Red Hook Central School District is a school district in New York State .
117-519: Most of the district is in Dutchess County , where it includes most of the town of Red Hook and portions of the towns of Milan and Rhinebeck . The village of Tivoli is in the district boundary, and census-designated places (all of which are hamlets include: Bard College , Barrytown , Red Hook , and Upper Red Hook . The district extends into Germantown Town , Columbia County . Bard includes housing for faculty. Janet Warden became
234-495: A Charter Government with a County Executive and directly elected legislature of 25 members, each elected from a single member district. The Charter form of Government went in to effect in 1968 given the favorable outcome of a 1967 special election dedicated to the question. From 1713 until 1967, the County Government had been managed by a Board of Supervisors, made up of the locally elected leaders. The composition of
351-439: A back staircase, putting themselves under the care of Bishop Compton. They spent one night in his house, and subsequently arrived at Nottingham on 1 December. Two weeks later and escorted by a large company, Anne arrived at Oxford , where she met George in triumph. "God help me!", lamented James on discovering Anne's desertion on 26 November, "Even my children have forsaken me." On 19 December, Anne returned to London, where she
468-425: A bawdy poem written by a Whig propagandist, probably Arthur Maynwaring , that implied a lesbian relationship between Anne and Abigail. The Duchess wrote to Anne telling her she had damaged her reputation by conceiving "a great passion for such a woman ... strange and unaccountable". Sarah thought Abigail had risen above her station, writing "I never thought her education was such as to make her fit company for
585-535: A covering note continuing the argument, Anne wrote back pointedly, "After the commands you gave me on the thanksgiving day of not answering you, I should not have troubled you with these lines, but to return the Duke of Marlborough's letter safe into your hands, and for the same reason do not say anything to that, nor to yours which enclosed it." Anne was devastated by Prince George's death in October 1708, and it proved
702-591: A day of mourning every year on the anniversary of his death. With William childless and Gloucester dead, Anne was the only person remaining in the line of succession established by the Bill of Rights 1689 . To address the succession crisis and preclude a Catholic restoration, the Parliament of England enacted the Act of Settlement 1701 , which provided that, failing the issue of Anne and of William III by any future marriage,
819-519: A future marriage. On 24 July 1689, Anne gave birth to a son, Prince William, Duke of Gloucester , who, though ill, survived infancy. As William and Mary had no children, it looked as though Anne's son would eventually inherit the Crown. Soon after their accession, William and Mary rewarded John Churchill by granting him the Earldom of Marlborough and George was made Duke of Cumberland . Anne requested
936-693: A great lady of [Abigail], and should lose a useful servant". On the same day, Marlborough was dismissed as commander of the army. The peace treaty was ratified and Britain's military involvement in the War of the Spanish Succession ended. By signing the Treaty of Utrecht, Louis XIV of France recognised the Hanoverian succession in Britain. Nevertheless, gossip that Anne and her ministers favoured
1053-415: A great queen. Many people have liked the humour of their chambermaids and have been very kind to them, but 'tis very uncommon to hold a private correspondence with them and put them upon the foot of a friend." While some modern commentators have concluded Anne was a lesbian, most have rejected this analysis. In the opinion of Anne's biographers, she considered Abigail nothing more than a trusted servant and
1170-406: A household in the county was $ 53,086, and the median income for a family was $ 63,254. Males had a median income of $ 45,576 versus $ 30,706 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 23,940. About 5.0% of families and 7.5% of the population were below the poverty line , including 8.5% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over. The decrease in population between 1810 and 1820
1287-426: A legislative resolution sponsored by County Legislator Michael Kelsey from Salt Point. In 1812, Putnam County was detached from Dutchess. Fourteen royal land patents were granted between 1685 and 1706 covering the entirety of the original footprint of Dutchess County (which until 1812 included today's Putnam County ). The first ten, granted between 1685 and 1697, covered almost all of Hudson River shoreline in
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#17327809604471404-462: A lower place in the line of succession, and the two reconciled publicly. He restored her previous honours, allowed her to reside in St James's Palace, and gave her Mary's jewels, but excluded her from government and refrained from appointing her regent during his absences abroad. Three months later, William restored Marlborough to his offices. With Anne's restoration at court, Berkeley House became
1521-476: A mighty hunter like Nimrod ". She gained weight as a result of her sedentary lifestyle; in Sarah's words, "she grew exceeding gross and corpulent. There was something of majesty in her look, but mixed with a gloominess of soul". Sir John Clerk, 1st Baronet , described her in 1706: under a fit of the gout and in extreme pain and agony, and on this occasion everything about her was much in the same disorder as about
1638-573: A mockery. The Queen, increasingly disdainful of the Marlboroughs and her ministry, finally took the opportunity to dismiss Sunderland in June 1710. Godolphin followed in August. The Junto Whigs were removed from office, although Marlborough, for the moment, remained as commander of the army. In their place, she appointed a new ministry headed by Harley , which began to seek peace with France. Unlike
1755-702: A parliamentary bill, although her action was barely commented upon at the time. The invasion fleet never landed and was chased away by British ships commanded by Sir George Byng . As a result of the Jacobite invasion scare, support for the Tories fell and the Whigs were able to secure a majority in the 1708 British general election . The Duchess of Marlborough was angered when Abigail moved into rooms at Kensington Palace that Sarah considered her own, though she rarely if ever used them. In July 1708, she came to court with
1872-527: A potential marriage between them. Historian Edward Gregg dismissed the rumours as ungrounded, as her father was essentially exiled from court, and the Hanoverians planned to marry George to his first cousin Sophia Dorothea of Celle as part of a scheme to unite the Hanoverian inheritance. Other rumours claimed she was courted by Lord Mulgrave , although he denied it. Nevertheless, as a result of
1989-657: A public show of support for the Marlboroughs, Anne took Sarah to a social event at the palace, and refused her sister's request to dismiss Sarah from her household. Lady Marlborough was subsequently removed from the royal household by the Lord Chamberlain , and Anne angrily left her royal lodgings and took up residence at Syon House , the home of the Duke of Somerset . Anne was stripped of her guard of honour; courtiers were forbidden to visit her, and civic authorities were instructed to ignore her. In April, Anne gave birth to
2106-505: A rival political faction. From around this time, at Anne's request she and Sarah Churchill, Lady Marlborough, began to call each other the pet names Mrs. Morley and Mrs. Freeman, respectively, to facilitate a relationship of greater equality between the two when they were alone. In January 1692, suspecting that Marlborough was secretly conspiring with James's followers, the Jacobites , William and Mary dismissed him from all his offices. In
2223-511: A single kingdom called Great Britain, with one parliament, on 1 May 1707. A consistent and ardent supporter of union despite opposition on both sides of the border, Anne attended a thanksgiving service in St Paul's Cathedral . The Scot Sir John Clerk, 1st Baronet , who also attended, wrote, "nobody on this occasion appeared more sincerely devout and thankful than the Queen herself". Anne's reign
2340-470: A social centre for courtiers who had previously avoided contact with Anne and her husband. According to James, Anne wrote to him in 1696 requesting his permission to succeed William, and thereafter promising to restore the Crown to James's line at a convenient opportunity; he declined to give his consent. She was probably trying to ensure her own succession by attempting to prevent a direct claim by James. Anne's final pregnancy ended on 25 January 1700 with
2457-604: A son who died within minutes. Mary visited her, but instead of offering comfort took the opportunity to berate Anne once again for her friendship with Sarah. The sisters never saw each other again. Later that year, Anne moved to Berkeley House in Piccadilly , London, where she had a stillborn daughter in March 1693. When Mary died of smallpox in 1694, William continued to reign alone. Anne became his heir apparent , since any children he might have by another wife were assigned to
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#17327809604472574-512: A son, James Francis Edward Stuart , on 10 June 1688, and a Catholic succession became more likely. Anne was still at Bath, so she did not witness the birth, which fed the belief that the child was spurious. Anne may have left the capital deliberately to avoid being present, or because she was genuinely ill, but it is also possible that James desired the exclusion of all Protestants, including his daughter, from affairs of state. "I shall never now be satisfied", Anne wrote to her sister Mary, "whether
2691-518: A stillbirth. She had been pregnant at least 17 times over as many years, and had miscarried or given birth to stillborn children at least 12 times. Of her five liveborn children, four died before the age of two. Anne experienced bouts of " gout " (pains in her limbs and eventually stomach and head) from at least 1698. Based on her foetal losses and physical symptoms, she may have had systemic lupus erythematosus , or antiphospholipid syndrome . Alternatively, pelvic inflammatory disease could explain why
2808-466: A turning point in her relationship with the Duchess of Marlborough. The Duchess arrived at Kensington Palace shortly before George died, and after his death insisted that Anne leave Kensington for St James's Palace against her wishes. Anne resented the Duchess's intrusive actions, which included removing a portrait of George from the Queen's bedchamber and then refusing to return it in the belief that it
2925-558: A year. She sponsored high-quality medals as rewards for political or military achievements. They were produced at the Mint by Isaac Newton and John Croker . She knighted Newton when she visited Cambridge in 1705. While Ireland was subordinate to the English Crown and Wales formed part of the kingdom of England, Scotland remained an independent sovereign state with its own parliament and laws. The Act of Settlement 1701 , passed by
3042-628: Is a county in the U.S. state of New York . As of the 2020 census , the population was 295,911. The county seat is the city of Poughkeepsie . The county was created in 1683, one of New York's first twelve counties, and later organized in 1713. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state. Dutchess County is part of the Kiryas Joel-Poughkeepsie-Newburgh Metropolitan Statistical Area , which belongs to
3159-777: Is limited. Privately run lines connect Poughkeepsie to New Paltz and Beacon to Newburgh. Leprechaun Lines and Short Line Bus also operate some service through Poughkeepsie, Rhinebeck, and the southern part of the county. NY Waterway operates the Newburgh–Beacon Ferry , which is located at the Beacon train station. General aviation facilities are located at Hudson Valley Regional Airport (formerly Dutchess County Airport), located in Wappinger and Sky Park Airport in Red Hook, New York . General commercial passenger service
3276-883: Is located in Poughkeepsie and The Castle Point Veterans Health Administration is in Wappinger. On March 11, 2020, the county's first case of COVID-19 was confirmed. As of June 2021, there had been 29,483 cases and 445 deaths. The Hudson Valley Renegades are a minor league baseball team affiliated with the New York Yankees . The team is a member of the High-A East , play at Dutchess Stadium in Fishkill and have been located in Dutchess County since 1994. Previous professional sports teams include
3393-463: Is not anything you can expect or desire from me which I shall not be ready to do for the happiness and prosperity of England." Soon after her accession, Anne appointed her husband Lord High Admiral , giving him nominal control of the Royal Navy . Anne gave control of the army to Lord Marlborough, whom she appointed Captain-General . Marlborough also received numerous honours from the Queen; he
3510-525: Is provided by New York Stewart International Airport , which is located across the Hudson River in Newburgh . Dutchess County holds an annual county fair . The County Chamber of Commerce holds an annual hot air balloon launch typically in the first week of July. The main launch sites are along the Hudson River. As many as 20 balloons participate in the event. The Dutchess County Historical Society
3627-580: The Chapel Royal at St James's, her older sister, Mary , was one of her godparents, along with the Duchess of Monmouth and the Archbishop of Canterbury , Gilbert Sheldon . Anne's parents had eight children, but Anne and Mary were the only ones to survive into adulthood. As a child, Anne had an eye condition, which manifested as excessive watering known as "defluxion". For medical treatment, she
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3744-694: The Holy Roman Empire . To also give him the Spanish throne was no longer in Britain's interests, but the proposed Peace of Utrecht submitted to Parliament for ratification did not go as far as the Whigs wanted to curb Bourbon ambitions. In the House of Commons , the Tory majority was unassailable, but the same was not true in the House of Lords . The Whigs secured the support of the Earl of Nottingham against
3861-731: The Hudson River , north to Massachusetts . The 61,660 acres (249.5 km ) east of the Byram River making up the Connecticut Panhandle were granted to Connecticut, in recognition of the wishes of the residents. In exchange, Rye was granted to New York, along with a 1.81-mile (2.91 km) wide strip of land running north from Ridgefield to Massachusetts alongside the New York counties of Westchester , Putnam then Dutchess, known as " The Oblong ". The eastern half of
3978-650: The Hudson Valley Bears (2008-2009) which played hockey, and the Hudson Valley Hawks which played in the former National Professional Basketball League . Anne, Queen of Great Britain Anne (6 February 1665 – 1 August 1714) was Queen of England , Scotland , and Ireland from 8 March 1702, and Queen of Great Britain and Ireland following the ratification of the Acts of Union 1707 merging
4095-828: The Lutheran Prince George of Denmark in 1683. On Charles's death in 1685, James succeeded to the throne, but just three years later he was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Mary and William became joint monarchs. Although the sisters had been close, disagreements over Anne's finances, status, and choice of acquaintances arose shortly after Mary's accession and they became estranged. William and Mary had no children. After Mary's death in 1694, William reigned alone until his own death in 1702, when Anne succeeded him. During her reign, Anne favoured moderate Tory politicians , who were more likely to share her Anglican religious views than their opponents,
4212-461: The Test Acts , legislation that restricted public office to Anglican conformists . The existing law permitted nonconformists to take office if they took Anglican communion once a year. Anne's husband was placed in an unfortunate position when Anne forced him to vote for the bill, even though, being a Lutheran , he was an occasional conformist himself. The Whigs successfully blocked the bill for
4329-719: The War of the Spanish Succession , in which England, Austria, and the Dutch Republic fought against France and Bourbon Spain . Charles II of Spain had died childless in 1700, and the succession was disputed by two claimants: the Habsburg Archduke Charles of Austria and the Bourbon Philip, Duke of Anjou . She took a lively interest in affairs of state, and was a patron of theatre, poetry and music. She subsidised George Frideric Handel with £200
4446-466: The Whigs . The Whigs grew more powerful during the course of the War of the Spanish Succession , until 1710 when Anne dismissed many of them from office. Her close friendship with Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough , turned sour as the result of political differences. The Duchess took revenge with an unflattering description of the Queen in her memoirs, which was widely accepted by historians until Anne
4563-602: The town of Pawling ; Sylvan (143 ft (44 m)) in the town of Beekman and Beacon Reservoir , in the town of Fishkill , at 1,285 ft (392 m) respectively. Other, smaller tributaries of the Hudson such as the Saw Kill drain the northwestern portion of the county. The southeastern fringe of Dutchess is part of the upper Croton River watershed and thus part of the New York City water supply system . On
4680-453: The 44,078 people not in the 105 specifically delineated ancestry groups. There were 99,536 households, out of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.5% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. 24.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size
4797-660: The Act of Settlement by passing the Act of Security , which gave the Estates the power, if the Queen had no further children, to choose the next Scottish monarch from among the Protestant descendants of the royal line of Scotland. The individual chosen by the Estates could not be the same person who came to the English throne, unless England granted full freedom of trade to Scottish merchants. At first, Anne withheld royal assent to
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4914-589: The Admiralty . Anne appointed the moderate Earl of Pembroke , on 29 November 1708. Pressure mounted on Pembroke, Godolphin and the Queen from the dissatisfied Junto Whigs, and Pembroke resigned after less than a year in office. Another month of arguments followed before the Queen finally consented to put Orford in control of the Admiralty as First Lord in November 1709. Sarah continued to berate Anne for her friendship with Abigail and, in October 1709, Anne wrote to
5031-537: The Catholic faith, Anne burst into tears. "[T]he doctrine of the Church of Rome is wicked and dangerous", she wrote to her sister, "their ceremonies—most of them—plain downright idolatry." Anne became estranged from her father and stepmother, as James moved to weaken the Church of England's power. In early 1687, within a matter of days, Anne miscarried, her husband caught smallpox, and their two young daughters died of
5148-467: The Churchills, she refused to side with James after William landed and instead wrote to William on 18 November declaring her approval of his action. Churchill abandoned the unpopular King James on the 24th. George followed suit that night, and in the evening of the following day James issued orders to place Sarah Churchill under house arrest at St James's Palace. Anne and Sarah fled from Whitehall by
5265-572: The County Legislature is 15 Republicans and 10 Democrats for the 2024–2025 term. County elections occur in odd-numbered years. Historically, Dutchess County, like most of the lower Hudson, was classic "Yankee Republican " territory. Between 1884 and 2004, the Republican presidential candidate carried Dutchess County in 28 out of 30 elections (1964 and 1996 being exceptions). Even Hyde Park resident Franklin D. Roosevelt failed to carry
5382-549: The Crown of England and Ireland would go to Sophia, Electress of Hanover , and her Protestant descendants. Sophia was the granddaughter of James VI and I through his daughter Elizabeth , who was the sister of Anne's grandfather Charles I . Over 50 Catholics with stronger claims were excluded from the line of succession. Anne's father died in September 1701. His widow, the former queen, wrote to Anne to inform her that her father forgave her and to remind her of her promise to seek
5499-401: The Duchess of Marlborough, incessantly badgered the Queen to appoint more Whigs and reduce the power of the Tories, whom she considered little better than Jacobites, and the Queen became increasingly discontented with her. In 1706, Godolphin and the Marlboroughs forced Anne to accept Lord Sunderland, a Junto Whig and the Marlboroughs' son-in-law, as Harley's colleague as Secretary of State for
5616-464: The Duke of Marlborough asking that his wife "leave off teasing & tormenting me & behave herself with the decency she ought both to her friend and Queen". On Maundy Thursday 6 April 1710, Anne and Sarah saw each other for the last time. According to Sarah, the Queen was taciturn and formal, repeating the same phrases—"Whatever you have to say you may put in writing" and "You said you desired no answer, and I shall give you none"—over and over. As
5733-738: The English Parliament, applied in the kingdoms of England and Ireland but not Scotland, where a strong minority wished to preserve the Stuart dynasty and its right of inheritance to the throne. Anne had declared it "very necessary" to conclude a union of England and Scotland in her first speech to the English Parliament, and a joint Anglo-Scots commission met at her former residence, the Cockpit, to discuss terms in October 1702. The negotiations broke up in early February 1703 having failed to reach an agreement. The Estates of Scotland responded to
5850-642: The High Tories, who opposed British involvement in the land war against France, were removed from office. Godolphin, Marlborough, and Harley, who had replaced Nottingham as Secretary of State for the Northern Department , formed a ruling "triumvirate". They were forced to rely more and more on support from the Whigs, and particularly from the Whig Junto —Lords Somers , Halifax , Orford , Wharton and Sunderland —whom Anne disliked. Sarah,
5967-627: The Hudson River, can be reached in much of the county. Poughkeepsie Journal is published in that city. Vassar Miscellany News, associated with Vassar College, is published weekly. Also published in the county is the Beacon Free Press / Southern Dutchess News. The county is home to four hospitals. Northern Dutchess Hospital in Rhinebeck and Vassar Brothers Medical Center in Poughkeepsie are both owned by Nuvance Health . In addition, MidHudson Regional Hospital (formerly St. Francis)
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#17327809604476084-530: The Hudson River, on the western edge of the county. The Hudson Line has stops at Breakneck Ridge , Beacon , and New Hamburg (a hamlet of the town of Poughkeepsie) before the Hudson Line terminates at Poughkeepsie . The tracks continue north of that point as Amtrak, with Poughkeepsie and Rhinecliff (a small hamlet in the Town of Rhinebeck ) being stops along Amtrak's Empire Service . The Harlem Line , on
6201-506: The Hudson at New Hamburg , is the longest stream in the county. Its 211-square-mile (550 km ) watershed is likewise the largest in the county. To its south is the 193-square-mile (500 km ) watershed of Dutchess County's second-longest stream, 33.5 mi (53.9 km) Fishkill Creek , part of which spills over into Putnam County. Within that watershed are the county's third-longest stream, Sprout Creek , and its largest, deepest and highest lakes: Whaley (252 acres (102 ha)), in
6318-399: The Marlboroughs insisted that the Queen had to either dismiss Harley or do without their services. When the Queen seemed to hesitate, Marlborough and Godolphin refused to attend a cabinet meeting. Harley attempted to lead business without his former colleagues, and several of those present including Charles Seymour, Duke of Somerset refused to participate until they returned. Her hand forced,
6435-586: The Queen dismissed Harley. The following month, Anne's Catholic half-brother, James Francis Edward Stuart , attempted to land in Scotland with French assistance in an attempt to establish himself as king. Anne withheld royal assent from the Scottish Militia Bill 1708 in case the militia raised in Scotland was disloyal and sided with the Jacobites. She was the last British sovereign to veto
6552-404: The Southern Department . Although this strengthened the ministry's position in Parliament, it weakened the ministry's position with the Queen, as Anne became increasingly irritated with Godolphin and with her former favourite, the Duchess of Marlborough, for supporting Sunderland and other Whig candidates for vacant government and church positions. The Queen turned for private advice to Harley, who
6669-420: The Whigs, Harley and his ministry were ready to compromise by giving Spain to the Bourbon claimant, Philip of Anjou, in return for commercial concessions. In the parliamentary elections that soon followed his appointment, Harley, aided by government patronage, secured a large Tory majority. In January 1711, Anne forced Sarah to resign her court offices, and Abigail took over as Keeper of the Privy Purse. Harley
6786-419: The act, but she granted it the following year when the Estates threatened to withhold supply, endangering Scottish support for England's wars. In its turn, the English Parliament responded with the Alien Act 1705 , which threatened to impose economic sanctions and declare Scottish subjects aliens in England, unless Scotland either repealed the Act of Security or moved to unite with England. The Estates chose
6903-417: The child be true or false. It may be it is our brother, but God only knows ... one cannot help having a thousand fears and melancholy thoughts, but whatever changes may happen you shall ever find me firm to my religion and faithfully yours." To dispel rumours of a supposititious child, James had 40 witnesses to the birth attend a Privy Council meeting, but Anne claimed she could not attend because she
7020-408: The cities of Albany and New York City. It contains two cities: Beacon and Poughkeepsie . Depending on precise location within the county, road travel distance to New York City ranges between 58 and 110 miles (93 and 177 km). The terrain of the county is mostly hilly, especially in the Hudson Highlands in the southwestern corner and the Taconic Mountains to the northeast. Some areas nearer
7137-501: The consternation of the English people, James began to give Catholics military and administrative offices, in contravention of the Test Acts that were designed to prevent such appointments. Anne shared the general concern, and continued to attend Anglican services. As her sister Mary lived in the Netherlands, Anne and her family were the only members of the royal family attending Protestant religious services in England. When her father tried to get Anne to baptise her youngest daughter into
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#17327809604477254-403: The county during his four campaigns. The Republican edge narrowed significantly in the 1990s, with George H. W. Bush going from 61 percent of the county's vote in 1988 to only 40.5 percent in 1992, although that likely was affected by the presence of Ross Perot on the ballot as a third-party candidate. In 2008, Barack Obama became only the third Democrat to carry the county since 1884, and
7371-508: The county is patrolled by the Dutchess County Sheriff's Office and New York State Police . The New York State Police Troop K headquarters is located in Millbrook. N.B.: Cities, Towns and Villages are official political designations. Three spans cross the Hudson River, linking Dutchess with Orange , Ulster , and Greene Counties : The Metro-North railroad provides a critical link to New York City for Dutchess County's commuting population. The Hudson Line and Amtrak run concurrently along
7488-409: The duration of the parliamentary session. Anne reinstituted the traditional religious practice of touching for the king's evil that had been eschewed by William as papist superstition. After the Great Storm of 1703 , Anne declared a general fast to implore God "to pardon the crying sins of this nation which had drawn down this sad judgement". The Occasional Conformity Bill was revived in the wake of
7605-530: The east, in the Oblong, streams drain into the Housatonic River in adjacent Connecticut. A border nearly one-half mile (800 m) long exists with Berkshire County, Massachusetts , in the extreme northern end of the county. As of the census of 2000, there were 280,150 people, 99,536 households, and 69,177 families residing in the county. The population density was 350 inhabitants per square mile (140/km ). There were 106,103 housing units at an average density of 132 units per square mile (51/km ). 22.0% of
7722-410: The eastern side of the county, has station stops in Pawling , along the Appalachian Trail , Wingdale , Dover Plains , and two stops in Wassaic (one along the Tenmile River and the other the namesake terminus of that line ). Public transportation in Dutchess County is handled by Dutchess County Public Transit , commonly called "the LOOP." Outside of the urbanized area of the county, most service
7839-469: The expensive War of the Spanish Succession grew unpopular, so did the Whig administration. The impeachment of Henry Sacheverell , a high church Tory Anglican who had preached anti-Whig sermons, led to further public discontent. Anne thought Sacheverell ought to be punished for questioning the Glorious Revolution, but that his punishment should only be a mild one to prevent further public commotion. In London, riots broke out in support of Sacheverell, but
7956-452: The first time since James's accession. In letters to her sister Mary, Anne raised suspicions that the Queen was faking her pregnancy in an attempt to introduce a false heir. She wrote, "they will stick at nothing, be it never so wicked, if it will promote their interest ... there may be foul play intended." Anne had another miscarriage in April 1688, and left London to recuperate in the spa town of Bath . Anne's stepmother gave birth to
8073-789: The first to win a majority since Lyndon Johnson in 1964. It has gone for the Democratic candidate in four consecutive elections (2008, 2012, 2016, and 2020 ). Dutchess County is split between two congressional districts. The most southern portion is in the 17th district , represented by Republican Mike Lawler . The rest of the county is in the 18th district , represented by Democrat Pat Ryan . These are considered "swing" districts nationally, with Cook Partisan Voting Index ratings of D+3 and D+1, respectively, as of 2022. The Cities of Beacon and Poughkeepsie; Towns of Fishkill, Hyde Park, Pine Plains, Poughkeepsie, Rhinebeck, Red Hook, and East Fishkill; and Villages of Millerton, Wappingers Falls, Millbrook, have their own Police departments . The remainder of
8190-406: The gossip, he was temporarily dismissed from court. With George of Hanover out of contention as a suitor for Anne, King Charles looked elsewhere for an eligible prince who would be welcomed as a groom by his Protestant subjects but also acceptable to his Catholic ally Louis XIV of France . The Danes were Protestant allies of the French, and Louis XIV was keen on an Anglo-Danish alliance to contain
8307-431: The influence of his other son-in-law, William of Orange, who was naturally unhappy at the match. Bishop Compton officiated at Anne and George's wedding on 28 July 1683 in the Chapel Royal at St James's Palace. Although it was an arranged marriage, they were faithful and devoted partners. They were given a set of buildings, known as the Cockpit , in the Palace of Whitehall as their London residence, and Sarah Churchill
8424-626: The instructions of Charles II, they were raised as Protestants, despite their father being a Catholic. Placed in the care of Colonel Edward and Lady Frances Villiers , their education was focused on the teachings of the Anglican church. Henry Compton , Bishop of London , was appointed as Anne's preceptor . Around 1671, Anne first made the acquaintance of Sarah Jennings , who later became her close friend and one of her most influential advisors. Jennings married John Churchill (the future Duke of Marlborough) in about 1678. His sister, Arabella ,
8541-507: The kingdoms of Scotland and England , until her death in 1714. Anne was born during the reign of her uncle King Charles II . Her father was Charles's younger brother and heir presumptive , James , whose suspected Roman Catholicism was unpopular in England. On Charles's instructions, Anne and her elder sister Mary were raised as Anglicans . Mary married their Dutch Protestant cousin, William III of Orange , in 1677, and Anne married
8658-509: The larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area . Before Anglo- Dutch settlement, what is today Dutchess County was a leading center for the indigenous Wappinger peoples. They had their council-fire at what is now Fishkill Hook , and had settlements throughout the area. On November 1, 1683, the Province of New York established its first twelve counties, including Dutchess. Its boundaries at that time included
8775-545: The latter option; the English Parliament agreed to repeal the Alien Act, and new commissioners were appointed by Queen Anne in early 1706 to negotiate the terms of a union. The articles of union approved by the commissioners were presented to Anne on 23 July 1706 and ratified by the Scottish and English Parliaments on 16 January and 6 March 1707, respectively. Under the Acts of Union , England and Scotland were united into
8892-471: The loss of her husband, they forced her to accept the Junto leaders Lords Somers and Wharton into the cabinet. Anne, however, insisted on carrying out the duties of Lord High Admiral herself, without appointing a member of the government to take George's place. Undeterred, the Junto demanded the appointment of the Earl of Orford, another member of the Junto and one of the prince's leading critics, as First Lord of
9009-418: The meanest of her subjects. Her face, which was red and spotted, was rendered something frightful by her negligent dress, and the foot affected was tied up with a poultice and some nasty bandages. I was much affected by this sight ... Anne's sole surviving child, the Duke of Gloucester, died at age 11 on 30 July 1700. She and her husband were "overwhelmed with grief". Anne ordered her household to observe
9126-551: The next ten years, Mary of Modena had ten children, but all were either stillborn or died in infancy, leaving Mary and Anne second and third in the line of succession after their father. There is every indication that, throughout Anne's early life, she and her stepmother got on well together, and James was a conscientious and loving father. In November 1677, Anne's sister, Mary, married their Dutch first cousin William III of Orange at St James's Palace, but Anne could not attend
9243-399: The only troops available to quell the disturbances were Anne's guards, and Secretary of State Sunderland was reluctant to use them and leave the Queen less protected. Anne declared God would be her guard and ordered Sunderland to redeploy her troops. In line with Anne's views, Sacheverell was convicted, but his sentence—suspension of preaching for three years—was so light as to render the trial
9360-433: The onset of her symptoms roughly coincided with her penultimate pregnancy. Other suggested causes of her failed pregnancies are listeriosis , diabetes , intrauterine growth retardation , and rhesus incompatibility . Rhesus incompatibility, however, generally worsens with successive pregnancies, and so does not fit the pattern of Anne's pregnancies, as her only son to survive infancy, Prince William, Duke of Gloucester ,
9477-561: The original county, with three - Rombouts , the Great Nine Partners , and Philipse Patents - extending significantly inland. The eleventh, and smallest, Cuyler, 1697, was the first to contain solely inland territory, just in from the Hudson. The twelfth, and next smallest, Fauconnier, in 1705, completed the Hudson River shoreline. The last two, Beekman , 1705, and the Little Nine Partners , 1706, laid claim to
9594-479: The population was of Italian, 16.9% Irish, 11.3% German and 6.7% English ancestry according to Census 2000 . 88.3% spoke English and 4.8% spoke Spanish. Based on the Census Ancestry tallies, including people who listed more than one ancestry, Italians were the largest group in Dutchess County with 60,645. Irish came in a very close second at 59,991. In third place were the 44,915 Germans who barely exceeded
9711-557: The power of the Dutch. A marriage treaty between Anne and Prince George of Denmark , younger brother of King Christian V , was negotiated by Anne's uncle Laurence Hyde, who had been made Earl of Rochester, and the English Secretary of State for the Northern Department , Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland . Anne and George were second cousins once removed. Anne's father consented to the marriage eagerly because it diminished
9828-475: The present Putnam County , and a small portion of the present Columbia County (the towns of Clermont and Germantown). The county was named for Mary of Modena , Duchess of York ; dutchess is an archaic spelling of the word duchess . The Province of New York and the Connecticut Colony negotiated an agreement on November 28, 1683, establishing their border as 20 miles (32 km) east of
9945-561: The remaining interior lands. From 1683 to 1715, most of the settlers in Dutchess County were Dutch. Many of these moved in from Albany and Ulster counties. They settled along the Fishkill Creek and in the areas that are now Poughkeepsie and Rhinebeck . From 1715 to 1730, most of the new settlers in Dutchess county were Germans. From 1730 until 1775, New Englanders were the primary new settlers in Dutchess County. Coles Mills
10062-432: The restoration of his line, but Anne had already acquiesced to the line of succession created by the Act of Settlement. Anne became queen upon the death of King William III on 8 March 1702, and was immediately popular. In her first speech to the English Parliament, on 11 March, she distanced herself from her late Dutch brother-in-law and said, "As I know my heart to be entirely English, I can very sincerely assure you there
10179-636: The river are flatter. The highest point in the county is the summit of Brace Mountain , in the Taconics, at 2,311 feet (704 m) above sea level. The lowest point is sea level, along the Hudson River. The highest point of neighboring Fairfield County, Connecticut, is a 1,290-foot (390 m) point along the state line in Pawling. Wappinger Creek , at 41.7 mi (67.1 km) from its source at Thompson Pond in Pine Plains to where it drains into
10296-426: The same infection. Lady Rachel Russell wrote that George and Anne had "taken [the deaths] very heavily ... Sometimes they wept, sometimes they mourned in words; then sat silent, hand in hand; he sick in bed, and she the carefullest nurse to him that can be imagined." Later that year, she suffered another stillbirth. Public alarm at James's Catholicism increased when his wife, Mary of Modena, became pregnant for
10413-539: The southwestern part (from Poughkeepsie southward and from the Taconic State Parkway westward) of the county has developed into a largely residential area, suburban in character, with many of its residents commuting to jobs in New York City and Westchester County. The northern and eastern regions of the county remain rural with large farmlands but at the same time developed residences used during
10530-485: The storm, but Anne withheld support, fearing its reintroduction was a ruse to cause a political quarrel. Once again it failed. A third attempt to introduce the bill as an amendment to a money bill in November 1704 was also thwarted. The Whigs vigorously supported the War of the Spanish Succession and became even more influential after the Duke of Marlborough won a great victory at the Battle of Blenheim in 1704. Many of
10647-475: The stub of land in northeast Dutchess County containing Rudd Pond and Taconic State Park is the northernmost extension of The Oblong. Until 1713, Dutchess was administered by Ulster County . On October 23, 1713, Queen Anne gave permission for Dutchess County to elect its own officers from among their own population, including a supervisor, tax collector, tax assessor and treasurer. In 2013, Dutchess County celebrated its 300th anniversary of democracy based upon
10764-520: The summer and or on weekends by people living in the New York City urban area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 825 square miles (2,140 km ), of which 796 square miles (2,060 km ) is land and 30 square miles (78 km ) (3.6%) is water. Dutchess County is located in southeastern New York State, between the Hudson River on its west and the New York – Connecticut border on its east, about halfway between
10881-505: The superintendent of the district in 2023. Bond elections were held in 2022, with $ 21,920,000 for renovations of school buildings was approved on a 647-438 basis, while a $ 5,240,000 proposal for upgrades of other facilities was declined on a 647-431 basis. In 2023, the budget was approved by voters, who also approved purchases of three buses. This United States school-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Dutchess County, New York Dutchess County
10998-412: The thrones of England and Ireland were therefore vacant. The Parliament or Estates of Scotland took similar action, and William and Mary were declared monarchs of all three realms. The Bill of Rights 1689 and Claim of Right Act 1689 settled the succession. Anne and her descendants were to be in the line of succession after William and Mary, and they were to be followed by any descendants of William by
11115-473: The treaty by promising to support his Occasional Conformity bill . Seeing a need for decisive action to erase the anti-peace majority in the House of Lords, and seeing no alternative, Anne reluctantly created twelve new peers , even though such a mass creation of peers was unprecedented. Abigail's husband, Samuel Masham , was made a baron, although Anne protested to Harley that she "never had any design to make
11232-433: The use of Richmond Palace and a parliamentary allowance. William and Mary refused the first, and unsuccessfully opposed the latter, both of which caused tension between the two sisters. Anne's resentment grew worse when William refused to allow George to serve in the military in an active capacity. The new king and queen feared that Anne's financial independence would weaken their influence over her and allow her to organise
11349-619: The wake of anti-Catholic hysteria fed by the Popish Plot , and Anne visited them from the end of August. In October, all three returned to Britain: Anne to England, and her father and stepmother to Scotland. She joined them at Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh from July 1681 until May 1682. It was her last journey outside England. Anne's second cousin George of Hanover visited London for three months from December 1680, sparking rumours of
11466-571: The wedding because she was confined to her room with smallpox . By the time she recovered, Mary had already left for her new life in the Netherlands. Lady Frances Villiers contracted the disease and died. Anne's aunt Lady Henrietta Hyde (the wife of Laurence Hyde ) was appointed as her new governess. A year later, Anne and her stepmother visited Mary in Holland for two weeks. The Duke and Duchess of York retired to Brussels in March 1679 in
11583-519: Was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.16. As of Q4 2021, the median home value in Dutchess County was $ 365,199, an increase of 13.8% from the prior year. In the county, the age distribution of the population shows 25.1% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.2 males. The median income for
11700-431: Was a woman of strong traditional beliefs who was devoted to her husband. At a thanksgiving service for a victory at the Battle of Oudenarde , Anne did not wear the jewels that Sarah had selected for her. At the door of St Paul's Cathedral, they had an argument that culminated in Sarah offending the Queen by telling her to be quiet. Anne was dismayed. When Sarah forwarded an unrelated letter from her husband to Anne, with
11817-449: Was appointed one of Anne's ladies of the bedchamber . Within months of the marriage, Anne was pregnant, but the baby was stillborn in May. Anne recovered at the spa town of Tunbridge Wells , and over the next two years, gave birth to two daughters in quick succession: Mary and Anne Sophia. When Charles II died in 1685, Anne's father became King James II of England and VII of Scotland. To
11934-451: Was at once visited by William. James fled to France on the 23rd. Anne showed no concern at the news of her father's flight, and instead merely asked for her usual game of cards. She justified herself by saying that she "was used to play and never loved to do anything that looked like an affected constraint". In January 1689, a Convention Parliament assembled in England and declared that James had effectively abdicated when he fled, and that
12051-424: Was born after a series of stillbirths. Experts also believe syphilis , porphyria and pelvic deformation to be unlikely as the symptoms are incompatible with her medical history. Anne's gout rendered her lame for much of her later life. Around the court, she was carried in a sedan chair , or used a wheelchair. Around her estates, she used a one-horse chaise , which she drove herself "furiously like Jehu and
12168-446: Was born at 11:39 p.m. on 6 February 1665 at St James's Palace , London, the fourth child and second daughter of the Duke of York (later King James II and VII ), and his first wife, Anne Hyde . Her father was the younger brother of King Charles II , who ruled the three kingdoms of England , Scotland and Ireland , and her mother was the daughter of Lord Chancellor Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon . At her Anglican baptism in
12285-652: Was created a Knight of the Garter and was elevated to the rank of duke. The Duchess of Marlborough was appointed Groom of the Stool , Mistress of the Robes , and Keeper of the Privy Purse . Anne was crowned on St George's Day , 23 April 1702. Affected by gout, she was carried to Westminster Abbey in an open sedan chair, with a low back to permit her train to flow out behind her. On 4 May, England became embroiled in
12402-401: Was due to the separation of Putnam County from Dutchess in 1812. As of 2017, the residents of Dutchess County were reported as the following: American Indian and Alaska Native (0.04%), Asian (4%), Black or African American (8.5%), Hispanic or Latino (12.5%), Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (0.016%), Some Other Race (0.35%), Two or More Races (3%), White (71%). Dutchess County has
12519-508: Was formed in 1914 and is active in the preservation of a large collection at the 18th century Clinton House . The Society has published a yearbook since 1914 and presents up to four awards of merit in the field of Dutchess County history each year. Dutchess County has no locally based television stations. Its only news radio format station is WKIP (AM) of Poughkeepsie. WRHV is an NPR affiliated broadcasting out of Poughkeepsie. The country music format station, WRWB-FM , broadcasting across
12636-544: Was headed by Lord Treasurer Lord Godolphin and Anne's favourite the Duke of Marlborough , who were considered moderate Tories, along with the Speaker of the House of Commons , Robert Harley . Anne supported the Occasional Conformity Bill of 1702, which was promoted by the Tories and opposed by the Whigs. The bill aimed to disqualify Protestant Dissenters from public office by closing a loophole in
12753-620: Was marked by the further development of a two-party system. In general, the Tories were supportive of the Anglican church and favoured the landed interest of the country gentry, while the Whigs were aligned with commercial interests and Protestant Dissenters . As a committed Anglican, Anne was inclined to favour the Tories. Her first ministry was predominantly Tory, and contained such High Tories as Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham , and her uncle Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester . It
12870-597: Was natural "to avoid seeing of papers or anything that belonged to one that one loved when they were just dead". The Whigs used George's death to their own advantage. The leadership of the Admiralty was unpopular among the Whig leaders, who had blamed Prince George and his deputy George Churchill (who was Marlborough's brother) for mismanagement of the navy. With Whigs now dominant in Parliament, and Anne distraught at
12987-405: Was pregnant (which she was not) and then declined to read the depositions because it was "not necessary". William of Orange invaded England on 5 November 1688 in an action known as the Glorious Revolution , which ultimately deposed King James. Forbidden by James to pay Mary a projected visit in the spring of 1687, Anne corresponded with her and was aware of the plans to invade. On the advice of
13104-412: Was reassessed in the late 20th century. Anne was plagued by poor health throughout her life, and from her thirties she grew increasingly ill and obese. Despite 17 pregnancies, she died without surviving issue and was the last monarch of the House of Stuart . Under the Act of Settlement 1701 , which excluded all Catholics, she was succeeded by her second cousin George I of the House of Hanover . Anne
13221-615: Was sent to France, where she lived with her paternal grandmother, Henrietta Maria of France , at the Château de Colombes near Paris. Following her grandmother's death in 1669, Anne lived with an aunt, Henrietta Anne, Duchess of Orléans . On the sudden death of her aunt in 1670, Anne returned to England. Her mother died the following year. As was traditional in the royal family, Anne and her sister were brought up separated from their father in their own establishment at Richmond in Surrey. On
13338-722: Was settled by Elisha Cole from Cape Cod in 1747 at the outlet of Barrett Pond into the West Branch of the Croton River . Franklin D. Roosevelt lived in his family home in Hyde Park , overlooking the Hudson River. His family's home is now the Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site , managed by the National Park Service . Prior to the 1960s, Dutchess County was primarily agricultural. Since then
13455-568: Was stabbed by a disgruntled French refugee, the Marquis de Guiscard , in March, and Anne wept at the thought he would die. He recovered slowly. Godolphin's death from natural causes in September 1712 reduced Anne to tears; she blamed their estrangement on the Marlboroughs. The elder brother of Archduke Charles, Emperor Joseph I , died in April 1711 and Charles succeeded him in Austria, Hungary and
13572-444: Was the Duke of York's mistress, and he was to be Anne's most important general. In 1673, James's conversion to Catholicism became public, and he married a Catholic princess, Mary of Modena , who was only six and a half years older than Anne. Charles II had no legitimate children, and so James was next in the line of succession, followed by his two surviving daughters from his first marriage, Mary and Anne—as long as he had no son. Over
13689-443: Was uncomfortable with Marlborough and Godolphin's turn towards the Whigs. She also turned to Abigail Hill , a woman of the bedchamber whose influence grew as Anne's relationship with Sarah deteriorated. Abigail was related to both Harley and the Duchess, but was politically closer to Harley, and acted as an intermediary between him and the Queen. The division within the ministry came to a head on 8 February 1708, when Godolphin and
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