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25-662: Rebel (formerly Rebel Sport ) is an Australian sport equipment and related apparel chain . It is a subsidiary of Super Retail Group . The company has more than 160 stores across Australia and over 6,000 employees. Rebel Sport was established in 1985 with its first store in Bankstown . After being listed on the Australian Securities Exchange in 1993, it was purchased by Harvey Norman in July 2001. Archer Capital acquired Amart Sports in 2004. Amart

50-417: A certain standard of living for an individual or a household . Changes in the cost of living over time can be measured in a cost-of-living index . Cost of living calculations are also used to compare the cost of maintaining a certain standard of living in different geographic areas. Differences in the cost of living between locations can be measured in terms of purchasing power parity rates. A sharp rise in

75-753: A comparable inflation-offsetting gain at the after-tax level. Some salaries and pensions in the United States with a COLA include: Pensions in Canada with a COLA include: Social security benefits in the United States receive cost-of-living adjustments (COLAs) to match increases in the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W). They can also receive funds from public charities for specific issues. The COLAs are made at most annually and are calculated based on

100-442: A much larger reduction in their net worth during the crisis. Further, since lower income families tend to spend relatively more of their income than higher income families, shifting more of the income to wealthier families may slow economic growth. The 2022 World Inequality Report , a four-year research project organized by the economists Lucas Chancel , Thomas Piketty , Emmanuel Saez , and Gabriel Zucman , shows that "the world

125-610: Is an activewear brand owned by Rebel. On 25 November 2015, Rebel signed on as Women's Big Bash League 's naming rights sponsor and also become the official online retail store of Cricket Australia . Rebel sponsored the Rebel Sport Masters , a Tier 2 golf tournament on the Australasian PGA Tour held in January 2018 at Wainui Golf Club, Wainui, New Zealand. Sporting goods retailer Decathlon ,

150-501: Is an internet tool designed to calculate cost-of-living allowances and build compensation packages for corporate executives maintaining a western lifestyle. The survey incorporates easy-to-understand comparative cost of living indices between cities. The survey allows city-to-city comparisons, but for the purpose of this report all cities are compared to a base city of New York City , which has an index set at 100. The survey has been carried out for more than 30 years. The most recent survey

175-441: Is equal to the nominal interest minus the real interest rate. When cost-of-living adjustments, negotiated wage settlements and budgetary increases exceed CPI , media reports frequently compare the two without consideration of the pertinent tax code. However, CPI is based on the retail pricing of a basket of goods and services. Most purchases of that same basket require the use of after-tax dollars—dollars that were often subject to

200-488: Is marked by a very high level of income inequality and an extreme level of wealth inequality". According to the report, the bottom half of the population owns 2% of global wealth, while the top 10% owns 76% of it. The top 1% owns 38%. Stipends or extra pay provided to employees who are being temporarily relocated may also be called cost-of-living adjustments or cost-of-living allowances. Such adjustments are intended to offset changes in welfare due to geographic differences in

225-609: The COVID-19 pandemic . Many brands, retailers, and manufacturers failed to return a profit, and many households reduced physical activity due to reduced disposable income . However, demand for sportwear and indoor fitness equipment remained high. The sector experienced significant growth in the immediate aftermath of the pandemic. In 2021, McKinsey & Company identified a shift away from conventional bricks and mortar retail to online shops requiring more agile supply chains and experiential retail offering unique experiences. In

250-688: The Australia include 99 Bikes , Anaconda , Boating Camping and Fishing , Kathmandu , Macpac , Mountain Designs Rebel and Snowys Outdoors . In China, the sector expanded at an average rate of 16.5% a year from 2015 to 2019. The sector continued to grow in the Chinese market during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to increased physical activity by the country's growing middle class. In the United States, Walmart and Dick's Sporting Goods are

275-493: The United Kingdom, about 18% of an average home's energy costs relate to the cost of heating water . Employment contracts and pension benefits can be tied to a cost-of-living index, typically to the consumer price index (CPI). A COLA adjusts salaries based on changes in a cost-of-living index. Salaries are typically adjusted annually. They may also be tied to a cost-of-living index that varies by geographic location if

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300-412: The United States, Dick's Sporting Goods began trialling concept stores with specialties, or in-store experiences like golf putting green, wellness experts, yoga classes, rock climbing, batting cages, and equipment repair services. In the same report, McKinsey & Company also identified a strong market for sportswear, which was becoming both more lucrative and more competitive. This was partly due to

325-442: The blurring of lines between active wear and casual wear . Also in 2021, Mintel has identified three potential growth areas: women's sporting goods; men's sportswear; and the marketing of premium brands, particularly to parents. In 2022, research in the United States found consumers were planning to spend less at sporting goods retailers due to rising costs of living and other prices. Prominent Sporting goods retailers in

350-426: The cost of living can trigger a cost of living crisis , where purchasing power is lost and, for some people, their previous lifestyle is no longer affordable. The link between income and health is well-established. Cost of living pressures may lead to household energy insecurity or fuel poverty as well as housing stress . Cost of living is the cost of maintaining a certain standard of living . Changes in

375-464: The cost of living over time can be operationalized in a cost-of-living index . Cost of living calculations can be used to compare the cost of maintaining a certain standard of living in different geographic areas. Differences in cost of living between locations can be measured in terms of purchasing power parity rates. Major components of the cost of living include food, housing costs and energy. Energy costs include heating, light and cooking costs. In

400-448: The cost of living. Such adjustments might more accurately be described as a per diem allowance or tied to a specific item, as with housing allowances. Employees who are being permanently relocated are less likely to receive such allowances, but may receive a base salary adjustment to reflect local market conditions. A non-taxable cost-of-living allowance is frequently given to members of the U.S. military stationed at overseas bases if

425-705: The employee moves. In this latter case, the expatriate employee will likely see only the discretionary income part of their salary indexed by a differential CPI between the new and old employment locations, leaving the non-discretionary part of the salary (e.g., mortgage payments, insurance, car payments) unmodified. Annual escalation clauses in employment contracts can specify retroactive or future percentage increases in worker pay which are not tied to any index. These negotiated increases in pay are colloquially referred to as cost-of-living adjustments or cost-of-living increases because of their similarity to increases tied to externally determined indexes. The cost-of-living allowance

450-545: The highest marginal tax rate . Consequently, the COLA will necessarily have to exceed the CPI inflation rate to maintain purchasing power. The widely recognized problem known as bracket creep can also occur in countries where the marginal tax brackets themselves are not indexed — COLA increases simply place more dollars into higher tax rate brackets. Only under a flat tax system would a percentage gain on gross income translate into

475-462: The largest sporting goods retailers. Walmart recorded $ 9.8 billion in sporting goods revenue in 2015; Dick's recorded $ 6.9 billion in revenue. Prominent golf equipment retailers in the United States include Worldwide Golf Shops , Edwin Watts Golf , Golf Galaxy , PGA Tour Superstore , and Rock Bottom Golf . Costs of living The cost of living is the cost of maintaining

500-460: The top twenty but also home to eight cheapest cities of the cheapest ten. Larry Summers estimated in 2007 that the lower 80% of families were receiving $ 664 billion less income than they would be with a 1979 income distribution, or approximately $ 7,000 per family. Not receiving this income may have led many families to increase their debt burden, a significant factor in the 2007–2009 subprime mortgage crisis , as highly leveraged homeowners suffered

525-644: The value of the CPI-W in the third quarter of the year (averaging the values from July, August, and September). COLAs can only increase benefits, so in deflationary years when the CPI-W drops there is no COLA. The Economist Intelligence Unit produces a semi-annual (twice yearly) worldwide cost of living survey that compares more than 400 individual prices across 160 products and services. They include food , drink, clothing, household supplies and personal care items, home rents, transport, utility bills, private schools, domestic help and recreational costs. The survey itself

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550-527: The world's largest sporting good retail chain, opened its first store in Lille , France, in 1976. It now has about 1700 stores in 60 countries and territories. The sector contracted globally in 2007 and 2008, due to the loss of disposable income during the Global Financial Crisis . The sector contacted again in 2020, outside China, due to restrictions on outdoor and team sports during

575-604: Was a big format sports store headquartered in Queensland . Archer Capital also merged its acquisitions of South Australian-based Rowe & Jarman, smaller format stores doing business in Western Australia , South Australia , Northern Territory , Victoria and Tasmania to complement Amart Sports. Rowe & Jarman became known as Amart Sports . In 2007, Archer Capital acquired Rebel Sport and consolidated its sports retail businesses into it. In 2011, Amart Sports

600-594: Was acquired by Super Retail Group . In 2017, the Amart Sports brand was discontinued and merged into the Rebel Sport brand. The merger was designed to allow a focus on a single sporting goods brand and reduce costs. In 2012, Rebel Sport dropped the word "sport" from its name and adopted a new logo and black and yellow branding. Rebel stocks a number of well known international brands, including Nike , Asics , Adidas , Puma and Under Armour . Ell & Voo

625-491: Was published in March 2017. Singapore remains the most expensive city in the world for the fourth year running, in a rare occurrence where the entire top five most expensive cities were unchanged from the year prior. Sydney and Melbourne have both cemented their positions as top-ten staples, with Sydney becoming the fifth most expensive, and Melbourne becoming the sixth. Asia is home to more than five most expensive cities in

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