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47-554: Ranging Rook strategies used in Ranging Rook vs Static Rook are among the oldest of shogi strategies attested in the historical documents that first describe the rules of shogi around 1600. Traditionally, Ranging Rook has been used as a defensive strategy for White against Static Rook openings played by Black. White's rook can be moved flexibly to counteract Black's attacks. These types of White openings are named simply Ranging Rook (振り飛車 furibisha ). In describing

94-559: A Floating Rook shape. It aims for a surprise edge attack on the ninth file with support from the floating rook if the Ranging Rook opponent uses a Mino castle . Kurukuru Bishop (クルクル角 kurukuru kaku ) is a Static Rook opening similar to the Iijima Bishop Pullback. It is characterized by not opening the bishop's diagonal with a pawn push and instead moving the bishop up to the player's left edge (B-9g for Black, B-1c for White). The player subsequently moves their up to

141-449: A bishop trade off to occur at any time (often early in the opening), which are known as Bishop Exchange Ranging Rook (角交換振り飛車 kaku kōkan furibisha ) or Open Bishop Diagonal Ranging Rook (角道オープン振り飛車 kaku michi ōpen furibisha ). These openings include Quick Ishida , Cheerful Central Rook , Bishop Exchange Fourth File Rook , Direct Opposing Rook , among others. 1. P-76 P-34, 2. P-26. The Normal openings start by Black opening

188-431: A castle development on the player's left side of board. In the adjacent diagram is an example of a castle built on the left side of the board paired with a Static Rook position. The castle is a Left Silver Crown Anaguma (with advanced edge pawn). Static Rook castles can be divided into two main categories: Double Static Rook castles and Counter-Ranging Rook castles. Different structures are required in these two cases since

235-500: A time, amateurs shied away from Static Rook, as there are many more jōseki lines to memorize when compared with the Ranging Rook, which almost always used a variant of the Mino Castle . However, entering into the 21st century, Ranging Rook has also seen a greater diversification of tactics, such as with Ranging Rook Bishop Exchange, Ranging Rook counter-attacks, and even the appearance of Double Ranging Rook, which has largely closed

282-451: A version of the Mino castle called Left Mino and the Ranging Rook player might build a version of anaguma, known as Ranging Rook anaguma . One of the most prominent features of a Static Rook position is pushing the pawn directly above the rook forward. In even games, this forward marching rook pawn (飛車先 hisha saki ) bears down directly on the opponent's bishop, which in the initial position

329-566: A wide variety of forms that are dependent upon the specific opening used. Some openings like Fortress and Bishop Exchange openings have the king moved leftward away from the rook in compact castles while openings like Double Wing Attack and Side Pawn Capture have rather minimal castle formations with much less king safety in a trade off of defending wider areas within the Static Rook side's camp in order to defend against future piece drops. Iijima Bishop Pullback (飯島流引き角 Iijima-ryuu hiki kaku )

376-585: Is a Fourth File Rook ( Ranging Rook ) opening in which the player's bishop diagonal remains open allowing for a bishop exchange to occur early in the opening. Following the bishop exchange, the rook is moved to the Fourth File. This contrasts with the defensive so-called normal or standard Fourth File Rook that keeps the bishop diagonal closed until the player is ready for a counterattack so that they may avoid rough and tumble battles initiated by their opponent. (See: Types of Ranging Rook .) Although it

423-434: Is a Static Rook opening used against a Ranging Rook opponent. It is characterized by not opening the bishop's diagonal and instead moving the bishop down (to 3a if played by White or 7i if played by Black) so that it can then exit one's camp via the central file. Takishita's Spread Golds (滝下流対振り飛車金開き takishita-ryū tai furibisha kinbiraki ) is a Counter-Ranging Rook trap opening that uses a Central House castle along with

470-426: Is a variant of Climbing Silver that attempts to use only a silver, rook, and pawn to attack. It is called primitive since such a simple strategy will not be successful if defended against properly. Reclining Silver (腰掛け銀 koshikake gin ) is a formation in which a player's right silver has advanced to the front of their camp on the middle 5th file and has an advanced pawn on the silver's right and pawn directly under

517-472: Is an aggressive variant of Fourth File Rook in which the Ranging Rook player keeps the bishop's diagonal open allowing for bishop trades early in the game. The Fujii System (藤井システム fujii shisutemu ) is a complex system of piece development, castle formation, and counterattacking to be used with Ranging Rook strategies. It was invented by shogi professional Takeshi Fujii (藤井猛). It is particularly useful against Static Rook's Anaguma strategies, which prior to

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564-476: Is built up, since it makes the silver and golds to lean heavily on one side it becomes really easy for ranging rook to find good places to drop the bishop in hand, and even against the solidness of a Mino castle it becomes easy to wage battle, hence the ranging rook is at advantage. Moreover, since White's R-42 places the rook temporarily in the fourth file, it becomes a preparation for a powerful counterattack against Black's B*6e. However, this results of course in

611-412: Is labelled a Fourth File Rook opening, thanks to the bishop exchange the rook can easily switch to the 8th file (for Black) or to the 2nd file (for White), and hence it also keeps some strong elements of Opposing Rook openings. In a typical static rook vs. ranging rook game, ranging rook defends from static rook's rook pawn by way of the power of the bishop. In this situation then, with a bishop exchange

658-511: Is specifically referred to as Black's Ranging Rook (先手振り飛車 sente furibisha ). From its defensive origins, the standard way to play Ranging Rook openings is for the player to close the bishop's diagonal by advancing a pawn to the 66 square when played by Black or advancing to 44 when played by White. Thus, Ranging Rook is sometimes termed Ordinary Ranging Rook or Normal Ranging Rook (ノーマル振り飛車 nōmaru furibisha ) or Standard Ranging Rook (スタンダード振り飛車 sutandādo furibisha ) to contrast with

705-406: Is undefended. When faced with this rook pawn push, the Static Rook's opponent must prevent this pawn from breaking through their camp by developing a piece to defend this file. In addition, the opponent must decide whether to allow the Static Rook player to exchange this rook pawn off the board or to prevent this pawn exchange from happening. The Rook pawn exchange. G-32. S-32. Preventing

752-598: The Fujii System when this opening made its appearance in the world of professional shogi after being popular among college players, and his adoption of the opening caught a lot of attention and produced a craze for the strategy in the subsequent years. Fujii went on to receive the Kōzō Masuda Award for his use of this strategy in 2013. 1. P-76 P-34. The most common first two moves in shogi: bishop diagonals are opened. 2. R-68. Black swings their rook to

799-766: The 2nd file (8th file for Gote), or in that general area on the right side, can be a more natural idea for a strategy. Although the rook does move in strategies where it's placed on the 3rd file (7th for Gote), such as with Sleeve Rook , or on the 4th file (6th for Gote), such as with Right Fourth File Rook , these openings are still broadly classified as Static Rook, rather than Ranging. The castles mainly used in Double Static Rook games are Yagura (Fortress), Gangi (Snowroof), and Left Mino (often seen vs Ranging Rook as well). In games against Ranging Rook, rapid castles, such as boat and elmo , or sturdier castles, such as anaguma and millennium , are often used. For

846-425: The Ranging Rook side has swung their rook to. In the case of a slow game, the main focus will be less a matter of the attack and more a matter of the castle strength of either side, and the opening will be defined strictly by defensive tactics. Both the Static Rook and Ranging Rook sides move their kings away from their rooks to castle (Static Rook castles to the left, Ranging Rook castles to the right). In general, as

893-511: The Rook pawn exchange. P-34, B-33. P-14, B-13. P-34, S-32/S-42, S-33 (P-34) R-22. ii. Lx1e   P*1c The Climbing Silver (棒銀 bōgin ) attack involves advancing a silver upward along with an advanced or dropped pawn supported by the rook aiming to break through the opponent's camp on their bishop's side. In the board diagram here, the Black's silver has successfully climbed to

940-418: The attack patterns of the player's opponent differ. In Double Static Rook openings, a Static Rook player's king is initially threatened from above by the opponent's rook which has remained on its starting square. In Counter-Ranging Rook openings, the Static Rook king is initially threatened from the king's right side and/or obliquely from the king's right upper corner. Castles in Double Static Rook openings have

987-488: The bishop exchange Black doesn't need to worry for an attack on the bishop's head. Second, the tendency to go for a slow game is strong. Finally, it can be used when playing Black or White. In addition, since ranging rook's natural enemy at large is Static Rook's Bear-in-the-hole castle, with the bishop exchange the horse has to be taken by the silver, which means that static rook won't be able to build Bear-in-the-hole without losing one tempo. Furthermore, even if Bear-in-the-hole

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1034-415: The bishop's diagonal (P-76) and showing the intention to play Static Rook (P-26). White responds by opening the bishop's diagonal as well. The order 1. P-76 P-34, 2. P-26 is the most common, but of course the moves may be transposed as in 1. P-26 P-34, 2. P-76. 2... P-44. The traditional, defensive play starts with the fourth move. With this standard move White prevents an early bishop exchange by closing

1081-428: The bishop's diagonal. This allows White to start building the castle and further developing pieces without having to worry about bishop drops that would otherwise be possible if the bishop diagonal was left open and Black initiated a bishop exchange. These four opening moves characterize most Normal Ranging Rook positions when the rooks are moved to different files. After this, the most common moves by Black are to move

1128-633: The common Bishop Exchange is categorized separately from the Tempo Loss Bishop Exchange , and the Gangi castle , which has been popular in recent years, was included in its own category. To simplify, examples of the four main lines are as follows. From any of these positions, a variety of different tactics may develop. In a Double Static Rook opening, there is no clear advantage to Sente nor Gote, and there are strategies that can be adopted by either position. In Yagura or Bishop Exchange,

1175-505: The development of the Fuiji system had started to seem invincible for Ranging Rook players. Third File Rook (三間飛車 sangenbisha ) openings position the rook on third file if played by White and the seventh file if played by Black. The Ishida (石田流 ishida-ryū ) openings – including Real Ishida (石田流本組 ishida-ryū hon gumi ) and Quick Ishida (早石田 haya ishida ) variations – are subcategories of Third File Rook in which

1222-473: The e rank on the first file (1e). A subsequent attack by Black, for example, could aim to sacrifice this silver in order to remove White's lance and then drop a dangling pawn within White's camp that threatens to promote. Climbing Silver formations may be used with several different Static Rook openings such as Fortress , Double Wing , and Bishop Exchange . Primitive Climbing Silver (原始棒銀 genshi bōgin )

1269-546: The first rank and moving it to the left-side, and so on. In Double Static Rook games (相居飛車, ai ibisha ), it is common for both players to try and keep pace with their opponent as they develop their pieces during the opening, and avoid moves that would result in a disadvantage. The main lines of this kind of game can be categorized into Yagura , Bishop Exchange , Double Wing Attack , and Side Pawn Picker , but there are many variations that these could be sub-divided into. It could be said that there are actually six main lines, if

1316-438: The game positions of both opponents, the term is Static Rook vs Ranging Rook (居飛車対振り飛車 ibisha tai furibisha ). In these games, Black has the initiative, and White quickly builds a defense by castling the king and seeks counterattacking opportunities. By default, the term 振り飛車 usually assumes that the Ranging Rook player is White as it was played traditionally. However, Ranging Rook positions are also possible for Black, when it

1363-407: The gap between difficulty curves. Further, between professionals, there is less of a distinction between Static Rook and Ranging Rook players, and the number of all-rounders are growing. In recent years, the traditional view of "Static Rook Patterns" and "Ranging Rook Patterns" have been overwritten by the growing popularity of unconventional playstyles, such as right-side king, pulling the rook back to

1410-484: The king is normally kept near the center so that the entire camp can be quickly defended, and the Central House formation is often used. In games against Ranging Rook , the Static Rook side may choose to stick with a simple castle and immediately initiate a rapid attack or take the time to build up a stronger castle and play a slow game. In the case of a rapid attack, the opening will vary depending on which file

1457-410: The major piece of the rook fights from its starting position on the right side of the board (the 2nd file for Black, Sente, and the 8th file for White, Gote). In contrast, the other major opening deploys the rook to the center or left half of the board in the opening, and is known as Ranging Rook or Swinging Rook (振り飛車 furibisha). Compared with Ranging Rook, leaving the rook in its starting position on

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1504-514: The middle e rank and then down to central file (B-7e ... B-5g for Black, B-3e ... B-5c for White.) The player can then castle their king leftwards into a Left Mino. YouTube: HIDETCHI's Shogi Openings: Bishop Exchange Fourth File Rook In shogi , the Bishop Exchange Fourth File Rook (角交換四間飛車 kaku kōkan shikenbisha ) or Open Bishop Diagonal Fourth File Rook (角道オープン四間飛車 kaku michi ōpun shikenbisha )

1551-522: The newer Ranging Rook strategies that keep the bishop's diagonal open. Since the traditional Ranging Rook prevents early bishop exchanges, it is described as a slow game (持久戦 jikyūsen ) in Japanese. Preventing an early bishop exchange allows for the Ranging Rook player to develop the castle and defense without needing to worry about being stymied by bishop drops. The traditional normal type of Ranging Rook contrasts with Ranging Rook positions that allow

1598-438: The opening occurs following the bishop exchange. When White (gote) is the one playing ranging rook, the rook moves to 42 without closing the bishop's diagonal. After that, of course, the bishops will be exchanged, and it's possible that the rook will move to the second file, aiming to counterattack against Black's rook pawn. According to professional player Hirokazu Ueno , this opening has three characteristics. First, thanks to

1645-436: The opponent's rook will be attacking from the side, both sides will build a castle shape that can withstand an attack from the side. For the Static Rook side, popular choices would be the quick but less sturdy boat castle for a rapid attack game, and the slower but sturdier anaguma for a slow game. For the Ranging Rook side, the quick and sturdy Mino castle is mainly used. Otherwise, the Static Rook player may choose to build

1692-453: The opponent's rook. Central Rook (中飛車) openings position the rook on the fifth (central) file. In another variant of Central Rook called Cheerful Central Rook (ゴキゲン中飛車) the bishop's diagonal is kept open. Fourth File Rook (四間飛車) is a Ranging Rook opening in which the rook is moved to fourth file if played by White and the sixth file if played by Black. Bishop Exchange Fourth File Rook (角交換四間飛車 kaku koukan shikenbisha )

1739-470: The other types of games such as Double Static Rook (相居飛車 aiibisha ) and Static Rook vs Ranging Rook. Ranging Rook strategies are classified according to which file the rook moves to. They are generally named from White's perspective since the strategies were originally developed as defensive positions by White. For instance, the Third File Rook opening is named third file because when White moves

1786-403: The player advances the rook's pawn, sending a false message to the opponent that they intend to play a Static Rook opening. Subsequently, the player positions the pieces in a Ranging Rook position and tries to take advantage of any poor piece development by the opponent. Static Rook Static Rook (居飛車 ibisha ) openings is one of two major opening strategies in shogi . In the opening,

1833-482: The right silver up to the fourth file (3. S-48) or to continue advancing the rook's pawn (3. P-25). If Black chooses the rook's pawn option, White must respond by moving the bishop to the third file (3... B-33) to prevent Black from getting a pawn in hand through a pawn exchange on the second file. Double Ranging Rook (相振り飛車 aifuribisha ) is the class of openings when both players use Ranging Rook strategies. The josekis for these opening are less developed than many of

1880-417: The rook into position, it will end up on the third file (R-32). If the same Third File Rook opening were played by Black, then Black's rook would move to the seventh file (R-78). The Opposing Rook opening moves a rook to the same file as the opponent's rook. For White, this Opposing Rook position is the second file (R-22) while the position played by Black is the eighth file (R-88). The moved rook thus opposes

1927-400: The rook's pawn can break through and in consequence ranging rook will be at a disadvantage (hence the proverb, "Aim for a bishop exchange against ranging rook"). For this reason ranging rook will attempt to block the bishop's diagonal early, and will enter battle as soon as the king is castled. In Bishop Exchange Fourth File Rook, instead, the bishop's diagonal remains open and the development of

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1974-421: The seventh file pawn (if played by Black) or the third file pawn (if played by White) is advanced to the 5th rank early in the opening, allowing the rook to move up to 76 (or 34 for White). Opposing Rook (向かい飛車 mukai hisha ) positions the rook on eighth file (Black) where the bishop was originally (or the second file for White). Feint Ranging Rook (陽動振り飛車 yōdōfuribisha ) is a Ranging Rook opening in which

2021-506: The silver and gold are lined up vertically to create a strong defense to stop the incoming rook from advancing. When playing with the yagura system it is common to build a yagura castle up on the left side and then move the king into this safer position. On the other hand, Double Wing Attack and Side Pawn Picker largely forego this defense in order to begin a rapid attack, freeing up both rooks to run around in any direction and attack from different locations. To be able to respond to these attacks,

2068-628: The silver. The reclining name is meant to describe the way this silver rests on these two pawns as if it were seated on them. In the board diagram, both Black and White have created Reclining Silver positions. Black has their silver on 5f (with pawns on 4f and 5g) while White has their silver on 5d (pawns on 5c, 6d). Reclining Silver can often be played as a component of different Static Rook openings such as Double Wing or Bishop Exchange. (However, it can also be played in Double Ranging Rook games.) Most Static Rook openings coincide with

2115-412: The sixth file on their second turn. This is the characteristic of Bishop Exchange Fourth File Rook. Traditional Fourth File Rook Instead would have closed their bishop diagonal (2. P-66) in order to prevent White from trading bishops at an inopportune time. White exchanging pawns on the eighth file immediately is a blunder (see below). White may opt for an immediate exchange of

2162-574: The so called Leghorn Special (白色レグホン・スペシャル hakushoku reguhon supesharu or, most commonly, the abbreviation レグスペ regusupe). Chikako Nagasawa had been playing Bishop Exchange Fourth File Rook in female tournaments since 2000, and Nagasawa's fellow countryman Kōichi Kinoshita played it frequently in male tournaments since around 2002. Later on, it started attracting attention when Yoshiyuki Ueyama won against Hiroyuki Miura by using this opening. In addition, according to Ueno, Takeshi Fujii had been exploring novel countermeasures against Anaguma to replace

2209-435: The waste of one move, and this isn't necessarily satisfactory. Nevertheless, research has shown that there is no problem even if the Black's bishop is dropped at B*6e, thanks to a development by which rook can then move to the 2nd file and hence turn into a Direct Opposing Rook , which became really popular between 2011 and 2013. An opening to build Bear-in-the-hole from Bishop Exchange Fourth File Rook has also been created,

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