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19-715: The name of the CDR was coined by Sergiu Cunescu , the leader of the Romanian Social Democratic Party (PSDR), as stated in an interview during the 1990s by former PNL re-founding president Radu Câmpeanu at Marius Tucă Show by talk show journalist Marius Tucă . An additional minor leader of the Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR) was lawyer and MP Niculae Cerveni (who founded PNL-CD in 1992 and subsequently ran for president on behalf of PLDR in 2000 ). The core members of

38-634: A full-fledged member. Sergiu Cunescu was a supporter of modern social democracy, of the Franco-German origin, mastering Bad Godesberg ’s reformist theses, who delineated the European left-wing movement of Marxism. Among his most important comrades were Radu Dimitrescu, Constantin Avramescu (until 1997), Smaranda Dobrescu, etc. On 16 March 2005, Cunescu died, at age 82. In 2006, in memory of his conceptions, democratic principles and social solidarity

57-599: The 1992 elections , mainly by the PNȚCD and the National Liberal Party (PNL). In addition, aside from the aforementioned political forces, several other noteworthy civic and cultural organisations, foundations, and other minor political parties were involved in the foundational process. Initially, the planned name of the CDR was "The National Convention for Democracy Implementation" ( Romanian : Convenţia Națională pentru Implementarea Democrației ). Subsequently,

76-691: The Electromagnetics branch of the Polytechnic Institute . Although his father was a prominent PSDR member, Sergiu Cunescu was initially sympathetic of the National Peasants' Party (PNȚ), and led the latter party's Polytechnic group for a period. For a while after 1948, he was a political prisoner in Communist Romania , before being allowed to return to his engineering career. In January 1990, soon after

95-908: The Romanian Revolution , Cunescu was instrumental in the recreation of the PSDR as an independent group (it had been absorbed into the Romanian Communist Party in November 1947). He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies (Romania) in 1990, 1992 and 1996, and was a member of the Joint Romania- European Union Parliamentary Committee, and later of the Chamber's External Policies and European Integration Committee - under

114-629: The CDR included the following political parties: Eventually, some parties left (more specifically, the main faction of the PNL between 1992 and 1996, as well as the PAC, PSDR, and UDMR/RMDSZ in 1995), while other minor parties joined or were created between mergers within the alliance such as the Liberal Party '93 (PL '93) or the Union of Right-leaning Forces (UFD). CDR was founded in 1991, one year before

133-578: The FSN was actually made of former first rank members of the PCR. For the period 1992–1996, CDR was the main political opposition force in the Parliament of Romania and in the local administration as well. Although the convention won the capital city of Bucharest and much of the larger urban centres at the 1992 local elections , FSN swept over almost all rural areas and small towns. The alliance also included

152-783: The PSDR-backed Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR) governments. He retreated from public life after the subsequent union of the PSDR with the Romanian Party of Social Democracy (PDSR), which he had voted against. In January 1990, together with Adrian Dimitriu (the former secretary general of the Independent Social Democratic Party) chaired by Constantin Titel Petrescu ), Mira Moscovici, Constantin Avramescu, Mircea Iscru Stanescu (the veterans of

171-786: The UDMR/RMDSZ, which ran on a separate list, and a number of minor parties and civic organisations that failed to gain parliamentary representation: the Democratic Unity Party, the Christian Democratic Union, the Ecologist Federation of Romania (FER), the Civic Alliance (PAC), and others. Prior to the 1992 general elections, the PNL led by Radu Câmpeanu withdrew from the CDR. At the 1992 general elections , Emil Constantinescu

190-419: The alliance (as well as given the somewhat inconsistent and turbulent governing from 1996 to 2000), the PNL decided to withdraw from the CDR prior to the 2000 general elections . Nonetheless, PNȚCD and other parties ran on the CDR 2000 common list for these elections. The alliance did not manage to score the same positive results as it did during the 1990s and, consequently, shortly disbanded since it did not pass

209-548: The book “Social Democracy, Illusion and Reality” by Smaranda Dobrescu was published by Niculescu Publishing House. He is buried in the Cunescu family's cave at the Orthodox Bellu Cemetery . Is%C4%83rescu Cabinet The Isărescu Cabinet was the 114th cabinet of Romania , incumbent between 22 December 1999 and 28 December 2000. It was led by Mugur Isărescu . It was a coalition cabinet formed between

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228-1010: The electoral threshold. However, it expressed extra-parliamentary opposition between 2000 and 2004 towards the minority PDSR government led by Adrian Năstase . As of mid 2023, of all the aforementioned leaders of the CDR, only Constantinescu and Frunda are still alive. Notes : CDR members in 1992: PNȚCD (21 senators and 41 deputies), PAC (7 senators and 13 deputies), PNL-AT (1 senator and 11 deputies), PSDR (1 senator and 10 deputies), PNL-CD (4 senators and 3 deputies), and PER (no senators and 4 deputies). CDR members in 1996: PNȚCD (25 senators and 81 deputies), PNL (22 senators and 28 deputies), PNL-CD (1 senator and 4 deputies), PAR (3 senators and 3 deputies), PER (1 senator and 5 deputies), and Ecologist Federation of Romania (FER - 1 senator and 1 deputy). CDR 2000 members: PNȚCD , UFD , Ecologist Federation of Romania (FER), National Christian Democratic Alliance (ANCD), and The Moldavians Party (PM). Notes : Emil Constantinescu

247-829: The first peaceful transition of power in the democratic history of Romania after the fall of Communism. For the period 1996–2000, the CDR formed a grand coalition with the Social Democratic Union (an alliance between the Democratic Party and PSDR) and the UDMR/RMDSZ (Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania). At governing level, this grand coalition resulted in the Ciorbea Cabinet (1996–1998), Vasile Cabinet (1998–1999), and Isărescu Cabinet (1999–2000). Due to internal frictions within

266-560: The honorary chairperson of the party. In 2000, he resigned from the position and left the party. His resignation came shortly after merging by absorption of PSDR by PDSR, the former FSN, which became the Social Democratic Party (PSD). Cunescu succeeded to join the PSDR to the Socialist International . Initially an observer party and afterwards with the a consultative role, the party eventually became

285-430: The main purpose of the CDR was to amount an effective opposition against the then all-dominating National Salvation Front (FSN), a huge parliamentary bloc made up mostly of former second and third rank members of the Romanian Communist Party (PCR), which assumed leadership of the country shortly after the 1989 Revolution . According to a later interview by Emil Constantinescu, the former President of Romania claimed that

304-593: The old party active in 1946) they established the new PSDR party. The PSDR claimed to be the legitimate and unique successor of the Independent Social Democratic Party (PSDI) and, together with the Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party (PNȚ-CD) and National Liberal Party (PNL), parties established in 1990 also claiming the legacy of pre-1948 parties, formed the political opposition against

323-655: The ruling National Salvation Front (FSN). In 1990–2000, Cunescu was the chairperson of the PSDR. In 1992 and in 1996, he was re-elected within the Congresses. In 1990–2000, he was a member of the Romanian Parliament , being a parliamentary group leader. In 2000, at the party's Congress, which by that time had merged with the Socialist Party led by Tudor Mohora , Alexandru Athanasiu was elected as an executive chairperson, and Sergiu Cunescu became

342-532: Was the common centre-right candidate who was endorsed by the PNȚCD both in 1992 and 1996 as part of the CDR. Mugur Isărescu was endorsed by the PNȚCD at the 2000 elections as part of the re-named CDR 2000 alliance. Sergiu Cunescu Sergiu Cunescu (March 16, 1923—March 16, 2005) was a Romanian social democratic politician, the leader of the Social Democratic Party of Romania (PSDR) between 1990 and 2001. Born in Bucharest , he graduated from

361-563: Was the presidential candidate of the convention. He managed to qualify in the second round where he finished second with an electoral score of 38.57% (or 4,641,207 votes). In 1993, the PNL led by Mircea Ionescu-Quintus returned within the CDR. Subsequently, the CDR managed to win the 1996 Romanian elections , and the alliance's presidential candidate, once again Emil Constantinescu , became president with 54.41% (or 7,057,906 votes). The 1996 Romanian general election represented

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