Rabka-Zdrój ( pronounced [ˈrapka ˈzdrui̯] , in Goral dialects: Robka , colloquially: Rabka ) is a spa town in Lesser Poland Voivodeship , Poland . It is located between Kraków and Zakopane in a valley on the northern slopes of the Gorce Mountains , where the rivers Poniczanka and Słonka join the river Raba . It has about 13,000 inhabitants. There is a substantial population of Gorals in the town.
23-425: Rabka was always known for its salt-works, and from 1864 became a popular spa town . The first treatment centre for children was established a few years later and continues to this day. Hydrotherapy continues to be utilised in local hospital and sanatoriums. The Władysław Orkan Museum established in a former 17th-century larch-wood church, includes a collection of folk sculpture and paintings on glass. It also houses
46-405: A century before that the region was already inhabited and was on the passageway between São Paulo and Minas Gerais. It was elevated to the status of city on 21 April 1885. At the end of the 19th century, the region received a large influx of European immigrants, mostly Italians , who came to work on coffee farms . Mineral water sources were discovered by Luiz Rielli in 1928 and the city became
69-514: A growing number of spa towns. The traditional ones are: Águas de Lindoia , Serra Negra , Águas de São Pedro , Caxambu , Poços de Caldas , Caldas Novas , Araxá , and São Lourenço . Bulgaria is known for its more than 500 mineral springs, including the hottest spring in the Balkans at Sapareva Banya - 103 °C. Other famous spa towns include Sandanski , Hisarya , Bankya , Devin , Kyustendil , Varshets , Velingrad . In Bulgarian ,
92-600: A much sought-after spa town (it is known as the "City of Health"). In 1962, war criminal and Nazi physician, Josef Mengele , also known as the Angel of Death purchased a coffee and cattle farm in Serra Negra with 2 of his associates Géza and Gitta Stammer, with Josef owning a half interest. In telecommunications, the city was served by Companhia Telefônica Brasileira until 1973, when it began to be served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo . In July 1998, this company
115-732: A spa town. Spa towns in South Africa include: Spa towns in Spain include: Taiwan is home to a number of towns and cities with tourism infrastructure centered on hot springs. These include: There are several spa towns in Turkey . The most famous of these is Pamukkale, Denizli where the Pamukkale thermal springs are located. Some but not all UK spa towns contain "Spa", "Wells", or "Bath" in their names, e.g., Matlock Bath . Some towns are designated Spa Heritage Towns. Two out of four of
138-465: Is a resort town based on a mineral spa (a developed mineral spring ). Patrons visit spas to "take the waters" for their purported health benefits. Thomas Guidott set up a medical practice in the English town of Bath in 1668. He became interested in the curative properties of the hot mineral waters there and in 1676 wrote A discourse of Bathe, and the hot waters there. Also, Some Enquiries into
161-638: Is rich in thermal waters with health benefits, and many spa towns are popular tourist destinations. Budapest has several spas , including Turkish style spas dating back to the 16th century. Eger also has a Turkish spa. Other famous spas include the ones at Hévíz , Harkány , Bük , Hajdúszoboszló , Gyula , Bogács , Bükkszék , Zalakaros , the Cave Bath at Miskolctapolca and the Zsóry-fürdő at Mezőkövesd . In Italy , spa towns, called città termale (from Latin thermae ), are very numerous all over
184-514: Is the largest spa town in Germany. The most popular spa towns in Greece are Aidipsos , Agkistro, Serres , Loutraki , Kamena Vourla , Kimolos , Loutra Kyllinis , Sidirokastro, Serres , Lakkos Milos , Loutrochori, Aridaia, Pella (Pozar) In Hungary , the word fürdő or the more archaic füred ("bath"), fürdőváros ("spa town") or fürdőhely ("bathing place") implies a spa town. Hungary
207-659: The West Bohemian Spa Triangle of Karlovy Vary , Františkovy Lázně and Mariánské Lázně , listed on UNESCO World Heritage Site . Other important spas are Luhačovice , Teplice , Jáchymov , Konstantinovy Lázně , Jeseník , Třeboň , Poděbrady , Bechyně or Velké Losiny . Traditionally, Hanko , Rauma and Kalajoki have been considered spa towns. Today there are more than 50 spas ( kylpylä ) in Finland; some towns known for their spa centers include Ikaalinen , Naantali and Imatra . In France ,
230-797: The "Order of the Smile Museum" (which children award to adults) and hosts events such as a winter carnival, the Carpathian Festival of Children's Regional Ensembles and the Mountain Children's Holiday International Festival. Other entertainment and folk events are held in the summer season. During World War II , the Germans established a Nazi police school called the Sipo-SD Academy in the town, to train executioners and torturers. The school and its surroundings were
253-538: The "Spa Centre of Australia". In Queensland , many towns have mineral springs created by artesian bores into the Great Artesian Basin , often the only or primary water supply to the towns. Some of these towns had periods of popularity as spa towns, including Ararmac , Barcaldine , Dalby , Helidon , Innot Hot Springs , and Muckadilla , mostly in the late 1800s and early 1900s when mineral spas were believed to cure various medical conditions. However,
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#1732802631147276-412: The English towns granted the title "Royal", Royal Leamington Spa and Royal Tunbridge Wells , are spa towns. Terms used in various countries: Serra Negra Serra Negra is a municipality in the state of São Paulo , Brazil . It belongs to the meso-region of Campinas . Population (2020) was 29,452 inhabitants. Total area: 203,5 km , demographic density: 112 inhabitants/km The name of
299-642: The Nature of the water . This brought the purported health-giving properties of the waters to the attention of the aristocracy, who started to partake in them soon after. The term spa is used for towns or resorts offering hydrotherapy , which can include cold water or mineral water treatments and geothermal baths. There are mineral springs in the Central Highlands of Victoria . Most are in and around Daylesford and Hepburn Springs . Daylesford and Hepburn Springs call themselves "Spa Country" and
322-473: The affix). Portugal is well known by famous spa towns throughout of the country. Due to its high quality, as well as the landscape where are located, the most important ones are: In Romania , the word Băile implies a spa town. The most famous spa towns in Romania are Băile Herculane , Băile Felix , Mangalia , Covasna , Călimănești & Borsec . Serbia is known for its many spa cities. Some of
345-966: The best known springs are the Vrnjačka Banja , Bukovička Banja , Vrujci , Sokobanja and Niška Banja . The hottest spring in Serbia is at Vranjska Banja (96°C) In Serbia, the word Banja implies a spa town. Slovakia is well known by its spa towns. The most famous is the city of Piešťany in Trnava Region . Other notable spa towns in Slovakia include: Spa towns in Slovenia include Rogaška Slatina , Radenci , Čatež ob Savi , Dobrna , Dolenjske Toplice, Šmarješke Toplice, Moravske Toplice , Rimske Toplice , Laško and Topolšica . They offer accommodation in hotels, apartments, bungalows, and camp sites. The Slovenian words terme or toplice imply
368-545: The city means black mountain range in the Portuguese language . It is located at an altitude of 925 m, in the Serra da Mantiqueira , a mountain range which runs mostly along the border of the state of São Paulo and Minas Gerais . It has a mild climate, being also a busy tourism spot, similarly to its close neighbours, the cities of Lindóia and Águas de Lindóia . Serra Negra was founded on 23 September 1828, but at least
391-630: The country because of the intense geological activity of the territory. These places were known and used since the Roman age. Most spa towns in Poland are located in the Lesser Poland and Lower Silesian Voivodeships. Some of them have an affix " Zdrój " in their name (written with hyphen or separately), meaning "water spring", to denote their spa status, but this is not a general rule (e.g. Ciechocinek and Inowrocław are spa towns, but do not use
414-618: The permanent staff and the Jewish workers. It has been estimated that over thirty Jewish roundups were conducted on the neighborhoods surrounding the school. The rounded up Jews were executed inside the school and in the woods behind the school with particularly pious Jews being treated the worst. To cover up the numerous murders at the school Rosenbaum ordered the Rabka Town Clerk, Cheslav Triboski, to register their deaths as “victims of heart attacks.” Spa town A spa town
437-523: The place of numerous atrocities before it was eventually closed down as the war approached its end and the Germans left. The Commandant of the school was originally SS Hauptsturmfuhrer Hans Krueger and the deputy and police secretary was SS Untersturmfuhrer Wilhelm Karl Johannes Rosenbaum . The Nazi Police training school was originally situated in Zakopane , but was moved to Rabka in July 1940 along with
460-691: The remote locations of most of these towns made them expensive to visit and only small-scale spa facilities developed there. Helidon, a day trip from Brisbane by car, was more successful, particularly with growing owernship of cars after World War II . However, concerns about radioactivity and bacterial contamination resulted in the Helidon Spa falling into disuse by 1994. Many towns in Queensland continue to provide bathing facilities fed by hot springs, but these are promoted as relaxing holiday activities rather than as medical treatments. Brazil has
483-705: The word for a spa is баня (transliterated banya ). Harrison Hot Springs is one of the oldest among 18 in British Columbia; there are also two in Alberta and one in Ontario. In Croatia , the word Toplice implies a spa town. The most famous spa towns in Croatia are Daruvar , Šibenik and Sisak . In Czech , the word Lázně implies a spa town. The most famous spa towns in Czech Republic are
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#1732802631147506-950: The words bains , thermes and eaux in city names often imply a spa town. There are more than 50 spa towns in France, including Vichy , Aix-les-Bains , Bagnoles-de-l'Orne , Dax , and Enghien-les-Bains . Borjomi is one such example in south Georgia. In Germany , the word Bad implies a spa town. Among the many famous spa towns in Germany are Bad Aachen , Baden-Baden , Bad Brückenau , Bad Ems , Bad Homburg , Bad Honnef , Bad Kissingen , Bad Kreuznach , Bad Mergentheim , Bad Muskau , Bad Oeynhausen , Bad Pyrmont , Bad Reichenhall , Bad Saarow , Bad Schandau , Bad Schönborn , Bad Segeberg , Bad Soden , Bad Tölz , Bad Wildbad , Bad Wimpfen , Bad Wildstein , Berchtesgaden , Binz , Freudenstadt , Heiligendamm , Heringsdorf , Kampen , Königstein , Radebeul , Schwangau , St. Blasien , Titisee , Tegernsee , Travemünde and Zingst . Wiesbaden
529-528: Was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012. The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable). Christianity is present in the city as follows: The Catholic church in the municipality is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Amparo . The most diverse evangelical beliefs are present in
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