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105-523: The Rockefeller University is a private biomedical research and graduate-only university in New York City , New York . It focuses primarily on the biological and medical sciences and provides doctoral and postdoctoral education. It is classified as a "Special Focus – Research Institution". Rockefeller is the oldest biomedical research institute in the United States. The university

210-515: A " dollar a year " public service position. Although the mayor pointed out to the press that Rockefeller was only one of 60 interns in the city government, his working space was the vacant office of the deputy mayor. From 1941 to 1942, Rockefeller was assistant regional director of the United States Office of Defense, Health and Welfare Services. Rockefeller enlisted in the U.S. Army and entered Officer Candidate School in 1943. He

315-522: A "Western Hemisphere free trade area", which became the Free Trade Area of the Americas in a Miami summit in 1994. His and the council's chief liaison to President Bill Clinton in order to garner support for this initiative was through Clinton's chief of staff, Mack McLarty , whose consultancy firm Kissinger McLarty Associates is a corporate member of the council, while McLarty himself is on

420-835: A 40-foot-high, 90-foot round geodesic dome, was built in 1957 and hosts a variety of concert series and lectures. The completion of the Stavros Niarchos Foundation–David Rockefeller River Campus in 2019, built along the East River over FDR Drive , added two acres to Rockefeller's footprint. Rockefeller's campus houses a childcare center for researchers and other university employees. Graduate students are offered subsidized housing on campus and receive an annual stipend. Student groups include People at Rockefeller Identifying as Sexual/Gender Minorities (PRISM), Women in Science at Rockefeller (WISeR), and

525-583: A 60% increase since the establishment of HEC in 2002. The HEC digital library now provides access to over 20,000 leading research journals, covering about 75% of the world's peer-reviewed scientific journals. Until 1991, there were only two recognized private universities in Pakistan: Aga Khan University , established in 1983, and Lahore University of Management Sciences , established in 1985. By 1997, there were 10 private universities. From 2001–2002, this number had doubled to 20. Among

630-538: A century ideological extremists at either end of the political spectrum have seized upon well-publicized incidents such as my encounter with Castro to attack the Rockefeller family for the inordinate influence they claim we wield over American political and economic institutions. Some even believe we are part of a secret cabal working against the best interests of the United States, characterizing my family and me as 'internationalists' and of conspiring with others around

735-635: A distinction between free institutions (as in free from the State), which are recognized and funded by the Communities of Belgium (the State until 1990) and follow the same rules and laws as fully public universities, and fully private institutions, which are not recognized nor funded by the authorities, and thus do not issue valid degrees. Private ( free ) institutions are predominantly Catholic: UCLouvain , KU Leuven or Saint-Louis University, Brussels . On

840-444: A figure that was substantiated by a monograph on the family's overall benefactions, entitled The Chronicle of Philanthropy . He published Memoirs in 2002, the only time a member of the Rockefeller family has written an autobiography. Rockefeller was a noted internationalist . Rockefeller's will requires his estate, once assets are liquidated, to donate over $ 700 million to various non-profits, including Rockefeller University,

945-694: A fund-raising group based in Washington, Republicans Who Care, that supported moderate Republican candidates over more ideological contenders. Rockefeller was acquainted with Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) director Allen Dulles and his brother, Eisenhower administration Secretary of State John Foster Dulles —who was an in-law of the family —since his college years. It was in Rockefeller Center that Allen Dulles had set up his WWII operational center after Pearl Harbor , liaising closely with MI6 , which also had their principal U.S. operation in

1050-475: A gene that influences appetite and weight. Charles David Allis helped identify the first enzyme that modifies histones in 1996, providing early evidence that the DNA packaging material plays a crucial role in gene regulation . In 1998, Roderick MacKinnon ’s laboratory elucidated the structure and mechanism of a potassium channel , explaining how electrical signals are conveyed across cell membranes. Titia de Lange

1155-414: A number of commodities, such as coffee, sugar and metals. This position maintained relationships with more than 1,000 correspondent banks throughout the world. He served in other positions and became president in 1960. He was both the chairman and chief executive of Chase Manhattan from 1969 to 1980 and remained chairman until 1981. He was also, as recently as 1980, the single largest individual shareholder of

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1260-765: A private institution to be called " université ", and most of the universities in France are public. In France, grandes écoles are part of an alternative educational system that operates alongside the mainstream French public university system . Grandes écoles can be public , semi-private or private, but the most prestigious ones are public. These institutions operate mostly in engineering studies and business administration. The best-known semi-private grandes écoles are generally business, engineering, and humanities schools; they are generally managed by chambers of commerce and industry, with capital open to other private companies. Other grandes écoles are entirely private, but this

1365-461: A requirement for all foreign institutions endeavoring to operate businesses in the country. Almost all the private universities in Ghana focus on similar areas of academic study, including business administration, human resources, accounting, information technology, and related fields, which are offered by universities like Ashesi , Regent , Valley View , and Ghana Telecom , among others. In addition,

1470-430: A treatment that prevents people from developing severe disease. Jean-Laurent Casanova identified genetic mutations that are responsible for a subset of unexpectedly severe cases of COVID-19. Founder's Hall was the first building on Rockefeller's campus, built between 1903 and 1906. It housed the nation's first major biomedical research laboratory and was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1974. Caspary Auditorium,

1575-837: A year at the London School of Economics (LSE) under Friedrich von Hayek . He once dated Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of Hartington . During his time abroad, Rockefeller briefly worked in the London branch of what was to become the Chase Manhattan Bank . After returning to the United States to complete his graduate studies, he received a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Chicago in 1940. After completing his studies in Chicago, he became secretary to New York Mayor Fiorello La Guardia for eighteen months in

1680-483: Is a separate entity, but had close connections mediated by prominent figures holding dual positions. The first director of laboratories was Simon Flexner , who supervised the development of research capacity at the institute, whose staff made major discoveries in basic research and medicine. While a student at Johns Hopkins University , Flexner had studied under the institute's first scientific director, William H. Welch , first dean of Hopkins' medical school and known as

1785-450: Is closely associated with and has financed the oil industry , having longstanding connections with its board of directors to the successor companies of Standard Oil, especially Exxon Mobil . Chase National became the Chase Manhattan Bank in 1955 and shifted significantly into consumer banking. It is now called JPMorgan Chase . Rockefeller started as an assistant manager in the foreign department. There he financed international trade in

1890-1065: Is due to the form of testing in schools in Taiwan, in which students take a national entrance exam to determine their university qualifications. The most well known private university is Fu Jen Catholic University , and the oldest is Tunghai University . Since the 1990s, several private universities have opened in Vietnam including Ho Chi Minh City Open University being one of the first. Some characteristics of Vietnamese private universities as of 2010 are high (very high in some cases) tuition fees, poor infrastructure, limited faculty, and human resources. Private universities are often named after scholars ( Fulbright University Vietnam, Vo Truong Toan University, Nguyen Trai University, Luong The Vinh University, Chu Van An University, Yersin University, Phan Chau Trinh University), or heroes/legends ( Hung Vuong University, Quang Trung University); although there are exceptions such as FPT University , named after

1995-726: Is given annually. In addition, Rockefeller hosts the Peggy Rockefeller Concerts and in collaboration with Cornell University and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center it hosts the Tri-Institutional Noon concert Series. In 2012, Rockefeller began participating in Open House New York 's OHNY Weekend. Award affiliations taken from "The Rockefeller University » Nobel Laureates" . Retrieved March 17, 2016 . There are more than 1,262 alumni. Notable figures to emerge from

2100-540: Is home to several private universities, including Sohar University , the University of Nizwa , Middle East College , and the German University of Technology in Oman . These universities offer a range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs in fields such as business, engineering, and information technology. Private universities in Oman offer a more personalized and interactive learning experience, as

2205-557: Is located on the Upper East Side of Manhattan , between 63rd and 68th streets on York Avenue . Richard P. Lifton became the university's eleventh president on September 1, 2016. The Rockefeller University Press publishes the Journal of Experimental Medicine , the Journal of Cell Biology , and The Journal of General Physiology . In 2018, the faculty included 82 tenured and tenure-track members, including 37 members of

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2310-731: Is one private university in Madaba city, the American University of Madaba (AUM) . There are 11 private universities and colleges in Kuwait . There are 19 private universities in Lebanon. Among these, the American University of Beirut and the Lebanese American University are internationally acknowledged. The languages used for teaching in private universities are mainly French and English ; Arabic

2415-502: Is rarer, and they sometimes establish partnerships with public universities. David Rockefeller David Rockefeller (June 12, 1915 – March 20, 2017) was an American economist and investment banker who served as chairman and chief executive of Chase Manhattan Corporation . He was the oldest living member of the third generation of the Rockefeller family , and family patriarch from 2004 until his death in 2017. Rockefeller

2520-509: Is responsible for the accreditation of these institutes and degrees. These mostly provide undergraduate degrees with a few providing postgraduate degrees. The Informatics Institute of Sri Lanka (IIT), NSBM Green University (NSBM), Horizon Campus and Sri Lanka Institute for Information Technology (SLIIT) are examples. Some foreign universities franchise parts of their degree courses in Sri Lanka with local institutes. Students are charged for

2625-463: Is the single largest private parcel on the island, encompassing the entire Baie de Colombier . Many years ago, the Rockefeller family donated the land in the initial creation of the Saint Barth "Zone Verte," or Green Zone, which is an area which cannot be developed. The property includes a private dock in the port of Gustavia , as there were no roads to the property and the only way to get there

2730-742: Is widely used in religious universities and Armenian is used in the Armenian university. The first university opened in Lebanon was the Syrian Protestant College in 1866 (which became the American University of Beirut in 1921). It was founded by Daniel Bliss, a Protestant missionary. The second university opened in Lebanon was the Université Saint-Joseph , founded by the Jesuits in 1875. Oman

2835-693: The American University in Cairo , the German University in Cairo , The British University in Egypt , the Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport , Misr University for Science and Technology , Misr International University , Future University in Egypt and the Modern Sciences and Arts University . In addition to the state-funded national and private universities in Egypt , international university institutions were founded in

2940-674: The Cultural Revolution ". Rockefeller met Henry Kissinger in 1954, when Kissinger was appointed a director of a seminal Council on Foreign Relations study group on nuclear weapons, of which David Rockefeller was a member. He named Kissinger to the board of trustees of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund , and consulted with him frequently, with the subjects including the Chase Bank's interests in Chile and

3045-823: The FPT Corporation and Tan Tao University in Tan Tao Group . In Vietnam, there are also "semi-private university"; schools in this category which can receive partial financial support from the government. Almost all private universities have to invite professors and lecturers from state universities. Many lecturers from state-owned universities take up positions in private universities after their retirement. There are numerous private universities and independent faculties in Armenia , mostly in Yerevan . As of 2022, there are 31 private higher education institutions in

3150-679: The International University Vienna , whose accreditation was withdrawn in 2003 due to academic misconduct; Imadec University , whose first accreditation period ended in January 2006 and was not renewed; TCM Privatuniversität Li Shi Zhen in Vienna , whose accreditation period ended 2009 without renewal students; and PEF Private University of Management Vienna , which closed for economic reasons in March 2012. Belgium makes

3255-644: The Mount Desert Land and Garden Preserve . He owned a large estate on the French island of Saint Barthélemy . Along with the Rothschild family , was one of the earliest developers and tourists on the island in the 1950s. The home was very modern and was located in the Colombier district, known to many as the most beautiful section of the island. It has changed hands several times over the years, and

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3360-706: The Museum of Modern Art in New York City in 1929. The collection, valued at several hundred million dollars, was auctioned in the spring of 2018, with proceeds going to several designated nonprofit organizations, including Rockefeller University, Harvard University, the Museum of Modern Art, the Council on Foreign Relations, and the Maine Coast Heritage Trust. Rockefeller's principal residence

3465-557: The National Academy of Sciences , 17 members of the National Academy of Medicine , seven Lasker Award recipients, and five Nobel laureates . As of March 2022, a total of 26 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Rockefeller University. The Rockefeller University was founded in June 1901 as The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research —often called simply The Rockefeller Institute —by John D. Rockefeller , who had founded

3570-515: The National Security Council , and a subsequent lifelong friend. In Cary Reich's biography of his brother Nelson, a former CIA agent states that David was extensively briefed on covert intelligence operations by himself and other Agency division chiefs, under the direction of David's "friend and confidant", CIA director Allen Dulles. In 1964, along with other American business figures such as Sol Linowitz , Rockefeller founded

3675-540: The New Administrative Capital and are hosting branches of Universities from abroad. The Knowledge Hub (TKH) and European Universities in Egypt (EUE) are among these institutions. The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church doctrine embraces traditional higher institutions in Ethiopia . Modern higher education could be traced back to the regime of Emperor Haile Selassie , with the first university,

3780-772: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1958, served as president of the university from 1978 to 1990. Paul Nurse , who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2001, was president from 2003 to 2010. (Before Nurse's tenure, Thomas Sakmar was acting-president from 2002.) Barry Coller , who invented the Abciximab , currently serves as the Vice President for Medical Affairs. In all, as of October 2020, 38 Nobel Prize recipients have been associated with

3885-539: The Private Universities Act, 1992 was instituted, consolidated, and re-enacted as the Private Universities Act, 2010 . All private universities must be approved by University Grants Commission (UGC) before they are given a permit to operate. As of April 2018, there were 97 private universities in Bangladesh . Private institutions must confer the students with external programs such as BDTVEC,

3990-487: The Rockefeller Archive Center , established in 1974 as part of the university and organized as an independent foundation since 2008. To foster an interdisciplinary atmosphere among its laboratories, faculty members are grouped into one or more of ten interconnecting research areas: Rockefeller University admitted its first graduate students in 1955. Today, about 255 graduate students are enrolled in

4095-528: The Rockefeller Brothers Fund , the principal foundation established in 1940 by the five brothers and their one sister. The extended family also became involved in their own philanthropic organization, formed in 1967 and primarily established by third-generation members, called the Rockefeller Family Fund. In the 1980s, Rockefeller became embroiled in controversy over the mortgaging and sale of Rockefeller Center to Japanese interests. In 1985,

4200-613: The Tri-Institutional MD–PhD Program as well as a Tri-Institutional chemical biology Ph.D. program. Rockefeller ranks highly in the CWTS Leiden Ranking , an international ranking of research impact. Rockefeller faculty have made contributions to breakthroughs in biomedical sciences. Michael W. Young was one of several scientists who located genes that regulate the sleep–wake cycle in 1984. In 1994, Jeffrey M. Friedman ’s laboratory discovered leptin ,

4305-727: The UGC (Establishment and Maintenance of Standards in Private Universities) Regulations, 2003 . Per the UGC act and these regulations, private universities are established by acts of state legislative assemblies and listed by the UGC in the Gazette upon receiving the relevant act. As confirmed by the ruling of the Supreme Court of India , recognition by the UGC is required for the university to operate. Also, per

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4410-590: The United States Department of State to admit the Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi , into the United States for hospital treatment for lymphoma . This action directly precipitated what is known as the Iran hostage crisis and placed Rockefeller under intense media scrutiny, particularly from The New York Times , for the first time in his public life. Rockefeller retired from active management of

4515-427: The University of Chicago in 1889, upon advice by his adviser Frederick T. Gates and action taken in March 1901 by his son, John D. Rockefeller Jr . Greatly elevating the prestige of American science and medicine, it was America's first biomedical institute, like France's Pasteur Institute (1888) and Germany's Robert Koch Institute (1891). The Rockefeller Foundation , a philanthropic organization, founded in 1913,

4620-451: The hepatitis C virus in laboratory cultures of human cells in 2005, leading directly to three new classes of hepatitis C drugs. Elaine Fuchs helped define the stem cells that can initiate squamous cell carcinoma in 2011, and also characterized the signaling pathways that drive malignancy . In 2013, Leslie B. Vosshall ’s laboratory identified a gene in mosquitoes that is responsible for their attraction to humans and their sensitivity to

4725-720: The 2003 regulations, the UGC sends committees to inspect the private universities and publishes their inspection report. The UGC publishes and regularly updates the lists of private universities. As of 23 August 2022 , the UGC lists 421 private universities. As of 2010 , Japan had 597 private universities, 86 national universities , and 95 public universities . Private universities thus account for over 75% of all universities in Japan. A large number of junior colleges in Japan are private and like public and national universities, many private universities use National Center Test for University Admissions as an entrance exam . There

4830-455: The 21st century. However, since then, Ghana has seen a flood of private universities and colleges established – a reflection of the country's stable governance and the pace of economic growth. Most of these universities are not known to be sponsored by foreign corporate organizations or government universities and the aim is to avoid the Ghanaian government's excessive payment of bonds, which is

4935-509: The Auston Institute of Management, Singapore. The Sri Lanka campus was established in 2010 and is a Board of Investment or (BOI) company. It retains a similar focus to the home campus and occupies a prime spot along Colombo's famous Galle Road. In Taiwan , private universities are typically not as prestigious as some public (national) universities. They are not ranked as high as public institutions and cost nearly twice as much. This

5040-496: The Crown family of Chicago, which ended the more than 70 years of direct family financial association with Rockefeller Center. In 2005, he gave $ 100 million to the Museum of Modern Art and $ 100 million to Rockefeller University , two of the most prominent family institutions; as well as $ 10 million to Harvard and $ 5 million to Colonial Williamsburg . In 2006, he pledged $ 225 million to the Rockefeller Brothers Fund upon his death,

5145-540: The Museum of Modern Art and Harvard. The largest donation will be either $ 250 million or the remaining balance of the estate that will fund the launch of the David Rockefeller Global Development Fund. Throughout his life, Rockefeller was accused of being part of an internationalist conspiracy seeking to undermine the interests of the United States and promote a more unified global order. One of Rockefeller's most prominent accusers

5250-505: The National Bank of China's first correspondent bank in the U.S. During this period, Chase Manhattan expanded its influence over many non-financial corporations. A 1979 study titled "The Significance of Bank Control over Large Corporations" provided an estimate for which large U.S.-based financial institutions had the most control over other corporations. The study finds that: "The Rockefeller-controlled Chase Manhattan Bank tops

5355-433: The Rockefeller family mortgaged the property for $ 1.3 billion, with $ 300 million of that going to the family. In 1989, 51 percent of the property, later increased to 80 percent, was sold to Mitsubishi Estate Company of Japan. This action was criticized for surrendering a major U.S. landmark to foreign interests. In 2000, Rockefeller presided over the final sale of Rockefeller Center to Tishman Speyer Properties , along with

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5460-520: The Science and Education Policy Association (SEPA). The student-run publication Natural Selections is produced monthly. The Rockefeller University established a Women in Science initiative in 1998 to address the underrepresentation of women in the field. It is founded mainly by female philanthropists. The program includes scholarships and an entrepreneurship found to help increase the low number of female researchers that commercialize their discoveries. In 2004 Rockefeller's professor Paul Greengard donated

5565-411: The University College of Addis Ababa (now called the Addis Ababa University or AAU) formed in 1950. In 1954, the Haramaya University opened. As of 2022, there are 83 private universities, 42 public universities, and more than 35 institutions of higher learning. There are 16,305 students enrolled in higher education as a whole. There were a few private universities in Ghana before the beginning of

5670-460: The University Grant Commission (UGC), is the primary regulator of higher education in Pakistan . It also facilitates the development of the higher educational system in Pakistan. Its main purpose is to upgrade the schools to be world-class centers of education, research, and development. It also plays a leading role in building a knowledge-based economy in Pakistan by giving out hundreds of doctoral scholarships for education abroad every year. Despite

5775-485: The bank in 1981, succeeded by his protégé Willard C. Butcher . Former Chase chairman John J. McCloy said at the time that he believed Rockefeller would not go down in history as a great banker but rather as a "real personality, as a distinguished and loyal member of the community". Rockefeller traveled widely and met with both foreign rulers and U.S. presidents, beginning with Dwight D. Eisenhower . At times he served as an unofficial emissary on high-level business. Among

5880-407: The bank, holding 1.7% of its shares. During his term as CEO, Chase spread internationally and became a central component of the world's financial system due to its global network of correspondent banks, the largest in the world. In 1973, Chase established the first branch of an American bank in Moscow, in the then Soviet Union . That year Rockefeller traveled to China, resulting in his bank becoming

5985-443: The board of directors. He was a trustee of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace , including in 1948, when Alger Hiss was president. Displeased with the refusal of Bilderberg Group meetings to include Japan, Rockefeller helped found the Trilateral Commission in July 1973. After the war and alongside his work at Chase, Rockefeller took a more active role in his family's business dealings. Working with his brothers in

6090-400: The center. He also knew and associated with the former CIA director Richard Helms as well as Archibald Bulloch Roosevelt Jr. , a Chase Bank employee and former CIA agent whose first cousin, CIA agent Kermit Roosevelt Jr. , was involved in the Iran coup of 1953 . In 1953, he had befriended William Bundy , a pivotal CIA analyst for nine years in the 1950s, who became the Agency liaison to

6195-423: The contrary, the Free University of Brussels (nowadays split into ULB and VUB ) was founded by masonic individuals. All of these institutions began to be recognized by the State from 1891 onwards. It is forbidden by law to call a fully private institution "university" or "faculty", meaning fully private (non- free ) 'universities' have limited visibility. Bulgaria has many private universities, among which

6300-443: The country, most notably the American University of Armenia and the Eurasia International University . In Austria , educational institutions must be authorized by the country to legally grant academic degrees . All state-run universities are governed by the 2002 Austrian Universities' and University Degree Programmes' Organisation Act (Federal Law Gazette No. 120/2002). In 1999, a federal law ( Universitäts-Akkreditierungsgesetz )

6405-409: The criticism of the HEC, its creation had a positive impact on higher education in Pakistan. Its two-year report for 2004 to 2006 states that according to the Institute of Scientific Information, the total number of publications appearing in the 8,000 leading journals indexed in the Web of Science arising out of Pakistan in 2005 was 1,259 articles, representing a 41% increase over the past two years and

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6510-690: The dean of American medicine. Flexner retired in 1935 and was succeeded by Herbert Gasser . He was succeeded in 1953 by Detlev Bronk , who broadened The Rockefeller Institute into a university that began awarding the PhD degree in 1954. In 1965 The Rockefeller Institute's name was changed to The Rockefeller University. For its first six decades, the institute focused on basic research to develop basic science , on applied research as biomedical engineering , and, since 1910—when The Rockefeller Hospital opened on its campus as America's first facility for clinical research —on clinical science . The Rockefeller Hospital's first director Rufus Cole retired in 1937 and

6615-410: The experimental Lincoln School at 123rd Street in Harlem . The school, which was associated with Columbia University, was founded with the help of Rockefeller's educational philanthropy, the General Education Board. In 1936, Rockefeller graduated cum laude from Harvard University , where he worked as an editor on The Harvard Crimson . He also studied economics for a year at Harvard and then

6720-413: The first to gain degree awarding status was Hajvery University, Lahore (HU), established in 1990. From 2003–2004, Pakistan had a total of 83 private degree granting institutions. There are nine private universities in Saudi Arabia . In Sri Lanka , state-recognized private institutes are allowed to award degrees under Section 25A of the Universities Act No. 16 of 1978. The University Grants Commission

6825-428: The foreign leaders he met were Saddam Hussein , Fidel Castro , Nikita Khrushchev , and Mikhail Gorbachev . In 1968, he declined an offer from his brother Nelson Rockefeller , then governor of New York , to appoint him to Robert F. Kennedy 's Senate seat after Kennedy was assassinated in June 1968, a post Nelson also offered to their nephew John Davison "Jay" Rockefeller IV . President Jimmy Carter offered him

6930-427: The full amount of his Nobel Prize to establish the Pearl Meister Greengard Prize given annually to a woman scientist in the field of biology. Rockefeller also host diverse initiatives to promote science and culture: Parents & Science Initiative, The RockEDU Science Outreach for K-12 students and teachers that includes lab experience and professional development and The Lewis Thomas Prize for writing about science

7035-431: The future. Following the deaths of his brothers, Winthrop (1973), John III (1978), Nelson (1979), and Laurance (2004), David became sole head of the family (with the important involvement of his elder son, David Jr.). Rockefeller ensured that selected members of the fourth generation, known generically as the cousins , became directly involved in the family's institutions. This involved inviting them to be more active in

7140-464: The insect repellent DEET . Ali Brivanlou's laboratory developed a method to grow embryos outside the uterus for up to 13 days in 2016, allowing scientists to study the earliest events of human development. In 2020, many Rockefeller scientists shifted the focus of their research in response to the COVID-19 pandemic . Michel C. Nussenzweig pioneered a method to isolate and clone antibodies from people who successfully recovered from COVID-19 to design

7245-410: The institution include Alexis Carrel , Peyton Rous , Hideyo Noguchi , Thomas Milton Rivers , Richard Shope , Thomas Francis Jr , Oswald T. Avery , Frederick Griffith , Colin MacLeod , Maclyn McCarty , Rebecca Lancefield , Wendell Meredith Stanley , René Dubos , Ashton Carter , and Cornelius P. Rhoads . Others attained eminence before being drawn to the university. Joshua Lederberg , who won

7350-427: The largest awarding body in the country, BTEC , and Cambridge International Examinations pathways. Accreditation by the Brunei Darussalam National Accreditation Council (BDNAC) is crucial to establish a private institution. Private universities have been established in Cambodia since 1997. Since 2003, joint-partnership private universities have been established in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Typically,

7455-560: The largest gift in the Fund's history. The money will be used to create the David Rockefeller Global Development Fund , to support projects that improve access to health care, conduct research on international finance and trade, fight poverty, and support sustainable development, as well as to a program that fosters dialogue between Muslim and Western nations. Rockefeller donated $ 100 million to Harvard University in 2008. The New York Times estimated in November 2006 that his total charitable donations amount to $ 900 million over his lifetime,

7560-548: The legitimacy of the claims for years before notifying the public. The university and hospital issued a statement confirming that Archibald had "engaged in certain inappropriate conduct during patient examinations" and that they "deeply regret[ted]" any "pain and suffering" the former patients felt. New York State passed a law known as the Child Victims Act, which created a one-year window for civil suits brought by former child victims, allowing them to make cases against

7665-401: The list, controlling 16 companies." He was faulted for spending excessive amounts of time abroad, and during his tenure as CEO the bank had more troubled loans than any other major bank. Chase owned more New York City securities in the mid-1970s, when the city was nearing bankruptcy. A scandal erupted in 1974 when an audit found that losses from bond trading had been understated. In 1975 the bank

7770-480: The modernization of its banking system, with the full endorsement of President Boris Yeltsin . Rockefeller had a lifelong association with the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) when he joined as a director in 1949. In 1965, Rockefeller and other businessmen formed the Council of the Americas to stimulate and support economic integration in the Americas. In 1992, at a Council sponsored forum, Rockefeller proposed

7875-482: The most renowned are New Bulgarian University , located in the capital city Sofia ; Burgas Free University ; Varna Free University and American University in Bulgaria . Finland does not officially recognize private universities but does not explicitly forbid them either. Helsinki School of Business is an example of one such educational institution operating in this market. Since 1880, it has been illegal for

7980-645: The non-profit International Executive Service Corps , which encourages developing nations to promote private enterprise. In 1979, he formed the Partnership for New York City , a not-for-profit membership organization of New York businessmen. In 1992, he was selected as a leading member of the Russian-American Bankers Forum, an advisory group set up by the head of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York to advise Russia on

8085-715: The partners may include a Chinese university and a non-Chinese institution. English is often the only language of instruction at such universities and many focus on providing a comprehensive liberal arts education modeled after research universities in the United States and Europe. Universities in India are recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC), which draws its power from the University Grants Commission Act, 1956 . Private universities in India are regulated under

8190-570: The position of United States Secretary of the Treasury but he declined. Rockefeller was criticized for befriending foreign autocrats in order to expand Chase interests in their countries. The New York Times columnist David Brooks wrote in 2002 that Rockefeller "spent his life in the club of the ruling class and was loyal to members of the club, no matter what they did." He noted that Rockefeller had cut profitable deals with "oil-rich dictators", "Soviet party bosses" and "Chinese perpetrators of

8295-471: The possibility of the election of Salvador Allende in 1970. Rockefeller supported his "opening of China" initiative in 1971 as it afforded banking opportunities for the Chase Bank. Though a lifelong Republican and party contributor, he was a member of the moderate " Rockefeller Republicans " that arose out of the political ambitions and public policy stance of his brother Nelson. In 2006, he teamed up with former Goldman Sachs executives and others to form

8400-507: The program, which offers doctoral degrees in the biomedical sciences, chemistry, and biophysics. The university's organization on the basis of laboratories rather than a hierarchical departmental structure extends to the graduate program, where laboratory research is the primary focus and students can meet degree requirements by participating in any combination of courses. In partnership with neighboring Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine , Rockefeller participates in

8505-652: The recent discovery of oil and gas in commercial quantities has influenced the development of oil and gas management courses within the private universities' curricula. Libya has several recognized private education institutions and universities that have been approved by the Ministry of Higher Education. They are ranked and qualified to specialize in academic programs in Business Administration, Computer Science, Law, Medicine, and Humanitarianism. The National Universities Commission of Nigeria holds

8610-770: The responsibility to approve private universities and accredit their courses. This ensures a minimum standard in curriculum and teaching. There are currently 60 approved private universities in Nigeria and many applications are being processed. In South Africa , there are many distinctions between public universities and what are officially termed private higher education institutions. Recognized private higher education institutions include Akademia ( af ), Eduvos , Varsity College , Vega School , Milpark , Midrand Graduate Institute , and Regenesys Business School . Numerous private universities were established in Bangladesh after

8715-428: The same privileges including social security, foreign law, and state scholarships as students at state universities. Educational services of private universities are not subject to value added tax , and donations are tax-deductible. Accreditations must be renewed regularly and can be withdrawn, e.g., in the case of repeated academic misconduct as happened in 2003 when the accreditation of International University Vienna

8820-434: The staff of the longtime family-associated Chase National Bank. The chairman at that time was Rockefeller's uncle Winthrop W. Aldrich . The Chase Bank was primarily a wholesale bank, dealing with other prominent financial institutions and major corporate clients such as General Electric , which had, through its RCA affiliate, leased prominent space and become a crucial first tenant of Rockefeller Center in 1930. The bank

8925-684: The student-teacher ratio is typically lower and there are more opportunities for hands-on learning. Additionally, private universities in Oman often have more flexible curriculums and can respond quickly to changing labor markets and global trends.   All private universities in Oman must be recognized by the Omani Ministry of Higher Education to offer degree programs and receive approval for new degrees. The Ministry has procedures and standards that all universities must meet to receive accreditation and recognition as an institution of higher education. The Higher Education Commission (HEC), formerly

9030-403: The study (some of these institutes are state-funded institutions of their home countries) and these charges are often a fraction of the cost of studying in the home countries of these institutions. Efforts to establish private universities have been blocked due to protests from state universities' undergraduates and leftist political parties. Many private colleges have sprung up since, including

9135-606: The tallest private residence ever built in the city at the time. Rockefeller was the youngest of six children born to financier John Davison Rockefeller Jr. and socialite Abigail Greene "Abby" Aldrich . His father John Jr. was the only son of Standard Oil co-founder John Davison Rockefeller Sr. and schoolteacher Laura Celestia "Cettie" Spelman . His mother Abby was a daughter of Rhode Island U.S. Senator Nelson Wilmarth Aldrich and Abigail Pearce Truman "Abby" Chapman. David's five elder siblings were Abby , John III , Nelson , Laurance , and Winthrop . Rockefeller attended

9240-721: The term "university" as opposed to "private university" in their advertisements in all languages except German while still complying with Austrian law. While the legal definition of "private university" prohibits funding by the federal government of Austria, funding by other public bodies is not prohibited. Consequently, some of Austria's private universities are partly or wholly funded by provincial governments, while others are fully privately funded. Accreditation of private universities began in 2001. As of 2020 , Austria has 16 private universities. Most are small (fewer than 1000 students) and specialize in only one or two fields of study. Four former private universities are not accredited anymore:

9345-601: The time of his death, Forbes estimated Rockefeller's net worth was $ 3.3 billion. Initially, most of his wealth had come to him via the family trusts created by his father, which were administered by Room 5600 and Chase Bank . In turn, most of these trusts were held as shares in the successor companies of Standard Oil , as well as diverse real estate investment partnerships, such as the expansive Embarcadero Center in San Francisco, which he later sold for considerable profit, retaining only an indirect stake. In addition, he

9450-428: The two floors of Rockefeller Center known as Room 5600 , he reorganized the family's myriad business and philanthropic ventures. The men kept regular "brothers' meetings" where they made decisions on matters of common interest and reported on noteworthy events in each of their lives. Rockefeller served as secretary to the group, making notes of each meeting. The notes are now in the family archive and will be released in

9555-481: The university. Private university Across the world, different countries have different regulations regarding accreditation for private universities and as such, private universities are more common in some countries than in others. Some countries do not have any private universities at all. Egypt currently has 21 public universities with about two million students and 23 private universities with 60,000 students. Egypt has many private universities including

9660-429: The university. In the mid-1970s, the university attracted a few prominent academicians in the humanities, such as Saul Kripke . Reginald Archibald, an endocrinologist at the university from 1948 to 1982, allegedly abused dozens or hundreds of boys during his time at the university while studying growth problems in children, including molestation and photographing them naked. Officials at Rockefeller University knew of

9765-482: The world to build a more integrated global political and economic structure--one world, if you will. If that's the charge, I stand guilty, and I am proud of it. In 1940, Rockefeller married Margaret "Peggy" McGrath , who died in 1996. They had six children: Rockefeller died in his sleep from congestive heart failure on March 20, 2017, at his home in Pocantico Hills, New York . He was 101 years old. At

9870-584: Was Georgia Congressman Lawrence Patton McDonald , who in the 1975 book, The Rockefeller File , wrote: The Rockefellers and their allies have, for at least fifty years, been carefully following a plan to use their economic power to gain political control of first America, and then the rest of the world. Do I mean conspiracy? Yes, I do. I am convinced there is such a plot, international in scope, generations old in planning, and incredibly evil in intent. In response to accusations of this type, David Rockefeller himself wrote in his 2003 book, Memoirs : For more than

9975-640: Was at "Hudson Pines", on the family estate in Pocantico Hills, New York . He had a Manhattan residence at 146 East 65th Street, as well as a country residence (known as "Four Winds") at a farm in Livingston, New York ( Columbia County ), where his wife raised Simmenthal beef cattle. He maintained a summer home, "Ringing Point," at Seal Harbor on Mount Desert Island off the Maine coast. In May 2015, he donated one thousand acres of land in Seal Harbor to

10080-643: Was branded a "problem bank" by the Federal Reserve . From 1974 to 1976, Chase earnings fell 36 percent while those of its biggest rivals rose 12 to 31 percent. The bank's earnings more than doubled between 1976 and 1980, far outpacing its rival Citibank in return on assets . By 1981 the bank's finances were restored to full health. In November 1979, while chairman of the Chase Bank, Rockefeller became embroiled in an international incident when he and Henry Kissinger , along with John J. McCloy and Rockefeller aides, persuaded President Jimmy Carter through

10185-538: Was by boat. David Rockefeller would moor his yacht at his private dock in Gustavia before transferring to the Colombier estate in a smaller boat as the bay could not accommodate his yacht. The property was recently listed for over $ 100 million, but is not currently used as a residence. The main house has fallen into disrepair. It was sold for $ 136 million in 2023. The Kykuit section of the Rockefeller family compound

10290-478: Was enthusiastic about the institute. Rockefeller Jr and his youngest son David visited more often. David Rockefeller joined the board of trustees in 1940, was its chairman from 1950 to 1975, chaired the board's executive committee from 1975 to 1995, became honorary chairman and life trustee, and remained active as a philanthropist until his death. Rockefeller Institute Hospital was renamed Rockefeller University Hospital. The archives of Rockefeller University are at

10395-630: Was or had been a partner in various properties such as Caneel Bay , a 4,000-acre (16 km ) resort development in the Virgin Islands ; a cattle ranch in Argentina; and a 15,500-acre (63 km ) sheep ranch in Australia. Another major source of asset wealth was his art collection, ranging from impressionist to postmodern , which he developed through the influence upon him of his mother Abby and her establishment, with two associates, of

10500-480: Was part of a team that found how telomeres protect chromosome ends, shedding light on the role of genome instability in cancer in 1999. Robert B. Darnell led research that defined the molecular basis of fragile X syndrome , the second leading cause of intellectual disability , in 2001. Vincent A. Fischetti was part of a group that developed a powerful agent that can target and wipe out anthrax bacteria in 2002. Charles M. Rice helped produce an infectious form of

10605-614: Was passed to allow the accreditation of private universities. The Akkreditierungsrat (Accreditation Council) evaluates applicants and issues recommendations to the responsible Austrian accreditation authority (the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science & Research). Accreditation by the council yields a couple of privileges: degrees issued by accredited private universities have the same legal status as those issued by state-run universities. Private universities can appoint or promote professors . Their students enjoy

10710-689: Was promoted to Captain in 1945. During World War II he served in North Africa and France (he spoke fluent French) for military intelligence , setting up political and economic intelligence units. He served as a " Ritchie Boy " secret unit specially trained at Fort Ritchie, Maryland . For seven months he served as an assistant military attaché at the American Embassy in Paris. During this period, he called on family contacts and Standard Oil executives for assistance. In 1946, Rockefeller joined

10815-417: Was succeeded by Thomas Milton Rivers . As director of The Rockefeller Institute's virology laboratory, he established virology as an independent field apart from bacteriology . In the 1940s, it hosted a "scientific team that overturned medical dogma" and "became the first to demonstrate that genes were made of DNA ." Rockefeller Sr visited the university just once, at the urging of Rockefeller Jr, who

10920-470: Was the fifth son and youngest child of John D. Rockefeller Jr. and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller , and a grandson of John D. Rockefeller and Laura Spelman Rockefeller . He was noted for his wide-ranging political connections and foreign travel, in which he met with many foreign leaders. His fortune was estimated at $ 3.3 billion at the time of his death. Rockefeller was born in New York City , where he grew up in an eight-story house at 10 West 54th Street ,

11025-541: Was withdrawn. In 2006, when the accreditation of Imadec University expired, the Accreditation Council rejected any renewal requests. Austrian law provides that private universities in Austria must use the term Privatuniversität ("private university") in their German names, although their formal names in other languages are not regulated. Thus, there is the possibility of private institutions employing

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