Misplaced Pages

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34-584: The DPMA is the central authority in the field of intellectual property protection in Germany. Its responsibilities include the granting of patents for the registration of industrial designs, trademarks and designs, as well as for informing the public about existing industrial property rights. Recognised partner of the DPMA is the Patentinformationszentrum (Patent Information Centre), united in

68-409: A European patent's "bundle" of national patents. In 2006, the leaders in terms of numbers of patents at the DPMA were Siemens , with 2501 patents, Bosch , with 2202 patents, DaimlerChrysler with 1626 patents. In 1984, the DPMA opened an "inventor's gallery", as "an incentive for all innovative forces to express themselves more, and a signal to the insurance companies to promote them long term." It

102-466: A German citizen. As one author stated, “Jewish commercial firms and the associated property, as well as wholesale operations and industry that are Jewish because of the degree to which they are under Jewish ownership, can be de-Jewdified [sic]. Important patents and commercial secrets must be transferred to non-Jewish control.” The Reich Patent Office came under Nazi political party pressure as well. One of Adolf Hitler ’s chauffeurs, Anton Loibl , invented

136-742: Is also competent to hear cases regarding unitary patents. The German patent litigation system is one of the few patent systems in which the issue of patent infringement and of patent validity are dealt with by different courts. The district courts, such as the Düsseldorf Regional Court , the Munich Regional Court , and the Mannheim Regional Court , deal with infringement, whereas the Federal Patent Court ( Bundespatentgericht )

170-424: Is equipped with 12 miles of new metal shelves which provide space for about 500,000 volumes.” Other attempts to preserve German patents was the re-registration of the patents in other countries. In 1945, it was noted that: “Patents Transferred. That Germany is preparing in other ways to salve what she can is indicated by reports that the flight of capital on a large scale is taking place from Germany to Sweden through

204-501: Is in charge of deciding the validity of patents. Such a system is sometimes dubbed a "bifurcation system." This article about German law is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Heringen Heringen (Werra) is a small town in Hersfeld-Rotenburg district in eastern Hesse , Germany lying right at the boundary with Thuringia . The nearest major towns and cities are Bad Hersfeld (28 km to

238-647: Is mainly governed by the Patents Act ( German : Patentgesetz ) and the European Patent Convention (EPC). A patent covering Germany can be obtained through four different routes: through the direct filing of a national patent application with the German Patent and Trade Mark Office ( German : Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt ) (direct national route), through the filing of a European patent application ( EPO route), or through

272-629: The Deutscher Patentinformationszentren e.V (German Patent Information Centres Association). The legal basis of the German Patent and Trademark Office is § 26 of the Patentgesetz (German Patents Act). The first unified Patentgesetz (German Patent Act) was adopted on 25 May 1877, which mandated the establishment of an authority tasked with reviewing and awarding patents. On this basis, on 1 July 1877,

306-619: The Kaiserliche Patentamt (Imperial Patent Office) was founded in Berlin. The Chairman of the newly established office was Karl Rudolf Jacobi . The first German patent was granted on 1 July 1877 for a "method for producing a red ultramarine colour", invented by Johannes Zeltner . The first trademark registration was on 16 October 1894 for a Berlin lamp producer. In 1905, the Patent Office moved into premises designed by

340-738: The Siemens and A.E.G. Combines. The patents, of course, represent substantial assets." After the Second World War , the patent office property was seized by the Allied Control Council , including patents, trademarks, and emblems, under Articles II and X of the Allied Control Council Law No. 5, 30 October 1945. Article II of this Act on 31 August 1951 set aside all Allied Control Council Law but in fact this occurred only on 12 September 1990 with

374-661: The Trademark records were moved to another building in Berlin where they were lost also by fire. Some of the technical personnel remained at the Patent Office in Berlin , some went to Heringen and others were scattered throughout Germany . The Patent Office building in Berlin was about one-third destroyed by a heavy bombing attack on 5 February 1945. US and British representatives reached Heringen in May 1945 and found some 50 former patent employees at work restoring and re-classifying

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408-787: The "Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany". Until 1951 the seized patents were used by the Allies technologically and economically. On 1 October 1949, the Deutsches Patentamt (German Patent Office) moved to premises in the Deutsches Museum in Munich . In 1951 a branch office was opening in the old Reichspatentamt in Berlin. 1959, the Patent Office moved into its own building in Munich. In 1990,

442-715: The Jews out of the German Patent Offices, with only a few exceptions for those who had served at the front during World War I or who had lost a parent or son in fighting. “Law Relating to the Admission to the Profession of Patent-agent and Lawyer of 22 April 1933. The Government of the Reich has resolved the following law which is promulgated herewith: Section 1. Patent-agents which are of non-Aryan descent pursuant to

476-564: The Office for Amt für Erfindungs- und Patentwesen der DDR (Inventions and Patent Office of the GDR ) merged with the Patent Office. In 1998, an office in Jena was built and the bulk of the Berlin office moved there. The Office has thus now has three locations, Munich, Jena and Berlin. In the same year was a renaming of Deutsche Patentamt to Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt (DPMA), in order to take

510-515: The SS as a business partner. His patent application was buried. Loibl’s sailed through, and in 1938 Heinrich Himmler used his supreme authority as head of the German police to pass a new traffic law. This required all German bicycles to be equipped with Loibl’s reflective pedal… in 1938 alone, the SS received a tidy 77,740 reichsmarks from the bicycle pedal proceeds.” In the last months of the war, many of

544-595: The architects Solf and Wichards on the corner of Gitschiner Straße and Lindenstraße in Kreuzberg , with a characteristic 243-metre front on the elevated highway. In 1919, the Patent Office was renamed the Reichspatentamt (State Patent Office). The Nazi anti-Semitic and anti-foreigner laws strangled scientific output and patent applications. Almost as soon as they came into power, the Nazis moved to throw

578-523: The coat of arms in 2003, as potash had been being mined here for a hundred years. The old arms are shown at right. In 2007, partnership documents were signed with the following towns: It was in Heringen that the groundbreaking invention of the electrostatic salt separation facility ( elektrostatische Salz-Trennungsanlage , or ESTA) was first realized and further developed. After former mining director Prof. Dr.-Ing. Arno Singewald's research and inventions,

612-624: The community got its first industrial jobs. Later, the Neu-Heringen and Herfa-Neurode potash mines were built. The mine is today the world's biggest potash-mining area and has an area about the same as Greater Munich's. At the end of World War II, the libraries of the German Army's Military Geology Unit ( Wehrgeologenstellen ) and the German Patent Office ( Reichspatentamt ) were removed from Berlin and secretly stored in

646-490: The community in 1526, and in 1977 came town rights to what was then a greater community (formed out of several smaller former communities). There are also successor buildings of the knightly estate of Vultejus. Between 1968 and 1972 the above-named centres were amalgamated into a greater community, which was granted town rights in 1977 by the Hesse Land government. The municipal election held on 26 March 2006 yielded

680-819: The deep Wintershall potash mine in Heringen. There they were discovered by the US Third Army in March 1945, and removed to the US. The German Patent Library was later restored to Germany, but the military geology materials of maps, reports and books, often stolen from other countries during the invasions, were retained by the US as Nazi materiel . Most of these maps and books remain in the US Geological Survey Library today, with an obscure United States Army Corps of Engineers stamp on each that reads "Heringen Collection". Market rights were granted

714-698: The filing of an international application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty followed by the entry into either the European phase (the so-called "Euro-PCT" route, which runs through EPO) or the national (German) phase of said international application. The German patent has a term of 20 years. After grant of a patent through the EPO or the Euro-PCT route a European patent is valid in Germany without further translation requirements if that country

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748-561: The following results: The town's executive ( Magistrat ) is made up of six councillors, with two seats allotted to the SPD, two to the CDU and 2 to the WGH. Manfred Wenk is the first ever WGH councillor. Mayor Daniel Iliev was elected in 2016 and 2022. The town's arms might be described thus: Azure a bend wavy sinister argent between a sledgehammer and a cross-peen hammer per saltire, and three fish of

782-454: The idea of attaching small pieces of glass to the pedals of bicycles, that would reflect the lights of approaching cars. In 1936, word of this invention came to the SS , and they decided to form a partnership with Loibl to market his idea. However, the idea was not all that novel, and a similar safety device had already been applied for as a patent. “But this competitor lacked something very important-

816-545: The importance of brands as a working area of the office into account. Originally appeals against decisions of the Office were conducted by the internally, however, since 1961 this is done in the Bundespatentgericht (Federal Patent Court). Since 1978 and the entry into force of the European Patent Convention , the European Patent Office also issues patents effective in Germany, as part of

850-458: The last. The bend wavy sinister, that is, slanted wavy stripe beginning on the sinister (armsbearer's left, viewer's right) side and stretching down across the escutcheon , stands for the river Werra. The three fish come from the arms formerly borne by the Lords of Heringen ( Hering is German for “herring”). The mining tools are, of course, a traditional miner's symbol. This charge was added to

884-608: The law relating to the reestablishment of the Professional Civil Service of 7 April 1933 may be taken off the roster of patent-agents kept by the Reich Patent Office up to 30 September 1933…” In 1938, the “ Aryanization ” of patents was mandated, in that new patents could only be proposed and submitted if sponsored by an Aryan and German citizens, and not by dissidents, foreigners or Jews . Existing patents held by Jews must also be turned over to

918-408: The north, these are Wildeck , Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Berka/Werra , Philippsthal (Werra) und Friedewald . Heringen's Stadtteile , besides the main centre, also called Heringen, are Bengendorf, Herfa, Kleinensee, Leimbach, Lengers, Widdershausen and Wölfershausen. In 1153, Heringen had its first documentary mention. The Fulda Abbey enfeoffed the nobleman Heinrich von Heringen about 1170 with

952-471: The patent indexes and examination material. The library and the register of secret patents were located in a potash mine in Heringen . However, the files of the secret applications and patents had been burned upon orders of the German government shortly before the arrival of the US troops… The technical library has been moved from the potash mine in Heringen and is again available to the public. The library

986-700: The place. The Heringen court comprised in the early 15th century not only the current town area but also the Thuringian centres of Vitzeroda, Gasteroda and Abteroda, all of which now belong to the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Berka/Werra . In 1432, Margarethe von Heringen sold the court to the Landgraves of Hesse , thereby binding Heringen to Hesse. With the opening of the Wintershall potash works, which began mining in 1903,

1020-617: The technical records of the German Patent Office were widely dispersed throughout Germany to preserve them from the Allied firebombing of Berlin . “One set of copies of the pending 180,000 patent applications were taken into eastern Germany where they were later lost by fire. The technical library of 300,000 volumes and the records of the secret patents were moved to Heringen , near Kassel , and 3,000 valuable reference books were sent through Czechoslovakia to Bavaria . Part of

1054-506: The transfer of German patents. The Swedish Patent Office is said to be inundated with registrations of patents on behalf of German individuals, commercial corporations and research organizations. Last year, it is said, 60 per cent of the record total of 10,000 patent registrations were German and the proportion has increased this year. Among those who registered were I.G. Farben , the Steyr-Daimler-Benz automobile manufacturers,

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1088-742: The west), Eisenach (30 km to the northeast) and Kassel (80 km to the north). The town lies on the river Werra , surrounded by outliers of the Thuringian Forest , the Seulingswald and the Anterior Rhön , all mountain or hill ranges. The lowest point in town is found on the Werra floodplain at 210 m above sea level . The highest point within town limits is the Lehnberg at 471 m above sea level. Clockwise from

1122-441: Was enlarged in 1987 and again in 1999 and now covers 17 German inventors: Béla Barényi , Gerd Binnig , Ludwig Bölkow , Walter Bruch , Jürgen Dethloff , Artur Fischer , Rudolf Hell , Heinz Lindenmeier , Hermann Oberth , Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain , Oskar-Erich Peter , Hans-Jürgen Quadbeck-Seeger , Ernst Ruska , Hans Sauer , Felix Wankel , Ernst-Ludwig Winnacker , Konrad Zuse Patentgesetz German patent law

1156-494: Was indicated in the application. If unitary effect is requested upon grant of a European patent, that unitary patent also applies in Germany. For German patents granted through the direct route and European patents (except unitary patents) the German courts are competent to hear cases. For European patents that were not opted out , this competence is shared with the Unified Patent Court . The Unified Patent Court

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