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107-825: Along with the Royal Canadian Army Cadets and Royal Canadian Air Cadets , the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets form part of the Canadian Cadet Organizations . Although the RCSCC and the other cadet programs are sponsored by the Canadian Forces and the civilian Leagues, cadets are not members of the Forces and are not expected to join. In keeping with Commonwealth custom, the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets stand first in

214-677: A Naval Crown . In 1976, the Sovereign approved a new design, which replaced the Union Flag in the canton with the Maple Leaf Flag . The badge is the service emblem of the RCSC, and it is worn on cadet-issued parkas. It is also depicted on the flag of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets. It is used as a cap badge on the beret worn with Order of Dress C4C. These are the uniforms of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets. The uniforms are classified by

321-463: A CIC officer ( Divisional Officer or DivO), although the officer position is sometimes filled by a Civilian instructor or Volunteer. Cadets parade by divisions, and are expected to route grievances and requests through the chain of command , running either directly from the DPO to DivO to the executive officer (XO) to the commanding officer (CO) or from the DPO to the cadet Regulating Petty Officer (RPO,

428-763: A Cadet Regimental Sergeant Major who is departing a corps will relinquish the senior position by passing on the drill cane or the corps flag to his or her successor. Upon departing the Royal Canadian Army Cadets, most of the items (specifically personal kit) issued to them during their time in the program must be returned. The organization and rank system of the Canadian Army is used. Cadets are appointed to non-commissioned member ranks and take seniority amongst themselves. A few large school-sponsored cadet corps use Canadian Army commissioned officer designations from Lieutenant to Lieutenant Colonel,

535-702: A Corps of School Cadet Instructors was established. It was composed of qualified male school teachers. On May 1, 1921 the Corps was reorganized on Jan 1, 1924 and designated the Cadet Services of Canada. It was a component of the Canadian Army Non-Permanent Active Militia and the forerunner of the current Cadet Instructor Cadre. With the integration of the Canadian Armed Forces in 1968, the officer cadre

642-717: A UAV: The following major projects have been announced by the Government of Canada to modernize the Royal Canadian Navy: Commissioned officers of the Canadian Armed Forces have ranks ranging from the NATO standard ranks of OF-1 to OF-9. The only OF-9 position in the Canadian Forces is the Chief of the Defence Staff , who can be from any of the service elements. The highest position occupied in

749-640: A blue background, surrounded by a circlet of gold roses and laurels, surmounted by a crown) and an anchor and naval crown (from the Canadian Naval Ensign ) on the lower right fly. These elements are found in the 1979 and 2009 colours. The colours from 1926, 1939 and 1959 consist of a White Ensign with the Queen's or King's cypher, surrounded by the Garter and ensigned with the Crown, in the middle. With

856-605: A community level. Many Royal Canadian Army Cadet corps receive logistical assistance and administrative support from their affiliated Regular Force or Reserve Force unit. While cadets may wear the badges and accoutrements of their affiliated unit, cadets are not members of the Canadian Armed Forces. With roots in the early drill associations authorized in 1861, Royal Canadian Army Cadets is Canada's oldest youth program. As of 2016, there are approximately 18,920 army cadets in about 429 corps which are spread across

963-731: A larger role in the Pacific Theatre after achieving victory in Europe, the Canadian government recognized that the RCN would require much larger vessels. Canadian naval staff advocated for HMS Nabob and HMS Puncher to be given back to the Royal Navy in exchange for two light fleet carriers . The Canadian government agreed to acquire two carriers on loan from the Royal Navy, with an option to purchase them, but they were not ready before

1070-659: A national level, the League supports the International Exchange Program, certain scholarships, and the National Sea Cadet Regatta, while local branches provide vital logistical support to individual RCSC Corps. Individual cadets belong to units called Royal Canadian Sea Cadet Corps (RCSCC), or Corps de cadet de la Marine royale canadienne (CCMRC), which are the basic operating units of the program. Each corps consists of officers from

1177-878: A number of auxiliary vessels, is responsible for Canada's exclusive economic zone on the East Coast, as well as Canada's area of responsibility in the Atlantic Ocean and the eastern Arctic Ocean . The RCN's Pacific Fleet, known as Canadian Fleet Pacific is co-located with Maritime Forces Pacific (MARPAC), with headquarters at CFB Esquimalt in British Columbia , in the Greater Victoria region. MARPAC consists of over 4,000 naval personnel and 2,000 civilian personnel. Comprising 15 warships and several auxiliary vessels homeported in Esquimalt,

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1284-459: A number system that lays them out as uniforms C1, C2, C5, etc. Uniforms C1A, C3A, C3B, C5, and C5A are issued upon joining, along with Winter Accoutrements. Order of Dress C1A (Ceremonial Dress): Order of Dress C2 (Mess Dress): C1A, a white shirt and bowtie is worn by male cadets and a white shirt with crossover tie is worn by female cadets. However, this order of dress is optional and the white shirt and tie are not purchased at public expense. When

1391-787: A practice that is not officially recognized. Adult leadership is provided by members of the Canadian Forces Reserve sub-component which is known as the Cadet Organization Administration and Training Service , which is composed mostly of officers of the Cadet Instructor Cadre (CIC) branch. The leadership of each individual corps is supplemented, if necessary, by contracted Civilian Instructors (CIs), authorized adult volunteers, and, on occasion, officers and non-commissioned members of other Canadian Armed Forces branches. The CIC branch

1498-700: A ranking tool for Senior Cadets. Year 5 of LHQ training was also introduced as "Master Cadet" consisting of a great deal of On the Job Training (OJT) and self-led professional development opportunities. As of August 4, 2023, the National Star of Excellence program has been phased out. Cadets are taught a variety of subjects, known as Performance Objectives (PO) that include: citizenship, physical fitness, healthy living, drill, marksmanship, map and compass, outdoor survival, eco-friendly camping and military history and traditions. To better assist in understanding

1605-533: A summer training course, and are worn on the right side of the cadet uniform, under their name tag. In addition, cadets may also wear any orders, decorations, and medals of Canada they have been awarded on the left side of their uniform. Within the system, there are several honours and awards common to all three cadet elements and some that are unique to each. A cadet who transfers from one element to another may continue to wear any medals awarded from their previous service, but in general, sea cadets may be eligible for

1712-893: A variety of flags during their history: some corps flew the White Ensign until 1929; they then used the Canadian Blue Ensign and the flag of the Navy League of Canada until 1953. In that year, the Chief of Naval Service approved a design for the Royal Canadian Sea Cadet Flag: a white flag with the Union Flag in the canton, and, on the fly, the badge of the Cadets, a gold anchor on a blue roundel surrounded by red maple leaves and surmounted by

1819-604: Is No. 2 Bishop's College School Cadet Corps in Lennoxville, Quebec (Nov. 1879), and No. 7 Royal Canadian Army Cadets in St. Thomas, Ontario (Feb. 1880), both having roots firmly in the previous drill associations. In 1904, the allocation of numbers to cadet corps was instituted and the Quarterly Militia List, correct to April 1, 1904, lists Cadet Organizations from 1 to 104. The earliest date of organization shown

1926-733: Is November 28, 1879, four months after Militia General Order 18 of July 25, 1879 allowed the formations of 74 "Associations for Drill in Educational Institutions" for young men. These cadets were taught drill and marksmanship, but were not required to be employed in active service. The 74 associations included 34 in Ontario , 24 in Québec , 13 in the Maritimes , two in Manitoba , and one in British Columbia . The origin of

2033-845: Is intended to secure four new tugs to replace the Glen class and Firebrand with vessels with combined tug and firefighting capabilities, and is being conducted with shipbuilder Ocean Industries Inc, with project completion expected in 2024. Since 1975, all aircraft supporting the RCN are operated by the Royal Canadian Air Force through 1 Canadian Air Division , though this will change upon delivery of an Unmanned Aircraft System expected in 2024 or 2025. CP-140 Aurora and CP-140A Arcturus anti-submarine, ship surveillance and maritime patrol aircraft have been operated by squadrons under 14 Wing at CFB Greenwood and 19 Wing at CFB Comox . The CH-148 Cyclone entered operational service with

2140-554: Is known as Direct-Entry Officer (DEO) Plan. Senior NCOs may also be offered commissions on the basis that their training and experience give them a comparable basis of knowledge; this is referred to as the Commission-from-the-Ranks (CFR) Plan. NCOs who are offered such promotions are typically petty officer 1st class or higher, with 20 or more years of service. The RCN rank structure is shown below. Commander-in-Chief Officers Non-commissioned members of

2247-448: Is no enrolment fee to join a Royal Canadian Army Cadet Corps. Some local sponsors request a voluntary registration fee to assist with expenses not covered by the Canadian Forces such as hall rental. Uniforms, training manuals, and instruction are provided. If a cadet remains in a corps until the day prior to their 19th birthday, then they may be "aged out" following a special ceremony which happens during their final parade night. For example

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2354-556: Is provided by members of the Canadian Forces Reserve Subcomponent Cadet Organization Administration and Training Service , composed mostly of officers of the Cadet Instructor Cadre (CIC) Branch, supplemented, if necessary, by contracted Civilian Instructors, authorized adult volunteers, and, on occasion, officers and non-commissioned members of other CF branches. The CIC Branch is specifically trained to serve

2461-529: Is referred to as a parade/training night while training/activities conducted on weekends or on other weeknights are referred to by the activity/training occurring. In accordance with QR and O Cadets 4.11 the following are the rank badges of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets: In addition to the rank-specific criteria given below, all appointments are subject to the approval of the cadet's commanding officer , who generally promotes based on

2568-485: Is specifically trained to administer and support the Royal Canadian Sea, Army, and Air Cadet training program. Like all other Reserve Force members, they come from all walks of life and all parts of local communities. Some commissioned CIC officers are former cadets themselves, while others may have former Regular Force or Reserve Force service. The aim of the Royal Canadian Army Cadets is "to develop in youth

2675-582: Is the Royal Canadian Air Force 's 12 Wing Shearwater , based at Shearwater Heliport , which provides shipborne air support for the Atlantic Fleet. The RCAF's 14 Wing Greenwood provides fixed-wing air support for MARLANT through 404 Maritime Patrol and Training Squadron and 405 Maritime Patrol Squadron . Other Atlantic Fleet facilities are CFAD Bedford , an ammunition depot, and two radio stations, Naval Radio Section (NRS) Newport Corner and NRS Mill Cove . The Atlantic Fleet, with 18 warships and

2782-755: Is the commander of the Royal Canadian Navy and chief of the Naval Staff. Founded in 1910 as the Naval Service of Canada (French: Service naval du Canada ) and given royal sanction on 29 August 1911, the RCN was amalgamated with the Royal Canadian Air Force and the Canadian Army to form the unified Canadian Armed Forces in 1968, after which it was known as Maritime Command (French: Commandement maritime ) until 2011. In 2011, its historical title of "Royal Canadian Navy"

2889-557: Is the customary rendering. Generally, where there is a need to distinguish between cadets and Canadian Forces members, the NCO ranks will be written or spoken as Cadet Petty Officer First Class, abbreviated as C/PO1. Additionally, while it is customary within the organisation to refer to a cadet receiving a rank as being "promoted," the official documentation refers to such an act as an "appointment." Along with their mandatory weekly training, sea cadets may also participate in one or more of

2996-696: Is the main training program carried out by all Royal Canadian Army Cadet corps within Canada. This program is mandated by the Department of National Defence and specifically through the Directorate of Cadets & Junior Rangers. The Star Level Program is composed of five levels: Starting in the 2012-13 training year, the National Star of Excellence or NSE replaced the National Star Certification Examination or NSCE as

3103-565: Is the oldest commissioned ship in the RCN. The RCN's ceremonial flagship is HMCS  Haida , a Tribal-class destroyer which served from 1943 until 1963. On 19 September 2014, the RCN announced the decommissioning of its two Protecteur -class resupply ships, along with two Iroquois -class destroyers. The Naval Tactical Operations Group (NTOG; French : Groupe des opérations tactiques maritimes, GOTM ), established in 2015, has units based on warships to provide enhanced naval boarding capability. The RCN operates auxiliary vessels to support

3210-611: Is worn on the upper sleeve of the cadet uniform and on the breast of the issue parkas. It is also worn as a brass or cloth cap badge in place of an affiliated unit badge or for non-affiliated corps. The motto of Acer Acerpori is Latin for "as the maple, so the sapling". The Royal Canadian Army Cadets (RCAC) can trace its history to the creation of drill associations or militia companies in 1861, predating confederation by six years. These early militia companies and drill associations were not cadet corps but were militia sub-units formed in educational and other public institutions. Enrolment

3317-522: The Harry DeWolf class . In addition to the surface vessels, the RCN operates four Victoria -class submarines that were acquired from the Royal Navy in 1998. These warships carry the designation His Majesty's Canadian Submarine. The RCN also maintains and operates HMCS  Oriole , a historic sailing ship launched in 1921 which was commissioned in 1952 as a sail-training ship. Thus, Oriole

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3424-609: The Battle of the Atlantic , the RCN sank 31 U-boats and sank or captured 42 enemy surface vessels, while completing 25,343 merchant crossings. The navy suffered the loss of 33 ships and 1,797 sailors. To gain experience with the operation of aircraft carriers, RCN personnel crewed two Royal Navy escort carriers from 1944 to 1946: HMS  Nabob , and HMS  Puncher . Starting in May 1944, when Canada began drafting plans to assume

3531-639: The Canadian Armed Forces and the civilian Army Cadet League of Canada . Under the authority of the National Defence Act, the program is administered by the Canadian Armed Forces and funded through the Department of National Defence . Additionally, the civilian partner of the Royal Canadian Army Cadets, the Army Cadet League of Canada, also ensures financial, accommodations and transportation support for RCAC programs and services at

3638-479: The Canadian Armed Forces , and there is no expectation to join the military at a later date. However, former Cadets who do decide to go on to join the military may find that there are certain benefits to be found within the military in certain areas such as basic training (BMQ, BMQ-L and occupation specific training). The service records for members of the Royal Canadian Army Cadets, which are usually digitally created but sometimes physically made, are not destroyed until

3745-612: The Department of Transport 's Marine Service and slowly started to build its fleet, with the first warships specifically designed for the RCN being commissioned in 1932. At the outbreak of the Second World War , the Navy had 11 combat vessels, 145 officers and 1,674 men. During the Second World War, the RCN expanded significantly, ultimately gaining responsibility for the entire Northwest Atlantic theatre of war. During

3852-772: The Duke of Edinburgh as the Admiral of the RCSC. Finally, in 1941, the RCN became a joint partner with the Navy League in support of the RCSC. In 1950, the Navy League of Canada established the Wrenette program for girls aged 13 to 18 years, though at least one corps (in Victoria, British Columbia) unofficially existed before that date. Starting in 1975, girls were permitted to become sea cadets (as well as army and air cadets), making

3959-666: The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada , but that order was rescinded in December. Magnificent waited in Halifax until the end of the month, then sailed for Egypt carrying 406 Canadian troops and their vehicles, four Royal Canadian Air Force de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otters , and a single H04S helicopter . She returned to Canada in March 1957. Later in 1957, the RCN paid off HMCS Magnificent and commissioned HMCS  Bonaventure , which

4066-863: The Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston , Ontario, the Royal Military College Saint-Jean in Saint-Jean , Quebec, Naval Officer Training Centre (NOTC) Venture and Naval Fleet School (Pacific) in Esquimalt , British Columbia, and Naval Fleet School (Atlantic) in Halifax , Nova Scotia. Some specialized candidates may be commissioned without attending the Royal Military College; the plan

4173-476: The United Kingdom and in other countries of the British Empire . The earliest Canadian branch was formed in Toronto . Its warrant (Warrant No. 5) is dated December 10, 1895, and currently hangs in the Navy League of Canada 's National Office. At that time, Canadian branches supported a cadet program called the Boys’ Naval Brigades, aimed at encouraging young men to consider a seafaring career and provide basic training in citizenship and seamanship . With

4280-439: The United States , the Army Cadet Force in the United Kingdom and the Australian Army Cadets in Australia . Along with the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets and Royal Canadian Air Cadets, the Royal Canadian Army Cadets are a part of the Canadian Cadet Organizations . The Royal Canadian Army Cadets and other cadet branches are generally administered by the Reserve Force of the Canadian Armed Forces and are federally funded through

4387-436: The sovereign's colour ) for the Navy has been consecrated and presented four times: in 1939 by King George VI in Esquimalt, in 1959 by Queen Elizabeth II in Halifax , in 1979 by Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother in Halifax and in 2009 by the Governor General and Commander-in-Chief Michaëlle Jean in Halifax. The colour used by the RCN between 1927 and 1936 was never actually presented but went straight into service in both

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4494-489: The "Royal Canadian Air Force," and Land Force Command the "Canadian Army." As of August 2015, with the loss of area air defence and (temporarily) resupply capabilities, the RCN was then classified as a Rank 5 navy (offshore regional coastal defence) on the Todd-Lindberg navy classification system of naval strength, dropping from Rank 3 (multiregional power projection) in 2005. The RCN is headquartered at National Defence Headquarters (NDHQ) in Ottawa , Ontario. Since 1968,

4601-479: The 125th anniversary of the Royal Canadian Army Cadets. The Army Cadet League of Canada issued a 125th Anniversary pin to be worn by all 25,000+ army cadets across the country at the time. Canada Post honoured the cadets with a stamp which was unveiled in Ottawa in March 2004. Many parades honouring the century-and-a-quarter of cadets occurred across Canada: there were Freedom of the City parades in Vernon, Oromocto and Calgary as well as other major cities and towns across

4708-485: The Atlantic and Pacific commands. Two identical colours were presented, one for the Atlantic fleet and one for the Pacific fleet, in 1926, 1939 and 1959, but only one colour was presented in 1979 and 2009. This colour is maintained in RCN Headquarters in Ottawa and dispatched to ceremonies whenever it is needed. The current colours consist of a ceremonial standard with the Maple Leaf flag in the top left canton , Elizabeth II's personal Commonwealth cypher (a capital E on

4815-420: The CIC, but also including other branches of the CF, as well as Civilian Instructors and senior cadets selected for employment as staff cadets. Sea Cadet STCs are commanded by a CIC officer of the rank of commander . Staff cadets are employed at the ranks of Petty Officer Second Class through Chief Petty Officer First Class, with a CPO1 being appointed as Cadet Cox'n. Staff cadets are paid at a daily fixed rate for

4922-417: The Cadet Instructors Cadre (CIC) Branch of the Canadian Armed Forces, Civilian Instructors (CI), Civilian Volunteers (CV), volunteer Regular/ Primary Reserve Force members, and cadets. The entirety of a given corps organizes itself as a ship's company, employing the naval divisional system . Under this system, cadets become members of a division under a cadet petty officer (Divisional Petty Officer or DPO) and

5029-444: The Cadet Organization. In 1910, Sir Donald Alexander Smith , Lord Strathcona, the Canadian High Commissioner to Britain, created a trust with the Dominion Government with a sum of $ 500,000, with the aim of inspiring citizenship and patriotism. through physical training, rifle shooting, and military drill. He is remembered today with the Lord Strathcona Medal , which is awarded to a cadet in each corps and squadron who best exemplifies

5136-406: The Canadian Forces in 1968 was the first time that a nation with a modern military combined its formerly separate naval, land and air elements into a single service. HMCS Bonaventure was sold off in 1970, shortly after completing a 16-month, $ 11 million mid-life refit. The 1970s saw the addition of four Iroquois -class destroyers , which were later updated to air defence destroyers, and in

5243-462: The Canadian Forces receive a commission from the King of Canada as Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces . The commissioning scroll issued in recognition of the commission is signed by the Governor General of Canada as the King of Canada's representative and countersigned by the serving Minister of National Defence. Subordinate officers are promoted to acting sub-lieutenant upon receiving their commissions. Naval officers are trained at

5350-440: The Canadian Forces undergo basic training at the Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. Recruits then attend occupation-specific training at various locations across Canada. In August 2020, the term "seaman" was replaced with the gender-neutral term "sailor". The RCN was granted the right to use the King's Colour in 1925 by King George V . The Queen's or King's Colour (also referred to as

5457-501: The Canadian Forces. These vessels are not warships and do not carry the HMCS designation. Among the auxiliary ships operated by the navy are eight Orca -class patrol class training tenders, CFAV  Firebrand and five Glen-class harbour tugs. MV  Asterix is an interim replenishing vessel serving in the RCN with a mixed naval and civilian crew since January 2018 replacing contracted replenishment oilers until replacements can be commissioned. The Naval Large Tugboat project

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5564-403: The Cold War, the Navy developed an anti-submarine capability to counter the growing Soviet naval threat. In November 1956, HMCS Magnificent was chosen to transport men and supplies to Egypt as part of Canada's response to the Suez Crisis . In preparation for use as a transport, the ship's weapons were stripped, and her complement was reduced to 600 personnel. The initial plan was to embark

5671-448: The Department of National Defence. Additionally, the program is run in partnership with the civilian Army Cadet League of Canada, which provides supervision of the local corps and squadron sponsors which support the program at the community level. The Army Cadet League of Canada ensures financial, accommodations and transportation support for programs and services not provided by the Department of National Defence. Cadets are not members of

5778-431: The Highland Cadet Corps was formed at the Guelph Grammar School at Guelph in 1882, an all-female cadet company called the Daughters of the Regiment were started. The Canadian Army provided no support for training or uniforms for the all-female cadet company. In addition, females were prohibited from attending summer training at camps. On July 30, 1975, the Parliament of Canada amended the relevant legislation by changing

5885-400: The Militia was established by Special General Order Oct. 21, 1903. The appointment was 2nd Lieutenant and the officer was permitted to retain the rank only as long as he remained an instructor and the cadet corps remained efficient. This followed the High School Cadet Instructor's Certificate, established in 1898 through the Canadian Militia. On May 1, 1909 a cadre of commissioned officers, as

5992-423: The North American west and east coasts to deter the German naval threat, with a seventh ship, HMCS Shearwater , joining the force in 1915. Just before the end of the war in 1918, the Royal Canadian Naval Air Service was established with the purpose of carrying out anti-submarine operations; however, it was disbanded after the armistice of 11 November. After the war, the RCN took over certain responsibilities of

6099-465: The Pacific Fleet is responsible for Canada's exclusive economic zone on the West Coast and Canada's area of responsibility in the Pacific Ocean and the western Arctic Ocean. Fleet Maintenance Facility Cape Breton provides repair and maintenance services to the Pacific Fleet. The Royal Canadian Air Force's 443 Maritime Helicopter Squadron , based at Patricia Bay Heliport but under the control of 12 Wing Shearwater, provides shipborne helicopter support for

6206-511: The Pacific Fleet, while 19 Wing Comox provides fixed-wing maritime air support for MARPAC through 407 Long Range Patrol Squadron . Other Pacific Fleet facilities are CFAD Rocky Point, an ammunition depot, and Naval Radio Section Aldergrove . The Canadian Forces Naval Reserve is the Primary Reserve component of the RCN. The primary mission of the NAVRES is to force generate sailors and teams for CAF operations, including: domestic safety operations as well as security and defence missions, while at

6313-417: The Queen's death there will eventually a new Colour when a subsequent monarch chooses to bestow one, but there is no regulation that causes the monarch's Colour to automatically change upon their death. The RCN's retired colours are laid up at Beechwood Cemetery in Ottawa. The first badge of the Royal Canadian Navy was approved on 31 March 1944. The original design included nine maple leaves, representing

6420-462: The RCN has been an environmental command of the Canadian Armed Forces and since 2012 it has been charged with maintaining and generating forces for the Canadian Joint Operations Command . The RCN's Atlantic Fleet, known as Canadian Fleet Atlantic is co-located with Maritime Forces Atlantic (MARLANT), with headquarters at CFB Halifax in Halifax , Nova Scotia. It is supported by CFS St. John's in Newfoundland . Attached to MARLANT and CFB Halifax

6527-598: The RCN have pay grades ranging from OR-1 to OR-9. OR-9 (chief petty officer 1st class), OR-8 (chief petty officers 2nd class) and OR-7 (petty officer 1st class) are known as petty officers , and OR-6 (petty officer 2nd class, referred to as senior non-commissioned officer) form the senior cadre of the non-commissioned members of the military. OR-5 (master sailor) and OR-4 (sailor first class) are referred to as junior non-commissioned officers, while OR-3 (sailor second class) and OR-2 (sailor third class) are referred to as junior ranks. All Regular Force non-commissioned members of

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6634-408: The RCN, Royal Canadian Air Force and Canadian Army were amalgamated to form the Canadian Forces . This process was overseen by then–defence minister Paul Hellyer . The controversial merger resulted in the abolition of the RCN as a separate legal entity. All personnel, ships, and aircraft became part of Maritime Command (MARCOM), an element of the Canadian Armed Forces. The traditional naval uniform

6741-422: The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) in 2018 and conducts anti-submarine warfare (ASW), surveillance, and search and rescue missions from Royal Canadian Navy frigates. In addition, 18 CP-140 Aurora fixed-wing aircraft for land-based anti-submarine warfare and area surveillance (of which 14 are being modernized and retained for active operations), for land-based maritime surveillance. The RCN has some ships assigned with

6848-419: The Royal Canadian Sea, Army, and Air Cadet training programs, and like all reservists, they come from all walks of life and all parts of the community. Some are former cadets, and many have former regular or reserve force service. The aim of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets is to develop in youth the attributes of good citizenship and leadership ; promote physical fitness , and stimulate the interest of youth in

6955-430: The Second World War. After 1945, quotas were imposed, which ended up reducing Canada's total cadet membership to approximately 75,000 members. Many of the closed corps, those with membership restricted to boys in one particular school, were disbanded; some of them became open corps, training in Militia armouries or in Legion halls; others acquired their own buildings. The Korean War stimulated growth among open corps in

7062-525: The Star Level training, the Star programs are identified as follows: Selected Army Cadets can attend summer training at locations across Canada. The training supports and expands the local headquarters program. Green Star and Red Star cadets attend the Cadet Activity Program (CAP), but Silver Stars, Gold Stars, and Master Cadets attend training courses at Cadet Training Centres (CTC) across the country. CTC courses can last from two to seven weeks. Experienced cadets may apply to be employed as staff cadets to assist

7169-479: The Wrenette Corps largely redundant. As a result, the Wrenette program steadily declined until it was disbanded in 1997. At the Royal Military College of Canada , outside Currie Hall in Kingston, Ontario , stained glass windows relate to the history of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets. In 1995, the Navy League of Canada celebrated its 100th anniversary. The League promotes the same subjects today, as at its founding: knowledge of, and support for, maritime interests. On

7276-731: The adult instructors at CTCs or CAP. Summer Training Courses are as follows (excluding: Royal Canadian Navy The Royal Canadian Navy ( RCN ; French: Marine royale canadienne , MRC ) is the naval force of Canada . The navy is one of three environmental commands within the Canadian Armed Forces . As of February 2024, the RCN operates 12 Halifax -class frigates , 12 Kingston -class coastal defence vessels , 4 Victoria -class submarines , 4 Harry DeWolf -class offshore patrol vessels , 8 Orca -class patrol vessels , and several auxiliary vessels. The RCN consists of 8,400 Regular Force and 4,100 Primary Reserve sailors, supported by 3,800 civilians. Vice-Admiral Angus Topshee

7383-460: The advice of Divisional Officers and unit training staff. As a note, the official phrasing for the Petty Officer and Chief Petty Officer ranks is "Petty Officer Cadet First (or Second) Class," and "Chief Petty Officer Cadet First (or Second) Class." However, outside of Cadet Administrative and Training Orders (CATO), and Queen's Regulations and Orders (Cadets) (QR&O(Cdt)), custom omits "Cadet" in casual reference. Thus, Petty Officer First Class

7490-456: The age of twenty five. These service records may be very helpful as a reference for future military service. In keeping with Commonwealth custom, the Royal Canadian Army Cadets stand second in the order of precedence, after the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets and before the Royal Canadian Air Cadets. Youths of any country of origin, nationality and citizenship can join the Royal Canadian Army Cadets, provided that they are 12 to 18 years of age. There

7597-399: The attributes of good citizenship and leadership; promote physical fitness; and stimulate the interest of youth in the sea, land, and air activities of the Canadian Forces." The Royal Canadian Army Cadets shares this aim with the Sea and Air Cadets; however, each focuses on its own element. The badge of the Royal Canadian Army Cadets is the official emblem of the Royal Canadian Army Cadets. It

7704-418: The branch received a new badge. This badge included a flying eagle along with the anchor, representing the air arm of the navy. It also included a motto, 'Ready Aye Ready'. Although the new motto replaced the original "Fear God. Honour the Queen" which may have been considered outdated, the new motto was lifted directly from the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets, who, along with British Sea Cadets, also continue to use

7811-443: The cancellation of the uniform grant for army cadets in 1931. The instructional grant for 12 and 13 year olds was additionally cancelled in 1934. In Alberta , only a couple of corps functioned beyond 1934. The beginning of the Second World War brought a renewed public interest in cadet training. Many cadet corps were raised in high schools across the country. In 1942, in recognition of the significant contribution of former cadets to

7918-551: The coast of Somalia . Following the Official Languages Act enshrinement in 1969, MARCOM instituted the French Language Unit, which constituted a francophone unit with the navy. The first was HMCS  Ottawa . In the 1980s and 1990s, women were also accepted into the fleet, with the submarine service the last to allow them, beginning in 2001. Some of the changes that had taken place during

8025-662: The country. Together with the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets and Royal Canadian Air Cadets , it forms the largest federally funded youth program which is known as the Canadian Cadet Organization. Members of the Royal Canadian Army Cadets are encouraged to become active and responsible members of their communities. The Royal Canadian Army Cadets are the rough equivalent to the Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps in

8132-618: The country. The original Royal Banner was laid up in Vernon during the final battalion parade on August 19 at the Army Cadet Summer Training Centre, and the new Royal Banner was paraded in front of 1,500 cadets and 2,000 members of the audience. In the cadet program there are several optional training programs which consist of: This optional training is an extension of the mandatory training that cadets receive within their individual corps. The Star Level Program

8239-528: The current RCN structure is OF-8, a vice-admiral who is the Commander of the Royal Canadian Navy and Chief of the Naval Staff. OF-6 (commodore) to OF-9 (admiral) are referred to as flag officers , OF-3 (lieutenant-commander) to OF-5 (captain (N)) are referred to as senior officers , while OF-2 (lieutenant (N)) and OF-1 (sub-lieutenant) are referred to as junior officers . Naval cadets are referred to as subordinate officers . All except subordinate officers of

8346-472: The direction of a CIC officer but can also be operated by a Civilian Instructor, possibly with an assistant adult staff member, and a senior cadet. Units may also house teams such as Range (Marksmanship/Biathlon), Band, and Drill.Larger units may have dedicated staff for each of the teams. Units generally adhere to the school schedule, meeting weekly for mandatory training, and carrying out additional training on weekends and other weeknights. The primary meeting

8453-493: The duration of their time as a Staff Cadet. Sea Cadet CTCs are commissioned as " stone frigates ," which is to say, naval shore establishments granted much the same standing as a seagoing unit. Additionally, cadets may apply for a number of tri-service courses hosted by other training centres. The Canadian Cadet Movement maintains its own Honours and Awards system. Cadets may be awarded these based on many criteria including bravery, citizenship, service, outstanding performance on

8560-609: The early 1950s. Many school corps moved to armouries and drill halls. Regular Force members, many who had served in Korea staffed the Area Cadet Offices that managed the corps and the summer camps. Following the unification of the Canadian Forces in 1968, a number of changes occurred in the Army Cadet world: Females were unofficial participants in cadet training almost from the very beginning of cadets. Shortly after

8667-439: The field jacket Winter Accoutrements (for wear with any order of dress in cold weather): These orders of dress are only used on particular occasions, or by cadets in a Highland pipes and drums band. Order of Dress C1 (Traditional Dress): Order of Dress C1H (Highland Dress): Order of Dress C1H (same code): As above, without tunic. The first Admiral of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets was George VI , King of Canada , assuming

8774-492: The following nine honours and awards, and are in the order of precedence: Fair Jeanne , built by Captain (N) Thomas G. Fuller , does fall and spring youth sail training group trips on the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway for organizations such as the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets, Girl Guides of Canada , corporate groups and for people who are working towards The Duke of Edinburgh's Awards . The Sea Cadets have used

8881-533: The formation of the Canadian Naval Service in May 1910, the organisation was renamed from "Boys’ Naval Brigade" to "Navy League Sea Cadets," to permit closer liaison with the Navy. In 1942, King George VI graciously consented to be Admiral of the Navy League's Sea Cadets, and granted the "Royal" prefix, causing another name change, to the current "Royal Canadian Sea Cadets." Queen Elizabeth continued this Royal patronage and named His Royal Highness

8988-679: The late 1980s and 1990s the construction of twelve Halifax -class frigates and the purchase of the Victoria -class submarines . In 1990, Canada deployed three warships to support Operation Friction . Later in the decade, ships were deployed to patrol the Adriatic Sea during the Yugoslav Wars and the Kosovo War . More recently, Maritime Command provided vessels to serve as a part of Operation Apollo and to combat piracy off

9095-587: The medal’s edge and the “Fenian Raid 1866” bar on its red and white striped ribbon. Trinity College Volunteer Rifle Company was formed on June 1, 1861 in Port Hope, Ontario . Bishop’s College Drill Association was formed in Lennoxville, Quebec , on December 6, 1861. Another 14 of the early "Drill Associations" or "Rifle Companies" stood up in Ontario and Quebec. Canada's oldest continuously-active cadet corps

9202-469: The need arise, could be placed under British control. The bill received Royal Assent on 4 May 1910. Initially equipped with two former Royal Navy vessels, HMCS Niobe and HMCS Rainbow , King George V granted permission for the service to be known as the Royal Canadian Navy on 29 August 1911. During the first years of the First World War , the RCN's six-vessel naval force patrolled both

9309-584: The ongoing war effort, His Majesty King George VI granted the "Royal" prefix to the Canadian Army Cadets, giving it the title of the Royal Canadian Army Cadets. The Royal prefix was also afforded Sea at the same time. Air cadets were given the Royal prefix in 1953 by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II . It is estimated that nearly 230,000 former army cadets served in His Majesty's forces during

9416-607: The order of precedence, before the Army Cadets and Air Cadets. This is in keeping with the Royal Navy 's status as the Senior Service, a tradition common to most Commonwealth navies. An inclusive program, youth aged 12 to 18 may join the RCSCC. There is no enrollment fee, and uniforms are loaned at no charge. The organization and rank system is similar to that of the Royal Canadian Navy . Adult leadership

9523-560: The qualities of being a cadet. Approximately 40,000 former cadets served in His Majesty's forces during the First World War. By the end of the war, there were approximately 64,000 boys enrolled in army cadet corps across Canada. During the twenty years following the First World War, cadet training came to a standstill. Many corps survived these hard times, but the Great Depression and the lack of public interest caused

9630-635: The regiment marched to Ridgeway to confront the Fenian invaders, the UCC Rifle Company guarded the port, armouries and government buildings of Toronto. For this deed, the student company proudly carried the battle honour “FENIAN RAID 1865-66” on its drums and colours from that day forward. Students in the battalion who stood guard also were entitled to receive the Canadian General Service Medal, with their names inscribed on

9737-566: The role in 1942, when the Navy League Sea Cadets became the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets. Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh , as a member of the Canadian Royal Family , was appointed Admiral of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets in 1953. Royal Canadian Army Cadets The Royal Canadian Army Cadets ( RCAC ; French : Cadets royaux de l’Armée canadienne ) is a national Canadian youth program sponsored by

9844-727: The same motto. Following the reinstatement of the Royal Canadian Navy name in 2011, a new badge was approved in 2016. The current badge of the Royal Canadian Navy consists of: The history of RCN is preserved and presented at the Maritime Command Museum in Halifax , the Canadian War Museum , the Naval Museum of Alberta , the Naval Museum of Manitoba , the naval museums at Naval Reserve Headquarters in Quebec City and at CFB Esquimalt as well as

9951-536: The same time supporting the Navy's efforts in connecting with Canadians through the maintenance of a broad national presence. The RCN operates twelve frigates, four patrol submarines, four Arctic and offshore patrol ships, twelve coastal-defence vessels and eight unarmed patrol/training vessels. The surface ships, which carry the designation His Majesty's Canadian Ship (HMCS), consist of twelve Halifax -class multi-role patrol frigates, twelve Kingston -class coastal defence vessels and four offshore patrol vessels of

10058-537: The sea, land and air activities of the Canadian Forces . The RCSC shares this aim with the Army and Air Cadets; however, each discipline focuses on its own parent element. In 1895, due to concern over the Royal Navy 's ability to provide adequate naval defence, concerned citizens formed the Navy League, to promote interest in the problems of maritime trade and defence. The League formed local branches throughout

10165-485: The second senior cadet in the unit), to the cadet coxswain (cox'n, the senior cadet in a unit). The chain stops at the level able to deal with a concern – for example, a cadet's request for a new item of uniform might result in the DivO giving approval, and directing the cadet to visit Stores. Sea Cadet Units also house key departments such as Training, Administration, and Supply. These departments are normally operated under

10272-409: The teams below: Cadet Training Centres (CTC), provide additional training intended to support or complement that offered at the home unit from September to June. Across the board, cadets applying for summer training must have 75% attendance over the training year, as well as meeting certain course prerequisites. Cadet Training Centers are staffed by members of the Canadian Forces, primarily members of

10379-629: The term "cadet corps" is debatable, as some believe it was first used in 1898, in Ontario, bundled in a provision that the corps' instructors would be members of the local school teaching staff, and not from the local militia unit. Increased support, motivated in part by the Northwest Campaign during the Riel Rebellion of 1885, allowed improved issue of uniforms, weapons and other equipment to schools providing military training. The first authority for cadet instructors to hold rank in

10486-571: The then nine provinces of Canada, and a Tudor Crown . After Newfoundland joined Canada in 1949, an updated design was approved on 17 July 1952, which had ten maple leaves. On 26 March 1956, St. Edward's Crown replaced the Tudor Crown. This badge remained in use until the unification of the Canadian Armed Forces on 1 February 1968. When the Royal Canadian Navy became the Canadian Forces Maritime Command in 1968,

10593-653: The tie is worn, the lanyard is not worn. This is very rarely worn. Order of Dress C3A (Service Dress): C1A, but ribbons replace medals. Order of Dress C3B (Service Dress): C3A, minus the tunic Order of Dress C3E (Service Dress): C3A, but black undershirt replace the short sleeve shirt. Order of Dress C5 (Sea Training Uniform or STU): Order of Dress C5A (STU): C5, minus the Postman's blue shirt. Order of Dress C5E (Sports Dress) (May be issued kit or personal): Order of Dress C5B (Field Training Dress or Combats) Order of Dress C5C (Field Training Dress or Combats): C5B minus

10700-468: The unification of the forces began to be undone. In 1985, MARCOM received new black uniforms, differentiating them from the land-based forces. By 1990, the three senior naval officers of MARCOM had recreated the Naval Board. On 16 August 2011, the government restored the historic names of the Canadian Forces' three environmental commands: Maritime Command became the "Royal Canadian Navy", Air Command

10807-596: The war ended. Postwar budget cuts meant that Canada could only afford to operate one aircraft carrier, instead of two as originally planned. The RCN operated HMS  Warrior from 1946 to 1948, before exchanging it with the Royal Navy for the slightly larger HMCS  Magnificent . From 1950 to 1955, during and after the Korean War , Canadian destroyers maintained a presence off of the Korean peninsula, engaging in shore bombardments and maritime interdiction. During

10914-545: The word "boys" to "persons", therefore permitting females to become members of the Royal Canadian Army Cadets. Therefore, females became full participants in the cadet branch. The biggest change was during the summer training program: what had been for many decades an exclusively male environment changed dramatically at local corps and at Army Cadet Summer Training Centres. Today, males and females are given equality of opportunity as it relates to participating in any and all Royal Canadian Army Cadet corps-level functions. 2004 marked

11021-658: Was better suited for jet aircraft. She flew the McDonnell F2H Banshee fighter jet until 1962, as well as various other anti-submarine aircraft until her decommissioning. In the 1960s, the RCN retired most of its Second World War vessels, and further developed its anti-submarine warfare capabilities by acquiring the Sikorsky CH-124 Sea King , and successfully pioneered the use of large maritime helicopters on small surface vessels. From 1964 through 1968, under Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson ,

11128-706: Was designated as the Cadet Instructors List, a sub-component of the Reserve Force of the Canadian Armed Forces. In July 1994, it was re-named to the Cadet Instructor Cadre . In 2009, the Reserve Force sub-component was re-named to the Cadet Organization Administration and Training Service and includes the CIC Branch and former members of the Primary Reserve and Regular Force who retain their previous branch affiliation while serving

11235-487: Was eliminated and all naval personnel were required to wear the new Canadian Armed Forces rifle green uniform, adopted also by former Royal Canadian Air Force and Canadian Army personnel. Ship-borne aircraft continued to be under the command of MARCOM, while shore-based patrol aircraft of the former Royal Canadian Air Force were transferred to MARCOM. In 1975 Air Command was formed and all maritime aircraft were transferred to Air Command's Maritime Air Group. The unification of

11342-771: Was limited to men between the ages of 13 and 60. The drill was not only a parade square and discipline exercise, but a skill that was necessary for the defence of the Colony. The American Civil War and the threat of the Fenian Raids motivated their creation in Canada East and Canada West. In 1866, when the Fenians threatened Ontario, the Upper Canada College Rifle Company was called to active service, along with its parent regiment. While

11449-659: Was restored. The RCN has served in the First and Second World Wars , the Korean War , the Persian Gulf War , Afghanistan , and numerous United Nations peacekeeping missions and NATO operations. Established following the introduction of the Naval Service Act by Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier , the Naval Service of Canada (NSC) was intended as a distinct naval force for Canada, that, should

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