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37-660: The term " fencible " is derived from defensible , and was used to describe regiments raised during the 1750s and 1760s (for the Seven Years' War ), 1770s (for the American War of Independence ), and the 1790s and onwards (for the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars). Unlike regular British line regiments which could be posted anywhere, fencible regiments were raised for local defence and garrison duties and usually under their conditions for enlistment

74-549: A large suburban area to the north of downtown Auckland; linked to the rest of the greater Auckland metropolitan area by two harbour bridges - the Auckland Harbour Bridge crosses the inner Waitemata Harbour to Auckland City , while the Upper Harbour Bridge provided a connection to Waitakere City across the northern stretches of the harbour. The administrative area of North Shore City Council

111-647: A larger Auckland authority. Williams voiced strong opposition to Transit New Zealand 's delays regarding bus lanes. He was a proponent of the $ 300 million joint busway venture. While the Auckland Regional Council had power to impose property tax rates on suburban areas such as North Shore City, local residents voiced strong opposition. There was a pattern of conflict between local authorities and Auckland city officials regarding many matters, such as transportation, land purchases and decay of wharf facilities. The issue of whether Auckland should be

148-630: A second Maori force led by Ngāpuhi chief Eruera Patuone who was given 110 acres (45 ha) at Waiwharariki , north of the Waitemata Harbour . He was under the control of a British officer. During the 1863 Invasion of the Waikato about 75 military pensioners and their sons served in the Auckland Militia to defend Auckland. Fencible The Fencibles (from the word defencible ) were British regiments raised in

185-492: A single city, or a collection of autonomous cities, was a subject of debate. Between 1989 and 2010, North Shore City had five mayors. The mayor was directly elected using a first-past-the-post electoral system. The councillors were elected from three wards: Northern, Harbour and Central. The elections were held every three years. The following persons served as mayor of North Shore City: North Shore City formerly contributed over 6% of New Zealand's GDP . The city also topped

222-686: The Sir George Seymour in November 1847. After seven years, the cottage and land would become their own property in exchange for the pensioner attending military exercises twelve days a year. Ten ships brought 721 pensioner soldiers and their families, totalling over 2,500 people, between the years 1847 and 1852. The ships were the Ramillies , Minerva , Sir Robert Sale , Sir George Seymour , Clifton , Ann , Berhampore , Oriental Queen , Inchannan and Berwick Castle . The average age of

259-433: The 1989 New Zealand local government reforms . North Shore City was amalgamated into Auckland Council in November 2010. The city was run by the 15-member North Shore City Council and mayor, democratically elected every three years using the first-past-the-post voting system. The last mayor was Andrew Williams . The mayor was a strong critic of the 'Super City' proposals, which would see North Shore City amalgamated into

296-761: The Rebellion of 1798 where they fought in some pitched battles. The 3rd Argyllshire Regiment , who like some other fencible regiments had terms of service that extended to any part of Europe, garrisoned Gibraltar (as did Banffshire Fencibles , 2nd Argyllshire Fencibles , and the Prince of Wales Own Fencibles ) The Dumbarton Fencibles Regiment was raised in Scotland, garrisoned Guernsey , fought in Ireland, and detachment escorted prisoners to Prussia. The Ancient Irish Fencibles were sent to Egypt where they took part in

333-905: The Royal 22nd Regiment ), the Royal Newfoundland Fencibles (perpetuated by the Royal Newfoundland Regiment ), and the New Brunswick Regiment of Fencible Infantry (perpetuated by the Royal New Brunswick Regiment ). The Glengarry Light Infantry Fencibles (perpetuated by the Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders ) was formed in February 1812, several months prior to the war. In addition to these Canadian units,

370-642: The Royal Malta Fencible Artillery until 1881. The term 'Fencible' was dropped in 1889 and it became the Royal Malta Artillery . In 1847 the Royal New Zealand Fencible Corps were raised and sent to New Zealand for the defence of the early settlers there. They were settled in four new outlying villages around Auckland, (then the capital), at Onehunga , Otahuhu , Panmure , and Howick ,

407-689: The Royal Manx Fencibles (third corps, 1803–1811) no more fencible regiments were raised for home defence. In the early years of the 19th Century, regiments of Fencibles were raised in the Canadas , New Brunswick , Newfoundland , and Nova Scotia. The regiments were liable for service in North America only (although the New Brunswick Fencibles volunteered for general service and became the 104th Regiment of Foot in

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444-774: The Sea Fencibles (raised in 1798 and disbanded in 1810). By the Peace of Amiens in 1802, all Fencible Regiments had been disbanded and those members willing to continue serving had been transferred to regular army regiments. When the Napoleonic Wars resumed the British used alternative methods to defend the Home Nations (see for example the Additional Forces Acts 1803 ) and with the exception of

481-455: The Thames and other southern English towns and cities, as well as Sea Fencibles , who, among their other duties, crewed small commercial vessels converted to coastal defence. The first regiments were raised in Scotland in 1759. In England county militia regiments were raised for internal defence in the absence of the regular army; but it was not deemed prudent to extend the system to Scotland,

518-836: The United Kingdom , Isle of Man and in the colonies for defence against the threat of invasion during the Seven Years' War , the American War of Independence , the French Revolutionary Wars , the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812 in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Usually temporary units, composed of local recruits and commanded by Regular Army officers, they were most often confined to garrison and patrol duties, freeing Regular Army units to perform offensive operations. Most fencible regiments had no liability for overseas service. They included naval forces known as "River Fencibles", made up of sailors on

555-489: The United Kingdom . Many were Irishmen who had served in the British army but for whom life in Ireland was desperate due to the series of potato famines that regularly occurred throughout the 1840s. For married Irish soldiers the food, pay, offer of land and a cottage in New Zealand was a chance for a new life. The pay was 6 pence to 1 shilling and 3 pence a day in addition to their pension. The Commandant ( Major Kenny )

592-624: The 1860s onwards, pooling local residents' resources to improve infrastructure. In 1876, the Waitemata County was established across the North Shore and West Auckland after the abolition of the Auckland Province , and was one of the largest counties created in New Zealand. Between 1886 and 1954, areas of the North Shore voted to become independent areas separate from the county, establishing boroughs. The first of these

629-576: The 2006 census , the median income for North Shore residents over 15 years was $ 29,100, compared with a national average of $ 24,400. The racial makeup of the city was 67.5% European , 18.5% Asian , 6.3% Māori , 3.4% Pacific Islander , and 1.8% from the Middle East, Africa or Latin America. Just under 10% gave their ethnicity as "New Zealander", with most of this group having identified itself as European in former Census surveys. North Shore City

666-525: The Fencibles were to be raised by the ordinary mode of recruiting, and like the regiments of the line, the officers were to be appointed, and their commissions signed by the king. Most fencible regiments had no liability for overseas service however there were exceptions. Ireland while not united with the Kingdom of Great Britain until 1801 was the destination for several British fencible regiments during

703-528: The Michigan Fencibles, a small unit of 45 troops, was raised at Fort Mackinac in 1813. The Bombay Fencibles were raised in 1799 by the following order of the Bombay Army: "A regiment consisting of two battalions of natives to be, under the denomination of the 'Bombay fencibles,' raised from the inhabitants of Bombay, Salsette, and Caranjah, on condition of not being liable to serve out of

740-443: The fencible settlements. The material used for road building was scoria from volcanic cones at Pigeon Mountain (then called Pigeon Tree Hill), Mount Richmond , and Mount Wellington . They were first called to action in 1851 when a large party of about 350–450 Ngāti Pāoa from the Thames and Waiheke Island areas arrived at Auckland's Mechanics Bay in about 20 waka to attack the city. A British regiment at Albert Park Barracks

777-463: The former Rodney District). Prior to being merged into Auckland Council in 2010, North Shore City was divided into three wards, with each of them dividing into two community boards for a total of six within the city; with each of them further consisting of the following populated places (i.e.: suburbs, towns, localities, settlements, communities, hamlets, etc.): The North Shore was first administered by highway districts, which operated from

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814-416: The fourth most populous city in New Zealand prior to the 2010 reorganisation. It was the country's fourth largest city in land, with an area of 129.81 square kilometres (50.12 sq mi) and a coastline of 141 kilometres (88 mi). It was the most densely populated city in the country, because most of its area was urban or suburban in nature, unlike other New Zealand cities. The North Shore comprised

851-558: The inhabitants of which, it was supposed, could not yet be safely entrusted with arms because of The 'Fifteen' and The 'Forty-Five' rebellions . Groundless as the reasons for this caution undoubtedly were in regard to the Lowlands, it would certainly have been hazardous at a time when the Stuarts and their adherents were still plotting a restoration to have armed the clans . Unlike the militia regiments which were raised by ballot,

888-616: The largest of the four. About 75 fencibles and their sons took part as militia in the 1860s New Zealand Wars . Attribution: North Shore City North Shore City was a territorial authority unit in the Auckland Region of New Zealand that was governed by the North Shore City Council. It existed from 1989 until November 2010, when the council was incorporated into Auckland Council . It had an estimated population of 229,000 at 30 June 2010, making it

925-542: The men of a fencible corps could not be posted to other theatres. The conditions for enlistment in the New Zealand Fencible were that soldiers of good character must have had 15 years of military service and have been under 48 years of age. Nearly all those recruited had extensive military action in India and Afghanistan. Most were married with several children. The conditions were posted at regiments throughout

962-514: The men was about 40. They settled in Howick , Onehunga , Otahuhu and Panmure . At Howick a redoubt was built on Stockade Hill , a prominent hill at the north end of the village's main street. The position, with its associated earthworks, is still there. In the 1849 census, one-third of Auckland's population were fencibles. About half were Anglican and half Catholic. Apart from working on their own plots, most men were engaged in building roads between

999-761: The nation's growth rates for numbers of businesses, growing 29.3% between 1998 and 2002. Areas of the North Shore City boasted some of the most expensive real estate in New Zealand. The stretch of coast that runs North from Takapuna Beach to Milford, often referred to as the "Golden Mile", had many properties there have sold for several million dollars (NZ$ ) particularly because of the beaches, Lake Pupuke , popular schools and shopping centres. In 2005, one beachfront property sold for $ 12.8 million. Rents in North Shore City, as well as property prices, are high in relative terms, with average weekly rents (in 2002) of $ 243 versus $ 237 for Wellington and $ 236 for Auckland. In

1036-496: The operations against the French in 1801. Fencible regiments tended to be less effective than regular troops for military duties; with problems of lack of education and vulnerability to disease. In Ireland, fencibles would take part in inter-regimental brawls and attacks on regular army soldiers. Some regiments of fencibles, however, were noted for exceptional service. The Scottish Highlands supplied fencible regiments for most of

1073-712: The regular army). All but one of these regiments saw action in the War of 1812 . The regiments were disbanded in 1816 and 1817, after the War of 1812. Although the units were disbanded, several regiments in Canada continue to perpetuate their historic lineage. Most of the Fencible regiments were formed in 1803, including the Nova Scotia Fencibles , the Canadian Regiment of Fencible Infantry (perpetuated by

1110-617: The said bounds; at the * pay to each private of 5 rupees 2 quarters per month, besides clothing: which last they will receive from the honorable company ". The 5th battalion of the Maratha Light Infantry was raised in December 1800 from the Bombay Fencibles as the 1st Battalion, the 9th Regiment of Bombay Native Infantry. The Royal Malta Fencible Regiment was in existence from 1815 to 1861 when it became

1147-780: The second half of the 18th century. The first regiment raised was the Argyle Fencibles in 1759 and the last was the MacLeod Fencibles in 1779. In all over 20 regiments were created, although they were not all in existence at the same time. Some Highland fencibles regiments saw action in the Irish Rebellion of 1798 , while other performed garrison and policing duties in Britain, Ireland, the Channel Islands and Gibraltar. The Royal Fencible Americans

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1184-541: Was Devonport in 1886, soon followed by Birkenhead in 1888. Northcote was declared a borough in 1908, and Takapuna in 1913. The final borough that split from the Waitemata County was East Coast Bays in 1954. On 1 August 1974, the Waitemata County was dissolved, leading to Glenfield, Albany and Long Bay being incorporated into Takapuna City . In 1989, Devonport, Birkenhead, Northcote, Takapuna and East Coast Bays amalgamated to form North Shore City in

1221-579: Was a Loyalist unit raised by the British in Nova Scotia in 1775, that successfully withstood an attack by Patriot forces under Jonathan Eddy at the Battle of Fort Cumberland . Fencibles were raised for the entirety of the Irish Rebellion . Fencible units were raised in the United Kingdom and Isle of Man during the early years of the war. This included not only land regiments but also

1258-614: Was bounded by Rodney District to the north, Waitemata Harbour to the south and the Rangitoto Channel of the Hauraki Gulf to the east. The seat of the council was in Takapuna . Today, the entire area has been divided between four local boards of the amalgamated Auckland Council: Devonport-Takapuna , Kaipātiki , Upper Harbour (along with part of the former Waitakere City) and Hibiscus and Bays (along with part of

1295-540: Was called out to the hill overlooking the bay. It was reinforced by fencibles who had come from Onehunga, the closest fencible town. Fencibles at Howick and Panmure were stood to in case of further trouble. The frigate HMS Fly trained its guns on the Maori war party from offshore. The cause of the aggression was the arrest of a Ngāti Pāoa chief who had stolen a shift from a shop in Shortland Street. The situation

1332-399: Was defused when the attackers were given tobacco and blankets. Later Ngāti Pāoa sent a greenstone mere (club) to the governor. A group of 121 Ngāti Mahuta under the great Waikato chief Te Wherowhero were also brought to South Auckland to defend the capital. They were given land at Māngere in 1849. They supplied their own arms but had British officers. The North Shore was guarded by

1369-454: Was paid £300; each officer was given a house and 50 acres (20 ha) of land. The pensioners were to be provided with a prefabricated fencibles cottage of two rooms, on an acre of land. One of the few remaining cottages, albeit in an altered form, is on its original site at 34 Abercrombie St, Howick . This cottage was built with the help of Maori labour for Henry and Elizabeth Rowe and their surviving three children in 1848, after they arrived on

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