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71-649: There was a general climate of unrest caused by social injustice in the country. On 13 May 1969, in Tucumán , former workers of a sugar mill took the factory and its manager as hostage, asking for overdue payments. On 14 May, in Córdoba , automobile industry workers protested the elimination of the Saturday rest. On 15 May the University of Corrientes increased the price of food tickets in its cafeteria fivefold, and

142-648: A civil uprising , an episode later termed the Cordobazo . The next day the CGT called for national strike. The May Revolution commemoration on 25 May was marked by the refusal of many priests to celebrate the traditional Te Deum in Rosario and nearby towns. In the celebration of the National Flag Day (20 June), President Onganía customarily visited Rosario and was declared persona non grata . After

213-530: A few months of relative calm, Rosario university students started a series of protests and memorials commemorating the victims of state repression on 7 September 1969. Upon the suspension of a railroad labour union deputy, Mario Horat, the railroad workers of Rosario went on strike on 8 September; on 12 September the union declared a nationwide indefinite strike. The government enlisted the military for repression. Several factories were occupied in Córdoba, and there

284-478: A mean annual temperature of 13.1 °C (55.6 °F) (summers average 17.1 °C (62.8 °F) while winters average 9.0 °C (48.2 °F)) in the Tafi valley. Precipitation in the lowlands ranges from 600 mm (24 in) in the east, to close to 1,200 mm in the foothills (48 in), in a very monsoonal pattern with 4-5 completely dry winter months, and a peak of about 200 mm (7.9 in) in

355-658: A part of a modernizing program with the government in trying to make a successful medical records system. This would collect data from all the different resources and compile it into one database making it a lot easier and quicker for patients to pull up medical history, medical records, or anything of that nature. This is a big step for the Tucuman region . San Miguel de Tucumán is twinned with: 26°49′S 65°13′W  /  26.817°S 65.217°W  / -26.817; -65.217 Tucum%C3%A1n Province Tucumán ( Spanish pronunciation: [tukuˈman] )

426-625: A private airport, located 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) west from the city, for private aviation. It is locally known as Aeroclub. The city has also four railway stations , with only the Mitre Railway terminus operating passenger trains to Retiro in Buenos Aires, with intermediate stops in Santiago del Estero and Santa Fe provinces amongst other stations. The other train station active is Belgrano Railway station , originally built by

497-608: A rule of thumb, the far east is drier and hotter, whereas the Piedmont has many storms in the summer which moderate temperatures. The first foothills are very humid, supporting a dense jungle, and as altitude increases, a thick forest and then cool grasslands. The westernmost areas are once again a bit dryer because of a rain shadow. The eastern parts have an average annual temperature of 18 to 20 °C (64.4 to 68.0 °F). Summers are hot with mean temperatures averaging between 24 and 26 °C (75.2 and 78.8 °F) while in winter,

568-631: A sizable following, Bussi was elected governor in his own right in 1995, but lost much of his earlier popularity during his four-year tenure. Life in Tucumán has since returned to a certain normality. Its economy has recovered strongly during the expansive period Argentina has had in the decade since 2002. José Alperovich , elected governor in 2003, has presided over record investment in public works while reaping criticism for attempts to eliminate term limits for his office. Despite Tucumán's small size, it has two main different geographical systems. The east

639-651: A tower inspired in the palaces of Florence (specially Palazzo Vecchio ), the old Legislature, the Palace of Justice, the Casino (former Savoy Hotel, built in 1912), the birthplace of Nicolás Avellaneda , the Colegio Nacional Bartolomé Mitre and the Campo de las Carreras, where the battle of Tucumán took place and which is now an historical park. For decades, San Miguel de Tucumán has been one of

710-528: A wide area of abundant vegetation and justifies Tucumán's title of "Jardín de la República" (Garden of the Republic). Long among the most underdeveloped Argentine provinces, Tucumán Province has been growing strongly, and its economy, the nation's seventh-largest, reached US$ 7.2 billion in 2006. Its per capita output of US$ 5,400 (around US$ 7,900 in 2011) was nearly 40% below the national average, but compares favourably with that of most of its neighbors. In 2012,

781-436: A wide array of events, including plays, concerts, operas, and ballet, all year round. The Septiembre Musical is by far the most important cultural event during the year. This music festival, generally held at Independence Square, brings together several local and national artists who perform different musical styles ranging from folk music to rock. Universities in the city include the public National University of Tucumán and

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852-463: Is 0381, and its postal codes are T4000 (Center), T4001 (North), T4002 (South) and T4003 (East). San Miguel de Tucuman lies in a transition zone between temperate climates to the south, and subtropical climates to the north. It has a humid subtropical climate ( Cwa ) under the Köppen climate classification , with vastly more precipitation in the summer than in the winter. The average annual temperature

923-626: Is 19.3 °C (66.7 °F). The precipitation pattern is monsoonal: out of the 966 mm (38.0 in) that fall annually, most of it falls in the summer months, while the winter months tend to be drier. The average temperature in winter is 13.6 °C (56.5 °F). July is the coldest month with a mean temperature of 12.1 °C (53.8 °F). Frosts are uncommon, with some years recording no frosts at all. Usually, when frosts occur, they are light with temperatures rarely falling below −2 °C (28.4 °F). Winters are sunny, averaging 9–12 clear days and 9–12 overcast days per month. Snow

994-504: Is a highly productive agricultural area. The word Tucumán probably originated from the Quechua languages . It may represent a deformation of the term Yucumán , which denotes the "place of origin of several rivers". It can also be a deformation of the word Tucma , which means "the end of things". Before Spanish colonization, the region lay in the outer limits of the Inca empire . Before

1065-488: Is also based in the city of San Miguel de Tucumán but was founded in 1901. This team is the oldest football club in the Tucumán Province and the team has five national titles (1959, 2004, 2005, 2007–08, and 2008–09) and also many regional titles. Basketball is also a popular sport, some clubs are Juan Bautista Alberdi Club, Central Córdoba Club, Belgrano Club, Villa Luján Club, Tucumán BB Club and others. Tucumán

1136-416: Is also big in lemons and blueberries, exporting almost 80% of the harvest to other countries. Cultural and sport tourism is common in the province, and attracts a number of Argentine tourists every year. The Panamerican Highway ( Route 9 ) crosses San Miguel de Tucumán , and connects it with Santiago del Estero and Buenos Aires. The city also serves as a mid-stop for tourists visiting other provinces of

1207-663: Is associated with the Gran Chaco flat lands, while the west presents a mixture of the Sierras of the Pampas to the south and the canyons of the Argentine Northwest to the north. The Cerro del Bolsón is the highest peak at an elevation of 5,550 metres (18,209 ft). The Salí is the province's main river. Tucumán also has four dams that are used for hydroelectricity and irrigation: El Cadillal on Salí River,

1278-400: Is extremely rare, but in 2007, it reached the city center. There have been other episodes of sleet and snow in the mountains around the city, and in 2010, sleet was reported downtown again, a very rare event. Spring and fall are transition seasons. Springs are very short, and by October, summer weather settles in the city, with highs beyond 30 °C (86.0 °F) very common. This is due to

1349-504: Is part of the Provincial Health System (Sistema Provincial de Salud or SIPROSA). This system divided the Tucuman province into four systematic areas with San Miguel being in its own area. Each area has its own public hospitals and Health Primary Attention Centers for the people. This divisions purpose was to help regulate health care assistance across the population and make it more accessible. Since then, SIPROSA has been

1420-432: Is possible after cold fronts from the south caused by Pampero winds which brings in cooler air. These winds can be strong following a hot day in advance of the cold fronts. The highest temperature recorded was 45.0 °C (113.0 °F) on October 31, 2009 while the lowest temperature recorded was −3.0 °C (26.6 °F) on July 16, 1962. The first foundation of "San Miguel de Tucumán y Nueva Tierra de Promisión"

1491-478: Is the city's airport (though located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) east of the city, in the neighboring department of Cruz Alta) serving over 290,000 passengers a year. There are daily flights to Buenos Aires , Jujuy , Santiago del Estero , Campo Arenal, the Minera Alumbrera Gold Mine, as well as international flights to Santa Cruz de la Sierra , Bolivia . The Mauricio Gilli Aerodrome is

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1562-448: Is the fifth-largest city of Argentina after Buenos Aires, Córdoba , Rosario and Mendoza and the most important of the northern region. The Spanish conquistador Diego de Villarroel founded the city in 1565 in the course of an expedition from present-day Peru . Tucumán moved to its present site in 1685. The city is bordered on the north by Las Talitas ( Tafí Viejo ), on the east by Banda del Río Salí and Alderetes (Cruz Alta), on

1633-468: Is the most densely populated, and the second-smallest by land area, of the provinces of Argentina . Located in the northwest of the country, the province has the capital of San Miguel de Tucumán , often shortened to Tucumán. Neighboring provinces are, clockwise from the north: Salta , Santiago del Estero and Catamarca . It is nicknamed El Jardín de la República ( The Garden of the Republic ), as it

1704-558: The Argentine Championship of Unions ; this is the greatest number won by a hinterland union. Other important rugby clubs of the city are Natación y Gimnasia , Cardenales , Tucumán Lawn Tennis , Los Tarcos , amongst others. The fans of the rugby of Tucumán are the most passionate among the Argentines. The city is served by several bus lines that have routes within the city limits, and some others that connect it to

1775-604: The Córdoba Central Railway and currently operated by freight company Trenes Argentinos Cargas y Logística . Railway stations in San Martín de Tucumán: Notes: San Miguel de Tucumán is home to two free-to-air television stations ( Channel 8 and Channel 10 ), four newspapers ( La Gaceta , El Siglo , El Periódico , El Tribuno de Tucumán ), three cable television companies (CCC, ATS, and TCC), and several radio stations. San Miguel de Tucuman

1846-767: The Intendancy of Salta del Tucumán , with its centre in Salta . José de San Martín arrived in Tucumán in 1813 and installed the military school. In 1814, the Intendancy of Salta was divided into the present provinces. On July 9, 1816, at the Congress of Tucumán , the Provincias Unidas del Río de la Plata ("United Provinces of the Río de la Plata") declared their independence from Spain . Internal conflicts delayed

1917-602: The National Technological University , and the private (and Catholic) Saint Thomas Aquinas University of the North and the Saint Paul T University . Since August 2008, the city has been the location of trials of high-ranking former military officers charged with war crimes from the 1976–83 dictatorship . Luciano Menéndez , a former colonel, was convicted for crimes against humanity, including

1988-597: The Provincia de Tucumán, Juríes y Diaguitas was organized. Because of frequent attacks by the indigenous peoples, the Malones , in 1685, San Miguel de Tucumán was moved by Miguel de Salas some 65 km from its first location, where it was redeveloped. The aborigines of the region presented a strong resistance to the Spanish, who decided to move the defeated tribes toward Buenos Aires . The most noted of these relocations

2059-746: The Río de la Plata and the Upper Peru and Santa Cruz de la Sierra , San Miguel de Tucumán was designated as the venue for the Congress of Independence. On July 9, 1816, the Independence of Argentina was declared, not only from Spain but from any other foreign domination. The act of the Independence was signed at the Casa de Tucumán , also named "Casa Histórica" or "Casa de la Independencia". By 1850

2130-590: The Saint Thomas Aquinas University of the North (1965) are in the city. On July 9, 1816, a congress gathered in Tucumán declared independence from Spain , which did not officially recognize it until 1862. The meeting place of the congress, the House of Tucumán , has been reconstructed as a national monument. After the national government broke down in 1820, the town was capital of the short-lived Republic of Tucumán . Its telephone code

2201-656: The Spanish colonization , this land was inhabited by the Diaguitas and Tonocotes . In 1533, Diego de Almagro explored the Argentine Northwest , including Tucumán. In 1549 the Peruvian governor Pedro de la Gasca granted Juan Núñez de Prado the territory of Tucumán. Prado established the first Spanish settlement at the town of Barco on the Dulce River . Prado named his province "Tucumán" after Tucumamahao, one of

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2272-589: The 18th century. The creation of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata in 1776 meant the end of the convoys from Perú to Buenos Aires. Tucumán, with 20,000 inhabitants by that time, suffered also from the British imports from the newly opened customs of Buenos Aires, no longer under the monopoly of the Spanish Crown. In 1783, the Intendancy of Tucumán was divided; Tucumán was set under the control of

2343-422: The 1960s and President Juan Carlos Onganía 's order to have 11 large state-owned sugar mills closed in 1966, hit Tucumán's economy hard, and ushered in an era of instability for the province. In 1975, President Isabel Perón declared a state of emergency in the province. The decree led to Operation Independence , an official military campaign at least as brutal on local magistrates, lawmakers, and faculty as it

2414-488: The 20th century, with the customs restrictions and the arrival of the railway , brought prosperous economic times for the province and its sugarcane production. Numerous landmarks were built, such as Ninth of July Park and the Tucumán Government Palace , and a daily newspaper founded in 1912, La Gaceta , became the most circulated Argentine daily outside Buenos Aires, but the sugar price crisis of

2485-668: The Argentine Northwest. The Teniente General Benjamín Matienzo International Airport has regular flights to Buenos Aires , Lima , Santiago , Cordoba and São Paulo , and receives almost 800,000 passengers every year. The most visited destinations of the Province are the Campo de los Alisos National Park , Valles Calchaquíes , Tafí del Valle , Ruins of Quilmes , the Diaguita community of Amaicha del Valle , and

2556-562: The Iglesia Nuestra Señora de Lourdes are some of the most important churches of the city. The Casa de Tucumán (or "Casa de la Independencia"), as the site of the declaration of independence of Argentina, is the most significant building in the city. After the Congress of Tucumán various people lived in the house and deterioration became visible over the years, which is clearly evident in the famous photo taken by Angel Paganelli in 1869. The Government of Argentina acquired

2627-401: The Independence of Argentina. After the battle of Tucumán, the same army led by Belgrano would achieve another victory in Salta . After those battles, Belgrano established a circular fortress known as "La Ciudadela", located 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from the current Plaza de la Independencia (former Plaza Mayor). Because it had patriot barracks and was located on an intermediate point between

2698-403: The army led by Manuel Belgrano . Belgrano had been obliged to fall back to Córdoba by the government of Buenos Aires, but the inhabitants of Tucumán called on him to resist another Spanish invasion. With his troops almost unarmed and tired but reinforced by local gauchos (calling themselves Los decididos de Tucumán ), Belgrano attacked the Spanish army from behind, defeating them and ensuring

2769-478: The city of San Miguel de Tucumán . Four important universities are in the province: Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (with 60,000 students), Universidad Tecnológica Nacional , Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino , and Universidad de San Pablo-T . In Argentina, the most important law enforcement organization is the Argentine Federal Police but the additional work is carried out by

2840-460: The city's population had increased considerably, surpassing the estimated registers. Because of that, in 1870 it was proposed that the city be expanded, setting new limits. During those years, the first railway line reached the city, built by British -owned Córdoba Central Railway . The immigrants arriving in the region (most of whom were Spanish, Arabic, Jewish, and Italian) influenced the architectural style that adapted to those new cultures, leaving

2911-535: The congressists. In 1942 the house was completely rebuilt, based on the original plans and the picture taken by Paganelli in 1869. For that purpose, the same kind of bricks, tejas (roof tiles) and baldosas (stone floor tiles) were used. Other notable buildings of San Miguel include the Teatro San Martín (with some elements in neoclassical style), and the Correo Central, made in a mix of styles and

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2982-602: The courts and the major radio stations. The conflict then spread to the barrios on the outskirts of Rosario. In light of the deteriorating situation, on 17 September the Army took charge. Colonel Leopoldo Galtieri (who would later become president of the military regime in 1981) was among the Army personnel involved in the repression. That evening, the Commander of the II Army Corps, Brig Gen. Herbert Robinson released

3053-642: The cultural spots in the country, in part due to the influence of the National University of Tucumán . It has been the birthplace and/or home of well-known personalities such as folk singer Mercedes Sosa , author Tomas Eloy Martínez , a professor at Rutgers University in the United States; musician Miguel Ángel Estrella , artist/architect Tomás Saraceno , painter Luis Lobo de la Vega , and many others. Two large theatres (San Martín and Alberdi) and several smaller and independent theaters offer

3124-439: The demonstration and killed student Adolfo Bello. The CGT labour union called for a "status of alert", and Bello's murder was denounced by the public. On 20 May, the students of Rosario announced a national strike (similar protests took place in other provinces). On 21 May, university student groups and secondary school students, along with the CGT, organized a silent march, which gathered 4,000 people. The police sent to put down

3195-443: The dominant military faction asked him to resign, which he refused to do. He was forced out of office by a military junta on 8 June 1970. San Miguel de Tucum%C3%A1n San Miguel de Tucumán ( Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsam miˈɣel de tukuˈman] ), usually called simply Tucumán , is the capital and largest city of Tucumán Province , located in northern Argentina 1,311 kilometres (815 mi) from Buenos Aires . It

3266-409: The dryness of the season: daytime highs are close to those in the summer, when rainfall and clouds are persistent, whereas spring is often sunny and arid. April marks the beginning of the fall, but temperatures remain near summer levels: 21 to 27 °C (69.8 to 80.6 °F) during the day, and 12 to 18 °C (53.6 to 64.4 °F) during the night. Rainfall decreases as fall progresses. Summers are

3337-575: The ensuing protest ended up with one student, Juan José Cabral, killed by the police. On 16 May 1969 the students of the Faculty of Medicine of the Universidad Nacional de Rosario expressed their rejection of such actions; other faculties joined them. The rector suspended university activities until next Monday. The next day a protest started at the cafeteria of the UNR. The police put down

3408-613: The final fusion of the provinces into the República Argentina . Following the failure of Argentina's first independence-era government, the Directorio , Governor Bernabé Aráoz on March 22, 1820, proclaimed the creation of the Federal Republic of Tucumán . The experiment collapsed, however, when the neighboring provinces of Catamarca and Santiago del Estero withdrew the following year. The beginning of

3479-524: The following statement: "The public is warned that in this mission, my troops are under orders to fire without warning on any outrage or attack." (Antenore 2004) From that point forward, the fight was effectively lost for the protesters. The Rozariazo ended with hundreds dead or wounded, and many arrested. The power of President Onganía was weakened by the Rosariazo and the Cordobazo , to the point that

3550-405: The historic house in 1874 with a view to its serving as a post office. Starting in the 1880s celebrations took place in the building to commemorate Independence. Nevertheless, the government did not remodel the house until 1903, when it was demolished almost completely due to its very poor condition. The only room that was preserved from demolition was the room where the Independence was declared by

3621-591: The hottest and most humid time of year. The average temperature during the summer ranges from 24 to 26 °C (75.2 to 78.8 °F). In the summer, one can expect daytime highs ranging from 30 to 31 °C (86.0 to 87.8 °F); at night, 19 to 20 °C (66.2 to 68.0 °F) are the norm. Much of the rainfall that the city receives occurs during the summer months and cloudy weather tends to be more common, averaging 11–13 overcast days and only 2–4 clear days per month. Heat waves can push temperatures up to 40 to 45 °C (104.0 to 113.0 °F). However, some relief

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3692-565: The kidnapping and disappearance of senator (Guillermo Vargas Aignasse) on the night of the golpe (coup) in 1976. Many Abuelas de la Plaza de Mayo (Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo) have been seen in and around the Tucumán trials. The convictions of Menéndez and Ricardo Bussi were the first of this round of prosecution of military leaders of the Jorge Rafael Videla dictatorship. Their sentencings were seen as symbolic victories for

3763-437: The leaders of the local people who formed an alliance with him. In 1552, Francisco de Aguirre was dispatched to take possession of the territory for Chile. Aguirre followed a repressive policy, triggering a rebellion by the native people. Outnumbered, the colonists were forced to move in 1553 to a new location, where they founded the town of Santiago del Estero . By 1565, Diego de Villaroel founded San Miguel de Tucumán and

3834-472: The mean temperatures are between 10 and 12 °C (50.0 and 53.6 °F). Easternmost parts of the province, which borders the Chaco region are home to the highest and lowest temperatures in the province where absolute maximum temperatures can exceed 40 °C (104.0 °F) while absolute minimum temperatures can reach close to −7 °C (19.4 °F) owing to the accumulation of cold air that descends from

3905-543: The mothers and grandmothers whose children or husbands were " disappeared " by the military during that dark period of Argentine history. Association football is the most popular sport in the city. San Miguel's main football clubs are Club Atlético San Martín de Tucumán and Club Atlético Tucumán . Club Atletico San Martín is based out of San Miguel de Tucumán and was founded in 1909. This team has won four total national titles (1944, 1988, 2005, and 2007–08) and several regional titles. The longtime rival, Club Atletico Tucumán,

3976-418: The mountains. At higher altitudes, the climate is cooler with summer temperatures averaging 20 °C (68.0 °F) and winter temperatures averaging 10 °C (50.0 °F). The annual temperature in the higher altitudes is 12 to 14 °C (53.6 to 57.2 °F) at an altitude of 2,500 metres (8,202.1 ft) above sea level. Within the valleys located between the mountains, temperatures are cooler with

4047-525: The neighbouring cities of Yerba Buena, El Manantial, Tafí Viejo, Las Talitas, Banda del Río Salí, and Alderetes. San Miguel de Tucumán enjoys one of the largest bus stations in Argentina. The 30,000 m estación central de ómnibus (opened in 1994) is the point from where hundreds of bus services arrive from and depart to almost all of the largest and mid-size cities throughout the country. The Teniente General Benjamín Matienzo International Airport (TUC/SANT)

4118-538: The original colonial style behind. Therefore, new buildings in the city were made in Neoclassical , eclectic and picturesque styles. During the first years of the 20th century, the city added 400 hectares (990 acres) for recreational uses, and the first great park (similar to those existing in Paris and London ) was thus established. By 1930 the city's population had doubled. The House of Government of Tucumán

4189-716: The per capita income of the province is of 8,000 dollars Known internationally for its prodigious sugarcane (with 2,300 km , and the sugar production, 60% of the country's), Tucumán's economy is quite diversified, and agriculture accounts for about 7% of output. After the sugar crisis of the 1960s, Tucumán tried to diversify its crops, and now cultivates, among others, lemons (world first producer), strawberries , kiwifruit , beans , banana , maize , alfalfa , and soybeans . Cattle, sheep, and goats are raised mainly for local consumption. Manufacturing in Tucumán initially centered on sugar production, but has diversified significantly since 1960. Sugar mills comprise about 15% to

4260-506: The protest had to retreat, but killed 15-year-old student Luis Blanco. This was later known as the first Rosariazo. That evening the city was declared an emergency zone under military jurisdiction. A massive worker strike was declared on 23 May in Rosario and the nearby Industrial Corridor . Blanco's funeral was attended by more than 7,000 people. On 29 May there was a general strike in the city of Córdoba, which brought police repression and

4331-600: The province's most important dam; Embalse Río Hondo on the Hondo River; La Angostura on de los Sosa River; and Escaba on the Marapa River. The Santa María River crosses the Valles Calchaquíes . Tucuman lies at the convergence of temperate climates and tropical climates further north, retaining characteristics of both in the lowlands. Furthermore, it is highly monsoonal, and depends also on elevation. As

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4402-643: The rainiest summer month. The eastward-facing slopes concentrate not only the heaviest precipitation, with spots around 1,800 mm (71 in) falling mostly in the 5 months of the summer monsoon, but also have a unique characteristic, which is that during part of the year, they are constantly immersed in a thick fog, providing humidity for the development of a thick jungle. The climate quickly becomes decidedly temperate with altitude, supporting different kinds of forest which even receive some snow every winter, finally reaching high-altitude grasslands with cool, windy weather year-round. The abundant precipitation creates

4473-615: The seat of the CGT and were joined by students, who had previously gathered at the faculties. The police were eventually overwhelmed by the protesters, who set up barricades and re-grouped in many different points throughout the city. Public transport vehicles were set on fire. Police control was limited to a few important buildings such as the Command Seat of the Second Army Corps, the Police Headquarters,

4544-493: The total economy. Besides the industrialisation of the sugarcane into sugar, paper, and alcohol, food, textile, automotive , and metallurgical industries are present. Among the latter, the freight- truck assembly operated by the Volkswagen Group -controlled Swedish Scania company is probably the best known. Mining is a minor activity, centered on salt, clay, lime, and other non-metallic extractions. The province

4615-550: The west by the city of Yerba Buena , and on the south by Lules. The city is located on the slopes of the Aconquija mountains, the easternmost mountain range before the large Chaco - Pampean flats. It is the commercial center of an irrigated area that produces large quantities of sugarcane , rice , tobacco , and fruit , giving the province its nickname, the Garden of the Republic. The National University of Tucumán (1914) and

4686-439: Was a massive uprising in Cipolletti , Río Negro . On 15 September the CGT of Rosario declared a strike, and on the morning of the next day the workers marched on the city. Street fighting and repression were widespread throughout the city. Between 100,000 and 250,000 people are estimated to have taken part in the protests, which later came to be known as the Second Rosariazo (or the Proletarian Rosariazo). The workers converged on

4757-498: Was built in Art Nouveau style at the end of 19th century. The White Room is commonly used to receive notable people who visit the city. In the city downtown, the San Miguel de Tucumán Cathedral still preserves some colonial elements and other elements from Italian architecture. The Basílica de San Francisco (also declared a historical heritage), the Parroquia de San Roque, Basílica del Santísimo Sacramento (known as "Iglesia de Santo Domingo"), Basílica de Nuestra Señora de la Merced and

4828-438: Was on May 31, 1565 by Diego de Villarroel in the Campos de Ibatín, 60 kilometres (37 mi) to the southwest from where the current city is located nowadays. The city was moved to "La Toma" (where the old town or casco histórico is placed today) in 1685, due to the low quality of Ibatín water. On September 24, 1812, the Battle of Tucumán took place near the city, when the Spanish army coming from Upper Peru were defeated by

4899-429: Was on its stated target, the ERP . Violence did not fully abate until the appointment of General Antonio Domingo Bussi , the operation's commander, as governor at the behest of the dictatorship that deposed Perón in 1976. Efficient as well as ruthless, Bussi oversaw the completion of several stalled public works, but also presided over some of the worst human rights abuses during that painful 1976-77 period. Retaining

4970-402: Was one of two co-hosts of the 1995 FIBA Americas Championship . The city is also a rugby union hotbed and hosts the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán , as well as the province's two most successful clubs: Tucumán Rugby Club and Universitario . The rugby of Tucumán is the second most powerful in the Argentine, behind the Rugby of the Buenos Aires Union. For eight times, the Naranjas (Oranges) won

5041-433: Was the case of the Quilmes , who were moved to the city of Quilmes . Tucumán was a midpoint for shipments of gold and silver from the Viceroyalty of Peru to Buenos Aires . It produced cattle, textiles, and wood products that provided supplies for the convoys on their way to Buenos Aires. Because of its important geographical position, and as head of the civil and Catholic governments, it acquired special importance during

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