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78-476: The RB engine family includes single overhead camshaft (SOHC) and double overhead camshaft (DOHC) engines. Both SOHC and DOHC versions have an aluminium head. The SOHC versions have 2 valves per cylinder and the DOHC versions have 4 valves per cylinder; each cam lobe moves only one valve. All RB engines have belt driven cams and a cast iron block. Most turbo models have an intercooled turbo (the exceptions being

156-456: A DOHC configuration gradually increased after World War II, beginning with sports cars. Iconic DOHC engines of this period include the 1948–1959 Lagonda straight-six engine , the 1949–1992 Jaguar XK straight-six engine and the 1954–1994 Alfa Romeo Twin Cam inline-four engine. The 1966-2000 Fiat Twin Cam inline-four engine was one of the first DOHC engines to use a toothed timing belt instead of

234-456: A GT-R crank, pistons and rods in an RB25DET will make its displacement 2.6L as the Bore is the same as an RB26DETT). Achievable Stroker Displacements for RB Engines: SOHC An overhead camshaft ( OHC ) engine is a piston engine in which the camshaft is located in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber . This contrasts with earlier overhead valve engines (OHV), where

312-701: A basis for the RB30DE. Nissan did not produce this engine. It refers to a turbocharged engine using an RB30E short block with the twin-cam head installed from another RB series engine. A common hybrid in Australia and New Zealand (referred to as the RB25/30 or RB26/30) uses an RB30E bottom end mated to a RB25DE, RB25DET or RB26DETT cylinder head and turbo (RB20DE and DET heads are not used as the bores are different in size (RB30 86 mm (3.39 in) RB20 78 mm (3.07 in)); but were originally modified and used on

390-514: A cross flow design and is fitted lower in relation to the engine in the VL, there is an increased likelihood of air locks forming in the (alloy) cylinder head if the correct bleeding procedure isn't followed, causing this to overheat and warp. This was very unlikely in comparison to the R31 Skyline as the radiator is mounted higher. The engine proved to be very reliable apart from this issue. The RB30S

468-453: A device that controls various subsystems of an internal combustion engine . Systems commonly controlled by an ECU include the fuel injection and ignition systems. The earliest ECUs (used by aircraft engines in the late 1930s) were mechanical-hydraulic units; however, most 21st-century ECUs operate using digital electronics . The main functions of the ECU are typically: The sensors used by

546-557: A flat engine. A V engine or flat engine requires four camshafts to function as a DOHC engine, since having two camshafts in total would result in only a single camshaft per cylinder bank for these engine layouts. Some V engines with four camshafts have been marketed as "quad-cam" engines, however technically "quad-cam" would require four camshafts per cylinder bank (i.e. eight camshafts in total), therefore these engines are merely dual overhead camshaft engines. Many DOHC engines have four valves per cylinder. The camshaft usually operates

624-608: A fully enclosed-drivetrain), the American Liberty L-12 V12 engine, which closely followed the later Mercedes D.IIIa design's partly-exposed SOHC valvetrain design; and the Max Friz -designed; German BMW IIIa straight-six engine. The DOHC Napier Lion W12 engine was built in Great Britain beginning in 1918. Most of these engines used a shaft to transfer drive from the crankshaft up to the camshaft at

702-516: A higher bore and stroke at a displacement of 2.8 L. It produces 500 PS (368 kW; 493 hp) and 540 N⋅m (400 lb⋅ft; 55 kg⋅m) of torque. The 'Z2' revision includes upgraded turbochargers supplied by IHI , and additional improvements to allow it to reach maximum RPM speeds of up to 8,000 rpm. RB30 were produced from 1985 - 1991: This motor was produced for use in the Skylines , Patrols and rights bought by Holden because

780-463: A higher compression ratio than the RB26DETT, at 10.5:1. The RB26DETT engine is a 2.6 L (2,568 cc) twin-turbo inline-six engine manufactured by Nissan, for use in the 1989-2002 Nissan Skyline GT-R . The RB26DETT engine block is made from cast iron, while the cylinder head is made from aluminium alloy, which contains DOHC 4 valves per cylinder (24 valves in total) setup. The intake of

858-532: A modification friendly platform for tuners and aftermarket modifications in general. Some factory features of the RB26DETT: There is a common oiling problem with the pre-1992 R32 RB26 motors, as the surface where the crankshaft meets the oil pump was machined too small, eventually leading to oil pump failure at high rpm. This issue was resolved in later versions of the RB26 with a wider oil pump drive, which

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936-521: A revised inlet manifold (the runner diameter is reduced from 50 to 45 mm (2.0 to 1.8 in) to increase air velocity and low end torque) in particular the RB25DE NEO which had two inlets going into the inlet manifold. The combustion chamber of the head is smaller so model-specific pistons are used to compensate. The turbo received the larger OP6 turbine wheel, while some came with an aluminium compressor and super alloy turbine wheels, others had

1014-400: A timing chain. In the 1980s, the need for increased performance while reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions saw increasing use of DOHC engines in mainstream vehicles, beginning with Japanese manufacturers. By the mid-2000s, most automotive engines used a DOHC layout. Engine control unit An engine control unit ( ECU ), also called an engine control module ( ECM ), is

1092-454: Is also an 'RB30DETT' kit manufactured by OS Giken of Japan, which bolts an extension on top of the RB26 engine block, and fits liners, to give a bore and stroke of 86 mm × 86 mm (3.39 in × 3.39 in). It is available as an assembled short block, containing billet chrome-molybdenum crank, billet chrome-molybdenum H-beam connecting rods, forged pistons, and costs ¥1,500,000. The RB-X GT2 (designed and built by REINIK )

1170-458: Is an engine specially made for the NISMO 400R . The difference between this engine and a RB26DETT is that the engine is bored and stroked 87 mm × 77.7 mm (3.43 in × 3.06 in) which results in 2,770 cc (2.8 L). The engine produces 450 PS (444 hp; 331 kW) at 6800 rpm and 48 kg⋅m (471 N⋅m; 347 lbf⋅ft) at 4400 rpm. This engine

1248-494: Is available for most uprated RB26 oil pumps including Nissan's own OEM, N1 and Nismo parts, although most high HP RB-series engines all over the world have been proven to be reliable without spline driven oil pumps when built and tuned correctly. Besides minor cosmetic updates and ECU fine tunings, changes were made in the R34 generation to ball bearing T28 turbochargers as opposed to journal bearing turbos. The R34 GT-R turbos retained

1326-539: Is cast with an identification mark of 24U, whereas the standard RB26DETT block is marked with 05U. The RB26DETT N1 block is compatible with all GT-R engine bays. The RB26DETT Z1 and Z2 (and often referred to as an "RB28DETT Z1/Z2") was the engine used in the Nissan Skyline GT-R Z-Tune built by Nismo. It uses a stronger RB26 block based on Nissan's Le Mans GT2 and GT500 racing vehicles (stamped with RRR), stroked crankshaft, upgraded turbochargers, and

1404-580: Is found in all R33+ RB26 motors. Aftermarket performance parts makers also make oil pump extension drive collars to rectify this problem. More recently a spline drive solution has been developed by an aftermarket tuner Supertec Racing who moves away from the OEM flat drive system and uses splines to drive the oil pump gears in the same way as the Toyota's 1JZ-GTE engine found in the Toyota Supra (MK3) . This kit

1482-531: Is possible. The first known automotive application of timing belts to drive overhead camshafts was the 1953 Devin-Panhard racing specials built for the SCCA H-modified racing series in the United States. These engines were based on Panhard OHV flat-twin engines, which were converted to SOHC engines using components from Norton motorcycle engines. The first production car to use a timing belt

1560-460: Is similar to the RB26DETT as it uses the same cylinder head, bore and stroke (86 mm × 73.7 mm (3.39 in × 2.90 in)) and individual intakes as the RB26DETT, minus the usage of a parallel twin-turbo system. The engine and ECU ( engine control unit ) were tuned by Autech and S&S Engineering to make 220 PS (162 kW; 217 hp) at 6,800rpm and 245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft; 25.0 kg⋅m) at 5,200rpm. It also has

1638-634: The BMW 801 14-cylinder radial engine which powered the Focke-Wulf Fw 190 V5 fighter aircraft. This device replaced the 6 controls used to initiate hard acceleration with one control, however the system could cause surging and stalling problems. In the early 1970s, the Japanese electronics industry began producing integrated circuits and microcontrollers used for controlling engines. The Ford EEC (Electronic Engine Control) system, which utilized

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1716-551: The Duesenberg Model J , which was powered by a DOHC straight-eight engine. The 1931–1935 Stutz DV32 was another early American luxury car to use a DOHC engine. Also in the United States, the DOHC Offenhauser racing engine was introduced in 1933. This inline-four engine dominated North American open-wheel racing from 1934 until the 1970s. Other early SOHC automotive engines were the 1920–1923 Wolseley Ten ,

1794-596: The ECCS injection system. These later motors are known as "Silver Top" engines. The RB20DET-R was used in the Nissan Skyline 2000GTS-R (HR31) and was limited to 800 units. There were a variety of 2.0 L RB20 engines produced: This is a comparatively rare engine, as it was not produced for the Japanese domestic market. These were fitted to some left hand drive Nissan Cefiros exported from Japan new. Mechanically,

1872-802: The Tommykaira RB30DE as the RB25 engine did not exist at the time). The RB25DE cylinder head from the A31 Cefiro C33 Laurel or R32 Skyline (aka: Non VCT) can be used. The RB25DET (from the R33 Skyline or C34 Laurel or Stagea) head is also used, however an external oil feed must be fabricated for the variable cam timing (VCT) on the RB25DET, and the oil galleries at the front of the engine are misaligned. The variable cam timing may be disconnected altogether. It may be necessary to reduce

1950-638: The Toshiba TLCS-12 microprocessor, went into mass production in 1975. The first Bosch engine management system was the Motronic 1.0 , which was introduced in the 1979 BMW 7 Series (E23) This system was based on the existing Bosch Jetronic fuel injection system, to which control of the ignition system was added. In 1981, a Delco Electronics ECU was used by several Chevrolet and Buick engines to control their fuel system (a closed-loop carburetor) and ignition system. By 1988, Delco Electronics

2028-742: The VL Commodore due to the conditions set out by Holden to Nissan in the contract to supply engines. It consists of a lower compression RB30E bottom end, more powerful oil pump, knock sensor, Garrett T3 turbocharger, 250 cc (15 cu in) injectors, different intake manifold and supporting ECU. The motor itself is still popular today in Australian and New Zealand motorsport and drag racing in VL Commodores, R31 Skylines and swaps in other vehicles. Nissan Special Vehicles Division Australia produced two limited models of R31 Skylines,

2106-513: The " Gentlemen's Agreement " made between automakers at the time to limit the "advertised" horsepower of any vehicle to 280 PS (276 bhp; 206 kW). While the published figures from Nissan were as quoted above, it has been known among enthusiasts that the car actually had a factory power output closer to the 320 PS (235 kW; 316 hp) figure. The RB26 is widely known and became quite popular for its strength and power potential thanks to its iron block and forged internals, making it

2184-537: The 1903 Marr Auto Car SOHC engine built in the United States. The first DOHC engine was a Peugeot inline-four racing engine which powered the car that won the 1912 French Grand Prix . Another Peugeot with a DOHC engine won the 1913 French Grand Prix , followed by the Mercedes-Benz 18/100 GP with an SOHC engine winning the 1914 French Grand Prix . The Isotta Fraschini Tipo KM — built in Italy from 1910–1914—

2262-427: The 1925-1948 Velocette K series , the 1931-1957 Norton International and the 1947-1962 Norton Manx . In more recent times, the 1950-1974 Ducati Single , 1973-1980 Ducati L-twin engine , 1999-2007 Kawasaki W650 and 2011-2016 Kawasaki W800 motorcycle engines have used bevel shafts. The Crosley four cylinder was the last automotive engine to use the shaft tower design to drive the camshaft, from 1946 to 1952;

2340-417: The 1928-1931 MG 18/80 , the 1926–1935 Singer Junior and the 1928–1929 Alfa Romeo 6C Sport . Early overhead camshaft motorcycles included the 1925–1949 Velocette K Series and the 1927–1939 Norton CS1 . The 1946–1948 Crosley CC Four was arguably the first American mass-produced car to use an SOHC engine. This small mass-production engine powered the winner of the 1950 12 Hours of Sebring . Use of

2418-455: The ECU include: Other functions include: In a camless piston engine (an experimental design not currently used in any production vehicles), the ECU has continuous control of when each of the intake and exhaust valves are opened and by how much. One of the earliest attempts to use such a unitized and automated device to manage multiple engine control functions simultaneously was the created by BMW in 1939 Kommandogerät system used by

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2496-749: The GTS1 and GTS2. These contained slightly more powerful RB30E engines, containing longer opening duration cams and better flowing exhausts. These rare engines were used in the Tommykaira M30 based on the R31 Skyline GTS and R32 Skyline GTSt. For the R31 M30, a modified RB20DE head was bolted onto the RB30E block. It delivered 177 kW (241 PS; 237 hp) at 7000 rpm and 294 N⋅m (217 lb⋅ft; 30.0 kg⋅m) at 4800 rpm. For

2574-642: The Holden 202 (3.3 L) powering the Holden Commodore could no longer satisfy tightening emissions requirements, and with all new cars required to run on unleaded petrol by 1986 a quick replacement was needed. Nissan Motor Co. sold the RB30E to Holden for the VL Commodore . Holden would give the engine the name 'Powertech 6Ei' and 'Powertech 6EiT' (for turbocharged applications), although these names would only appear in official videos and brochures, seldom being used outside of Holden content. The radiator being

2652-660: The Nissan RB Engine: The first RB20ET/DE/DET engines were fitted to the HR31 Skyline and the Nissan Fairlady 200ZR (Z31 chassis), produced from August 1985. The early twin cam engines featured the NICS (Nissan Induction Control System) injection system, while the later twin cam engines used ECCS (Electronic Concentrated Control System). Later versions which used ECCS engine management, discarded

2730-455: The R32 M30, the bore was enlarged to 87 mm and increased the displacement to 3030 cc. The head was also replaced with RB26DE head. This new version delivered 206 kW (280 PS; 276 hp) at 7200 rpm and 294 N⋅m (217 lb⋅ft; 30.0 kg⋅m) at 6100 rpm. More commonly a hybrid conversion with an RB30E block and a twin cam RB25 head without a turbo is also used as

2808-514: The R33 RB25DET. These engines were ordered by Prince Nissan Dealership network for a special edition R33 GT25t called 280 Type-MR . The engine was built for high torque and limited to 300 PS (296 hp; 221 kW) and 36 kg⋅m (353 N⋅m; 260 lbf⋅ft) of torque. There are many stroker kits available for RB Engines (some only available as proper kits while others being achievable by using cranks from other engines, for example

2886-579: The RB24S combines an RB30E head, RB25DE/DET block and RB20DE/DET crank with 34 mm height pistons. The resulting 86 mm × 69.7 mm (3.39 in × 2.74 in) bore and stroke combined to form a 2.4 L (2,428 cc) inline-six engine. This engine used carburetors instead of the Nissan ECCS fuel injection system. It is able to rev higher than the RB25DE/DET (as it has

2964-525: The RB26DETT N1 engine use Garrett T25 turbochargers, the specification of the turbochargers changed through the 3 generations of the RB26DETT N1 engine (R32, R33, and R34). The R32, and R33 versions used Journal Bearing T25 Turbochargers. The R34 RB26DETT N1 engine used Garrett GT25 turbo chargers (which use a set of ball bearings). The biggest difference between the turbochargers used in the N1 engine, and

3042-500: The RB26DETT engine many known today. The RB26DETT was used in the following vehicles: The RB26DETT N1 is a modified version of the RB26DETT engine, developed by Nismo (Nissan Motorsports) for Group A and Group N motorsport. Nismo found that the standard RB26DETT engine required too much maintenance for use in a Group-A or Group-N race car and subsequently designed the N1 block; this was first used in Bathurst, Australia. Nismo balanced

3120-550: The RB26DETT varies from other RB-series motors in that it has six individual (3 sets of 2 throttle assemblies that are siamesed together) instead of a single throttle body . The engine also uses a parallel twin-turbo system, using a pair of T25-type ceramic turbochargers set by the wastegates to limit boost pressure to 10 psi (0.69 bar), although the Skyline GT-R has a built in boost restrictor to keep boost under 14 psi (0.97 bar). The first 2.6 L RB26DETT

3198-519: The block, and were known as "tower shafts". An early American overhead camshaft production engine was the SOHC straight-eight engine used in the 1921–1926 Duesenberg Model A luxury car. In 1926, the Sunbeam 3 litre Super Sports became the first production car to use a DOHC engine. In the United States, Duesenberg added DOHC engines (alongside their existing SOHC engines) with the 1928 release of

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3276-461: The camshaft (usually a timing chain in modern engines) is more complex in an OHC engine, such as the 4-chain valvetrain of the Audi 3.2 or the 2 meter chain on Ford cammers. Another disadvantage of OHC engines is that during engine repairs where the removal of the cylinder head is required, the camshaft engine timing needs to be reset. In addition, an OHC engine has a large cylinder head to accommodate

3354-408: The camshaft is located below the combustion chamber in the engine block . Single overhead camshaft (SOHC) engines have one camshaft per bank of cylinders . Dual overhead camshaft (DOHC, also known as "twin-cam" ) engines have two camshafts per bank. The first production car to use a DOHC engine was built in 1910. Use of DOHC engines slowly increased from the 1940s, leading to many automobiles by

3432-409: The camshaft is usually transferred to the valves either directly (using a tappet) or indirectly via a rocker arm . A dual overhead cam , double overhead cam , or twin-cam engine has two camshafts over each bank of the cylinder head, one for the intake valves and another for the exhaust valves. Therefore there are two camshafts for a straight engine and a total of four camshafts for a V engine or

3510-510: The camshaft or an extra set of valves to increase the volumetric efficiency , so that with the same displacement as an OHV engine, the OHC engine will end up being the physically larger of the two mostly due to the enlarged cylinder head. The other main advantage of OHC engines is that there is greater flexibility to optimise the size, location and shape of the intake and exhaust ports, since there are no pushrods that need to be avoided. This improves

3588-415: The camshaft. Timing belts are inexpensive, produce minimal noise and have no need for lubrication. A disadvantage of timing belts is the need for regular replacement of the belt; recommended belt life typically varies between approximately 50,000–100,000 km (31,000–62,000 mi). If the timing belt is not replaced in time and fails and the engine is an interference engine , major engine damage

3666-624: The ceramic exhaust turbine wheel. Models that had steel exhaust turbine wheels included the R32 Nismo, R32-R33-R34 N1 models and R34 Nür spec skyline GT-R's. R34 GT-R model RB26DETT engine specific differences to the R32-R33 engines include: Originally, the R32 GT-R was planned to have the 2.4 L RB24DETT and compete in the 4000 cc class (in Group A rules, the displacement is multiplied by 1.7 if

3744-694: The conversion popular amongst those who would otherwise convert their RB30E to a high compression RB30ET using original ET bolt on externals. Although it has a larger displacement than the RB26DETT, maximum possible horsepower is less, as the RB30 block lacks the RB26 block's internal bracing, and consequently cannot rev as high due to harmonic issues at ~7500 rpm. To compensate, the RB30DET produces more torque at lower revs due to its longer stroke. However they have been known to reach engine speeds up to 11,000 rpm with extensive balancing and blueprinting. There

3822-466: The crankshaft and the camshaft is commonly used in diesel overhead camshaft engines used in heavy trucks. Gear trains are not commonly used in engines for light trucks or automobiles. Several OHC engines up until the 1950s used a shaft with bevel gears to drive the camshaft. Examples include the 1908–1911 Maudslay 25/30 , the Bentley 3 Litre , the 1917-? Liberty L-12 , the 1929-1932 MG Midget ,

3900-404: The crankshaft to a higher specification than stock, as the standard RB26DETT engine experiences vibrations between 7,000 and 8,000 rpm. The engine also received improved water and oil channels within the engine block. The pistons and top piston rings were also upgraded to 1.2 mm (0.047 in). The N1 engine also has upgraded camshafts and upgraded turbochargers. Although all versions of

3978-443: The early 2000s using DOHC engines. In an OHC engine, the camshaft is located at the top of the engine, above the combustion chamber . This contrasts the earlier overhead valve engine (OHV) and flathead engine configurations, where the camshaft is located down in the engine block . The valves in both OHC and OHV engines are located above the combustion chamber; however an OHV engine requires pushrods and rocker arms to transfer

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4056-455: The engine is turbocharged). This was at a time when Nismo was going through the process of designing the R32 GT-R to be a Group A race car. However, when the engineers added the AWD system, they found that it made the car heavier than expected and as a result, much less competitive. Nismo made the decision to make the engine a 2.6 L twin-turbo and compete in the higher 4500 cc class, resulting in

4134-490: The gas flow through the engine, increasing power output and fuel efficiency . The oldest configuration of overhead camshaft engine is the single overhead camshaft (SOHC) design. A SOHC engine has one camshaft per bank of cylinders, therefore a straight engine has a total of one camshaft and a V engine or flat engine has a total of two camshafts (one for each cylinder bank). Most SOHC engines have two valves per cylinder, one intake valve and one exhaust valve. Motion of

4212-407: The motion from the camshaft up to the valves, whereas an OHC engine has the valves directly actuated by the camshaft. Compared with OHV engines with the same number of valves, there are fewer reciprocating components and less valvetrain inertia in an OHC engine. This reduced inertia in OHC engines results in less valve float at higher engine speeds (RPM). A downside is that the system used to drive

4290-458: The nylon plastic compressor wheel and ceramic turbine wheel. Turbo engines were upgraded to use GT-R spec connecting rods . Some also used an N1 type oil pump and had the oil pump drive collar on the crank revised to help cope with the breakage problems associated with fast, high revs. All in all they are quite a different engine in their own right - a culmination of 20 years of Nissan RB engine building rolled into one. The non-VCT, non-turbo RB25DE

4368-523: The only mechanical difference would be the camshafts as the Series 2 Cam Angle Sensor's shaft that goes into the exhaust cam is slightly different. Early Series 2 featured the traditional Mitsubishi CAS which was later swapped for the Black Hitachi CAS which used a grooved shaft because of a half circle positioning tooth which occasionally broke off when removing CAS. In May 1998 a NEO head

4446-454: The rights to the Crosley engine format were bought by a few different companies, including General Tire in 1952, followed by Fageol in 1955, Crofton in 1959, Homelite in 1961, and Fisher Pierce in 1966, after Crosley closed the automotive factory doors, and they continued to produce the same engine for several more years. A camshaft drive using three sets of cranks and rods in parallel

4524-481: The same stroke as the RB20DE/DET ) as well as being almost the same displacement as the RB25DE/DET . A common modification is to fit a twin cam head from other RB series motors while retaining the carburetor set-up. The standard single cam form produced 141 PS (139 hp; 104 kW) at 5,000 rpm and 20.1 kg⋅m (145 lb⋅ft; 197 N⋅m) of torque at 3,000 rpm. The RB25 series of engines

4602-571: The single cam RB20ET & RB30ET engines), and most have a recirculating factory blow off valve (the exceptions being when fitted to Laurels and Cefiros ) to reduce compressor surge when the throttle quickly closes. The RB engines are derived from the six-cylinder L20A engine, which has the same bore and stroke as the RB20. All RB engines were made in Yokohama, Japan where the VR38DETT engine

4680-417: The size of the oil restrictors in the block and machine a full face oil pump drive collar onto the crank, (to prevent it shattering at high RPM), with the use of a twin cam oil pump. The fitment of a twin cam head from any of these engines onto a standard compression RB30E bottom end gives a forced induction friendly compression ratio (around 8.2:1), for a mild to moderately modified street turbo engine, making

4758-628: The standard RB26DETT engine, is that the turbine wheels in the turbocharger are made from steel, rather than the ceramic used for the standard RB26DETT turbochargers. The ceramic turbine wheels are found to be very unreliable when used at high rotational speeds inducing higher centrifugal forces (such as when the turbochargers are used at a higher boost pressure than stock). With the advances in manufacturing technology such as sealing and material processes. The Nismo RB26DETT N1 engine block uses an 86 mm (3.39 in) bore which can be bored up to either 87 or 88 mm (3.43 or 3.46 in). The N1 block

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4836-730: The starting point for both Mercedes' and Rolls-Royce's aircraft engines. Mercedes created a series of six-cylinder engines which culminated in the Mercedes D.III . Rolls-Royce reversed-engineered the Mercedes cylinder head design based on a racing car left in England at the beginning of the war, leading to the Rolls-Royce Eagle V12 engine. Other SOHC designs included the Spanish Hispano-Suiza 8 V8 engine (with

4914-447: The timing between each camshaft and the crankshaft. This affords better fuel economy by allowing a broader torque curve. Although each major manufacturer has their own trade name for their specific system of variable cam phasing systems, overall they are all classified as variable valve timing . The rotation of a camshaft is driven by a crankshaft . Many 21st century engines use a toothed timing belt made from rubber and kevlar to drive

4992-437: The top of the engine. Large aircraft engines— particularly air-cooled engines— experienced considerable thermal expansion, causing the height of the cylinder block to vary during operating conditions. This expansion caused difficulties for pushrod engines, so an overhead camshaft engine using a shaft drive with sliding spline was the easiest way to allow for this expansion. These bevel shafts were usually in an external tube outside

5070-477: The turbocharger on the RB25DET(S2) had a ceramic turbine wheel rather than aluminium. The most obvious change to the system was the introduction of ignition coils with built in ignitors, therefore the coil ignitor that was on previous models was not used. Other changes were, different air flow meter, engine ECU , cam angle sensor and throttle position sensor. Mechanically Series 1 and Series 2 are very similar,

5148-604: The twelve tiny runners for six much larger ones (though they retained twelve ports on the head, so there was a splitter plate). It was also fitted to the A31 Cefiro, C32 and C33 Laurel. The Fairlady 200ZR was fitted with an intercooled NICS type RB20DET. The first RB20E engine was used in the C32 Nissan Laurel , produced from October 1984. Laurels , R32 Skyline and Cefiros used the second (1989–1993) series RB20E/DE/DET. This had an improved head design, and used

5226-414: The valves directly via a bucket tappet . A DOHC design permits a wider angle between intake and exhaust valves than in SOHC engines, which improves the air-fuel mixture's flow through the engine. A further benefit is that the spark plug can be placed at the optimum location, which in turn improves combustion efficiency . Another newer benefit of DOHC engine design is the ability to independently change/phase

5304-542: Was first introduced in the R32 Nissan Skyline GTS25 sedan and coupe models. RB25DE (Naturally Aspirated) and DET (Turbocharged) engines produced from August 1993 also featured NVCS (Nissan Variable Cam System) for the intake cam. This gave the new RB25DE more power and torque at lower rpm than the previous model. From 1995,(Series 2 Engines) both the RB25DE and RB25DET had a revised electrical system and

5382-711: Was fitted to the R32 Skyline, the VCT turbo and non-turbo was fitted to R33 Skylines and the WNC34 Stagea and the Laurel C34 . R34 Skyline, C35 Laurel and later Stagea (WGNC34) models use the NEO RB. The 2.5 L RB25 engine was produced in four different forms: The RB26DE is a naturally aspirated variant of the RB26DETT made specifically for the 1992 Nissan Skyline Autech Version GTS-4 (HNR32) sedan. Mechanically, it

5460-465: Was fitted, which enabled the engine to be classified as a low emission vehicle ( LEV ) engine due to their lower fuel consumption and emission output. The NEO head featured solid lifters(need to be adjusted overtime) rather than hydraulic(self adjusting), revised camshafts (higher lift lower duration to complement smaller ports and torque), with on/off solenoid Variable VCT, used a hotter 82 °C (180 °F) thermostat, model-specific coil packs and

5538-547: Was found in some Middle Eastern R31 Skylines and some GQ Nissan Patrols. The RB30E was found in R31 Skylines and VL Commodores in Australia as well as in South African R31 Skylines (with 126 kW (171 PS; 169 hp) at 5,000 rpm and 260 N⋅m (190 lb⋅ft; 27 kg⋅m) at 3,500 rpm) The turbocharged RB30ET (producing 150 kW (204 PS; 201 hp)) was found only in

5616-602: Was made. Some RB engines were rebuilt by Nissan's NISMO division at the Omori Factory in Tokyo as well. All Z-Tune Skylines were rebuilt at the Omori Factory. After a 15-year hiatus, production of the RB series resumed in 2019. All Nissan engines follow a naming convention, identifying the engine family (in this case, RB ), displacement, features present—see the list of Nissan engines for details. The stock dimensions for

5694-624: Was manufactured with a reinforced cylinder block and cylinder head, metal head gasket, pistons with cooling channels, forged crank shaft, forged connecting rods, N1 turbine with reinforced actuator, high flow intake, stainless down pipe, and low exhaust resistant sport cats, most of which were not offered for the RB26DETT. RB-X GT2 engines competed in LeMans 24hr race, Pikes Peak, and other forms of motorsports. GT500 and Z-tune engines are also based on REINIK's design although later built by NISMO's Omori Factory. REINIK also made over 20 RB28DET based on

5772-520: Was one of the first production cars to use an SOHC engine. During World War I, both the Allied and Central Powers ; specifically those of the German Empire 's Luftstreitkräfte air forces, sought to quickly apply the overhead camshaft technology of motor racing engines to military aircraft engines. The SOHC engine from the Mercedes 18/100 GP car (which won the 1914 French Grand Prix) became

5850-407: Was rated by Nissan at around 276 bhp (280 PS; 206 kW) at 6,800 rpm and 353 N⋅m; 260 lbf⋅ft (36 kg⋅m) at 4,400 rpm. By the end of production, power levels had gone up to around 320 PS (235 kW; 316 hp) at 6,800 rpm and 392 N⋅m; 289 lbf⋅ft (40 kg⋅m) at 4,400 rpm, not only because of developments and modifications to the engine, but also because of

5928-472: Was the 1962 Glas 1004 compact coupe. Another camshaft drive method commonly used on modern engines is a timing chain , constructed from one or two rows of metal roller chains . By the early 1960s most production automobile overhead camshaft designs used chains to drive the camshaft(s). Timing chains do not usually require replacement at regular intervals, however the disadvantage is that they are noisier than timing belts. A gear train system between

6006-416: Was the leading producer of engine management systems, producing over 28,000 ECUs per day. Such systems are used for many internal combustion engines in other applications. In aeronautical applications, the systems are known as " FADECs " (Full Authority Digital Engine Controls). This kind of electronic control is less common in piston-engined light fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters than in automobiles. This

6084-474: Was used in the 1920–1923 Leyland Eight luxury car built in the United Kingdom. A similar system was used in the 1926-1930 Bentley Speed Six and the 1930-1932 Bentley 8 Litre . A two-rod system with counterweights at both ends was used by many models of the 1958-1973 NSU Prinz . Among the first overhead camshaft engines were the 1902 Maudslay SOHC engine built in the United Kingdom and

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