21-520: Rapho Township is a township that is located in northwestern Lancaster County , Pennsylvania , United States. The population was 12,058 at the time of the 2020 census . This township was named after Raphoe , County Donegal , Ireland . The Kauffman's Distillery Covered Bridge , Mount Hope Estate , Forry's Mill Covered Bridge , and Siegrist's Mill Covered Bridge are listed on the National Register of Historic Places . According to
42-448: A limited urban nature for its functional, economic, and social interaction with the urban center , due to its dominant residential character. Exurbs consist of "agglomerations of housing and jobs outside the municipal boundaries of a primary city" and beyond the surrounding suburbs. The word exurb (a portmanteau of extra (outside) and urban ) was coined by Auguste Comte Spectorsky , in his 1955 book The Exurbanites , to describe
63-399: A mix of rural development (e.g., farms and open space) and in places, suburban-style development (e.g., tracts of single-family homes, though usually on large lots). In long-settled areas, such as the U.S. Northeast megalopolis , exurban areas incorporate pre-existing towns, villages and smaller cities, as well as strips of older single-family homes built along pre-existing roads that connected
84-688: A progression of municipal structures based on population growth, it is not uncommon to have a township and borough of the same or similar name, generally adjacent within the same county. The 'town-like' borough might be partially or wholly surrounded by the remaining township from which it had split off. The government of Cold Spring Township ceased to function in 1961, when there were no candidates for office. Pennsylvania townships typically vary in size from 6 to 40 square miles (16–104 km ). There are two classifications of townships, first class and second class. The commonwealth initially incorporates all townships as second class townships. To become
105-1201: A tax collector and, in many townships, a panel of three auditors who annually audit all township accounts. The supervisors or commissioners of the township appoint a secretary and a treasurer, and may also appoint a township manager to coordinate township employees and operations. County governments may provide some or all municipal services to residents of townships, regardless of class and size, including trash collection or sewage processing. Some counties, though, leave individual municipalities to provide their own services; in some instances small groups of boroughs or townships may pool their resources to provide water, police, or other functions. The main areas of local services include police and fire protection, maintenance of local roads and streets, water supply, sewage collection and treatment, parking and traffic control, local planning and zoning, parks and recreation, garbage collection, health services, libraries, licensing of businesses and code enforcement. All municipalities in Pennsylvania, however, rely on county and state organized courts for probate, criminal, and civil court services. Under
126-508: A township of the first class and operate under the powers of the First Class Township Code, a township must have a population density of 300 inhabitants per square mile (120/km ) and voters therein must approve the change of classification in a referendum. The classes of townships differ primarily in the form of their administration. Townships of the second class are governed by a board of supervisors, elected at large by
147-545: The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania , is the lowest level of municipal incorporation of government. All of Pennsylvania's communities outside of incorporated cities , boroughs , and one town have been incorporated into individual townships that serve as the legal entities providing local self-government functions. In general, townships in Pennsylvania encompass larger land areas than other municipalities , and tend to be located in suburban , exurban , or rural parts of
168-603: The Finding Exurbia report by the Brookings Institution in 2006, the term is generally used for areas beyond suburbs and specifically less densely built and populated than the suburbs to which the exurbs' residents commute. To qualify as exurban, a census tract must meet three criteria: These are based on published datasets. Alternative approaches include working with Oak Ridge National Laboratory LandScan data and GIS . Exurban areas incorporate
189-646: The United States Census Bureau , the township has a total area of 47.5 square miles (123.1 km), all land. Unincorporated communities in the township include Mastersonville , Union Square, Old Line, Naumanstown, Sporting Hill, and Newtown. As of the census of 2000, there were 8,578 people, 3,075 households, and 2,398 families living in the township. The population density was 180.5 inhabitants per square mile (69.7/km). There were 3,185 housing units at an average density of 67.0 units per square mile (25.9 units/km). The racial makeup of
210-570: The Pennsylvania constitution, each governmental entity has the right to choose its own form of self-government, and a limited ability to delegate powers and oversight to such entities as authorities, commissions and school boards. Any township, regardless of its class, may adopt a home rule charter, at which point it is no longer governed by the Pennsylvania Township Codes. While a home rule charter can incorporate unusual features, standard municipal functions are generally part of
231-661: The commonwealth. As with other incorporated municipalities in Pennsylvania, townships exist within counties and are subordinate to or dependent upon the county level of government. Townships in Pennsylvania were created in the 17th century during the colonial-era Province of Pennsylvania prior to the American Revolution . Much of the province was then occupied by Native Americans , but the colonial administration in Philadelphia brought new counties and new settlements regularly. The first communities defined by
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#1732780663020252-432: The electorate of the whole township for overlapping six-year terms. The number of supervisors can be increased to five by referendum. Townships of the first class, by contrast, have a board of commissioners. Between five and fifteen commissioners sit on this panel; they can be elected either at large or by wards within the township; and they serve for overlapping terms of four years in office. Other elected officials include
273-514: The mix regardless of how offices and powers are allocated within the jurisdiction. "Citizen's Guide to Pennsylvania Local Government, 2010" Exurban An exurb (or alternately: exurban area ) is an area outside the typically denser inner suburban area , at the edge of a metropolitan area , which has some economic and commuting connection to the metro area, low housing-density, and relatively high population-growth. It shapes an interface between urban and rural landscapes, holding
294-437: The population density is greater than 51 persons per ha), the suburban zone (old urban and new urban transitional zones including Haicang and Jimei, where the population density is greater than 8 persons per ha), and the exurban areas (newly urbanized areas including Tong'an and Xiang'an , where the population density is less than 8 persons per ha)". The mixture of urban and rural environments raises ecological issues. Since
315-439: The provincial state government tended to be rural, geographically large, and sparsely populated townships. Townships or portions of them tended to become boroughs after population growth or an increase in population density and, eventually, might to reincorporate at the level of city. Initially, each municipal organization begins as a second-class township. When a sufficient population density, currently 300 people per square mile,
336-474: The ring of prosperous communities beyond the suburbs , that are commuter towns for an urban area. In other uses the term has expanded to include popular extraurban districts which nonetheless may have poor transportation and underdeveloped economies due to their distance from the urban center . Exurbs can be defined in terms of population density across the extended urban area, for example "the urban core (old urban areas including Siming and Huli , where
357-555: The township was 97.72% White , 0.29% African American , 0.08% Native American , 0.80% Asian , 0.51% from other races , and 0.59% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.80% of the population. There were 3,075 households, out of which 35.0% had children who under the age of eighteen living with them; 70.5% were married couples living together, 4.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.0% were non-families. 18.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.0% had someone living alone who
378-404: Was $ 20,412. Approximately 3.0% of families and 4.1% of the population were living below the poverty line , including 2.9% of those who were under the age of eighteen and 6.4% of those who were aged sixty-five or older. 40°12′00″N 76°30′05″W / 40.20000°N 76.50139°W / 40.20000; -76.50139 Township (Pennsylvania) A township , under the laws of
399-514: Was attained, the township had the option of holding a referendum and, if it passed, became a first-class township. The municipality could proceed to the level of borough or city in a similar fashion. Historically, this progression has often included border adjustments or mergers with other boroughs or townships. Many communities remain townships in spite of growth that brings the characteristics of more-urbanized areas that might be associated with "towns." Because Pennsylvania's constitution provides for
420-408: Was sixty-five years of age or older. The average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 3.17. Within the township, the population was spread out, with 27.1% of residents who were under the age of eighteen, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 28.1% who were aged twenty-five to sixty-four, 25.6% who were aged forty-five to sixty-four, and 11.7% who were sixty-five years of age or older. The median age
441-399: Was thirty-eight years. For every one hundred females, there were 103.0 males. For every one hundred females who were aged eighteen or older, there were 98.4 males. The median income for a household in the township was $ 50,063, and the median income for a family was $ 55,625. Males had a median income of $ 36,935 compared with that $ 25,402 for females. The per capita income for the township
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