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27-773: Raglan Squire (1912–2004) was a British architect known for his building designs in London and many parts of the world. He was also one of the chief architects who rebuilt Eaton Square in London 's Belgravia district between 1945 and 1949 as part of the Temporary Housing Programme . Raglan Squire, the eldest son of the poet and critic J C (later Sir John) Squire , was born in London and educated at Blundell's School in Tiverton and at St John's College, Cambridge to read Architecture. Upon graduation Rag spent

54-456: A party of attractive ladies wearing the national costume of Wales accompanied by Ivor and Albertina Herbert of Llanover's Harpist playing for the occasion. Between 1916 and 1917, building 87 briefly became the "Countess of Dundonald Hospital", treating many of the wounded in the Great War, George V and Queen Consort Mary of Teck visited the patients at the hospital, they were greeted by

81-607: A site which is included on the Register at Grade I or Grade II*. An online searchable register of all registered parks and gardens that are legally protected through the designation system, has been incorporated into the National Heritage List for England currently available through the Historic England website. This shows the relevant list entry which describes the park or garden, and shows where it

108-643: A year working on building sites, followed by four years working in architects' offices and studying part-time for his RIBA exams at the Regent Street Polytechnic 's evening classes in the early 1930s. In 1937 Squire set up in practice and during World War II he served with the Royal Engineers and helped establish the RIBA Reconstruction Committee, many of whose recommendations were put into practice during

135-438: Is a material consideration in the planning process so, following a planning application for development which would affect a registered park or garden, local planning authorities must take into account the historic interest of the site when deciding whether or not to grant permission for any changes. Although the inclusion brings no additional statutory controls in itself, English local authorities are required by government to take

162-410: Is based around documentary research and field survey which attempts to classify and date each park according to set criteria. These are: As with listed buildings, parks and gardens are graded on a scale, Grade I being internationally significant sites are therefore the most important and constitute around 10% of the total number. Historically important gardens are Grade II* (about 30% of the total) and

189-593: Is larger but less grand than the central feature of the district, Belgrave Square , and both larger and grander than Chester Square . The first block was laid out by Thomas Cubitt from 1827. In 2016 it was named as the "Most Expensive Place to Buy Property in Britain", with a full terraced house costing on average £17 million — many of such town houses have been converted, within the same, protected structures, into upmarket apartments. The six adjoining, tree-planted, central gardens of Eaton Square are Grade II listed on

216-569: Is on a map. Not all designated parks and gardens are open to the public. Information on historic parks and gardens can also be searched online via Parks & Gardens UK (a partnership between the Association of Gardens Trusts and the University of York ). This site does not claim to have any statutory authority and includes a wider range of sites across the UK. Eligibility for the register

243-609: The Chelsea Barracks . Eaton Square Eaton Square is a rectangular, residential garden square in London 's Belgravia district. It is the largest square in London . It is one of the three squares built by the landowning Grosvenor family when they developed the main part of Belgravia in the 19th century that are named after places in Cheshire — in this case Eaton Hall , the Grosvenor country house . It

270-457: The Register of Historic Parks and Gardens . All of the buildings (No.s 1–7, 8-12A, 14–23, 24 and 24a to 48, 51–62, 63–66, Eaton House (No. 66a), 67–71, 72, 73–82, 83–102 and 103–118) are statutorily listed , specifically at Grade II* save as to 1 to 7 and 63 to 66a which are in the mainstream, initial category of grade II. No.s 103 to 105 are leased and internally converted into

297-901: The 1950s and 1960s, Raglan Squire & Partners was involved in several British projects, including large office blocks in Croydon and a notable factory at Farnborough . Squire was also much in demand abroad, particularly in Singapore and the Middle East , and had a long and fruitful relationship with the Hilton Hotel chain, including the Royal Tehran Hilton , the Tunis Hilton, the Cyprus Hilton in Nicosia,

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324-606: The Bahrain Hilton and the 400-room Jakarta Hilton. In the 1970s he worked in the Netherlands , Jamaica (where he designed the beachside Inter-Continental Hotel at Ocho Rios ) and Malta ; he also designed the spectacular Bank of America building in Singapore. Squire retired from active practice in 1981. The architect Michael Squire , of Squire and Partners , is his son, and is probably best known for redesigning

351-729: The Belgian Embassy, as is No. 106 for the Bolivian Embassy. The K6 red telephone box outside No. 103 is Grade II listed. The houses in Eaton Square are large, predominantly three-bay-wide buildings, joined in regular terraces in a classical style, with four or five main storeys, plus attic and basement and a mews house behind. Most of the houses are faced with white stucco , but some are faced with underlying high-quality brickwork. Sides are set 350 feet (110 m) apart 1,615 feet (492 m) apart. As to roads:

378-539: The British and, although a wealth of historic parks and gardens exist, they are a fragile and finite resource: they can easily be damaged beyond repair or lost forever. Since 1995, the Garden History Society has been a statutory consultee in relation to planning proposals which affect historic designed landscapes identified by Historic England as being of national significance and which are included on

405-543: The Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England. This means that when a planning authority receives a planning application which affects a site on the Register, or the setting of such a site, the planning authority must consult the Garden History Society. This applies to registered sites of all grades. In addition, Historic England must be consulted where a planning proposal affects

432-524: The Staff and Countess of Dundonald herself. Before World War II, homes on the street ranked as those of the upper class but was outranked by comparators in Belgrave Square , Grosvenor Square , St James's Square or Park Lane . The aftermath of that war saw most of those converted to commercial and institutional uses, leaving the square almost wholly residential, raising its prominence. Some of

459-538: The future. It is hoped that listing sites of special interest will increase awareness of their value and encourage those who own them, or who have a part to play in their protection, to treat the sites with due care, whether this is a question of carrying out appropriate maintenance or making changes to the site. If a park or garden has been registered using the designation process under the National Heritage Act 1983 it has legal protection. Registration

486-540: The grand approach ways. Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of special historic interest in England The Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England provides a listing and classification system for historic parks and gardens similar to that used for listed buildings . The register was set up by Historic England under the provisions of the National Heritage Act 1983 . Over 1,600 sites are listed, ranging from

513-440: The grounds of large stately homes to small domestic gardens, as well other designed landscapes such as town squares, public parks and cemeteries. The register is published on the National Heritage List for England alongside other national heritage designations. The register aims to "celebrate designed landscapes of note, and encourage appropriate protection", so safeguarding the features and qualities of key landscapes for

540-492: The houses remain undivided but many have been internally converted into flats or multi-storey instances ( maisonettes ) by permission or instruction of the Grosvenor Estate . These are often lateral conversions – that is, they cut across more than one of the original houses – let under typical long leases across the uppermost price bracket, their exact price depending on size, lease duration and amenity. The façades of

567-656: The north-east end is St Peter's , a 200-feet-long, tree-lined Church of England church, in a classical style, fronted by a six-columned Ionic portico behind which is a slender clock tower. It was designed by Henry Hakewill and built between 1824 and 1827 (during the square's building). Between 1940 and 1944 the Belgian government in exile occupied its three numbers which have been long used as that country's embassy in Britain and further premises in central London as their lesser homes and offices. The Bellamy family of Upstairs, Downstairs lived in "165" Eaton Place , one of

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594-603: The protection of the historic environment into account in their policies and resource allocations. If material changes are made to a registered park or garden without having been granted planning permission first, local planning authorities may require that the changes are undone and, in extreme cases, a prosecution may result. The register is also used in influencing management decisions, to improve public awareness of important parks and elements within them and to encourage their owners to preserve and maintain them. Gardening and landscape design have long been important preoccupations to

621-463: The rebuilding of London after the war. In 1948 Squire founded Raglan Squire & Partners; their early commissions including educational and industrial buildings. He was also involved in the redevelopment of Eaton Square in Belgravia , working for the Grosvenor Estate , in charge of the conversion of 100 houses in Eaton Square. In 1952 Squire embarked on his first major overseas project when he

648-599: The square assume the name Eaton Square and most of them are one-way, with no full outer circuit in any one direction permitted or possible. In 1900, the Welsh Industrial Association held an exhibition at 83 Eaton Square, rented by the Winifred, Countess of Dundonald , the event was visited by Alexandra, Princess of Wales . The person presiding over the refreshment room exhibition was Kathleen, Duchess of Wellington, assisted by Mrs A. J. Warden, with

675-686: The square remain as imagined and built. Most but not all of the freeholds still belong to the Grosvenor Group. Hugh Grosvenor, 7th Duke of Westminster , who inherited the Duke of Westminster title from his father Gerald Grosvenor in 2016, uses one as his London home. Until the 1920s, his predecessors lived in Grosvenor House the mansion forerunner to the Grosvenor House Hotel on Park Lane facing Hyde Park . Co-fronting

702-534: The whole rectangle is divided into six compartments or zones as it is bisected lengthways by the Victoria or Buckingham Palace approach way to the King's Road which is very diversely and briefly successively named northeast of Sloane Square ). Crossways, it is spanned by four less important roads, all of which change name before during and after their transit across the square. All of the roads while in transit across

729-589: Was commissioned to design the Engineering College at Rangoon University in Burma . He regarded this project as the high point of his career, and it opened the door to commissions all over the world. He was particularly proud of his design for the assembly hall at Rangoon. His other foreign work included a town planning scheme for Mosul in Iraq , and a report for Baghdad airport, both in 1955. Throughout

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