In accounting , revenue is the total amount of income generated by the sale of goods and services related to the primary operations of the business . Commercial revenue may also be referred to as sales or as turnover . Some companies receive revenue from interest , royalties , or other fees . "Revenue" may refer to income in general, or it may refer to the amount, in a monetary unit , earned during a period of time, as in "Last year, company X had revenue of $ 42 million". Profits or net income generally imply total revenue minus total expenses in a given period. In accounting , revenue is a subsection of the equity section of the balance statement, since it increases equity. It is often referred to as the "top line" due to its position at the very top of the income statement . This is to be contrasted with the "bottom line" which denotes net income (gross revenues minus total expenses).
37-418: In general usage, revenue is the total amount of income by the sale of goods or services related to the company's operations. Sales revenue is income received from selling goods or services over a period of time. Tax revenue is income that a government receives from taxpayers. Fundraising revenue is income received by a charity from donors etc. to further its social purposes. In more formal usage, revenue
74-569: A double-entry bookkeeping system , revenue accounts are general ledger accounts that are summarized periodically under the heading "revenue" or "revenues" on an income statement . Revenue account-names describe the type of revenue, such as "repair service revenue", "rent revenue earned" or "sales". For non-profit organizations , revenue may be referred to as gross receipts , support , contributions , etc. This operating revenue can include donations from individuals and corporations, support from government agencies, income from activities related to
111-423: A liability is incurred. In terms of the accounting equation , expenses reduce owners' equity . The International Accounting Standards Board defines expenses as: ...decreases in economic benefits during the accounting period in the form of outflows or depletions of assets or incurrences of liabilities that result in decreases in equity, other than those relating to distributions to equity participants. Expense
148-442: A tenant , rent is an expense. For students or parents, tuition is an expense. Buying food, clothing, furniture, or an automobile is often referred to as an expense. An expense is a cost that is "paid" or " remitted ", usually in exchange for something of value. Something that seems to cost a great deal is "expensive". Something that seems to cost little is "inexpensive". " Expenses of the table " are expenses for dining, refreshments,
185-432: A business's primary activities are reported as sales , sales revenue or net sales . This includes product returns and discounts for early payment of invoices . Most businesses also have revenue that is incidental to the business's primary activities, such as interest earned on deposits in a demand account . This is included in revenue but not included in net sales. Sales revenue does not include sales tax collected by
222-402: A company for selling its products or rendering its services. Also referred to as revenue , they are reported directly on the income statement as Sales or Net sales . In financial ratios that use income statement sales values, "sales" refers to net sales, not gross sales . Sales are the unique transactions that occur in professional selling or during marketing initiatives. Revenue
259-405: A feast, etc. In accounting , expense is any specific outflow of cash or other valuable assets from a person or company to another person or company. This outflow is generally one side of a trade for products or services that have equal or better current or future value to the buyer than to the seller. Technically, an expense is an event in which a proprietary stake is diminished or exhausted, or
296-426: A liability account, which are balance sheet accounts. An expense decreases assets or increases liabilities. Typical business expenses include salaries, utilities, depreciation of capital assets, and interest expense for loans. The purchase of a capital asset such as a building or equipment is not an expense. In a cash flow statement (flow of funds statement), expenditures are divided into three categories: Whether
333-452: A monetary policy statement to the reserve bank directing a positive inflation rate, the expense provision for the return of currency to the reserve bank is largely symbolic, such that to totally cancel the currency in circulation provision, all currency would have to be returned to the reserve bank and canceled. Sales (accounting) In bookkeeping , accounting , and financial accounting , net sales are operating revenues earned by
370-455: A new business-related asset. This cost could not be deducted in the current taxable year. However, the gas the person buys during that year to fuel that truck would be considered a deductible expense. The cost of purchasing gas does not improve or prolong the life of the truck but simply allows the truck to run. Even if something qualifies as an expense, it is not necessarily deductible. As a general rule, expenses are deductible if they relate to
407-519: A particular expenditure is classified as an expense, which is reported immediately on the business's income statement or whether it is classified as a capital expenditure (or an expenditure subject to depreciation ), which is not an expense flow of funds statement. Though, these latter types of expenditures are reported as expenses when they are depreciated by businesses that use accrual-basis accounting - as most large businesses and all C corporations do. Defining an expense as capital or income using
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#1732773226523444-621: A personal level, expense management enables individuals to maintain a healthy financial life. By tracking and categorizing expenses, individuals gain a clear understanding of where their money is going. This awareness allows for better budgeting, saving, and investing decisions. It empowers individuals to make informed choices about their spending habits, prioritize financial goals, and avoid unnecessary debt. There are outstanding mobile applications that makes personal expense management handy, notably SMoney that are available in both iOS and Android Versions. For businesses, effective expense management
481-551: A plethora of corporate finance and expense management apps, it is notable that Odoo and Expense.com.hk are free and simple to use. Other platforms, including Workstem and InfoTech requires an upfront payment plus relatively complex setup procedures. In both personal and corporate contexts, expense management contributes to financial stability and resilience. It helps individuals and businesses weather unexpected expenses, emergencies, or economic downturns. By establishing sound financial habits and practices, individuals can build
518-629: A taxpayer's trade or business activity or if the expense is paid or incurred in the production or collection of income from an activity that does not rise to the level of a trade or business (investment activity). Section 162(a) of the Internal Revenue Code is the deduction provision for business or trade expenses. In order to be a trade or business expense and qualify for a deduction, it must satisfy 5 elements in addition to qualifying as an expense. It must be (1) ordinary and (2) necessary ( Welch v. Helvering defines this as necessary for
555-478: A time period. Net sales are gross sales minus sales returns, sales allowances, and sales discounts. Gross sales do not normally appear on an income statement . The sales figures reported on an income statement are net sales. input vat - output vat sales of portfolio items and capital gains taxes Sales Returns and Allowances and Sales Discounts are contra-revenue accounts. In a survey of nearly 200 senior marketing managers, 70 percent responded that they found
592-515: Is a calculation or estimation of periodic income based on a particular standard accounting practice or the rules established by a government or government agency. Two common accounting methods , cash basis accounting and accrual basis accounting , do not use the same process for measuring revenue. Corporations that offer shares for sale to the public are usually required by law to report revenue based on generally accepted accounting principles or on International Financial Reporting Standards . In
629-409: Is a term also used in sociology , in which a particular fortune or price is sacrificed voluntarily or involuntarily by something or someone to something or somebody else, often in the context that the latter is taking advantage of the former. In double-entry bookkeeping, expenses are recorded as a debit to an expense account (an income statement account) and a credit to either an asset account or
666-479: Is a transfer of property for money or credit. In double-entry bookkeeping , a sale of merchandise is recorded in the general journal as a debit to cash or accounts receivable and a credit to the sales account. The amount recorded is the actual monetary value of the transaction, not the list price of the merchandise. A discount from list price might be noted if it applies to the sale. Fees for services are recorded separately from sales of merchandise, but
703-406: Is earned when goods are delivered or services are rendered. The term sales in a marketing , advertising or a general business context often refers to a free in which a buyer has agreed to purchase some products at a set time in the future. From an accounting standpoint, sales do not occur until the product is delivered. "Outstanding orders" refers to sales orders that have not been filled. A sale
740-414: Is from something other than its core operations. The combination of all the revenue-generating systems of a business is called its revenue model . While the current IFRS conceptual framework no longer draws a distinction between revenue and gains, it continues to be drawn at the standard and reporting levels. For example, IFRS 9.5.7.1 states: "A gain or loss on a financial asset or financial liability that
777-449: Is measured at fair value shall be recognised in profit or loss ..." while the IASB defined IFRS XBRL taxonomy includes OtherGainsLosses, GainsLossesOnNetMonetaryPosition and similar items. Revenue is a crucial part of financial statement analysis. The company's performance is measured to the extent to which its asset inflows (revenues) compare with its asset outflows ( expenses ). Net income
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#1732773226523814-473: Is printed. This is recorded as an advance to the retail bank together with a corresponding currency in circulation expense entry, that is, the income derived from the Official Cash rate payable by the retail banks for instruments such as 90-day bills. There is a question as to whether using generic business-based accounting standards can give a fair and accurate picture of government accounts, in that with
851-467: Is the result of this equation, but revenue typically enjoys equal attention during a standard earnings call . If a company displays solid "top-line growth", analysts could view the period's performance as positive even if earnings growth, or "bottom-line growth" is stagnant. Conversely, high net income growth would be tainted if a company failed to produce significant revenue growth. Consistent revenue growth, if accompanied by net income growth, contributes to
888-561: Is vital for maintaining financial health and achieving long-term success. By closely monitoring and controlling expenses, businesses can optimize their operational costs and improve profitability. Expense management helps identify areas of overspending, inefficiencies, or potential cost savings. It allows for strategic decision-making, such as resource allocation, investment planning, and pricing strategies. Moreover, proper expense management ensures compliance with financial regulations and enhances transparency in financial reporting. Whilst there are
925-573: Is what had previously been the norm. An expense report is a form of document that contains all the expenses that an individual has incurred as a result of the business operation. For example, if the owner of a business travels to another location for a meeting, the cost of travel, the meals, and all other expenses that he/she has incurred may be added to the expense report. Consequently, these expenses will be considered business expenses and are tax-deductible. Many businesses benefit from automated expense reports systems for expense management . Depending on
962-511: The Internal Revenue Code permits the deduction of business expenses in the tax payable year in which those expenses are paid or incurred. This is in contrast to capital expenditures that are paid or incurred to acquire an asset. Expenses are costs that do not acquire, improve, or prolong the life of an asset. For example, a person who buys a new truck for a business would be making a capital expenditure because they have acquired
999-534: The "sales total" metric very useful. Revenue or Sales reported on the income statement are net sales after deducting Sales Returns and Allowances and Sales Discounts. When the US government reports wholesale sales, this includes excise taxes on certain products. Expenses An expense is an item requiring an outflow of money , or any form of fortune in general, to another person or group as payment for an item, service, or other category of costs . For
1036-590: The association's digital media outlets. Business revenue is money income from activities that are ordinary for a particular corporation, company, partnership, or sole-proprietorship. For some businesses, such as manufacturing or grocery , most revenue is from the sale of goods. Service businesses such as law firms and barber shops receive most of their revenue from rendering services. Lending businesses such as car rentals and banks receive most of their revenue from fees and interest generated by lending assets to other organizations or individuals. Revenues from
1073-411: The bookkeeping transactions for recording "sales" of services are similar to those for recording sales of tangible goods. Net sales = Gross sales − (Customer discounts, returns, allowances) {\displaystyle {\text{Net sales}}={\text{Gross sales}}-{\text{(Customer discounts, returns, allowances)}}} Gross sales are the sum of all sales during
1110-436: The business. Other revenue (a.k.a. non-operating revenue) is revenue from peripheral (non-core) operations. For example, a company that manufactures and sells automobiles would record the revenue from the sale of an automobile as "regular" revenue. If that same company also rented a portion of one of its buildings, it would record that revenue as "other revenue" and disclose it separately on its income statement to show that it
1147-457: The development of the business at least in that they were appropriate and helpful). Expenses paid to preserve one's reputation do not appear to qualify). In addition, it must be (3) paid or incurred during the taxable year. It must be paid (4) in carrying on (meaning not prior to the start of a business or in creating it) (5) a trade or business activity. To qualify as a trade or business activity, it must be continuous and regular, and profit must be
Revenue - Misplaced Pages Continue
1184-422: The management, conservation, or maintenance of property held for the production of income, or (3) in connection with the determination, collection, or refund of any tax. In investing, one controversy that mounted throughout 2002 and 2003 was whether companies should report the granting of stock options to employees as an expense on the income statement, or should not report this at all in the income statement, which
1221-420: The most common interpretation depends upon its term. When an expense is seen as a purchase, it alleviates this distinction. Soon after the purchase (that which was expenses holds no value), it is usually identified as an expense. It will be viewed as capital with life that should be amortized / depreciated and retained on the balance sheet if it retains value soon and long after the purchase. For tax purposes,
1258-544: The organization's mission , income from fundraising activities, and membership dues. Revenue (income and gains) from investments may be categorized as "operating" or "non-operating"—but for many non-profits must (simultaneously) be categorized by fund (along with other accounts). For non-profits with substantial revenue from the dues of their voluntary members: non-dues revenue is revenue generated through means besides association membership fees. This revenue can be found through means of sponsorships , donations or outsourcing
1295-437: The primary motive. An expense can be a loss or profit. But the loss or profit need not really be an expense. Section 212 of the Internal Revenue Code is the deduction provision for investment expenses. In addition to being an expense and satisfying elements 1-4 above, expenses are deductible as an investment activity under Section 212 of the Internal Revenue Code if they are (1) for the production or collection of income, (2) for
1332-409: The system chosen, these software solutions can reduce time costs, errors, and fraud. Expense management is a crucial aspect of both personal and corporate financial well-being. It involves effectively tracking, controlling, and optimizing expenses to ensure financial stability and growth. Whether for individuals or organizations, understanding and managing expenses is essential for various reasons. On
1369-502: The value of an enterprise and therefore the share price. Revenue is used as an indication of earnings quality. There are several financial ratios attached to it: Government revenue includes all amounts of money (i.e., taxes and fees) received from sources outside the government entity. Large governments usually have an agency or department responsible for collecting government revenue from companies and individuals. Government revenue may also include reserve bank currency which
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