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34-610: Rovereto ( Italian pronunciation: [roveˈreːto] ; "wood of sessile oaks "; locally: Roveredo ) is a city and comune in Trentino in northern Italy, located in the Vallagarina valley of the Adige River . Rovereto was an ancient fortress town standing at the frontier between the bishopric of Trento – an independent state until 1797 – and the republic of Venice , and later between Austrian Tyrol and Italy. In

68-405: A 1 cm-long ( 1 ⁄ 2  in) petiole . The male flowers are grouped into catkins , produced in the spring. The fruit is an acorn 2–3 cm ( 3 ⁄ 4 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 4  in) long and 1–2 cm ( 1 ⁄ 2 – 3 ⁄ 4  in) broad, which matures in about six months. Significant botanical differences from pedunculate oak ( Q. robur ) include

102-502: A Peace Town for its Courtois origin and because of its colossal bell dedicated to the fallen people of the "Grande Guerra". A university organized around the theme, is actually not only a mere representation of a witness. We might say that the structure of this town has constitutional de-tensive equilibrium, of a pragmatic strategy of the forces it is possible as resistance, far from being a method to reduce conflicts by themselves. A tensive weight, in favour of which, to quote Luciano Anceschi,

136-508: A certain regard, it could be said that it is the handle of Saint Catherine's sword on the right side of the Corso where we can find the monastery. Indeed, the road ends up with a piazza and a corner toward the meridian Corso ( New Corso – Corso Nuovo ) that brings us to the Licei. The organization of the triangular setting is quite easy to collect as a zoning system of areas: we can find a trivium of

170-400: A coquille form of plan, with more of archaeological expectations, as a radiant line, that in some aspects, may recall to us again the triangular geometric construction of a pure alignment of elements. Up to the mountains, with a hermitage built on the rocks, San Colombano on its way up there is on the left the castles of the town, which has become a memorial museum of the history of the wars as

204-419: A human being, with its cathedra threshold of anatomy and renews its philosophic pedagogy with the priest – philosopher Antonio Rosmini, in the aesthetic tradition of text–art resources. Roads are therefore built in a rational cut: brevity, then clarity and scientific development of the thought. In the 16th century, the expansion of the town permits to continue the construction of small but high buildings and to use

238-462: A small battlemented belfry for the parochial church of Maria Assunta. This church was originally a romanesque - gothic building from the 14th century (attested by a medieval relief at its southern side), but was rebuilt in baroque style in 1728. It has a single nave and nine baroque altars. The altarpieces were made by local artists, such as Ignazio Martino Oliari da Riva, Giuseppe Craffonara da Riva and Giovanni Caliari da Verona. The fresco in

272-691: Is a species of oak tree native to most of Europe and into Anatolia and Iran . The sessile oak is the national tree of Ireland , and an unofficial emblem in Wales and Cornwall . The sessile oak is a large deciduous tree up to 40 metres (130 feet) tall, in the white oak section of the genus ( Quercus sect. Quercus ) and similar to the pedunculate oak ( Q. robur ), with which it overlaps extensively in range. The leaves are 7–14 centimetres ( 2 + 3 ⁄ 4 – 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches) long and 4–8 cm ( 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 –3 in) broad, evenly lobed with five to six lobes on each side and

306-525: Is a Baroque fresco "The coronation of Maria in Heaven". Places of geological interest in the vicinity include Tenno Lake , Lago di Ledro (with its paleoethnographic museum), and the Varone falls . With its two harbours, Riva del Garda is popular for sailing and windsurfing . Rock climbing and mountain biking are also common activities. Basketball is a sport enjoyed in the town; there are two teams in

340-468: Is also home to Pama S.p.A. machine tool builder. Rovereto railway station , opened in 1859, forms part of the Brenner railway , which links Verona with Innsbruck . Rovereto is twinned with: [REDACTED] Media related to Rovereto at Wikimedia Commons Sessile oak See text . Quercus petraea , commonly known as the sessile oak , Cornish oak , Irish oak or durmast oak ,

374-585: Is located at the north-western corner of Lake Garda , approximately 70 metres (230 feet) above sea level . The town is located at the southern edge of the Italian Alps near the Dolomites . It is bordered by Monte Rocchetta to the west and Monte Brione, 376 metres (1,234 ft) above sea level, to the east. East of Riva del Garda is the village Torbole , bordered by Monte Baldo . Winters are chilly and relatively sunny; snow isn't rare, although since

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408-698: Is located at the southern edge of the Italian Alps, near the Dolomites. It is bordered by Monte Cengialto (686 m or 2,251 feet above sea level) to the east. In the area of Lavini di Marco footprints of dinosaurs have been found. The species have been identified as the herbivorous Camptosaurus and carnivorous Dilophosaurus . Marco also hosts a large landslide which was mentioned by Dante Alighieri in his Divina Commedia : "Qual è quella ruina che nel fianco di qua da Trento l'Adice percosse, o per tremoto o per sostegno manco" (Inferno, canto XII). In

442-502: Is one of the most important activities of the town. The town is also home to industries such as paper manufacturing. The Museo Civico is located in the Rocca, a medieval fortress with quadrangular bastions , placed on the lake, bounded by a canal with drawbridge. It was the fortress of the noble family Scaligeri (1124), who became the Lords of Verona . It was rebuilt several times and it

476-536: Is placed the torsions of our Baroque rediscovery of the translation ideas that enrich languages, guides the Italian lexicon to be reflective and transparent in its style and town planning. Within this frame some of our most famous physicists studied here as Ivo Modena. This city is east of Riva del Garda (at the north-western corner of Lake Garda). Rovereto is the main city of the Vallagarina district. The town

510-666: Is situated between the tower and the harbour. The city hall comprises the Palazzo Pretorio from 1375 (the former cantonal courthouse) and the Palazzo del Provveditore (the governor's palace), built between 1472 and 1485. The city gates Porta San Marco (11th century), built by the Venetians , and Porta San Michele (13th century), at the Piazza Cavour, are remnants of the medieval city walls. The Porta San Michele has

544-410: Is traditionally used for building, ships and furniture. Today the best woods are used for quality cabinetmaking , veneers and barrel staves. Rougher material is used for fence construction, roof beams and specialist building work. The wood also has antimicrobial properties. It is also a good fuel wood . During autumns with good acorn crops (the mast years), animals are traditionally grazed under

578-803: The Republic of Venice , the Bishopric of Trent , the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy and later (1815–1918) to the Austro-Hungarian Empire (when it was known as Reiff am Gartsee ). During the Third Italian War of Independence , Riva del Garda was an important supply base for the Austrian navy and was the only town on the lake captured by Italian forces. In 1918, after the end of World War I , Riva del Garda, with

612-535: The 15th century, from the model of Siena – the leaf of the crown and the classic Athens reference of the foxil Nautilus. Some of the traces left behind (apart from the prehistoric levels) are concerned with the Roman period and, in modern times, with the disappearance of the Saint Thomas door and the hospital that had its name. Let us retrace the comparison: while Siena has Saint Mary as the actual general hospital of

646-676: The First World War was close to these boundaries. In the 16th and 17th centuries the town had a development of cultural and educational institutions, with a call for building from the architects of Lombardia (Comaschi-builders-stone workers), for a unity of style, which does not lack curious humour: at every corner, of the Renaissance part of the city – faces, masked and frowning, when not regarding with such stern expression to surprise, are merging some visible points. The history of education starts its scholarship with Descartes's idea of

680-519: The Middle Ages it was known by its German toponyms Rofreit and Rovereith . This town started to be populated with inhabitants of the prehistory with traces that were found where today are the oldest ways which belong to the actual main historical centre, around via della Terra. The town has a complexity of plans which are printed in various developments, as if it could have different directions to evolve an ideal, brought towards its completeness in

714-549: The authority consulted. Quercus petraea was first described by Heinrich Gottfried von Mattuschka in 1777 as a variety of Quercus robur , Quercus robur var. petraea . It was raised to a full species by Franz Kaspar Lieblein in 1784. As of March 2023 , Plants of the World Online accepted five subspecies: Sessile oak is one of the most important species in Europe both economically and ecologically. Oak timber

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748-459: The dome is by the 17th century Baroque painter Giuseppe Alberti . The Chiesa dell'Inviolata, dominating Largo Marconi, is considered among the most beautiful baroque churches in Trentino . It is an octagonal building with the belfry next to it. It contains the altarpieces "San Carlo Borromeo" and "San Gerolamo" by the Mannerist painter Palma il Giovane . In the middle of the octagonal dome

782-479: The late 1980s Riva has seen a noticeable decrease of snowfalls and yearly amounts (like the rest of northern Italy) due to the warming trends of the winter in the past 30 years. Summers are warm but rarely hot and/or muggy, mainly thanks to the local and mild lake breeze in the afternoon hours and some scattered thunderstorms in the late afternoon. January averages are −1 to 6 °C (30 to 43 °F), while July are 17 to 28 °C (63 to 82 °F). The average of

816-637: The oldest part of the town, in its original settlement – but a rational Euclidean square corner in the Modern; an extension of the triangular area that develops and gathers some of the actualized styles of Roman genres (the 19th century and the Post Modern, as Fortunato Depero discovered) at its base on the main road to the Province of Trento. The town in the 20th century (the Novecento) was recognized as

850-543: The other hand, prefers deeper, richer soils at lower altitude. Fertile hybrids with Quercus robur named Quercus × rosacea are found wherever the two parent species occur and share or are intermediate in characters between the parents. Charles Darwin , in Chapter II of On the Origin of Species , noted that the sessile and pedunculate oaks had been described as both distinct species and mere varieties depending on

884-467: The past, Rovereto was an important centre for the manufacture of silk fabrics. Currently, wine, rubber, chocolate, glasses and coffee are the town's main businesses. Rovereto is the birthplace (1941) of Sferoflex eyeglasses, now taken over by Luxottica . Other relevant companies located in Rovereto are Marangoni Pneumatici, Sandoz Industrial Products S.p.A. , Cioccolato Cisa, and Metalsistem. Rovereto

918-401: The regional league, Virtus Riva and GS Riva. In the winter months, skiing is available, with a couple of ski-resorts located just 20-30 driving minutes from the town and others about 45–60 minutes away. Via ferrata for rock climbing Via dell'Amicizia, which is 650 metres (2,130 ft) high, ends at the height of 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) meters (route starts approximately at the middle of

952-460: The rest of the Trentino , became part of the Kingdom of Italy . Riva was the terminus for the 24 kilometres (15 miles) long Mori–Arco–Riva railway line, opened in 1891. However, the railway line closed in 1936 and the railway terminus has been converted into a restaurant. Austrian statesman Kurt Schuschnigg was born in the town in 1897 and was of Carinthian Slovene descent. Riva del Garda

986-410: The river to structure small canals for water. Therefore, the colour industry starts with silk and textile its adventure from the more advanced and widespread Venetian corners. The 19th century is characterized by the influence of the rediscovery of the romance history, with all the consequences of ratios: a tribunal is placed in the area of the new town, with the main external road in its proximities. In

1020-416: The stalked leaves, and the stalkless (sessile) acorns from which one of its common names is derived. (With the pedunculate oak, it is the acorns which are pedunculate, i.e. on stalks, while the leaves are not.) It occurs in upland areas of altitudes over 300 m (984 ft) with higher rainfall and shallow, acidic, sandy soils. Its specific epithet petraea means "of rocky places". Q. robur , on

1054-454: The town in regard of which replace the symbols of the basilica, Saint Thomas of Canterbury was a hospital probably for orphans as the one of Saint Catherine. The town has therefore different reminiscences: a leaf shape (the blazon image is "The Town of the Oak" and, as a lanceolate leaf forms the antique part of the town, it recalls the lance of the Roman army) which in other regards is completed by

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1088-618: The trees to fatten them. The Pontfadog Oak , once considered to be the oldest oak tree in the UK, was a sessile oak. This grew near Chirk in North Wales. It was understood to be over 1,200 years old, an age that was due to regular pollarding for much of its life. The hollow trunk had a girth of 12.9 m (42 ft 5 in). It was lost in April 2013 when it blew down in high winds. Riva del Garda Riva del Garda belonged to

1122-478: The yearly precipitations is 1,064 mm (41.9 in) (1871–2020), while the yearly snow averages 27 cm (11 in) (1925–2020), with a record of 124 cm (49 in) in the winter 1984–1985; the highest snowcover on the ground has been about 75 cm (30 in) by the Christmas of 1938 and, later, 60–65 cm (24–26 in) during a significant snowfall between January 13 and 17, 1985. Tourism

1156-466: Was used by the Austrians as barracks in the 18th century. It is frequently the seat of cultural activities, especially during the summer months. The medieval Torre Apponale is a medieval tower first mentioned in 1273, but probably older. It belonged to the first fortress of Riva, that no longer exists. Modifications were made in 1555 and it was raised to 34 metres (112 ft). The Piazza III Novembre

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