of truckloads of Belgian art treasures from what was almost certain destruction shortly after the Germans occupied Belgium in 1914. Dommartin

1250-447: The first chain department stores , Dewachter frères (Dewachter Brothers). By 1904, the chain was managed by Isidore's son, Louis, and had grown to 20 cities and towns in Belgium and France, with some cities having multiple stores. Louis Dewachter also became an internationally known landscape artist, painting under the pseudonym Louis Dewis . Near the end of the nineteenth century, ready-made garments were no longer seen as only for

1300-425: The first forward pass in an American football game. The couple moved to the United States in 1926. They had seven children together, and Yvonne also gained a stepson from her husband's first marriage (his first wife having died in 1914). In her memoirs, Yvonne remembers that in the early years of Dewis's career, her mother regarded her father's painting with benign indifference. She writes that Elisabeth DeWachter

1350-534: The future Dewis was called Louis. The name "DeWachter" has Flemish roots, however Louis DeWachter always considered himself a Walloon . Isidore and his two brothers (Benjamin and Modeste) originated the idea of the chain department store when they formed Maisons Dewachter (Houses of Dewachter) in 1868, which they formally incorporated as the Belgian firm Dewachter frères (Dewachter Brothers) on 1 January 1875. For business purposes, they had decided not to use

1400-724: The highest achievement of fame eluded him. True, Dewis had finally escaped the dictates of his overbearing father that had stymied his career for almost three decades. He was now free to focus on painting. He could spend more time in the studio in his family's large apartment at 36-40 Rue de St-Cathérine over the Maison Dewachter in Bordeaux. But, his career would be marked by uncommon public relations misfortune. As daughter Andrée (bilingual, like her sister) would say in English many years later, "Dad had hard luck!" The renowned and influential French art dealer , Georges Petit ,

1450-419: The highest degree of success and influence in his profession. His historic Expositions internationales de Peinture had featured works by Claude Monet , Camille Pissarro , Pierre-Auguste Renoir , Auguste Rodin , John Singer Sargent , Alfred Sisley and James McNeill Whistler – and he conducted the sales of the works of Degas , after that artist's death in 1917. He pressured Dewis – scolding him that he

1500-512: The limited sizes across the nation. Overall ready-to-wear fashion exposed women to the newest styles and fashion trends, leading to a substantial increase in profits by US factories from $ 12,900,583 in 1876 (equivalent to $ 333 million in 2023) to $ 1,604,500,957 in 1929 (equivalent to $ 22.4 billion in 2023). The ready-to-wear fashion revolution led to an expansion of the US fashion industry that made fashionable apparel accessible, cost-effective, and commensurable. Interest in ready-to-wear

1550-411: The lower classes but also for the middle classes because of the view of the social aspect and how it has changed in value. This trend started in the United States. In the beginning, they were more popular with men than women. In the late 1860s, twenty-five percent of garments produced in the US were ready-made, but by 1890, the portion had risen to sixty percent. By 1951, ninety percent of garments sold in

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1600-453: The mail-order catalogs sent to rural farms by Sears allowed women to purchase clothing faster and at a cheaper price. The introduction of the concept of "pret-a-porter" has been attributed to Sonia Delaunay after her geometric styles were exhibited at the seminal 1925 Exposition Internationale des Arts Decoratifs in Paris. Another significant factor created by the ready-to-wear industry was

1650-438: The oldest son to do his duty and settle the enormous debt. Louis had no choice but to borrow the sum from a very rich relation, something that humiliated him to his core. So, as a matter of honor, he insisted on repaying the loan with 100% interest – over the protests of the lender and everyone else in the family. As a result, the task took Louis several years. These responsibilities and World War I combined to condemn him to what

1700-461: The title RMG . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=RMG&oldid=1195217495 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Ready-made garment Ready-to-wear has

1750-551: The young Dewis made "real artistic success" even more difficult to achieve. Dewis began to focus on his art about 1916, which motivated him to adopt the pseudonym "Dewis." He was 43 years old. In the summer of that year, Dewis staged what was probably his first exhibition at the Imberti Galleries in Bordeaux, news of which reached across the trenches that divided France in the midst of World War I – to his native Belgium. Le Vingtième Siècle ( The Twentieth Century )

1800-649: Was a feeling among some members of the Florigni family, which traced its roots back to the court of Catherine de' Medici , that "Babeth" had "married down." Jules Florigni administered the Bordeaux regional newspapers the Girond and La Petite Gironde and was Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur (Knight of the French Legion of Honor). Elisabeth's brother, Robert (1881–1945), authored some 30 popular novels, several stage plays and at least ten screen plays. He

1850-424: Was a frustrating life as a merchant, however successful, until after his father's death and the conclusion of the war. Throughout his business career, Louis DeWachter maintained an atelier in his home and was essentially a Sunday painter. His few surviving early works (dating from 1885 into the early 1900s) were unsigned because his father refused to allow him to sully the family name by associating it with such

1900-482: Was also a Paris-based journalist on the staff of La Petite Gironde and, like his father, Robert Florigni was named Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur. In 1919, Dewis's older daughter, Yvonne Elisabeth Marie, (23 Sep 1897, Toulouse, France - 19 Feb 1966, Saint Petersburg, Florida, USA) a student at the University of Bordeaux where she met and, after a whirlwind courtship, married Bradbury Robinson (1884–1949),

1950-487: Was clandestinely publishing a one-page edition in German-occupied Brussels . The paper somehow obtained a review of Dewis's exhibition for its 22 July 1916, issue. It was placed at the top of the page and titled: "Our artists in France." It expressed sentiments that critics would echo for the next thirty years: In 1917, as part of Dewis's considerable efforts to aid his Belgian countrymen (for which he

2000-456: Was determined by these following factors : cloth, trimmings, labor, taxes, amortization, transportation charges, and overhead & profit which lead for ready-to-wear military uniforms to be mass-produced in the United States during the War of 1812 . High-quality ready-to-wear garments for men became generally available soon thereafter, as the relatively simple, flattering cuts and muted tones of

2050-696: Was honored by both Belgium and France), he helped organize Le Salon franco-belge in the Bordeaux Public Garden. It was a charity event for the benefit of Belgian war refugees sponsored by the Belgian Benevolent Society of the South West and the Girondin Artists. This event was the first of a series of exhibitions in which the art of Louis Dewis would draw serious attention from some prominent art critics of

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2100-544: Was impressed by the Belgian's work at the 1917 exhibition in Bordeaux". His initial reaction, as he once told Dewis, was "vous êtes un tendre" ("you are tender-hearted"). The support of the owner of Galerie Georges Petit could be life-changing. According to Émile Zola , who knew the Parisian art world inside and out, Petit was "the ' apotheosis ' of dealers when the Impressionist market soared and competition among marchands... became intense." Petit had attained

2150-497: Was in that industrial city that Louis established a lifelong friendship with Richard Heintz ( fr:Richard Heintz ) (1871–1929), who also became an internationally known landscape artist . Heintz is considered the outstanding representative of the Liège school of landscape painting, a movement that greatly influenced Dewis's early work. When Louis was 14, the family moved to Bordeaux, France , where Isidore established what would be

2200-434: Was on his own... and he was no self-promoter. In turning his career over to Petit, Dewis had taken the biggest risk of his life and lost. He found himself in Paris without a sponsor. He, of course, still had resources from the sale of his business. So, the former merchant rented an atelier and began painting for public exhibition. From the beginning, his work was highly regarded and well reviewed, as this 1921 appraisal by

2250-658: Was pleased with her husband's choice of "hobbies" in one sense, telling her friends, "at least it's not noisy." As the years passed, Elisabeth took more interest. It was she who maintained Dewis's scrapbook of critical reviews for three decades. His younger daughter and only other child, Andrée Marguerite Elisabeth (24 September 1903 in Rouen, France - 11 May 2002 in Paris), married businessman Charles Jérôme Ottoz (1903–1993) in 1925,who proved to be less than supportive of his talented father-in-law. Ottoz had his own connections to

2300-423: Was sparked by Yves Saint Laurent , who was the first designer to launch a ready-to-wear collection, and in 1966 he opened Rive Gauche, his first ready-to-wear boutique. Whether he succeeded in democratizing fashion is an open question, since few were able to afford his designs, but he did pave the way for ready-to-wear fashion and the cross-fertilisation between haute-couture and high-street fashion that persists into

2350-495: Was the first and most insistent among Dewis's circle of friends to argue that the artist should concentrate solely on his art. From this period until his death in Biarritz in 1946, Dewis's landscapes were shown regularly at major exhibitions across western Europe. They attracted favorable reviews in the international press, purchases from major museums and the highest decorations from the governments of three countries. However,

2400-451: Was the pseudonym of Belgian Post-Impressionist painter Louis DeWachter, who was also an innovative and highly successful businessman. He helped organize and managed the first department store chain. He was born Isidore Louis DeWachter in Leuze, Belgium , the eldest son among the seven children of Isidore Louis DeWachter and Eloise Desmaret DeWachter. The father went by Isidore, while

2450-460: Was to encounter another antagonist. His son-in-law, Jérôme Ottoz, was also a recipient of the Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur – recognition for his accomplishments in business. He resented his talented and (gallingly) more famous beau-père (father-in-law). Jérôme possessed a demeanor reminiscent of Isidore's and, as such, dominated the timid artist... at one point talking Dewis out of accepting

2500-510: Was wasting his life "selling clothes. Petit urged him to sell his interest in Maison Dewachter and move to Paris – telling him, "come paint for me in Paris and I will make you famous." Finally, Dewis relented. He sold his majority interest in Dewachter frères and relocated his family from Bordeaux to Paris in May 1919. But, only a year later, Georges Petit was dead at the age of 64. Dewis

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