41-606: The Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra (German: ORF Radio-Symphonieorchester Wien , or RSO Wien) is the orchestra of the Austrian national broadcaster Österreichischer Rundfunk (ORF) . Unlike most other Austrian orchestras, the RSO Wien has a substantial focus on contemporary classical music. Founded in 1969 with the name of the ORF-Symphonieorchester (ORF Symphony Orchestra), it is the only radio orchestra in
82-811: A mass medium . In the course of the abolition of the First Austrian Republic and the implementation of the Austrofascist Ständestaat by Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuß in 1934, the RAVAG studios were armed during the Austrian Civil War in February, as well as by the protagonists of the Nazi July Putsch , when several insurgents entered the studio and had Dollfuß's resignation announced (he actually
123-530: A coin. In 1945, the Allies introduced notes (dated 1944) in denominations of 50 groschen, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100 and 1,000 schilling. The Oesterreichische Nationalbank also introduced notes in 1945, in denominations of 10, 20, 100 and 1,000 schilling and the allied currency with small values up to 5 schilling remained valid until 1947. With the banknote reform of 1947, new notes were issued in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 1,000 schilling. Until 1957,
164-636: A radio licence in 1921; first in his telephone factory in the Brigittenau district of Vienna , later in the nearby TGM technical college. On 2 September, it aired a first broadcast address by Austrian President Michael Hainisch (1858–1940). One year later, a powerful transmitter, designed by the German Telefunken company, was installed on the roof of the former War Ministry building in Ringstraße in central Vienna. It was, however,
205-625: A result, some loopholes such as removing the antenna or tuner from television sets in order to declare them "GIS-Free" and hence exempt from the GIS fee (declared legal in a report to the Austrian Parliament in 2008, and confirmed as such by the Supreme Administrative Court of Austria in 2015, hence creating a market for selling regular and smart TVs without built-in antennas or tuners ) will be closed under
246-584: A result, the composition of the 5 Schilling coins changed from aluminum to silver in the 1950s, which was a highly unusual event. Cupro-nickel replaced silver in the 5 and 10 schilling coins in 1969 and 1974, respectively. An aluminium-bronze 20 schilling coin was introduced in 1980. Silver coins were in the value of 25, 50, 100, 200 and 500 schilling, but gold coins also existed for 500 and 1,000 schilling. They were considered legal currency, but were rarely found in actual transactions. Coins under 10 groschen were rarely seen in circulation during their final years. At
287-509: Is a supporter of the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HbbTV) initiative that is promoting and establishing an open European standard for hybrid set-top boxes for the reception of broadcast TV and broadband multimedia applications with a single user interface. From 6 March 1995 ORF broadcasts 24 hours a day. The ORF has one regional studio in each state, where each state produces its own radio and state television, which
328-652: Is available exclusively via internet: this is Ö1 Inforadio which relays all of Ö1's news content and fills the 'gaps', during which Ö1 is transmitting music and cultural programmes, with additional news broadcasts. A version of Ö1 is broadcast internationally via short wave (and satellite in Europe) as Ö1 International . Its schedule includes a small number of programmes in English and Spanish. An additional service, Radio 1476 , formerly broadcast on medium wave each evening from 18.00 until just after midnight. Its schedule
369-626: Is broadcast over ORF2. The regional studio in Tyrol , also produces regional television and radio for the German-speaking population of South Tyrol , Italy. Even though each state has its own studio, most ORF productions are heavily focused on Vienna, since most shows are made there. The ORF is funded by a television license fee, which since 1998 has been administered by its subsidiary Gebühren Info Service [ de ] (GIS). The amount payable differs by state. As of 2022, Styria has
410-542: The Kaisergroschen , lit. “emperor's groschen / groat ”) was a silver coin worth 12 pfennigs = 3 kreuzers = 2 ⁄ 5 schillings . The schilling was established by the Schilling Act ( Schillingrechnungsgesetz ) of 20 December 1924, at a rate of one schilling to 10,000 kronen and issued on 1 March 1925. The schilling was abolished in the wake of Germany's annexation of Austria in 1938, when it
451-583: The Munich region, but also promoted the live transmission of mass celebrations. With the Austrian Anschluss to Nazi Germany and the invasion of Wehrmacht troops in 1938, RAVAG was dissolved and replaced by Reichssender Wien subordinate to the national Reichs-Rundfunk-Gesellschaft network ( Großdeutscher Rundfunk from 1939) in Berlin , where programmes were also produced from. One of
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#1732787206325492-709: The Vienna State Opera and the Salzburg Festival . On the other hand, news broadcasts only played a minor part out of deference to the Austrian press and the 'neutralism' policy of the federal government (the July Revolt of 1927 was not even mentioned). Nevertheless, also regular sportscasts began in 1928 and in 1930 the Austrian legislative election was comprehensively covered. At that time, RAVAG registered about 500,000 listeners, having become
533-490: The Österreichischer Rundfunk GmbH , forerunner of today's ORF. The former Ö2 has been replaced by nine regional channels (one for each Bundesland , or federal state): All of these radio channels are broadcast terrestrially on FM and via the digital service of the SES Astra satellites at 19.2° east . All of ORF's domestic radio channels are also streamed over the internet. An extra 24-hour all-news channel
574-621: The ' CBS Eye ' logo used by the American commercial broadcaster CBS . In 1992, ORF commissioned the British graphic designer Neville Brody to design its current corporate logo, which was soon nicknamed the 'ORF bricks'. The 1968 'ORF eye' logo however continued to be used sporadically (for example on the title cards of Zeit im Bild ) until it was completely phased out in 2011. Austrian schilling The schilling ( German : Schilling ; German pronunciation: [ˈʃɪliŋ] )
615-435: The 2018–2019 season. The current Intendant of the orchestra is Christoph Becher. ORF (broadcaster) Österreichischer Rundfunk (lit.: 'Austrian Broadcasting'; ORF , German: [oːɛʁˈɛf] ) is an Austrian national public broadcaster . Funded from a combination of television licence fee revenue and limited on-air advertising, ORF is the dominant player in the Austrian broadcast media. Austria
656-753: The American English-speaking 'Blue Danube' armed forces network (BDN; not to be confused with the later Blue Danube Radio ) and the British Forces Network (BND), which became quite popular with younger Austrian listeners. The RAVAG/Radio Wien transmissions were limited to the Eastern Austrian Soviet occupation zone, and as the Cold War progressed was increasingly considered Communist propaganda broadcasting. Several other radio stations began broadcasting in
697-714: The German Reichspost . In World War II , listening to Feindsender ('enemy radio stations') became a capital offence, however, such stations such as the Swiss Radio Beromünster as well as the German-language programmes of the BBC , Voice of America (VOA) and Vatican Radio , were widely used information sources. Reichssender Wien transmissions were important for strategic bombing alerts. The Funkhaus broadcasting centre itself
738-522: The Stars . The most popular comedy show on ORF is Wir sind Kaiser ('We Are Emperor') with comedian Robert Palfrader playing Emperor Robert Heinrich I, inviting celebrity guests to make fun of them. The best known news anchors are talk show host Ingrid Thurnher [ de ] who was given seven Romy awards as most popular presenter; Armin Wolf who is best known for his hard-hitting interviews on
779-517: The breakdown of the Bretton Woods system in 1971, the schilling was initially tied to a basket of currencies until July 1976, when it was coupled to the German mark . Although the euro became the official currency of Austria in 1999, euro coins and notes were not introduced until 2002. Old schilling denominated coins and notes were phased out from circulation because of the introduction of
820-498: The continuing status of the orchestra. In January 2009, the RSO Wien announced the appointment of Cornelius Meister as its seventh chief conductor, effective with the 2010–2011 season and with an initial contract through August 2014. Meister has conducted the Vienna RSO in a commercial recording of the music of Gottfried von Einem . In April 2016, the orchestra announced that Meister is to conclude his Vienna RSO tenure in 2018, at
861-460: The country. It acquired its current name in 2009. The orchestra performs in a number of venues, including Radiokulturhaus (in Vienna), Konzerthaus, Vienna , Theater an der Wien and Musikverein . Milan Horvat was the orchestra's first chief conductor, from 1969 to 1975. During the tenure of Bertrand de Billy as chief conductor, from 2002 to 2010, he had disputes with management over funding and
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#1732787206325902-467: The different occupation zones and radio became a popular medium among Austrians: in 1952 there were 1.5 million radio sets in Austrian homes. The Western Allies could operate their programmes nationwide from Vienna, with a significantly higher popularity rating than the outdated RAVAG transmissions. In 1955, the various regional stations were brought together as the Österreichisches Rundspruchwesen ('Austrian Broadcasting Entity') which later, in 1957, became
943-513: The end of his most recent contract extension. In 2014, Marin Alsop first guest-conducted the Vienna RSO. In January 2018, the Vienna RSO announced the appointment of Alsop as its next chief conductor, effective 1 September 2019, with an initial contract of 3 years, later extended until 2025. She is the first female conductor to be named chief conductor of the Vienna RSO. Alsop took the title of chief conductor designate with immediate effect, through
984-1003: The euro by 28 February of that year. Schilling banknotes and coins which were valid at the time of the introduction of the euro will indefinitely remain exchangeable for euros at any branch of the Oesterreichische Nationalbank . In 1925, bronze 1 and 2 groschen, cupro-nickel 10 groschen, and silver 1 ⁄ 2 and 1 schilling coins were introduced, followed by cupro-nickel 5 groschen issues in 1931. In 1934, cupro-nickel 50 groschen and 1 schilling were introduced, together with silver 5 schilling. Coins were issued until 1938. Also issued gold and silver coins: 2 schillings (1937) – 64% silver, 5 schillings (1934) – 83% silver, 25 schillings (1926) – 90% gold, 100 schillings (1924) – 90% gold. Between 1947 and 1952, coins in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 groschen; and 1, 2, and 5 schilling were introduced. The 1, 5, 10, and 50 groschen were initially made from leftover blanks from
1025-437: The first coins were issued in 1946. With a second "schilling" law on 21 November 1947, new banknotes were introduced. The earlier notes could be exchanged for new notes at par for the first 150 schilling and at a rate of 1 new schilling for 3 old schillings thereafter. This reform did not affect coins. The currency stabilised in the 1950s, with the schilling being tied to the U.S. dollar at a rate of $ 1 = 26 schilling. Following
1066-566: The highest annual television licence cost, at €343.80, and Salzburg and Burgenland have the highest annual radio licence cost, at €94.92. Annual fees from July 2022 are: From January 2024, as part of reforms to the ORF tabled by the Nehammer Cabinet , the GIS organisation will be abolished and its associated TV licensing fee is expected to be replaced with a new compulsory ORF household tax, administered by ORF-Beitrags Service GmbH . As
1107-503: The last RAVAG transmissions was Schuschnigg's farewell address on 11 March 1938 ('God Save Austria'). Only hours later, live broadcasts featured the cheering devotees of his Nazi successor Arthur Seyss-Inquart (1892–1946), the triumphant entry of Adolf Hitler in Linz the next day, and his speech on Heldenplatz in Vienna. In 1939, the former RAVAG transmission facilities were taken over by
1148-406: The late evening news show ZiB 2 ; and Gabi Waldner [ de ] , moderator of the weekly political magazine Report . The ORF's first corporate logo , called the 'ORF eye', was designed by the Austrian illustrator and cartoonist Erich Sokol in 1968, who also served as ORF's chief graphics artist and later as art director from 1967 until 1992. The 'ORF eye' logo is often compared to
1189-523: The new system. Many of Austria's best known TV stars work for ORF. According to surveys the most prominent television presenter in the country is former alpine skier Armin Assinger who is the host of the Millionen-Show , Austria's version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? . Mirjam Weichselbraun , a former MTV presenter is co-host of Dancing Stars , Austria's edition of Dancing With
1230-606: The public Radio-Verkehrs-Aktiengesellschaft ('Radio Communication Company Ltd', RAVAG), a joint venture of the Austrian Federal Government , the City of Vienna and several bank companies, which, in February 1924, was awarded the concession to begin broadcasting, with Czeja as its director-general . Regular transmissions began on 1 October 1924 from provisional studios inside the War Ministry building that
1271-409: The time of the changeover to the euro, the coins in circulation were the following: In 1925, the Oesterreichische Nationalbank issued notes in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 100 and 1,000 Schilling e (note the different spelling of the plural on this first 1925-series of notes). In 1927–1929 a second series was added with 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 schilling notes. The one schilling was substituted by
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1312-569: The wartime pfennig issues. The 2 and 50 groschen; 1, 2, and 5 schilling were struck in aluminium, as was the second type of 10 groschen coin. The 1 and 5 groschen and the first type of 10 groschen were in zinc, with the 20 groschen struck in aluminium-bronze. The 1 groschen was only struck in 1947, while the 20 groschen and 2 schilling coins were suspended from production in 1954 and 1952, respectively. In 1957, silver 10 schilling coins were introduced, followed in 1959 by aluminium-bronze 50 groschen and 1 schilling, and in 1960 by silver 5 schilling coins. As
1353-509: Was a mixture of items from Ö1, programmes for linguistic and cultural minorities, folk music, and special productions. The ORF television channels are broadcast terrestrially and via the SES Astra 1H satellite at 19.2° east . Via satellite ORF 1 and ORF2 are encrypted , allowing only Austrian residents who pay the Austrian television licence fee (GIS) to watch them. ORF2 Europe is unencrypted and receivable via satellite in Europe. ORF
1394-818: Was damaged by Allied bombs in January and February 1945, followed by the Red Army Vienna Offensive . Reichssender Wien last aired 6 April, before retiring Schutzstaffel troops blew up the Bisamberg transmitter. Following the Wehrmacht defeat, independent Austrian RAVAG radio broadcasting resumed in Allied-occupied Austria 24 April 1945, when it announced the formation of a provisional Austrian state government led by Karl Renner (1870–1950). A new Radio Wien station
1435-491: Was exchanged at a rate of 1.50 schilling for one Reichsmark . The schilling was reintroduced after World War II on 30 November 1945 by the Allied Military, who issued paper money (dated 1944) in denominations of 50 groschen, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100, and 1000 schilling. The exchange rate to the reichsmark was 1:1, limited to 150 schilling per person. The Nationalbank also began issuing schilling notes in 1945 and
1476-751: Was founded, broadcasting from Funkhaus Wien by a provisional transmitter on the rooftop, once again under Oskar Czeija, who nevertheless was ousted shortly afterward on pressure by the Soviet military administration. As the Funkhaus was located in the Soviet occupation sector of Vienna, the Western Allies established their own radio stations like the Alpenland network on British-occupied territory, Radio Rot-Weiß-Rot on US-occupied territory, Sendegruppe West on French-occupied territory, as well as
1517-415: Was initially only a coin of account but later became an actual coin produced in many European countries. The currencies preceding the schilling include: In mediaeval Austria , there were short and long schilling coins, valued at 12 and 30 pfennigs respectively. Until 1857, the schilling was a currency unit for 30 pfennigs or 7 + 1 ⁄ 2 kreuzers . The Austrian groschen (also known as
1558-630: Was killed in his occupied Chancellery office). Dollfuß's successor Kurt Schuschnigg (1897–1977) had the demolished broadcasting centre replaced by the new Radiokulturhaus building (present-day Funkhaus Wien ) near the Theresianum academy in Wieden , Vienna, designed by Clemens Holzmeister (1886–1983) and erected from 1935 to 1939. The Austrian government widely used RAVAG broadcasts for propaganda activities, defying massive cross-border Nazi propaganda broadcasts aired from German transmitters in
1599-471: Was the currency of Austria from 1925 to 1938 and from 1945 to 1999, and the circulating currency until 2002. The euro was introduced at a fixed parity of €1 = 13.7603 schilling to replace it. The schilling was divided into 100 groschen . Following the Carolingian coin reform in 794 AD, new units of account were introduced, including the schilling , which consisted of 12 silver pfennigs . It
1640-519: Was the last country in continental Europe after Albania to allow nationwide private television broadcasting, although commercial TV channels from neighbouring Germany have been present in Austria on pay-TV and via terrestrial overspill since the 1980s. The first unregulated test transmissions in Austria began on 1 April 1923 by Radio Hekaphon , run by the radio pioneer and enthusiast Oskar Czeija [ de ] (1887–1958), who applied for
1681-566: Was to become known as Radio Wien (Welle 530) . By the end of October 1924 it already had 30,000 listeners, and by January 1925 100,000. Relay transmitters, established across the country by 1934, ensured that all Austrians could listen to Radio Wien at a monthly fee of two schillings . Radio programmes often aimed at an educated audience, featuring classical music, literature, and lectures. Early RAVAG shows, however, already catered to children and "arts and crafts" (e.g. Bastelstunde ). The first outside broadcasts aired in 1925, transmitted from