Rebecca Agatha Armour (25 October 1845 – 24 April 1891) was a Canadian teacher and novelist born in Fredericton , New Brunswick . Her fiction has been said to provide a "rich depiction of New Brunswick social life during the 19th century." The intention behind it was to cherish "every right and institution which makes our beloved New Brunswick the pride of its loyal people."
48-555: Armour was the eldest of the four daughters of a grocer, Joseph Armour (1798–1876), and his wife Margaret Hazlett (died 1891). Both her parents had immigrated from Ireland, her father from Coleraine in Ulster . She had a Presbyterian upbringing. She graduated from the local Provincial Teachers' College , a normal school , and gained her teaching licence on 30 November 1863. Armour taught in Fredericton for many years, but moved to
96-402: A maritime climate with cool summers and relatively mild winters. The nearest official Met Office weather station for which online records are available is at nearby Coleraine University, about 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the town centre. However, observations ceased a few years ago and the nearest current Met Office weather observing station is at Movanagher, about 12 miles (19 km) to
144-538: A 1 mile (1.6 km)–long peninsula , Ramore Head . It had a population of 6,150 people at the 2021 Census . The town is well known for its three sandy beaches, the West Strand, East Strand and White Rocks, as well as the Royal Portrush Golf Club , the only golf club outside Great Britain which has hosted The Open Championship in 1951 and 2019 . A number of flint tools found during
192-527: A Sports Development Officer. Coleraine is classified as a large town (i.e. with a population between 18,000 and 75,000 people). On Census day (27 March 2011) there were 24,634 people living in Coleraine, accounting for 1.36% of the NI total. Of these: On Census day (2021) there were 24,483 people living in Coleraine. Of these: Coleraine, as a town name, exists outside Northern Ireland. In Quebec , Canada,
240-568: A number of well-known golf courses, including Castlerock Golf Club, Royal Portrush Golf Club and Portstewart Golf Club . The Coleraine area has a significant equestrian presence. Of particular interest is RDA Coleraine (Riding for the Disabled Association (Coleraine & District Group), which provides riding opportunities for anyone with a physical and/or learning disability at their £1.75 million RDA Causeway Coast Arena at Castleroe (see website www.rdacoleraine.org). The new arena
288-595: A school in Lancaster (now part of Saint John ), probably in May 1873, when her teaching licence was transferred there. She seems to have moved back in 1878 to Fredericton, where she married on 22 January 1885 a carriage maker, John G. Thompson, who was also the child of Irish Presbyterians. They had no children. According to an unattributed comment in the Dictionary of Canadian Biography , Armour earned praise as "one of
336-402: A steady expansion of the urban area from the mid-20th-century compact town of less than 2.25 square miles (5.8 km ), to the present much more dispersed area of about 7 square miles (18 km ). Since 1980 growth has continued but at a slightly more modest pace. In the twenty years to 2001 the town's population increased by 22% to approximately 25,000 but the rate of increase fell from 12% in
384-400: Is part of Causeway Coast and Glens district. Coleraine had a population of 24,483 people in the 2021 census . Coleraine during the day is busy but relatively quiet at night. Much of the nightlife in the area centres on the nearby seaside resort towns of Portrush and Portstewart , with the three towns forming a combined visitor area known as “The Triangle”. Coleraine is home to one of
432-542: Is served by buses from the town and there is a narrow-gauge steam train running in the summer from Bushmills to the Giant's Causeway. Also north of Coleraine is the scenic coastal town of Portstewart , with a sandy beach and coastal walks. Portrush is part of the Borough. North-west of Coleraine lies the small village of Castlerock , with a beach which is essentially a continuation of the beach at Portstewart , separated by
480-546: Is the last stop on the Coleraine-Portrush railway line , where travellers can connect with trains to Derry , Belfast and beyond. Portrush is a busy seaside resort, with a frequent train service run by Northern Ireland Railways connecting with Ulsterbus services linking to Bushmills and the Giant's Causeway . RNLI lifeboats have operated out of Portrush Harbour since 1860, and currently stationed there are
528-405: Is twinned with French town La Roche-sur-Yon . Portrush Portrush (from Irish Port Rois , meaning 'port of the promontory ') is a small seaside resort town on the north coast of County Antrim , Northern Ireland . It neighbours the resort of Portstewart . The main part of the old town, including the railway station as well as most hotels, restaurants and bars, is built on
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#1732787848605576-579: The IFA Premiership and CLG Eoghan Rua established in 1957. Coleraine is one of the hosting towns for the Milk Cup . Coleraine is part of the circuit for the North West 200 , a series of motorcycle road races organised by the Coleraine and District Motor Club. Coleraine Bowling Club is a lawn bowls club on Lodge Road and was founded in 1903. Coleraine is one of the most successful teams in
624-644: The Plantation of Ulster in the early 17th century. Nothing survives of either castle. Following the Wars of the Three Kingdoms in the mid-17th century, Portrush became a small fishing town. It grew heavily in the 19th century as a tourist destination, following the opening of the Ballymena, Ballymoney, Coleraine and Portrush Junction Railway in 1855, and by the turn of the 20th century had become one of
672-600: The Provisional Irish Republican Army while on foot patrol on Main Street. On Census day (21 March 2021) there were 6,150 people living in Portrush. Of these: On Census day (27 March 2011) there were 6,454 people living in Portrush (2,824 households), accounting for 0.36% of the NI total. Of these: Portrush has an oceanic climate ( Köppen : Cfb ). Portrush hosts an annual air show at
720-544: The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) were killed when their own bomb went off as they travelled through Farrenlester near Coleraine. A third bombing occurred on 13 November 1992 when the IRA detonated a large van bomb in the town centre. Although extensive property damage was caused, which resulted in several major buildings being demolished, no one was killed. Coleraine Town Hall required major structural work, and
768-609: The 1980s to 8% in the 1990s. During the Troubles in Northern Ireland , a total of 13 people were killed in or near Coleraine. Ten of these people were killed in two separate car bomb explosions; on 12 June 1973, the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) detonated a car bomb on Railway Road , with inadequate warning. Six Protestant civilians, all in their sixties and seventies, were killed. The second most fatal incident occurred on 2 October 1975 when four members of
816-612: The 19th century and into the early part of the 20th century, especially after the Second World War. The population doubled due to a number of factors: major industrial development on extensive suburban sites; the decision to site the New University of Ulster (now known as the Ulster University ) in the town; the expansion of commerce; and the development of sporting and recreational facilities. There has been
864-591: The 19th century." Coleraine Coleraine ( / k oʊ l ˈ r eɪ n / kohl- RAYN ; from Irish : Cúil Raithin [ˌkuːlʲ ˈɾˠahənʲ] , 'nook of the ferns ' ) is a town and civil parish near the mouth of the River Bann in County Londonderry , Northern Ireland . It is 55 miles (89 km) north-west of Belfast and 30 miles (48 km) east of Derry , both of which are linked by major roads and railway connections. It
912-531: The Heiress of Glenmarle (1880) and Marion Wilburn (date of publication not known). The author described her motives for writing novels in Marguerite Verne : "We have liberty, right, education, refinement and culture in our midst; we have a good government, noble reforms, and all advantages to make us good and happy. Then let us cherish every right and institution which makes our beloved New Brunswick
960-544: The NIPBA and Irish bowling, with 64 titles on the honours list. The Bannsiders have claimed two Irish Bowling Association Senior Challenge Cup victories, in 1921 and 2013. Coleraine have also provided a number of international players and Commonwealth Games representatives, most notably Victor Dallas and Roy Fulton. Coleraine Cricket Club plays in the North West Senior League . In the wider local area are
1008-460: The beginning of September. The Royal National Lifeboat Institution raft race is am annual event in which contestants must build a raft that can take them from the West Strand beach into Portrush Harbour. The event has been featured on Northern Ireland news broadcasts on several years and is a great credit to the RNLI's popularity locally. The North West 200 is a motorcycle road race following
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#17327878486051056-568: The best lady teachers in the service in New Brunswick." Armour died on 24 April 1891, within three weeks of the death of her mother, whose will, signed only days before in favour of Armour and her husband, was contested by one of her sisters. She was interred in the Old Burial Ground, Fredericton, where the headstone gives her year of birth as 1847. Armour's first novel, Lady Rosamond's Secret. A Romance of Fredericton (1878),
1104-433: The failed Siege of Derry , Sir Charles Carney and his Jacobite garrison fled the town on receiving news of the advance of Percy Kirke 's Enniskillen forces and the landing at Carrickfergus of Marshal Schomberg . The Williamites controlled Coleraine for the remainder of the war. With some industrialisation, the expansion of the river port, and the development of the railway, the town expanded significantly throughout
1152-547: The journal Capital in 1880 (eight between September and November that year, but not all the numbers of the journal have survived). Armour's penultimate novel, Marguerite Verne, or Scenes from Canadian Life (1886), is set in Saint John at the time of writing. This has been criticized for "abrupt transitions, authorial asides, heavy-handed moralism, and convenient coincidences." There are no known surviving copies of two further novels published in her lifetime: Sylvia Leigh; or,
1200-763: The largest Polish communities in Northern Ireland. Coleraine is at the lowest bridgeable point of the River Bann, where the river is 90 metres (300 ft) wide. The town square is called 'The Diamond' and is the location of Coleraine Town Hall . The three bridges in Coleraine are the Sandelford Bridge, Coleraine Bridge and the Bann Bridge . St Patrick's Church of Ireland is in the town centre, with churches for other denominations all within walking distance. The University of Ulster campus
1248-603: The late 19th and early 20th century, and declined after the Second World War with the growth of foreign travel. It escaped any involvement in the Troubles until 3 August 1976, when a series of bombings of properties burned out and destroyed several buildings, though with no loss of life. In a second attack in April 1987, two officers of the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) were shot in the back by
1296-403: The late 19th century show that the site of Portrush was occupied during the "Larnian" (late Irish Mesolithic ) period; recent estimates date this to around 4000 BC. The site of Portrush, with its excellent natural defences, probably became a permanent settlement around the 12th or 13th century. A church is known to have existed on Ramore Head at this time, but no part of it now survives. From
1344-572: The lines of the ramparts that provided the Plantation town with its defences. During the War of the Two Kings (1689–91) Coleraine was a centre of Protestant resistance to the rule of James II . Richard Hamilton 's Irish Army made an attempt to seize the town but was repulsed. The Protestants were forced to abandon the town shortly afterwards and withdrew to Derry . Later the same year, following
1392-471: The major resort towns of Ireland, with a number of large hotels and boarding houses including the prominent Northern Counties Hotel. As well as the town's beaches and the Royal Portrush Golf Club (opened 1888), the nearby Giant's Causeway was a popular tourist destination, with the Giant's Causeway Tramway – at the time, one of the world's longest electrified railways – built in 1893 to cater to travellers coming from Portrush. The town's fortunes peaked in
1440-489: The mouth of the River Bann. Also nearby is the beach at Benone Strand and Mussenden Temple , built by Frederick Augustus Hervey , an 18th-century Anglican bishop atop a precipitate cliff and overlooking County Donegal in one direction and Scotland in another. The bishop's residence, Downhill House , which is managed by the National Trust, fell into disrepair after the Second World War . Coleraine experiences
1488-770: The municipality of Saint-Joseph-de-Coleraine in the Appalachian region perpetuates the hometown of Irish settlers who arrived starting in 1864. In the United States, several places are named after Coleraine, including two townships in Ohio: Colerain Township, Belmont County and Colerain Township, Hamilton County . In 1853, a surveyor named Lindsay Clarke was working on a township called Bryans Creek Crossing in Victoria , Australia. He renamed
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1536-700: The neighbouring district of Limavady , forms the East Londonderry constituency for elections to the Westminster Parliament and Northern Ireland Assembly , despite some of the borough being in County Antrim. Coleraine is near the Causeway Coast tourist route, attracting over 2 million annual visitors. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Giant's Causeway , is a 25-minute bus ride away. The distillery village of Bushmills
1584-401: The present-day institution. The university was placed in the top five of UK universities by the 2014 Research Excellence Framework for its law, biomedical, and humanities programs. The Causeway Institute is a College of Further and Higher Education based in Coleraine, with another campus in nearby Ballymoney . Coleraine railway station opened on 4 December 1855 and shares facilities with
1632-487: The pride of its loyal people. It is such feeling which prompts this work, and if the different scenes throughout the province which we will endeavour to portray, the usages of society, custom, &c., and the few characters introduced from real life, meet your approbation, our highest expectation will be realized." According to Lorna Sage , an English historian of women's writing, "[Armour's] fiction remains of interest for its rich depiction of New Brunswick social life during
1680-402: The records of the papal taxation of 1306, the Portrush church – and by extension the village – appears to have been reasonably wealthy. The promontory also held two castles, at varying periods. The first of these, Caisleán an Teenie, is believed to have been at the tip of Ramore Head, and probably destroyed in the late 16th century; the other, Portrush Castle, may have been built around the time of
1728-448: The river here in those times, and to a considerable sport derived therefrom. It accompanies an engraving of a painting of the salmon leap by Thomas Mann Baynes . Coleraine was the headquarters of the former Coleraine Borough Council , before this was amalgamated in 2015 to form the Causeway Coast and Glens District Council , which is now based in the former Coleraine Borough Council headquarters. The Borough Council area together with
1776-438: The small village of Loughan. Coleraine has a variety of educational institutions at all levels. The local schools include: Coleraine is the location of a University of Ulster campus and houses the university's administration buildings. It is the original campus of what was the New University of Ulster (established in 1968) which merged with the former Ulster Polytechnic at Jordanstown just north of Belfast in 1984 to form
1824-490: The south. Rainfall at Coleraine typically peaks at over 100 mm (3.9 in) during the month of October. The driest month is May, with an average of under 60 mm (2.4 in). On average, 173 days of the year will report at least 1 mm (0.039 in) of rain, ranging from 18 days in January to 11 days during June. The following table summarises temperature averages sampled between 1971 and 2000. The east side of
1872-620: The town Coleraine . International projects, under the guidance of Coleraine Borough Council, include the Zomba Action Project – a charity founded in 2003 to provide aid to the municipality of Zomba in southern Malawi . The region was chosen due to the historical connections between the Presbyterian and Catholic churches and Malawi, sustained by a number of specific local contacts. Donations have been used to fund computers, education, medical and other projects. Coleraine
1920-422: The town got its name. When Patrick arrived in the neighbourhood, he was received with great honour and hospitality by the local chieftain, Nadslua, who offered him a piece of ground on which to build a church. The spot was next to the river Bann and was overgrown with ferns, which were being burned by some boys to amuse themselves. This incident led to the area being called Cúil Raithin ('nook of ferns'), which
1968-608: The town is distinguished by Mountsandel Forest, which contains the Mount Sandel fort , an ancient site which has been claimed as the oldest site of human settlement in Ireland. Here wooden houses dating from about 7000 BC were uncovered. The fort can be accessed via Mountsandel forest, the closest entrance being the side near the Coleraine Courthouse. There is another fort about two miles south of Mountsandel near
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2016-693: The town's Ulsterbus bus depot. Passenger service is delivered via the Belfast-Derry railway line along the scenic shore of Lough Foyle and the Coleraine–Portrush railway line branch line. The Belfast–Derry railway line is to be upgraded to facilitate more frequent trains and improvements to the permanent way such as track and signalling to enable faster services. The railway station was closed for goods traffic on 4 January 1965. Coleraine itself contains Coleraine Rugby Club, established in 1921, Coleraine F.C. , established in 1927 and currently in
2064-577: The triangular route around Portstewart, Coleraine and Portrush. Held every May, with events in various engine categories, it attracts crowds in excess of 150,000. The following schools are in Portrush: The Northern Ireland Milk Cup uses Parker Avenue in Portrush as one of the pitches for the tournament, and many teams stay within the town itself. Portrush railway station was opened on 4 December 1855 and closed for goods traffic on 20 September 1954. The station
2112-668: Was built in the 1960s and brought a theatrical space to the town in the form of the Riverside Theatre . The town has a large catchment area and is designated as a "major growth area" in the Northern Ireland Development Strategy. Coleraine has a long history of settlement. The Mesolithic site at Mount Sandel , which dates from approximately 5935 BC is some of the earliest evidence of human settlement in Ireland. The ninth-century hagiography Tripartite Life of Saint Patrick records how
2160-574: Was funded by SportNI, Coleraine Borough Council, and by donations from the people of the district. The conditions of grant aid included the provision of a first-class sporting arena for RDA, the equestrian fraternity, and other sporting activities. Especially important is the development of The OWLS Sports Club ( O pportunities W ithout L imit s ), which will coordinate the development of a range of different sporting opportunities for persons with physical and/or learning disabilities, and in many cases their siblings. To facilitate this process SportNI has funded
2208-571: Was later anglicised as Colrain , Colerain and Coleraine . It was translated by Colgan into Latin as Secessus Filicis . The town was one of the two urban communities developed by the London Companies in County Londonderry in the Plantation of Ulster at the start of the 17th century. The slightly skewed street pattern of Coleraine's town centre is the legacy of that early exercise in town planning, along with traces of
2256-723: Was not reopened until August 1995. The other three people to be killed in Coleraine were all shot by loyalist paramilitaries. One was Danny Cassidy, a Sinn Féin electoral worker who was killed by the Ulster Freedom Fighters and the other two were also civilians with no paramilitary connections. One was killed by the UVF and the other by a non-specific loyalist group. The poetical illustration The Coleraine Salmon Leap by Letitia Elizabeth Landon , in Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1836, refers to an abundance of salmon in
2304-570: Was published by the Saint John Telegraph . It deals with life in Fredericton during the New Brunswick lieutenant-generalship of Sir Howard Douglas , Bt. in 1824–1831. It has been criticized for "stilted dialogue, self-conscious authorial intrusions, and sycophantic praise of Sir Howard," but it provides a factual account of local society in that period. Also of local historical interest are the sketches entitled "Landmarks of Old Fredericton", at least five of which appeared anonymously in
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