A surgical instrument is a medical device for performing specific actions or carrying out desired effects during a surgery or operation, such as modifying biological tissue, or to provide access for viewing it. Over time, many different kinds of surgical instruments and tools have been invented. Some surgical instruments are designed for general use in all sorts of surgeries, while others are designed for only certain specialties or specific procedures.
8-423: A rongeur is heavy-duty surgical instrument with a sharp-edged, scoop-shaped tip, used for gouging out bone . Rongeur is a French word meaning rodent or 'gnawer'. A rongeur can be used to open a window in bone, often in the skull, in order to access tissue underneath. They are used in neurosurgery , podiatric surgery , maxillofacial surgery , and orthopedic surgery to expose areas for operation. A rongeur
16-475: Is somewhat interchangeably used with surgical instruments, but its meaning in medical jargon is the activity of providing assistance to a surgeon with the proper handling of surgical instruments during an operation, by a specialized professional, usually a surgical technologist or sometimes a nurse or radiographer . An important relative distinction regarding surgical instruments is the amount of bodily disruption or tissue trauma that their use might cause
24-570: Is used in oral maxillofacial surgery to remove bony fragments or soft tissue. It is also used in hand surgery to cut traumatic amputated bone to allow skin to be closed over the defect. A rongeur can also be used in cadaver dissection lab to break through ribs when removing the anterior chest wall. A common example of a surgical rongeur is the Kerrison rongeur, in which its first design was created by Dr. Robert Masters Kerrison (1776–1847), an English physician, but it took more than 100 years before
32-445: The Kerrison rongeur was modified and took its current form. This article related to medical equipment is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Surgical instrument Classification of surgical instruments helps surgeons to understand the functions and purposes of the instruments. With the goal of optimizing surgical results and performing more difficult operations, more instruments continue to be invented in
40-524: The development of surgical tools. In the 1900s, inventions of aseptic surgeries (maintenance of sterile conditions through good hygiene procedures) on the basis of existing antiseptic surgeries (sterilization of tools before, during, and after surgery) led to the manifestations of sale and use of instrument sterilizers, sterile gauze, and cotton. Most importantly, instruments were advanced to be readily and effectively sterilized by replacing wooden and ivory handles with metals. For safety and comfort concerns,
48-406: The modern era. Many different kinds of surgical instruments and tools have been invented and some have been repurposed as medical knowledge and surgical practices have developed. As surgery practice diversified, some tools are advanced for higher accuracy and stability while some are invented with the completion of medical and scientific knowledge. Two waves in history contributed significantly to
56-501: The nomenclature of surgical instruments follows certain patterns, such as a description of the action it performs (for example, scalpel , hemostat ), the name of its inventor(s) (for example, the Kocher forceps), or a compound scientific name related to the kind of surgery (for example, a tracheotomy is a tool used to perform a tracheotomy ). There are several classes of surgical instruments: The expression surgical instrumentation
64-414: The tools are made with as few pieces as possible. Hand surgery emerged as a specialty during World War II, and the tools used by early hand surgeons remain in common use today, and many are identified by the names of those who created them. Individual tools have diverse history development. Below is a brief history of the inventors and tools created for five commonly used surgical tools. Accordingly,
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