61-473: Vijayanagara : ( Origin . Empire . Musicological nonet . Medieval city . Military . Haridasa . Battle of Raichur . Battle of Talikota ) Sultanate : Dialects: ( Kundagannada . Havigannada . Arebhashe ) Jainism : ( In Karnataka . In North Karnataka . Jain Bunt ) Karnataka Rajyotsava , also known as Karnataka State Day , is a public holiday celebrated annually on 1 November in
122-512: A Taluka Headquarter is located in such area The Karnataka Municipal Corporations Act, 1976 mandates constituting both Ward Committees and Area Sabha in each corporation. The rules for setting these up are given in Karnataka Municipal Corporations (Wards Committees) Rules, 2016. Ward Committees in the state have been defunct in cities where they have been formed, with the meetings being erratic or not publicised to
183-589: A UNESCO World Heritage Site . Hampi, an ancient human settlement mentioned in Hindu texts, houses pre-Vijayanagara temples and monuments. In the early 14th century, the dominant Kakatiyas , Seuna Yadavas , Hoysalas , and the short-lived Kampili kingdom , who inhabited the Deccan region, were invaded and plundered by armies of Khalji and later Tughlaq dynasties of the Delhi Sultanate . Vijayanagara
244-585: A festive look on this day as the red and yellow Kannada flags are hoisted at different strategic locations across the state and the Kannada anthem (" Jaya Bharatha Jananiya Tanujate ") is chanted. The flag is hoisted at political party offices and several localities even as youth in many areas take out processions on their vehicles. Religion not being a factor, the Rajyotsava is celebrated by Hindus, Muslims, and Christians as well. The state government asserts
305-560: A large and developed metropolitan area. The Italian Cesari Federici writing two years after the Vijayanagara Empire's military defeat in 1565 describes the city after its ruin, "is not altogether destroyed, yet the houses stand still, but emptie [sic], and there is dwelling in them nothing, as is reported, but Tygres and other wild beasts." Recent commentaries state: The massive walls, which can still be traced, enclosed an area of more than sixty square miles, much of which
366-498: A population of over 100,000 in South India and that from the contemporary accounts and what remains of its expanse, the city proper and the suburbs had a population of 500,000 to 600,000. He notes that Domingo Paes had estimated its size at 100,000 houses. Vijayanagara includes: Government of Karnataka The Government of Karnataka , abbreviated as GoK or GoKA , formerly known as Government of Mysore (1956–1974),
427-472: A prosperous and wealthy city. By 1500 CE, Hampi-Vijayanagara was the world's second largest medieval era city (after Beijing ) and probably India's richest at that time, attracting traders from Persia and Portugal. Wars between nearby Muslim Sultanates and Hindu Vijayanagara continued, however, through the 16th century. In 1565, the Vijayanagara leader Aliya Rama Raya was captured and killed, and
488-543: Is a World Heritage Site , known in that context as the Ruins of Hampi. In recent years there have been concerns regarding damage to the site at Hampi from heavy vehicular traffic and the construction of road bridges in the vicinity. Hampi was listed as a "threatened" World Heritage Site by the UNESCO but was later removed from the list after appropriate corrective measures were taken. Traveller memoirs before 1565 CE record it as
549-468: Is a democratically elected state body with the governor as the ceremonial head to govern the Southwest Indian state of Karnataka . The governor who is appointed for five years appoints the chief minister and on the advice of the chief minister appoints their council of ministers . Even though the governor remains the ceremonial head of the state, the day-to-day running of the government
610-561: Is an administrative unit headed by a deputy commissioner or district magistrate, an officer belonging to the Indian Administrative Service . The district magistrate or the deputy commissioner is assisted by a number of officers belonging to Karnataka Civil Service and other Karnataka state services. A Superintendent of Police , an officer belonging to the Indian Police Service is entrusted with
671-586: Is assisted by the chief secretary, who is the head of the administrative services. As of August 2021, the Government of Karnataka consists of 30 ministers including Chief Minister . The Chief Minister of Karnataka is the chief executive of the Indian state of Karnataka . As per the Constitution of India , the governor is a state's de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with
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#1732802019787732-825: Is dominated by the Indian National Congress (INC) , Bharatiya Janata party ( BJP ) and Janata Dal (Secular) . In recent election conducted in May 2023, the Indian National Congress won in a landslide by getting 135 seats. The Bharatiya Janata Party and the Janata Dal (Secular) conceded defeat, finishing second and third, respectively. Previously, in the 2018 Assembly Election, BJP emerged as single largest party with 104 seats leaving behind INC with 79, JDS with 38, BSP with 1 and other 2 independent seats. While B. S. Yeddyurappa went ahead with
793-430: Is evidenced by the quantities of charcoal, the heat-cracked basements and burnt architectural pieces found by archaeologists in Vijayanagara region. The urban Vijayanagara was abandoned and remained in ruins ever since. Vijayanagara never recovered from the ruins. The Italian Cesare Federici writing two years after the empire's defeat states that "The Citie of Bezeneger (Vijayanagara) is not altogether destroyed, yet
854-460: Is headed by a ADGP of Police. Units that assist the state in law and order include Criminal Investigation Department (Forest Cell, Anti-Dowry Cell, etc.), Dog Squad, Civil Rights Enforcement Wing, Police Wireless and Police Motor Transport Organization and special units. Village Defence Parties protect persons and property in the village and assist the police when necessary. The police force is at times supplemented by Home Guards. Karnataka politics
915-400: Is subject to no term limits . This is a 3-tier system in the state with elected bodies at the village (grama), taluka and district (zilla) levels. It ensures greater participation of people and effective implementation of rural development programs. There is a Grama Panchayat for a village (grama) or a group of villages (gramas), a Taluka Panchayat at the taluka level and a Zilla Panchayat at
976-403: Is taken care of by the chief minister and their council of ministers in whom a great amount of legislative powers are vested. 13 May 2023 Karnataka State has been divided into 4 revenue divisions, 49 sub-divisions, 31 districts, 237 taluks , 747 hoblies / revenue circles and 6,022 gram panchayats for administrative purposes. The state has 281 towns and 7 municipal corporations. Bangalore
1037-511: Is the largest urban agglomeration. It is among the fastest growing cities in the world. Karnataka took its present shape in 1956, when the states of Mysore and Coorg (Kodagu) were merged with the Kannada-speaking districts of the former states of Bombay and Hyderabad , and Madras . Mysore state was made up of 10 districts: Bangalore, Kolar, Tumkur, Mandya, Mysore, Hassan, Chikmagalur (Kadur), Shimoga and Chitradurga ; Bellary
1098-621: The Battle of Raichur allowed one sultan to stay in power rather than let it split into smaller kingdoms. However, later Vijayanagara kings had to contend with multiple Sultanates to their north. The Vijayanagara kingdom befriended and allowed the Portuguese to take control of Goa and western territories of the Bahamani Sultanate. The sultanates united against the Vijayanagara Empire. An ongoing war between Muslim Sultanates and
1159-540: The Rajyotsava awards and Karnataka Ratna on this day, which are awarded to people responsible for outstanding contributions in the development of Karnataka. The Chief Minister of the State inaugurates the cultural show which is customarily held at Kanteerava Stadium, Bangalore. Awards are presented to students who have won medals in various national games. The celebrations are marked by multicoloured tableaux carrying
1220-496: The chief minister . Following elections to the Karnataka Legislative Assembly , the state's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given that he has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and
1281-601: The 14th century. At the start of the 14th century, the armies of Delhi Sultanate , first those of Alauddin Khalji and later of Muhammad bin Tughlaq invaded and pillaged South India. The Hoysala Empire and temple cities such as those in Halebidu, Belur and Somanathapura were plundered in early 14th century. From the ruins of this collapse and destruction emerged Vijayanagara Empire and its new capital Vijayanagara. The city
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#17328020197871342-640: The 31st district in the state. As a result, the world heritage site of Hampi, the erstwhile capital of Vijayanagara empire, is now part of a new district - Vijayanagara. The state legislature is bicameral and consists of the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council . The Legislative Assembly consists of 224 members with one member nominated by the governor to represent the Anglo-Indian community. The term of office of
1403-921: The Constitution of the Karnataka Panchayat Administrative Service: The Government shall constitute a Karnataka Panchayat Administrative Service consisting of such category of posts from the rural development and panchayat raj department, the number of posts, scale of pay, method of recruitment and minimum qualifications shall be such as may be prescribed]. Inserted by Act 44 of 2015 with effect from 25.02.2016. Urban areas in Karnataka are governed by different municipal bodies; 10 Municipal Corporations , 59 City Municipal Councils , 116 Town Municipal Councils, 97 Town Panchayats and 4 Notified Area Committees . The Municipal Corporations are administered under
1464-483: The Hindu Vijayanagara Empire led to the Battle of Talikota in 1565 CE, fought about 175 kilometres (109 mi) north. It resulted in the capture and beheading of Vijayanagara leader Aliya Rama Raya , mass confusion within the Vijayanagara forces and a shock defeat. The Sultanate army then reached Vijayanagara, looted, destroyed and burnt it down to ruins over a period of several months. This
1525-559: The Indian state of Karnataka . It commemorates the merger in 1956 of the Kannada -speaking regions of southwestern India under the States Reorganisation Act to form the state. Kannada Rajyotsava is listed as a government holiday in Karnataka and is celebrated by Kannadigas across the world. It is marked by the announcement and presentation of the honours list for Rajyotsava Awards by the government of Karnataka ,
1586-600: The Italian cities of the Renaissance. The city of Vijayanagar, he says, is as "large as Rome and very beautiful to the sight"; it is full of charm and wonder with its innumerable lakes and waterways and fruit gardens. It is "the best-provided city in the world" and "everything abounds." The chambers of the palace were a mass of ivory, with roses and lotuses carved in ivory at the top--"it is so rich and beautiful that you would hardly find anywhere, another such. The ruined city
1647-562: The State under Karnataka Municipal Corporations Act, 1976, while the rest are under the Karnataka Municipalities Act, 1964. The administration at Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike is overseen by the state government directly, while the Directorate of Municipal Administration does it for the rest of the urban local governments in Karnataka. The categorisation of urban areas is done on the following basis: or
1708-400: The Vijayanagara Empire in the early 14th century, and becoming a metropolis of approximately 650 square kilometres (250 sq mi) by the early 16th century. By 1500 CE, It became the world's second largest city, after Beijing. Memoirs by foreigners estimate the population was about 500,000, but others find this estimate to be either generous or too conservative. The architecture of
1769-402: The Vijayanagara period remain occupied up to the present. The name translates as "City of Victory", from vijaya (victory) and nagara (city). As the prosperous capital of the largest and most powerful kingdom of its time in South India, Vijayanagara attracted people from all around the world. After Timur's sack of Delhi, North India remained weak and divided. South India was better off, and
1830-594: The banks of Tungabhadra river, on Hemakuta hill, now a part of Hampi. Shiva is also called Pampapati (lit. "husband of Pampa"), and the river came to be known as Pampa river. The Sanskrit word Pampa morphed into the Kannada word Hampa, and the place Parvati pursued what she wanted came to be known as Hampe or Hampi. Its Hindu significance also comes from the Kishkindha chapters of the Hindu epic Ramayana , where Rama and Lakshmana meet Hanuman , Sugriva , and
1891-402: The bazaars, and rising above them all was the palace of the king surrounded by "many rivulets and streams flowing through channels of cut stone, polished and even." The whole city was full of gardens, and because of them, as an Italian visitor in 1420, Nicolo Conti writes, the circumference of the city was sixty miles. A later visitor was Paes , a Portuguese who came in 1522 after having visited
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1952-500: The capital, Vijayanagara, is purposefully aligned with the natural features of the city from the time of Rama. Vijayanagara was founded around the religious Hindu temple complex, Pampa Tirtha, and Kishkindha that already existed at Hampi . The name of the city centre, Hampi, is derived from Pampa, another name of goddess Parvati in Hindu theology. According to Sthala Purana , Parvati (Pampa) pursued her ascetic lifestyle to win over and bring ascetic Shiva back into householder life on
2013-541: The city fell to a coalition of Muslim Sultanates of the Deccan Plateau . The conquered capital city of Vijayanagara was looted and destroyed for 6 months, after which it remained in ruins. Vijayanagara is located in the modern era Indian state of Karnataka , along the banks of the Tungabhadra River . The city rapidly grew from being an ancient pilgrimage centre in the 13th century, to the capital of
2074-477: The district (zilla) level. All the 3 institutions are made up of elected representatives and there is no provision for nomination by the governor to any of these councils. Karnataka was the first state in the country to enact the Panchayat Raj Act, incorporating all provisions of the 73rd Amendment to the Constitution. In 2014, Karnataka State Grama Panchayats Delimitation Committee was constituted by
2135-412: The equipment of a great and wealthy city. The principal buildings were constructed in the regular Hindu style, covered with ornamental carving, and the fragments which have survived suffice to give point to the enthusiastic admiration of the men who saw the city in the days of its magnificence. Sanjay Subrahmanyam states that Vijayanagara was arguably one of the only three centres during this period with
2196-444: The government of Karnataka, with Chairman S G Nanjaiahna Mutt and 6 members. The joint secretary of the committee was Dr. Revaiah Odeyar. The report was submitted on October 30, 2014. This resulted in the implementation of Gram Panchayath Elections in 2015. Karnataka Panchayat Administrative Service (KPAS), is the civil service of Karnataka state. The Rural Development and Panchayat Raj Department conducts exams to recruit candidates for
2257-428: The governor remains the ceremonial head of the state, the day-to-day running of the government is taken care of by the chief minister and their council of ministers in whom a great deal of legislative powers is vested.. The secretariat headed by the secretary to the governor assists the council of ministers. The council of ministers consists of cabinet ministers, ministers of state and deputy ministers. The chief minister
2318-565: The hoisting of the Karnataka flag with an address from the chief minister and governor of Karnataka , as well as community festivals, orchestra, Kannada book releases, and concerts. Aluru Venkata Rao was the first person who dreamt of unifying the State as early as 1905 with the Karnataka Ekikarana movement. In 1950, India became republic and different provinces were formed in the country on basis of language spoken in
2379-415: The houses stand still, but empty, and there is dwelling in them nothing, as is reported, but Tygres and other wild beasts." Archaeological evidence suggests that while the urban settlement was abandoned, a number of rural settlement in the metropolitan region were not fully emptied. Some population remained in the region (though there is no good assessment of how much), and a number of settlements founded in
2440-423: The intention of making the government and requested the governor to allow him to form a government without the numbers though. Governor allowed him to take oath as Chief Minister on 17 May 2018 although his happiness was short-lived, as SC struck down 2 weeks of time provided by the governor for the floor test to just 2 days. He was forced to resign unable to prove the majority. After his resignation H. D. Kumaraswamy
2501-405: The largest and most powerful of the southern kingdoms was Vijayanagar. This state and city attracted many of the Hindu refugees from the north. From contemporary accounts, it appears that the city was rich and very beautiful—The city is such that "eye has not seen nor ear heard of any place resembling it upon earth", says Abdur-Razzak from Central Asia. There were arcades and magnificent galleries for
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2562-399: The members is five years and the term of a member elected to the council is six years. The Legislative Council is a permanent body with one-third of its members retiring every two years. The government is headed by the governor who appoints the chief minister and their council of ministers. The governor is appointed for five years and acts as the constitutional head of the state. Even though
2623-507: The monkey army in their search for kidnapped Sita . The Hampi area has many close resemblances to the place described in the epic. Traditionally understood to be the place described in the Ramayana, the region attracts many pilgrims. Prior to its founding, Hindus and kings of various kingdoms visited Hampi. Hoysala Empire's Hindu kings built and supported the Hampi pilgrimage centre before
2684-988: The officers of the Karnataka Forest Service and other Karnataka forest and wildlife officials. Sectoral development is looked after by the district head of each development department such as PWD, Health, Education, Agriculture, Animal husbandry, etc. These officers belong to the State Services. The state is divided into 30 police districts, 77 sub-divisions, 178 circles, State Police consists of 20 police districts, 6 Police Commissioners at Bangalore, Mysore, Mangalore, Belagavi, Hubli-Dharwad and Kalaburgi cities, 77 sub-divisions, 178 circles, 927 police stations, and 317 police outposts. There are seven ranges: Central Range at Bangalore, Eastern Range at Davanagere, Northern Range at Belagavi, Southern Range at Mysore and Western Range at Mangalore, North Eastern Range Kalaburgi and Ballari range. The government Railway Police
2745-552: The particular region and this gave birth to the state of Mysore including various places in south India, which the kings earlier ruled. On 1 November 1956, Mysore state , comprising most of the area of the erstwhile princely state of Mysore , was merged with the Kannada-speaking areas of the Bombay and Madras presidencies, as also of the principality of Hyderabad , to create a unified Kannada-speaking sub-national entity. North Karnataka , Malnad ( Canara ), and old Mysore were thus
2806-478: The picture of the Goddess Bhuvaneshwari mounted on a decorated vehicle. The colourful procession is also accompanied by performances of the folk artists in the fields of drama ( Bayalata ), traditional dance ( Dollu Kunitha , Kamsale , Veeragase , Kolata ), and classical carnatic music . Since 1 November is a public holiday, it is celebrated at commercial establishments on the following days of
2867-678: The rendering of naadageethe . Apart from celebrations in Karnataka, it is also observed in other regions of India with significant Kannadiga population like Mumbai , New Delhi, Gurgaon , and Chennai . Overseas Kannada organisations also take part in the festivities by arranging cultural events in countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, Singapore, UAE, Qatar, Oman, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand, Scotland, Ireland, Netherlands, and Germany. Vijayanagara Vijayanagara ( transl. 'City of Victory' )
2928-548: The responsibility of maintaining law and order and related issues of the district. The District SP is assisted by the officers of the Karnataka Police Service and other Karnataka Police officials. A Deputy Conservator of Forests, an officer belonging to the Indian Forest Service , is responsible for managing the forests, environment and wildlife related issues of the district. He is assisted by
2989-580: The service. The KPAS officers are usually appointed as Panchayat Development Officers (PDOs). They are trained under the Abdul Nazeer Sab State Institute of Rural Development and Panchayat Raj (ANSSIRDPR), Mysuru. The Karnataka Gram Swaraj and Panchayat Raj Act, 1993 (5) was substituted by Act 44 of 2015 with effect from 25.02.2016, as follows: CHAPTER XVI 1 [Administration, Inspection, Supervision and Creation of Commissionerate of Gram Swaraj and Panchayat Raj] Section 232B of
3050-507: The state's name was changed to "Karnataka" on 1 November 1973. Devaraj Arasu was the Chief Minister of the state when this landmark decision was taken. Other people credited for the unification of Karnataka include littérateurs like K. Shivaram Karanth , Kuvempu , Masti Venkatesha Iyengar , A. N. Krishna Rao , and B. M. Srikantaiah . Rajyotsava Day is celebrated with great joy and vigour all over Karnataka. The entire state wears
3111-531: The ten largest cities of the world. It stood as a bastion of Hindu values dedicated to fighting back the encroachments of the Muslim sultans from the north, who soon came to be operating from Golkonda . The Sangama dynasty was involved in repeated conflicts with the Bahamani Sultanate . The Bahamanis had later disintegrated into five sultanates which formed a Deccan alliance. Krishnadevaraya after
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#17328020197873172-418: The three regions of the newly formed Mysore state. The newly unified state initially retained the name "Mysore", which was that of the erstwhile princely state which formed the core of the new entity. But the people of North Karnataka did not favour the retention of the name Mysore, as it was closely associated with the erstwhile principality and the southern areas of the new state. In deference to this logic,
3233-604: The ward members. Since the provision for setting up Ward Committees was only given in the municipal act meant for municipal corporations, only cities with population of 3 lakh or more were mandated to form them. In January 2020, the Urban Development Department of the Karnataka Government announced that Ward Committees would be formed in all urban local bodies in the state, irrespective of their population. A district of an Indian state
3294-572: The week. Kannada flags are prominently hoisted and displayed at almost all office and business establishments across the city of Bengaluru . Being a hub of several IT companies , Bengaluru's major firms like TCS , IBM , Thomson Reuters , Wipro , Robert Bosch , SAP Labs , Accenture , Alcatel-Lucent , and Infosys encourage employees to showcase the local favour by holding cultural events. The IT crowd shows their support by wearing Kannada-themed T-shirts to workplaces. Educational institutions also hold such events at schools along with flag-hoisting and
3355-605: Was a city at the modern location of Hampi , in the Indian state of Karnataka . Vijayanagara was the capital city of the historic Vijayanagara Empire . Located on the banks of the Tungabhadra River , it spread over a large area and included sites in the Vijayanagara district , the Ballari district , and others around these districts. A part of Vijayanagara ruins known as the Group of Monuments at Hampi has been designated as
3416-425: Was carved out of Bangalore district. In 1997, Bagalkot district was carved out of Vijayapura district, Chamrajnagar out of Mysore, Gadag out of Dharwad, Haveri out of Dharwad, Koppal out of Raichur, Udupi out of Dakshina Kannada and Yadgir out of Kalaburagi. Davanagere district was created from parts of Bellary, Chitradurga, Dharwad and Shimoga. In 2020, Vijayanagara district was carved out of Ballari district, to become
3477-581: Was founded by Harihara I and Bukka , the Sangama brothers. The city was already a sacred site of pilgrimage for devotees of Shiva in the 10th century. It became the most powerful urban centre in the Deccan between 14th to 16th centuries and one of the ten largest cities of the world. The Renaissance Portuguese and Persian traders reported it as a marvellous achievement. The city was a powerful urban centre in South India from 14th to 16th century and one of
3538-702: Was founded from these ruins by the Sangama brothers, who were working as soldiers in the Kampili Kingdom under Kampalidevaraya. The city grew rapidly. The Vijayanagara-centred empire functioned as a barrier to the Muslim sultanates in the north, leading to the reconstruction of Hindu life and scholarship, multi-religious activity, rapid infrastructure improvements, and economic activity. Along with Hinduism, Vijayanagara accepted communities of other faiths such as Jainism and Islam , leading to multi-religious monuments and mutual influences. Chronicles left by Persian and European travellers state Vijayanagara to be
3599-408: Was occupied by fields and gardens watered by canals from the river. The population cannot be estimated with precision, but it was certainly very large when judged by the standards of the fifteenth century. The great majority of the houses were naturally small and undistinguished, but among them were scattered palaces, temples, public buildings, wide streets of shops shaded by trees, busy markets, and all
3660-607: Was sworn in as the Chief Minister on 23 May 2018 with absolute majority support from Congress total of 117. In later bypolls JDS+Congress combine won 4 out of 5 seats 3MP & 2 MLA seats making the numbers up by 119. On 23 July 2019 the government headed by H. D. Kumaraswamy fell short of majority in the trust vote due to the resignation of 17 MLAs from the Congress and the JDS. B. S. Yeddiyurappa once again took oath as
3721-474: Was transferred from Madras state to Mysore in 1953, when the new Andhra State was created out of Madras' northern districts. Kodagu became a district, and Dakshina Kannada (South Kanara) district was transferred from Madras state , Uttara Kannada (North Kanara), Dharwad , Belgaum District , and Bijapur District from Bombay state , and Bidar District , Kalaburgi District , and Raichur District from Hyderabad state. In 1989, Bangalore Rural district
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