60-610: Ronald Harold Johnson (born April 8, 1955) is an American politician serving as the senior United States senator from Wisconsin , a seat he has held since 2011. A Republican , Johnson was first elected to the U.S. Senate in 2010 , defeating Democratic incumbent Russ Feingold . He was reelected in 2016 , defeating Feingold in a rematch, and in 2022 , narrowly defeating Lieutenant Governor Mandela Barnes . Born in Mankato, Minnesota , Johnson attended high school in Edina, Minnesota ,
120-461: A "good upbringing" and used that to question why Barnes had "turned against America". In the November 8 general election, Johnson defeated Barnes with 50.4% of the vote. In 2021, Johnson expressed support for "increasing the minimum wage to some extent" (the federal minimum wage had been $ 7.25/hour since 2009). In 2022, he said it was better for the "marketplace" to decide wages rather than having
180-620: A 10-hour reading of the bill on the grounds that the Senate did not have enough time to read the bill. In August 2022, Johnson criticized the federal Social Security and Medicare programs for contributing to debt by being "on automatic pilot": "If you qualify for the entitlement, you just get it no matter what the cost"; he proposed instead to "turn everything into discretionary spending", which would result in programs needing to be approved by Congress every year. Johnson also called Social Security an unsustainable " Ponzi Scheme ". In 2013, Johnson
240-599: A federal lawsuit seeking to block ACA exemptions to members of Congress and their staff. The suit was dismissed for lack of standing, and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit upheld the dismissal on appeal. In an August 2017 interview, Johnson said of Senator John McCain 's "thumbs-down" vote that killed the Republican bill to repeal the ACA , "He has a brain tumor right now. The vote occurred at 1:30 in
300-563: A government-mandated minimum wage. Johnson was among the 31 Senate Republicans who voted against final passage of the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 . Johnson rejects the scientific consensus on climate change , describing it in 2021 as "bullshit." In a 2010 interview, he called attributing global warming to manmade causes "crazy," saying the theory is "lunacy," and attributed climate change to causes other than human activity. Johnson also suggested carbon dioxide
360-774: A letter to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Food and Drug Administration calling on them to review the 1-year and 2-year mortality rates for those who got a second dose of the Spikevax and Comirnaty vaccines in 2021. He also urged them to review the 1-year mortality rate ratio for mRNA vaccines between those who died in high COVID months and in low COVID months. He wrote that Spikevax increased all-cause mortality, citing studies by Steve Kirsch and Clare Craig on COVID vaccination and mortality rates in Czech Republic . Johnson supported Trump's decision to end Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), which he said
420-583: A medical doctor who "has cast doubts on coronavirus vaccines and has pushed for the use of hydroxychloroquine ", and a cardiologist who disagrees with "settled science". After the FDA revoked the emergency use authorization from hydroxychloroquine in June 2020, Johnson and two other senators wrote the agency in August for an explanation of why the FDA was unresponsive to Trump administration officials' calls to reauthorize
480-504: A penalty that would be too harsh for these guys", and in late September 2010 said that the legislation would have financially crippled organizations such as the Boys & Girls Clubs and that the punishment for child sexual abuse should be "severe and swift." He also addressed reports about his testimony, saying, "I sought to warn legislators of those consequences in order to correct legislative language so that any bills that passed would punish
540-565: A radio spot produced that began, "The latest mass murder in America didn't involve guns." It equated the recent accidental deaths of 53 immigrants in Texas during President Joe Biden 's tenure with mass homicide. Before it aired, the campaign hastened to pull it, as the broadcasts would have followed the July 4, 2022, Highland Park parade shooting too closely. Seven people died and 46 were wounded in
600-496: A reporter noting the press is permitted to witness the proceedings. Johnson dismissively remarked that an impeachment vote would simply "inflame the situation". Seniority in the United States Senate United States senators are conventionally ranked by the length of their tenure in the Senate. The senator in each U.S. state with the longer time in office is known as the senior senator ;
660-406: A senator who has served for 12 years is more senior than one who has served for 10 years. Because several new senators usually join at the beginning of a new Congress, seniority is determined by prior federal or state government service and, if necessary, the amount of time spent in the tiebreaking office. These tiebreakers in order are: When more than one senator had such office, its length of time
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#1732783417833720-671: A simple majority vote would "ensure a quicker pace on Trump's court picks". In 2022, Johnson blocked a Biden administration nominee, William Pocan , from serving as a federal district court judge in Wisconsin. The previous year, Johnson and Wisconsin Senator Tammy Baldwin jointly recommended Pocan. In justifying blocking Pocan, Johnson referenced the Mayfair Mall shooting in Wauwatosa . Pocan had no involvement in
780-439: A special election. The seniority date for an appointed senator is usually the date of the appointment, although the actual term does not begin until they take the oath of office. An incoming senator who holds another office, including membership in the U.S. House of Representatives , must resign from that office before becoming a senator. A senator's seniority is primarily determined by length of continuous service; for example,
840-726: A suburb of the Twin Cities , and received a degree from the University of Minnesota . Before entering politics, he was chief executive officer of a polyester and plastics manufacturer in Oshkosh, Wisconsin , founded by his brother-in-law. A staunch ally of President Donald Trump , Johnson voted for Trump's Tax Cuts and Jobs Act in 2017, supported Trump's decision to end Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), launched investigations into his political opponents and promoted false claims of fraud in relation to Trump's defeat in
900-642: A tax-deductible expense), he said he "wouldn't rule it out" as part of an effort to lower taxes and simplify the tax code. During the Trump administration , Johnson defended tax cuts, falsely claiming that they reduced the deficit. He voted for the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 , having conditioned his support on increasing tax cuts for pass-through companies . The tax cut benefited, among others, Richard and Elizabeth Uihlein and Diane Hendricks , who had contributed $ 20 million to Johnson's reelection campaign. During
960-427: Is no need for young people to be vaccinated. These claims contradict known science and the recommendations of health officials, who note that herd immunity is the most effective to halt COVID-19's spread and severity. In December 2021 he recommended mouthwash as a treatment for the coronavirus during a town hall meeting , immediately drawing criticism. A dental-professional -focused website run by Listerine , one of
1020-501: Is used to break the tie. For instance, Jerry Moran , John Boozman , John Hoeven , Marco Rubio , Ron Johnson , Rand Paul , Richard Blumenthal , and Mike Lee took office on January 3, 2011. The first two senators mentioned had served in the House of Representatives: Moran had served for 14 years and Boozman for nine. As a former governor, Hoeven is ranked immediately after the former House members. The rest are ranked by population as of
1080-410: The 2000 census . These ranked from 36th to 43rd in seniority when the 118th United States Congress convened. If two senators are tied on all criteria, the one whose surname comes first alphabetically is considered the senior senator. This happened with Senators Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock , both of Georgia, who were sworn in on January 20, 2021. Because they were both newly elected senators from
1140-705: The 2020 presidential election . He has rejected the scientific consensus on climate change . During the COVID-19 pandemic , Johnson voted for the CARES Act , resisted stay at home orders , used his chairmanship of the Senate Homeland Security Committee to invite witnesses who promoted fringe theories about COVID-19 and spread misinformation about COVID-19 vaccinations . He has also suggested Social Security and Medicare spending be subject to an annual congressional vote. Johnson
1200-718: The Energy Tax Prevention Act , which would block the EPA from imposing new rules on carbon emissions. In an October 7, 2022, Senate campaign debate, Johnson said, "The climate has always changed and always will change, so I don’t deny climate change", repeating a similar statement he made in February 2016. When asked about allowing additional drilling for oil in the continental US, including the Great Lakes if oil were found there, Johnson responded, "We have to get
1260-579: The Families First Coronavirus Response Act , which passed the Senate on March 18, 2020, by a vote of 90–8. In an interview with the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel , Johnson said he was aware "what a nasty disease COVID-19 can be, and how it's obviously devastating to somewhere between 1 and 3.4 percent of the population... [b]ut we don't shut down our economy because tens of thousands of people die on
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#17327834178331320-552: The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel that the United States "would have been far better off not spending any of the money and [letting] the recovery happen as it was going to happen." The newspaper later reported that the education council Johnson led considered applying for stimulus money in 2009, but ultimately elected not to. The Johnson campaign stated that nonprofits consider "many possibilities," but that
1380-450: The University of Minnesota in 1977 with a bachelor's degree in business and accounting. He continued his studies but did not receive a graduate degree. In 1979, Johnson moved to Oshkosh, Wisconsin, with his wife, Jane. He worked for his wife's family's plastics company, PACUR, an abbreviation of "Pat Curler", Jane's brother. Curler created the company with funding from his and Jane's father, Howard Curler. Howard Curler had been named CEO of
1440-723: The Tea Party" and is glad to be associated with it, although he did not join the Senate Tea Party Caucus following his election. In the September 14, 2010, Republican primary , Johnson, running a largely self-financed campaign, defeated Watertown businessman Dave Westlake with 85% of the vote to Westlake's 10% and 5% for Stephen Finn. As a candidate, Johnson opposed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. He launched his campaign by telling
1500-704: The Wauwatosa shooting. In March 2015, Johnson voted for an amendment to establish a deficit-neutral reserve fund to allow all employees in the country to earn paid sick time. In 2015, Johnson was one of 11 Senate Republicans to vote to allow same-sex spouses to have access to federal Social Security and veterans' benefits. In July 2022, Johnson initially expressed support for the Respect for Marriage Act , which would codify same-sex marriage into federal law. Johnson reversed his stance in September 2022, saying he "would not support it in its current state". He voted against
1560-534: The West. On conservative media broadcasts, Johnson repeatedly referred to the supposed "Democrat grand plan," endorsing the theory, saying, "I've got to believe they want to change the makeup of the electorate." Johnson is one of the Senate Republicans who favored the " nuclear option " of ending the filibuster "to speed up consideration of President Trump's nominees" because changing the Senate's rules to
1620-500: The act in November 2022. Johnson has a "D" rating from NORML for his voting record on cannabis -related matters. In January 2010, before holding elective office, Johnson opposed a Wisconsin bill that would have eliminated the time limit for future child sexual abuse victims to bring lawsuits while allowing an additional three years for past victims to sue. He testified before the Wisconsin Senate that "punishment for
1680-563: The actual perpetrators should be severe", but questioned whether it would be just for employers of perpetrators to be financially affected by lawsuits. He added that the bill, if enacted, might reduce the reporting of child sexual abuse. At the time of his testimony, Johnson was on the Finance Council of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Green Bay . In June 2010 he told the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel : "I can't think of
1740-414: The case of senators elected in a run-off election occurring after the commencement of a new term, or a special election, their seniority date will be the date they are sworn in and not the first day of that Congress. A senator may be simultaneously elected to fill a term in a special election and elected to the six-year term which begins on the upcoming January 3. Their seniority is that of someone chosen in
1800-506: The closed-door talks were "outrageous" and "disgusting." He said that default should not have been a concern, because the government had plenty of funding to pay interest on debt, Social Security benefits, and salary for soldiers. In January 2013, Johnson voted for the fiscal cliff agreement that reduced pending tax increases and delayed spending cuts precipitated by the 2011 debt ceiling deal. When asked whether he would get rid of home mortgage interest deductions (claiming mortgage interest as
1860-426: The council "made no application" for stimulus funds. Johnson's 2010 Senate campaign raised $ 15.2 million, $ 9 million of which was his own money. In June 2011, his financial disclosures showed that PACUR had paid him $ 10 million in deferred compensation in early 2011. The compensation covered the period from 1997 to 2011, during which he took no salary from PACUR. Johnson said that, as CEO, he had personally determined
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1920-466: The dollar amount and that it was unrelated to the contributions he had made to his campaign. In the November 2 election, Johnson defeated Democratic incumbent Russ Feingold with 52% of the vote. After being elected to the Senate, Johnson claimed that he sold his liquid assets to avoid a conflict of interest and also promised to place his assets in a blind trust. In March 2013, Johnson announced that he would seek reelection in 2016. In November 2014, he
1980-502: The drug as a COVID-19 treatment. In early 2021, Johnson was skeptical about COVID-19 vaccines. Asked about COVID-19 vaccines in March 2021, he refused to say whether they were safe (as medical experts had determined) or to encourage people to get vaccinated. In April 2021, he downplayed the need for widespread COVID-19 vaccinations. Johnson has falsely suggested that people who have contracted COVID do not need to be vaccinated, and that there
2040-628: The economic recession that coincided with the COVID-19 pandemic, Johnson voted for the CARES Act in March 2020, but staunchly opposed further stimulus. In December 2020, he sought to block a bipartisan proposal to provide $ 1,200 in COVID-19-related stimulus checks, citing the national debt. In March 2021, Johnson sought to obstruct and delay passage of the American Rescue Plan Act . Breaking from Senate norms, he forced
2100-461: The following: The beginning of an appointment does not necessarily coincide with the date the Senate convenes or when the new senator is sworn in. In the case of senators first elected in a general election for the upcoming Congress, their terms begin on the first day of the new Congress. For most of American history this was March 4 of odd-numbered years, but effective from 1935 the 20th Amendment moved this to January 3 of odd-numbered years. In
2160-705: The highways. It's a risk we accept so we can move about. We don't shut down our economies because tens of thousands of people die from the common flu". His comments were met with criticism that he was "playing down" the threat of COVID-19. Johnson responded that he was "just trying to look at this very realistically". Johnson used his position as chair of the Senate Homeland Security Committee to invite witnesses to hearings to promote fringe theories about COVID-19 . The witnesses promoted unproven drugs, made dubious claims about COVID-19 spread and pushed skepticism about vaccines . Johnson called pulmonologist Pierre Kory to testify about his experiences with Ivermectin , as well as
2220-469: The majority party is named president pro tempore of the Senate , the second-highest office in the Senate and the third in the line of succession to the presidency of the United States . The United States Constitution does not mandate differences in rights or power, but Senate rules give more power to senators with more seniority. Generally, senior senators will have more power, especially within their own caucuses . There are several benefits, including
2280-490: The mid-1980s, Pat Curler left PACUR and Johnson became its CEO. In 1987, the Curler family sold PACUR to Bowater Industries for $ 18 million; Johnson remained the company's CEO. In 1997, he purchased PACUR from Bowater; he remained CEO until he was elected to the Senate in 2010. The 2010 U.S. Senate campaign was Johnson's first run for elected office. According to The New York Times , Johnson said he "did kind of spring out of
2340-440: The morning. So some of that might have factored in." A McCain spokesman called the statements "bizarre and deeply unfortunate." Johnson later said he was "disappointed I didn't more eloquently express my sympathy for what Sen. McCain is going through." In 2022, Johnson said that Republicans should repeal the ACA if they take control after the 2022 elections. In 2011, Johnson co-sponsored a federal bill that would grant all fetuses
2400-532: The oil where it is, but we need to do it responsibly. We need to utilize American ingenuity and American technology to make sure we do it environmentally sensitively and safely." After criticism from the Feingold campaign, Johnson said in July 2010 that his answer did not mean he supported drilling in the Great Lakes. During Obama's presidency, Johnson was a fiscal hawk who called for federal spending cuts. He
2460-402: The other is the junior senator . This convention has no official standing, though seniority confers several benefits, including preference in the choice of committee assignments and physical offices. When senators have been in office for the same length of time, a number of tiebreakers, including previous offices held, are used to determine seniority. By tradition, the longest serving senator of
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2520-498: The perpetrators and those that protect them, not honorable organizations that do so much good for our communities. We must rid our society of people who prey on children." In November 2018, Johnson was one of 12 Republican senators to sign a letter to Trump requesting the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement be submitted to Congress by the end of the month to allow a vote on it before the end of
2580-401: The plastics giant Bemis Company in 1978, and for the first several years of PACUR's existence, Bemis was the company's only customer. According to his campaign biography, Johnson worked as PACUR's accountant and a machine operator. The company later expanded into specialty plastics used in medical device packaging, which involved hiring salespeople and exporting products to other countries. In
2640-420: The platform for seven days over his remarks touting unproven treatments for COVID-19. After Twitter suspended Alex Berenson for making false claims about the pandemic and vaccines, Johnson praised him as "a courageous voice of reason" and encouraged people to continue reading Berenson's writing on another site. In an October 2021 interview on Tucker Carlson Tonight , Johnson falsely claimed that ivermectin
2700-431: The research would help balance the federal budget. He supported Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization , the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that overturned Roe v. Wade , calling it a "victory for life." Johnson said did not see that decision "as a huge threat to women's health" and suggested that those who did not like it "can move" from Wisconsin to another state. During the COVID-19 pandemic , Johnson voted against
2760-697: The same rights and protections as people, with no exceptions for fetuses arising from rape or incest. From 2013 to 2021, he supported bills that banned abortion after 20 weeks of conception except in cases of incest, rape, or when the mother's life is in danger. In 2021, Johnson also supported a request for the Supreme Court to uphold a Mississippi law banning abortion after 15 weeks, with exceptions for "severe fetal abnormality" or medical emergency, but none for rape and incest. Johnson opposes funding research that uses embryonic stem cells . He has said he disagrees with it morally and that eliminating funding for
2820-471: The same state, with no prior government service, no other tie-breaking criteria could be used. The Senate's official records, as well as the Democratic Caucus, thus consider Ossoff, whose name comes first alphabetically and elected to a full six-year term, as the senior senator. Only relevant factors are listed below. For senators whose seniority is based on their state's respective population,
2880-688: The school massacre, a remark Governor Tony Evers called "breathtaking." Cavuto countered Johnson's claim during the interview, saying that such shootings had "been going on long before CRT and wokeness." Johnson opposes the Affordable Care Act (ACA or "Obamacare") and has voted to repeal it. In 2013, Johnson declined to support efforts to tie funding the federal government to defunding ACA, noting that such efforts were highly unlikely to succeed given Obama's opposition. In 2014, he criticized Congress's ability to continue using pretax employer contributions to help pay for their medical care and filed
2940-426: The shooting. The alleged shooter then drove directly to Madison, Wisconsin , allegedly intending to continue his rampage at that city's Independence Day parade. Days after a Texas 18-year-old killed 19 elementary school students and two teachers on May 24, 2022, Johnson said he opposed passing new firearms laws. Johnson told Fox News correspondent Neil Cavuto that the failure to teach "values" in schools had led to
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3060-692: The vote. Despite a pledge in 2016 to retire after two terms in the Senate, Johnson announced in January 2022 that he would run for a third term. He faced the Democratic nominee, Wisconsin Lieutenant Governor Mandela Barnes , in the general election. Johnson debated Barnes in October 2022; when each was asked to say something favorable about his opponent, Barnes praised Johnson as a "family man", while Johnson said Barnes had
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#17327834178333120-424: The world’s most widely used mouthwash products, specifically says the evidence is not strong enough to conclude that it is helpful against COVID-19. In May 2021, Johnson falsely claimed that thousands of deaths were connected to COVID vaccinations. He also falsely stated that there was a risk of death for people previously infected with COVID who received the vaccine. YouTube suspended Johnson from posting videos on
3180-568: The year, as they were concerned that "passage of the USMCA as negotiated will become significantly more difficult" if it had to be approved by the incoming 116th Congress. Johnson has been an unwavering supporter of President Donald Trump , and attacked Senator Mitt Romney for his vote to allow witnesses in a Trump impeachment trial. Asked subsequently about the confrontation with Romney, Johnson told reporters, "those are private conversations," continuing, "That's grotesque you guys are recording," with
3240-761: Was a cosponsor of S. 570, a bill that would prohibit the Department of Justice from tracking and cataloging the purchases of multiple rifles and shotguns. In April 2013, Johnson was one of 12 Republican senators to sign a letter threatening to filibuster any newly introduced gun control legislation . That month, Johnson joined 45 other senators in defeating the Manchin-Toomey Amendment, which would have required background checks on all sales of guns, including between individuals. Johnson had received about $ 1.2 million in contributions from firearms interests since his 2010 Senate campaign. His 2022 campaign had
3300-475: Was again endorsed by the fiscally conservative Club for Growth ; that month, he said he would not self-finance his reelection bid. In December 2014, the Washington Post rated Johnson the most vulnerable incumbent U.S. senator in the 2016 election cycle. In May 2015, Feingold announced that he would run to win the Senate seat back. In the November 8 general election, Johnson was reelected with 50.2% of
3360-650: Was being suppressed as a COVID-19 treatment in favor of expensive COVID-19 drugs developed by the pharmaceutical industry, and that "the Pfizer vaccine available in the U.S. is not FDA-approved" because it was not the "Comirnaty version" . "Comirnaty" is the United States Adopted Name that was assigned to the Pfizer vaccine after it the FDA approved it. Doses produced before the approval contain no formulaic differences from those produced afterward, and are interchangeable. In September 2024, Johnson wrote
3420-411: Was born in Mankato, Minnesota , the son of Jeanette Elizabeth (née Thisius) and Dale Robert Johnson. His father was of Norwegian descent and his mother of German ancestry. Growing up, Johnson delivered newspapers, worked as a caddy at a golf course, baled hay on his uncle's dairy farm, and worked as a dishwasher in a restaurant. He attended Edina High School but skipped his senior year and graduated from
3480-481: Was good for the environment, as it "helps the trees grow." In dismissing the effects of climate change, Johnson falsely claimed that Greenland was green when it was discovered and had become white and snow-clad over time as a result of cooling temperatures. In August 2015, Johnson baselessly claimed that "the climate hasn't warmed in quite a few years. That is proven scientifically," although record world temperatures were reached that year and in 2014. Johnson co-sponsored
3540-452: Was involved in the deals to raise the debt ceiling in July 2011 and January 2013. Johnson said that the 2011 debate over whether to increase the US debt ceiling presented an opportunity to establish hard caps on federal spending. He argued that Congress could not keep raising the debt limit , and needed to prioritize spending. Johnson called for open negotiations over the debt ceiling, saying that
3600-537: Was unconstitutional and "created incentives for children from Central America to take great risks to enter America illegally." Trump's decision made eligible for deportation, after a six-month waiting period, the approximately 800,000 unauthorized immigrants who entered the country as minors and had temporary permission to stay in the country. In 2021, Johnson lent credence to the " Great Replacement " conspiracy theory promoted by white supremacists that holds that white people are being purposely replaced by nonwhite people in
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