47-581: The Raikut family was a princely family that controlled large estates in Jalpaiguri what is now West Bengal , India, first as subjects to the state of Koch Bihar , later as Zamindars to the Mughal rulers of Bengal , and then to British Raj . Their story parallels that of the Bardhaman Raj , from the same region. The Raikat family is a collateral branch of Koch dynasty which took control of
94-596: A country by Ngawang Namgyal , 1st Zhabdrung Rinpoche in the mid–17th century. After his death in 1651, Bhutan nominally followed his recommended " Dual System of Government ". Under the dual system, government control was split between a secular leader, the Druk Desi ( འབྲུག་སྡེ་སྲིད་ , a.k.a. Deb Raja ); and a religious leader, the Je Khenpo ( རྗེ་མཁན་པོ་ ). Both the Druk Desi and Je Khenpo were under
141-516: A long prosecution, the High Court of Calcutta dismissed the claim of Rupendra and declared the descendants of Rani Ashrumati Devi as the legal heir of the deceased Raja. Presently, most of the properties have undertaken by Government of West Bengal for restoration. Though, in one portion of the royal building, the family of Rani Ashrumati's descendants live and they only perform the royal family rituals and customs until today. Hirrannaprova Devi,
188-598: A nominal tribute. This is said to have signed in 1682 at the time of Svja Khan. After the Battle of Plassey , the Dewani of Bengal , Bihar and Odisha came under East India Company in 1765. This estate was then temporarily included in the Dewani, placed under Rangpur District and received the benefit of permanent settlement. The Rajas of Baikunthoupur paid tributes to the Maharaja of Cooch-Behar. In 1621, Mahi Dev Raikat,
235-603: A woman, could not succeed according to customs of the family; however, the British Court of Rangpur decided in favour of Makranda as both. The Brahmo marriage, of which Rajendra was the son, and the Gandharbo marriage, of which Makranda was the son, were both legitimate marriages, and Makaranda being elder was to succeed Sarvo Dev. After the death of Makaranda, his eldest son Chandra Sekhar succeeded, but after Chandra Sekhar, his brother Jogendra Dev became Raikut. In fact, of
282-530: Is also available from Jalpaiguri to Kolkata (Banglashree Express). There are several bus stands in Jalpaiguri:- The nearest airport is Bagdogra Airport , Siliguri , which lies 45 km north-west from Jalpaiguri city centre, with regular flights to major cities like Kolkata , New Delhi , Mumbai , Chennai , Bangalore , Hyderabad , Ahmedabad , Guwahati and has international connectivity with Paro and Bangkok . Jalpaiguri's schools are run by
329-537: Is headed by a chairman who is elected by the residents of the city. It has 25 wards that elect the ward councilors. The All India Trinamool Congress is in the power of this municipal body. The chairperson of the municipality is Papia Pal. Jalpaiguri has its own bank, the Jalpaiguri Central Co-operative Bank, whose head office is located at Temple Street of the city. Founded in 1919, it has more than 20 branches with ATMs spread across
376-545: Is one of the famous celebration of the District from past few hundred years till now-a-days. It is generally held on the last day of Bengali month Shraban , i.e., middle of the month of July. Thousands of small craftsmen, artists, vendors came here to trade their articles in this course of time from all over the districts. Previously, the Mela lasts for a long joyous fortnight, but now-a-days it has cut short for only seven days. On
423-455: Is situated at a height of 89m(292ft) from Mean Sea Level. The city lies very close to the Himalayas and on the left bank of Teesta river. The Karla river is another major river of Jalpaiguri which flows through the city. The annual average temperature of Jalpaiguri city is 24.8 °C. In summer, the temperature varies from a minimum of 20–22 °C to a maximum of 30–35 °C. August
470-497: Is the hottest month with an average temperature of 29.2 °C. The temperature in peak summer sometimes exceeds 37 °C. The highest temperature ever recorded in Jalpaiguri was 40.9 °C, recorded on 21 July 1986. The winter maximum temperature here hovers around 22–25 °C and minimum drops to 8–10 °C. The minimum temperature sometimes falls below 7 °C. The lowest temperature ever dropped in Jalpaiguri city
517-772: The East India Company , in 1765. This estate was then temporarily included in the Dewan and was placed under Rangpur District and received the benefit of permanent settlement. In 1771, after the treaty of Bhutan with the East India Company, the British annexed Baikunthapur, and the Raikat was placed on the footing as a Zamindar and assessed a revenue of Rs. 30,000 per year. The Zamandaery was named Batrishazari. The motive seems to have been an attempt to stabilise
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#1732775987012564-609: The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE), or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE). They usually choose a focus on liberal arts, business, or science. Vocational programs are also available. In 2012, the Government proposed a medical college for the suburb of Paharpur. Colleges include: List of rulers of Bhutan Parliament Judiciary Bhutan was founded and unified as
611-670: The Kamata Kingdom in 1515. The family founder was Sisya Singha (earlier known as Sisu), brother of Biswa Singha who established the Koch dynasty. Sisya Singha held the umbrella during Biswa Singha's coronation and was made the Raikat (lit: chieftain of the fortress ) and commander-in-chief of the Koch army. He was given the region called Vaikunthapur (present-day Jalpaiguri district ) as appanage . He established his seat at Siliaguri or Silikhaguri (modern-day Siliguri ). The seat of
658-561: The Kamrup region in Assam . Therefore, they had observed all the rites as Hindus in every aspect of lives without dismantling their tribal connections. The Raikut rajas were great devotees of Lord Shiva , Durga and Manasa , prime Hindu deities. They observed the Durga Puja and Manasa-puja with the same overwhelming pomp. The mela held in the premises of Rajbari in the time of Manasa-puja
705-669: The Lepcha tribe. Rupendra alleged that the Raja had married her according to the Gandharba form. The suit was contested by Rani Asrumati and the agnatic relations who denied that there had been any marriage between the Raja and the mother of the respondent Rupendra. The suit was transferred to the High Court at Calcutta , by an order made on 12 April 1949, under clause 13 of its Letters Patent. The respondent Rupendra made an application to
752-469: The head of state of the Kingdom of Bhutan . Below appears the list of Druk Desis throughout the existence of the office. Officeholders were initially appointed by Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal , though after his death the Je Khenpo and civil government decided appointments. Italics indicate coregencies and caretaker governments, which are not traditionally separately numbered. The Bhutanese monarchy
799-570: The 12 raikuts who successively had possession of the Estate prior to Sarva Dev, they were succeeded by two brothers and one by a nephew. After the death of Jogendra Dev Raikut, in March 1878, the 18th ruler of the dynasty, a succession case went up to the provincial (Privy) council of England, between Fanindra Dev Raikut, youngest son of Sarva Dev Raikat, and Rajeswar Das (Jagadindra Dev Raikut), minor adopted son and half-brother of Rani Jagadeswari, one of
846-526: The Bhutanese attacked again, captured the palace and massacred the royal family, including Basudev Narayan. The Raikats Yogyadev and Bhujdev intervened again, defeating the invaders in a fierce battle on the banks of the Manas river . The Raikats then crowned Mahendra Narayan (1682–1693 CE), a five-year-old grandson of Pran Narayan, as the next Maharajah. During the minority rule of Mahendra Narayan, Koch Bihar
893-538: The Biswa Bangla Krirangan/ Jalpaiguri Sports Village. It lies 35 km (22 mi) east of its twin city , Siliguri . The merging of the two cities makes it the largest metropolis of the region . The name "Jalpaiguri" comes from the word "Jalpai " meaning Ceylon olive , which grew in the city and adjacent areas. And "Guri" means a place. Jalpaiguri is the district headquarter of Jalpaiguri District . It
940-516: The District. The municipality is responsible for providing basic services, such as potable water and sanitation . The water is supplied by the municipal authorities using its groundwater resources, and almost all the houses in the municipal area are connected through the system. Jalpaiguri city region has four important railway stations:- The Asian Highway 2 and the National Highway 31D [ NH 27 (New Numbering)] passes just through
987-528: The East India Company's property. Captain Stuart was sent to subdue the rising of the force. Captain Stuart defeated both Darpa Dev Raikat and the sanyasis and took possession of the city of Jalpaiguri. The letter of Captain Stuart addressed to PM Dacres, Chairman of the committee of the Rangpur circuit, on 3 February 1773, is reproduced below. At two in the afternoon I made a second march and took possession in
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#17327759870121034-424: The High Court, in that suit for appointment of a receiver, but it was dismissed on 29 July 1952. There was an appeal from this order, but the records do not show that it succeeded. It appears that two agnatic relations, namely, Kumar Guru Charan and Kumar Jitendra filed suits in the High Court at Calcutta, each claiming title to the estate as the sole heir of the deceased Raja. All these suits are still pending. After
1081-681: The Metropolitan region had a population of 169,002 people (85,226 males and 83,787 females). The population for children aged 0-6 was 14,522. Effective literacy rate for people aged 7+ was 86.43 per cent. The main languages spoken here are Bengali , Hindi and Nepali . Civic administration is the responsibility of the Jalpaiguri Municipality which is the sixth oldest in West Bengal after that of Kolkata , Howrah , Berhampore , Burdwan and Siuri . Set up in 1885, it
1128-769: The Muslims repeatedly attacked Cooch-Behar. Satyanarayan (according to some "Santanarayan"), the then-Dewan of Cooch-Behar, defeated both of them and forced the Mughals to peace in 1771. On the death of Maharajah Madan Narayan of Koch Bihar in 1680, with no immediate successor, Koch Bihar was attacked by the Bhutan army. The Raikats of Baikunthapur sent troops and helped force the Bhutia army to retreat. The Raikats crowned Basudev Narayan (1680–1682 CE) as Maharajah and helped establish peace, before returning to their home. Two years later,
1175-423: The Raikat family was shifted to the present site in Jalpaiguri city by Jayanto Deb Raikat, who ruled during the years 1793–1800. The big pond which exits today near the palace was excavated at the time of Sarva Dev, who ruled from 1800 to 1847. Baikunthopur Estate was not included in any Sarkar of Muslim division of the country. Although some accounts say that it transferred its allegiance to them and agreed to pay
1222-650: The Raikat of Vaikunthapur signified his independence by refusing to hold the umbrella over the Cooch-Behar Raja at the coronation of Birnarayan, and also refused to pay the annual tribute. Even after that, the Rajas of Baikunthopur, Bhuj Dev Raikat and Jagat Deb Raikat helped the Maharajas of Cooch-Behar in 1680, to drive out the Bhutias who attacked Cooch-Behar. But from 1687 onwards, the Rajas of Vaikunthapur and
1269-665: The Rajas of Baikunthopur and the Muslim rulers of Bengal repeatedly attacked Koch Bihar, now dominated by Bhutan. The Faujdar of Rangpur, representing the Nawab of Bengal Shuja-ud-din (1727–1739), pressured the Raikats to accept the suzerainty of the Nawab, sometime between 1736 and 1739. However, the Faujdar had to invade the territory in 1756 to enforce the claim. As late as 1772, the Raikats were paying only Rs. 10,000 tribute, instead of
1316-623: The Rs. 30,651 agreed in 1763. The Baikunthopur Estate was established by Siswa Singh, after defeating the King of Bhutan and Gour in 1522, covering an area of 328 square miles (850 km). His capital was at first built in today's Bodaganj in the thick forests near the Teesta river and in the Rajganj Block of Jalpaiguri district. It was shifted to the present site Jalpaiguri in the open plains by
1363-802: The banks of the Teesta River which is the second largest river in West Bengal after the Ganges , on the foothills of the Himalayas . The city is home to the circuit bench of the Kolkata High Court , the other seat being at Port Blair in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands . Jalpaiguri features the Jalpaiguri Government Engineering College , the second campus of the University of North Bengal and
1410-533: The city connecting it right with the rest of the country. The Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Central Bus Terminus situated next to the North Bengal State Transport Corporation (NBSTC) Bus Terminal is a major stop for most private and state-owned buses in the region. The Royal Government of Bhutan also operates buses from Jalpaiguri to its border town Jaigaon / Phuentsholing , Bhutan . Air-conditioned sleeper coach bus service
1457-525: The court of Rangapur, with what results not exactly known, and the rest fled to Nepal and Bhutan. The independent Baikunthopur Estate ended with Darpa Dev Raikut, the 12th ruler, in 1774, after the reign of 230 years. The zamindari was abolished in 1955, after 180 years under the Bengal Estate Acquisition Act of 1954. In 1800, Sarva Dev Raikut, the 14th ruler after Shiva Singha, succeeded his father, Jayanto Dev. His title
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1504-453: The first day of Mela, it has been a declared local holiday for all the offices, schools and colleges of Jalpaiguri. Jalpaiguri Jalpaiguri is a city in the Indian state of West Bengal . It is the headquarters of the Jalpaiguri district as well as of the Jalpaiguri division of West Bengal, covering the jurisdiction of the five districts of North Bengal . The city is located on
1551-461: The first wif of Raja Prasanna Dev Raikut was not interested in the matter of the estate of the Jalpaiguri property. In Calcutta, Raja settled, so Hironnaprava along with his four sons, Satendra kumar, Birendra kumar, Sourendra kumar and Dhirendra kumar, came to Calcutta in the late 1920s. The Raikuts claimed themselves as Hindu kshatriya though they are actually the descendants of the Koch tribes from
1598-491: The five Chaklas: (1) Patgram, (2) Devigunj, (3) Boda, (4) Pachaghar, and (5) Titalla within the zamindari of Cooch-Behar. Under the Radcliffe award of the partition of this district in 1947, these five Chaklas were transferred to East Pakistan. The present Jalpaiguri District consists of the old Baikunthopur Estate and the western Duars. Sarva Dev Raikut died in 1847 (according to Milligan). He left seven sons. Dogra dev Raikut
1645-425: The name of Honorable company of Jellpyegaurie, the fortress and Capital of Baikunthopur country, which the Rajas in the height of his consternation evacuated. In 1789, a large body of sannyasis occupied Baikuntopur, whence they issued on their predatory excursions. They were defeated and practically starved out, as British soldiers closed all roads of exit. Within twelve months, 549 sannyasis were brought to trial in
1692-709: The nominal authority of the Zhabdrung Rinpoche, a reincarnation of Ngawang Namgyal. In practice however, the Zhabdrung was often a child under the control of the Druk Desi, and regional penlops often administered their districts in defiance of the power of the Druk Desis until the rise of the unified Wangchuck dynasty in 1907. Since the rise of the unified Wangchuck family in 1907, the Druk Gyalpo ( འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་པོ་ ; lit. " Dragon King") have been
1739-409: The northern frontier of Bengal, then subject to raids by Gurkhas and Bhutias through the Raikat territories, but the policy was not immediately effective. In 1773, Darpa Dev Raikat, the Raja of Baikunthopur, with the help of some bandits from Morang hills ( Darjeeling and Nepal Terai ), called sanyasis , and in collaboration with the Bhutias, continued attack on the territory of Cooch-Behar and
1786-459: The rainy days in Jalpaiguri city are 100. The heaviest one-day rainfall occurred on 10 July 1999 when 474 mm rain fell on the city. The wettest month was July 1996. In that month, a total of 1546.2 mm of rain was received. Jalpaiguri doesn't get snowfall. Humidity is very high in the air. Languages of Jalpaiguri (2011 census) According to the 2011 census, Jalpaiguri had a population of 107,341 people (53,708 male and 53,633 female) while
1833-495: The state government or private organisations, many of which are religious. Bengali and English are the primary languages of instruction; Nepali and Hindi are also used. Schools in Jalpaiguri follow the "10+2+3" plan . After completing their secondary education, students typically enroll in schools that have a higher secondary facility and are affiliated with the West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education ,
1880-483: The thirteenth Raikat, Darpadev (1713–1726), in a sign of growing confidence. The large pond near the palace was excavated at the time of Sarva Dev (1800–1847). Jion Gomasta Mohammedan from Dinajpur and a Rajbansi from Jalpaiguri were employed as contractors, and it is said that they were paid in cowries ( conch shell ), and not in coins. After the Battle of Plassey , the Dewan of Bengal, Bihar and Odisha came under
1927-707: The three wives of late Jogendra Dev Raikat. Fanindra was popularly called "Bhola Saheb" Rajeswar Das (Jagindra Dev Raikut) and was actually a minor adopted son and half-brother of Rani Jagedeswari. However, the Privy council decided in favour of Fanindra Dev Raikut, and held that the adoption was invalid. Raja Prasanna Dev Raikut, the last Raja of Baikunthopur in Jalpaiguri District, West Bengal, died intestate on 4 December 1946. He had four wives: Hirannaprava Devi, Rani Ashrumati Devi, Rani Runchi Devi, and Rani Deela Devi. Rani Deela Devi and Rani Runchi Devi belonged to
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1974-420: The western Duars, and the Bhutan government had not responded. When Bhutan refused to offer compensation, on 6 September 1841, the British governor Auckland unilaterally ordered the occupation of Assam Duars , paying 10,000 rupees annually to Bhutan, in compensation. Jalpaiguri district was formed on 1 January 1869, with Baikunthopur, western Duars (the portion of land between the river Tista and Sankosh) and
2021-511: Was 2.2 °C, recorded on 5 February 1914. As Jalpaiguri is located on the base of the Himalayas , the city receives a high amount of rainfall throughout the year. The average annual rainfall is approximately 3400 mm. A distinct season, monsoon is observed from June to September. About 917.3 mm rain falls in July. Though the amount plummets to 3.3 mm in December. On an average,
2068-520: Was disputed by his uncle Protap Dev Raikut, on the grounds that by family usages, a brother succeeded a brother in preference to the surviving sons. The case was brought up before the provincial (British) court in Murhidabad, but it was decided in favour of Sarva Dev Raikut (Surrup Deo). In 1839, the British government in India complained to Bhutan that the Raikat of Baikunthopur had taken possession of
2115-592: Was established on 17 December 1907, unifying the country under the control of the Wangchuck dynasty , hereditary penlops (governors) of Trongsa Province . The King of Bhutan , formally known as the Druk Gyalpo ("Dragon King"), also occupies the office of Druk Desi under the " Dual System of Government ". Since the enactment of the Constitution of 2008 , the Druk Gyalpo has remained head of state , while
2162-457: Was the eldest, but he could not inherit as he was stated to be the son of a concubine . Rajendra Dev Raikut, the 6th son, inherited the property, as his mother was married in Phul-Bio. His title was again disputed by the second son, Makaranda Dev Raikut, on the grounds that he was a legitimate son of Sarva Dev Raikut, as his mother was married in "Gandharbo" fashion. The mother of Makranda, being
2209-530: Was unsettled. The lords of southern regions rejected Bihari rule, in place of direct tribute to the Mughal rulers as zamindars (landlords) of their territories. They accepted the authority of – and paid taxes to – Ibrahim Khan (ruler of Dhaka ) and the Fauzdar of Ghoraghat . Even the Raikat princes of Baikunthopur and Pangar transferred loyalty to these powers, although perhaps only nominally. But from 1687 onwards,
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