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95-468: A shader written in RSL can be used without changes on any RenderMan-compliant renderer, such as Pixar's PhotoRealistic RenderMan , DNA Research's 3Delight , Sitexgraphics' Air or an open source solution such as Pixie or Aqsis . RenderMan Shading Language defines standalone functions and five types of shaders: surface, light, volume, imager and displacement shaders. An example of a surface shader that defines

190-418: A 2022 musical presentation of the film on ABC as part of The Wonderful World of Disney . An enchantress disguised as an old beggar woman arrives at a castle and offers a cruel and selfish prince an enchanted rose in exchange for shelter from a storm. When he scornfully declines, she reveals her true form and transforms him into a beast and his servants into household objects. For the curse to be broken,

285-585: A ball for the kingdom. Following the widespread critical and commercial success of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs in 1937, Walt Disney sought out other stories to adapt into feature films, with Beauty and the Beast being among the stories he considered. Attempts to develop the Beauty and the Beast story into a film were made in the 1930s and 1950s, but were ultimately given up because it "proved to be

380-419: A beast his soul, we will be forever grateful. Howard Ashman 1950–1991". A pop version of the "Beauty and the Beast" theme, performed by Céline Dion and Peabo Bryson over the end credits, was released as a commercial single from the film's soundtrack , supported with a music video. The Dion/Bryson version of "Beauty and the Beast" became an international pop hit and performed considerably well on charts around

475-539: A challenge" for the story team. Peter M. Nichols states Disney may later have been discouraged by Jean Cocteau having already done his 1946 version . Decades later, as Who Framed Roger Rabbit was nearing completion in 1987, the Disney studio resurrected Beauty and the Beast as a project for the satellite animation studio it had set up in London, England to work on Roger Rabbit . Richard Williams , who had directed

570-446: A computer-generated ballroom as the camera dollies around them in simulated 3D space. The filmmakers had originally decided against the use of computers in favor of traditional animation, but later, when the technology had improved, decided it could be used for the one scene in the ballroom. Before that, CGI environments had first been printed out as wireframe, but this was the first time Disney made use of 3D rendering. The success of

665-425: A metal surface is: Shaders express their work by reading and writing special variables such as Cs (surface color), N (normal at given point), and Ci (final surface color). The arguments to the shaders are global parameters that are attached to objects of the model (so one metal shader can be used for different metals and so on). Shaders have no return values, but functions can be defined which take arguments and return

760-532: A million copies worldwide. This version of the song was also nominated for Record of the Year , Song of the Year , and Best Pop Duo/Group Vocal Performance at the 35th Annual Grammy Awards , winning the latter. In a first-time accomplishment for The Walt Disney Company , an unfinished version of Beauty and the Beast was shown at the New York Film Festival on September 29, 1991. The film

855-399: A monster forever. The film stars Paige O'Hara and Robby Benson as the voices of Belle and the Beast, respectively, as well as the ensemble voices of Richard White , Jerry Orbach , David Ogden Stiers , Jesse Corti , Rex Everhart , Jo Anne Worley , and Angela Lansbury . Walt Disney first attempted to adapt Beauty and the Beast into an animated film during the 1930s and 1950s, but

950-492: A new musical sequence. For this version of the film, much of the animation was cleaned up, a new sequence set to the deleted song "Human Again" was inserted into the film's second act, and a new digital master from the original CAPS production files was used to make the high-resolution IMAX film negative. A sing-along edition, hosted by Jordin Sparks , was released in select theaters on September 29 and October 2, 2010. Prior to

1045-446: A rescue alone. Belle discovers Maurice's predicament via a magic mirror. Out of his love for her, the Beast releases Belle to rescue him. Returning to town, Belle reveals the Beast via the mirror, shocking the townsfolk and proving her father's sanity. Realizing she has fallen for the Beast, Gaston jealously has her thrown into the cellar with Maurice and rallies the villagers to kill the Beast. Chip, who stowed away when Belle left, frees

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1140-571: A sort of intellectual less by actually reading books, it seems, than by hanging out with them", but says that the film comes closer than other "Disney-studio" films to "accepting challenges of the kind that the finest Walt Disney features met". David Whitley writes in The Idea of Nature in Disney Animation that Belle is different from earlier Disney heroines in that she is mostly free from the burdens of domestic housework, although her role

1235-527: A ton of frenetically edited eye candy at the screen, charmlessly." Phillips also wrote of the 2017 film that "too often we're watching highly qualified performers, plus a few less conspicuously talented ones ..., stuck doing karaoke, or motion-capture work of middling quality". Dana Schwartz of the Observer criticized some of the 2017 film changes to characters such as the Beast and Gaston as regressive by watering down their distinguishing personalities from

1330-461: A value. For example, the following function computes vector length using the dot product operator ".": This graphics software –related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . PhotoRealistic RenderMan Pixar RenderMan (also known as RenderMan ) is a photorealistic 3D rendering software produced by Pixar Animation Studios . Pixar uses RenderMan to render their in-house 3D animated movie productions and it

1425-457: A wider range of colors, as well as soft shading and colored line effects for the characters, techniques lost when the Disney studio abandoned hand inking for xerography in the early 1960s. CAPS/ink & paint also allowed the production crew to simulate multiplane effects: placing characters and/or backgrounds on separate layers and moving them towards/away from the camera on the Z-axis to give

1520-421: A wood-chopping machine, but becomes lost in the forest. Upon seeking refuge in the Beast's castle, he is eventually detained for trespassing. After Belle finds Maurice locked in the castle dungeon, she offers to take his place as a prisoner; the Beast agrees. Belle meets the castle's servants, including candelabra Lumière, mantel clock Cogsworth, teapot Mrs. Potts , and her son Chip , a teacup. When she finds

1615-481: Is also available as a commercial product licensed to third parties. In 2015, a free non-commercial version of RenderMan became available. To speed up rendering, Pixar engineers performed experiments with parallel rendering computers using Transputer chips inside a Pixar Image Computer . The name comes from the nickname of a small circuit board (2.5 × 5 inches or 6.4 × 13 cm) containing one Transputer that engineer Jeff Mock could put in his pocket. During that time

1710-435: Is based on the 1756 fairy tale by Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont , in turn an abridged version of the 1740 story by Gabrielle-Suzanne Barbot de Villeneuve . The film also incorporates ideas from the 1946 French film directed by Jean Cocteau . The film was directed by Gary Trousdale and Kirk Wise (in their feature directorial debuts), and produced by Don Hahn , from a screenplay by Linda Woolverton . Beauty and

1805-473: Is identical to the original Diamond Edition, except for the added 3D disc and digital copy. The Blu-ray release went into the Disney Vault along with the two sequels on April 30, 2012. A 25th-anniversary Signature Edition was released on Digital HD September 6, 2016, and was followed by Blu-ray/DVD combo pack on September 20, 2016. Upon its first week of release on home media in the U.S., the film topped

1900-424: Is somewhat undefined in the same way that "contemporary culture now requires most adolescent girls to contribute little in the way of domestic work before they leave home and have to take on the fraught, multiple responsibilities of the working mother". Whitley also notes other themes and modern influences, such as the film's critical view of Gaston's chauvinism and attitude towards nature, the cyborg-like servants, and

1995-570: The Chicago Tribune gave the film three out of four stars, saying " Beauty and the Beast is certainly adequate holiday entertainment for children and their more indulgent parents ... But the film has little of the technical facility, vivid characterization and emotional impact of Disney past." Jay Boyar of the Orlando Sentinel gave the film four out of five stars, saying "It's not an especially scary movie, but right from

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2090-626: The 1992 Summer Olympics In Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain . At the time, Beauty and the Beast was the most successful animated Disney film release, and the first animated film to reach $ 100 million in the United States and Canada in its initial run. In its IMAX re-release, it earned $ 25.5 million in North America and $ 5.5 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $ 31 million. It also earned $ 9.8 million from its 3D re-release overseas. During

2185-505: The Academy Award for Best Picture at the 64th Academy Awards . The film won the Academy Award for Best Original Score and Best Original Song for its title song and received additional nominations for Best Original Song (for " Belle " and " Be Our Guest ") and Best Sound . In April 1994, Beauty and the Beast became Disney's first animated film to be adapted into a Broadway musical , which ran until 2007. An IMAX version of

2280-507: The American Film Institute revealed its " Ten Top Ten " lists of the best ten films in ten "classic" American film genres, based on polls of over 1,500 people from the creative community. Beauty and the Beast was acknowledged as the seventh-best film in the animation genre. In previous lists, it ranked number 22 on the institute's list of best musicals and number 34 on its list of the best romantic American films . On

2375-477: The Chicago Tribune , gave the film four out of four stars, saying " Beauty and the Beast is one of the year's most entertaining films for both adults and children." On their Beauty and the Beast edition of Siskel & Ebert , both Siskel and Roger Ebert proclaimed that the film is "a legitimate contender for Oscar consideration as Best Picture of the Year ". Michael Sragow of The New Yorker gave

2470-633: The Disney-MGM Studios theme park in Lake Buena Vista, Florida assisted the California team on several scenes, particularly the "Be Our Guest" number. Beauty and the Beast was the second film, after The Rescuers Down Under , produced using CAPS (Computer Animation Production System) , a digital scanning, ink, paint, and compositing system of software and hardware developed for Disney by Pixar . The software allowed for

2565-617: The Reyes Rendering Architecture . The Renderman standard was first presented at 1993 SIGGRAPH , developed with input from 19 companies and 6 or 7 big partners, with Pat Hanrahan taking a leading role. Ed Catmull said no software product met the RenderMan Standard in 1993. RenderMan met it after about two years. Additionally RenderMan supports Open Shading Language to define textural patterns. When Pixar started development, Steve Jobs described

2660-554: The Reyes algorithm to render images with added support for advanced effects such as ray tracing and global illumination . Support for Reyes rendering and the RenderMan Shading Language were removed from RenderMan in 2016. RenderMan currently uses Monte Carlo path tracing to generate images. RenderMan has been used to create digital visual effects for Hollywood blockbuster movies such as Beauty and

2755-564: The Sony Walkman was very popular and Jeff Mock called his portable board Renderman, leading to the software name. RenderMan defines cameras, geometry, materials, and lights using the RenderMan Interface Specification . This specification facilitates communication between 3D modeling and animation applications and the render engine that generates the final high quality images. In the past RenderMan used

2850-463: The 1991 animated film as superior to the 2017 live-action remake . Michael Phillips of the Chicago Tribune stated that the 1991 film "worked wonderfully because it was pure Broadway, written for the screen, blending comedy and romance and magic and just enough snark in the margins", while the 2017 remake got lost in translation since "The movie takes our knowledge and our interest in the material for granted. It zips from one number to another, throwing

2945-449: The 1991 film, further arguing that the added backstory to the characters in the 2017 version failed to "advance the plot or theme in any meaningful way". David Sims of The Atlantic wrote that the 2017 film "feels particularly egregious, in part, because it's so slavishly devoted to the original; every time it falls short of its predecessor (which is quite often), it's hard not to notice". Alan Menken and Howard Ashman's song " Beauty and

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3040-436: The 1994 Broadway stage version of Beauty and the Beast , and another revised version of the song was added to the film itself in a new sequence created for the film's Special Edition re-release in 2002. Ashman died of AIDS-related complications at the age of 40 on March 14, 1991, eight months before the film's release. He never saw the finished film, though he did get to see it in its unfinished format. Ashman's work on Aladdin

3135-530: The Beast , Aladdin , The Lion King , Terminator 2: Judgment Day , Toy Story , Jurassic Park , Avatar , Titanic , the Star Wars prequels, and The Lord of the Rings . RenderMan has received four Academy Scientific and Technical Awards . The first was in 1993 honoring Pat Hanrahan , Anthony A. Apodaca, Loren Carpenter , Rob Cook , Ed Catmull , Darwyn Peachey, and Tom Porter . The second

3230-450: The Beast became the first Disney animated film to use a screenwriter. This was an unusual move for an animated film, which is traditionally developed on storyboards rather than in a scripted form. Linda Woolverton wrote the original draft of the story before storyboarding began, and worked with the story team to retool and develop the film. Upon seeing the initial storyboard reels in 1989, Walt Disney Studios chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg

3325-503: The Beast focuses on the relationship between the Beast , a prince who is magically transformed into a monster and his servants into household objects as punishment for his arrogance and cruelty, and Belle , a young woman whom he imprisons in his castle in exchange for her father's freedom. To break the curse, the Beast must learn to love Belle and earn her love in return before the last petal from an enchanted rose falls, or else he will remain

3420-540: The Beast on home video in high-definition format. This edition consists of four versions of the film: the original theatrical version, an extended version, the New York Film Festival storyboard-only version, and a fourth iteration displaying the storyboards via picture-in-picture alongside the original theatrical version. Upon its first week of release, the Blu-ray sold 1.1 million units, topping

3515-673: The Beast was re-released in selected Cinemark theaters from August 18 to 31, 2023, across the United Kingdom from September 22 to 28, and in Helios theaters across Poland on October 7. On October 30, 1992, in the United States and Canada, Walt Disney Home Video (currently known as Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment ) released the film to VHS , Beta and LaserDisc as part of the Walt Disney Classics series, and later put it on moratorium on April 30, 1993, it

3610-578: The Beast was to be completed on a compressed timeline of two years rather than the traditional four-year Disney Feature Animation production schedule; this was due to the loss of production time spent developing the earlier Purdum version of the film. Most of the production was done at the main Feature Animation studio, housed in the Air Way facility in Glendale, California . A smaller team at

3705-566: The Beast " won the Academy Award for Best Original Song , while Menken's score won the award for Best Original Score . Two other Menken and Ashman songs from the film, "Belle" and "Be Our Guest", were also nominated for Best Original Song. Beauty and the Beast was the first picture to receive three Academy Award nominations for Best Original Song, a feat that would be repeated by The Lion King (1994), Dreamgirls (2006), and Enchanted (2007). Academy rules have since been changed to limit each film to two nominations in this category, due to

3800-474: The Beast , which introduced the character of Avenant, an oafish suitor somewhat similar to Gaston, as well as inanimate objects coming to life in the Beast's castle. The animated objects were, however, given distinct personalities in the Disney version. By early 1990, Katzenberg had approved the revised script, and storyboarding began again. The production flew story artists back and forth between California and New York for storyboard approvals from Ashman, though

3895-545: The Beast ." Awarding the film a perfect score of four stars, Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times compared Beauty and the Beast positively to Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Pinocchio , writing, " Beauty and the Beast reaches back to an older and healthier Hollywood tradition in which the best writers, musicians and filmmakers are gathered for a project on the assumption that a family audience deserves great entertainment, too." In 2001, Ebert again gave

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3990-529: The Beast, the role was eventually given to actor Robby Benson . John Cleese was originally intended to voice Cogsworth, but later turned it down to voice Cat. R. Waul in the Universal Pictures animated film An American Tail: Fievel Goes West , and the role was eventually given to David Ogden Stiers . Julie Andrews was originally considered to voice Mrs. Potts, but the role was eventually given to Angela Lansbury . Production of Beauty and

4085-538: The Beast: The Enchanted Christmas and Belle's Magical World . The Special Edition DVD was released on November 2, 2002, in the United Kingdom, while the other 50 international territories released on Autumn 2002 as "Special Limited Edition". The film was released from the vault on October 5, 2010, as the second of Disney's Diamond Editions, in the form of a three-disc Blu-ray Disc and DVD combination pack —the first release of Beauty and

4180-724: The Best Picture award to The Silence of the Lambs and the Best Sound award to Terminator 2: Judgment Day . With six nominations, the film currently shares the record for the most nominations for an animated film with WALL-E (2008), although, with three nominations in the Best Original Song category, Beauty and the Beast ' s nominations span only four categories, while WALL-E ' s nominations cover six individual categories. While The Little Mermaid

4275-801: The Blu-ray Disc sales chart, and debuted at number 3 in the Nielsen VideoScan First Alert chart, which tracks overall disc sales, behind Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows and Captain America: Civil War . The film was released on 4K digital download and Ultra HD Blu-ray on March 10, 2020. For its original theatrical run, Beauty and the Beast earned $ 9.6 million in its opening weekend, ranking in third place behind The Addams Family and Cape Fear . During its initial release in 1991,

4370-403: The Blu-ray sales chart and finishing in third place on the combined Blu-ray and DVD sales chart for the week ending on October 10, 2010. It was the second-best-selling Blu-ray of 2010, behind Avatar . A two-disc DVD edition was released on November 23, 2010. A five-disc combo pack, featuring Blu-ray 3D , Blu-ray 2D, DVD and a digital copy , was released on October 4, 2011. The 3D combo pack

4465-509: The IMAX re-release a full 4 out of 4 stars. James Berardinelli of ReelViews rated the film similarly while hailing it as "the finest animated movie ever made", writing, " Beauty and the Beast attains a nearly-perfect mix of romance, music, invention, and animation." The use of computer animation, particularly in the ballroom sequence, was singled out in several reviews as one of the film's highlights. Hal Hinson of The Washington Post gave

4560-610: The LaserDisc (which are not copy-protected) and selling them in international markets, where the film was yet to be available for home release. By October 1993, the VHS sold a record 20-22 million units. In 1993, the film was also released on home video in different countries, including the United Kingdom on September 20 of that year, and sold a record 8.5 million units. Beauty and the Beast: Special Edition , as

4655-494: The animated portions of Roger Rabbit , was approached to direct but declined in favor of continuing work on his long-gestating project The Thief and the Cobbler . In his place, Williams recommended his colleague, English animation director Richard Purdum, and work began under producer Don Hahn on a non-musical version of Beauty and the Beast set in 19th-century France. At the behest of Disney CEO Michael Eisner , Beauty and

4750-402: The animated sections of Cranium Command , a short film for a Disney EPCOT theme park attraction. In addition, wanting another musical film, Katzenberg asked songwriters Howard Ashman and Alan Menken , who had written the song score for The Little Mermaid , to turn Beauty and the Beast into a Broadway-style musical film in the same vein as Mermaid . Ashman, who at the time had learned he

4845-540: The award when only five nominees were allowed. It was the third Disney film ever to be nominated for Best Picture, following Mary Poppins (1964) and Dead Poets Society (1989). It became the first musical in twelve years to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture of the Year, following All That Jazz (1979), and the last one to be nominated until Moulin Rouge! (2001), ten years later. It lost

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4940-520: The ballroom sequence helped convince studio executives to further invest in computer animation. The technology hardware that was used for the CGI was SGI , and the software that was used is Pixar's RenderMan . The final dance between Belle and the Prince was reused from the final dance sequence between Princess Aurora and Prince Phillip from the 1959 film Sleeping Beauty . According to Trousdale, this

5035-473: The box office worldwide on a $ 25 million budget and received widespread acclaim for its romantic narrative, animation (particularly the ballroom scene), characters, and musical numbers. Beauty and the Beast won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy , the first animated film ever to win that category. It also became the first animated film ever to be nominated for

5130-423: The consecutive unintentional failures of Dreamgirls and Enchanted to win the award. The film was also nominated for Best Picture and Best Sound . It was the first animated film ever to be nominated for Best Picture, and remained the only animated film nominated until the 2009 nominee Up , after the Best Picture field had been widened to ten nominees. Thus, it remains the only animated film nominated for

5225-533: The development of point-based rendering for indirect illumination and ambient occlusion." The fourth was in 2011 honoring David Laur. It has also won the Gordon E. Sawyer Award in 2009 and The Coons Award. It is the first software product awarded an Oscar. Beauty and the Beast (1991 film) Beauty and the Beast is a 1991 American animated musical romantic fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures . It

5320-558: The enchanted rose, the Beast angrily forces her to flee outside. Wolves ambush Belle, and the Beast rescues her, getting injured in the process. As she nurses his wounds, they develop a rapport. In the village, Maurice fails to convince the townsfolk of the Beast. Hearing Maurice's statements, Gaston bribes Monsieur D'Arque, the warden of the local insane asylum , to have Maurice declared insane and locked up, which Gaston will use to blackmail Belle into marrying him in exchange for Maurice's release. Before they can act, Maurice leaves to attempt

5415-635: The enhanced version of the film released in IMAX/large-format is called, was released on a THX certified "Platinum Edition" two-disc DVD and VHS on October 8, 2002. The DVD set features three versions of the film: the extended IMAX Special Edition with the "Human Again" sequence added, the original theatrical version, and the New York Film Festival "work-in-progress" version. This release went to " Disney Vault " moratorium status in January 2003, along with its direct-to-video follow-ups Beauty and

5510-471: The father's role as an inventor rather than a merchant. Beauty and the Beast has been named one of Disney's most critically acclaimed films. Leah Pickett of Consequence described it as arguably "the most critically lauded animated film of the 20th century". In 2010, IGN named Beauty and the Beast as the greatest animated film of all time, directly ahead of WALL-E , The Incredibles , Toy Story 2 , and The Iron Giant . Most critics regard

5605-444: The film a positive review, calling the film "A delightfully satisfying modern fable, a near-masterpiece that draws on the sublime traditions of the past while remaining completely in sync with the sensibility of its time." Janet Maslin of The New York Times gave the film a positive review, saying "It is a surprise, in a time of sequels and retreads, that the new film is so fresh and altogether triumphant in its own right." Dave Kehr of

5700-431: The film a positive review, saying "It's got storytelling vigor and clarity, bright, eclectic animation, and a frisky musical wit." Eric Smoodin writes in his book Animating Culture that the studio was trying to make up for earlier gender stereotypes with this film. Smoodin also states that, in the way it has been viewed as bringing together traditional fairy tales and feminism as well as computer and traditional animation,

5795-422: The film a rare "A+" grade. Janet Maslin of The New York Times praised the film with the following statement, "Two years ago, Walt Disney Pictures reinvented the animated feature, not only with an eye toward pleasing children, but also with an older, savvier audience in mind. Disney truly bridged a generation gap with The Little Mermaid  ... Now, lightning has definitely struck twice with Beauty and

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5890-400: The film an approval rating of 93% based on reviews from 121 critics, with an average rating of 8.5/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Enchanting, sweepingly romantic, and featuring plenty of wonderful musical numbers, Beauty and the Beast is one of Disney's most elegant animated offerings." The film also holds a score of 95/100 on Metacritic . Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave

5985-462: The film grossed $ 145.9 million in revenues in North America and $ 331.9 million worldwide. It ranked as the third-most successful film of 1991 and Later the Year 1992 in North America and Europe, Including The Home Country of France , Italy , Spain and Other's, Etc. surpassed only by the summer blockbusters Terminator 2: Judgment Day and Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves Ahead of

6080-567: The film in The New York Times , competed for the role against 500 hopefuls, believes the fact that lyricist Howard Ashman admired her cast recording of the musical Show Boat proved integral in her being cast. O'Hara modeled her interpretation of Belle after the spirited performance of Katharine Hepburn in Little Women (1933). Laurence Fishburne , Val Kilmer and Mandy Patinkin were originally considered to voice

6175-586: The film was released in 2002, including the new song " Human Again ", originally an eight-minute storyboarded musical sequence ultimately replaced with " Something There ", but later revised in the 1994 musical as a five-minute piece. Also in 2002, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". After

6270-428: The film's "greatness could be proved in terms of technology narrative or even politics". Animation legend Chuck Jones praised the film, in a 1992 guest appearance on Later with Bob Costas he claimed he "Loved it. I think it should have won [Best Picture] ... I think the animation on the beast is one of the greatest pieces of animation I've seen". Animation historian Michael Barrier wrote that Belle "becomes

6365-593: The film's score. Ashman, who additionally served as the film's executive producer, died of AIDS -related complications eight months before the film's release, and the film is dedicated to his memory. Beauty and the Beast premiered as an unfinished film at the New York Film Festival on September 29, 1991, followed by its theatrical release as a completed film at the El Capitan Theatre in Los Angeles on November 13. The film grossed $ 331 million at

6460-401: The film's script. Since the original story had only two major characters, the filmmakers enhanced them, added new characters in the form of enchanted household items who "add warmth and comedy to a gloomy story" and guide the audience through the film, and added a "real villain" in the form of Gaston. These ideas were somewhat similar to elements of the 1946 French film version of Beauty and

6555-538: The film's total gross in North America to $ 219 million. It made an estimated $ 206 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $ 425 million. It was the highest-grossing film in Italy , surpassing the 39 billion lira grossed by Johnny Stecchino . Upon its release, Beauty and the Beast was praised for its script, animation (particularly the ballroom scene), characters, and musical numbers. Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes gives

6650-622: The first visitor to eat at the castle in a decade, " Gaston ", a solo for the swaggering villain and his bumbling sidekick, "Human Again", a song describing Belle and Beast's growing love from the objects' perspective, the love ballad " Beauty and the Beast (Tale as Old as Time) " and the climactic " The Mob Song ". As story and song development came to a close, full production began in Burbank while voice and song recording began in New York City. The Beauty songs were mostly recorded live with

6745-416: The illusion of depth, as well as altering the focus of each layer. In addition, CAPS/ink & paint allowed an easier combination of hand-drawn art with computer-generated imagery , which before had to be plotted to animation paper and then xeroxed and painted traditionally. This technique was put to significant use during the "Beauty and the Beast" waltz sequence, in which Belle and Beast dance through

6840-402: The objects should be singing the song to Belle rather than her father. Wise and Trousdale agreed, and the sequence and song were retooled to replace Maurice with Belle. The film's title song went through a noted bit of uncertainty during production. Originally conceived as a rock-oriented song, it was changed to a slow, romantic ballad. Howard Ashman and Alan Menken asked Angela Lansbury to perform

6935-536: The opening weekend of its North American 3D re-release in 2012, Beauty and the Beast grossed $ 17.8 million, coming in at the No. 2 spot, behind Contraband , and achieved the highest opening weekend for an animated film in January. The film was expected to make $ 17.5 million over the weekend; however, the results topped its forecast and the expectations of box office analysts. The re-release ended its run on May 3, 2012, and earned $ 47.6 million, which brought

7030-454: The orchestra and the voice cast performing simultaneously rather than overdubbed separately, in order to give the songs a cast album -like "energy" the filmmakers and songwriters desired. During the course of production, many changes were made to the structure of the film, necessitating the replacement and re-purposing of songs. After screening a mostly animated version of the "Be Our Guest" sequence, story artist Bruce Woodside suggested that

7125-405: The original goal for RenderMan in 1991: "Our goal is to make Renderman and Iceman the system software of the 90s," Mr. Jobs said, likening these programs to PostScript , the software developed by Adobe Systems Inc. for high-quality typography . During this time, Pixar used the C language for developing Renderman, which allowed them to port it to many platforms. Historically, RenderMan used

7220-416: The prince must learn to love someone and earn that person's love before the last petal of the rose falls; otherwise, he will remain a beast forever. Several years later, in a nearby village, Belle, the bookworm daughter of eccentric inventor Maurice, dreams of adventure while constantly rejecting advances from Gaston, an arrogant hunter. One day, Maurice travels to a local fair to present his latest invention,

7315-497: The project was postponed, first to 2011 and then to 2012. On August 25, 2011, Disney announced that the 3D version would make its American debut at Hollywood's El Capitan Theatre from September 2–15, 2011. Disney spent less than $ 10 million on the 3D conversion. After the successful 3D re-release of The Lion King , Disney announced a wide 3D re-release of Beauty and the Beast in North America beginning January 13, 2012. To celebrate Disney's 100th anniversary, Beauty and

7410-484: The showing, Sparks showed an exclusive behind-the-scenes look at the newly restored film and the making of her new Beauty and the Beast music video. There was also commentary from producer Hahn, interviews with the cast and an inside look at how the animation was created. A Disney Digital 3D version, the second of a traditionally animated film, was originally scheduled to be released in US theatres on February 12, 2010, but

7505-452: The song, but she did not think her voice was suited for the melody. When she voiced her doubts, Menken and Ashman asked her for at least one take and told her to perform the song as she saw fit. Lansbury reportedly reduced everyone in the studio to tears with her rendition, nailing the song in the one take asked of her. This version went on to win the Oscar for Best Original Song. "Human Again"

7600-449: The start, you can tell that this Beauty and the Beast has a beauty of a bite." John Hartl of The Seattle Times gave the film three-and-a-half stars out of four, saying "It's exceptionally difficult to make an audience care for animated characters unless they're mermaids or anthropomorphized animals or insects, yet the Disney animators, with a big assist from the vocal talents of a superb cast, have pulled it off." Gene Siskel , also of

7695-510: The success of the 3D re-release of The Lion King , the film was reissued in 3D in 2012. In 2014, Time magazine ranked Beauty and the Beast as the greatest film of the Disney Renaissance and one of the greatest animated films of all time . Other derived works and material inspired by the film include a 2017 live-action remake directed by Bill Condon , released on March 17, 2017, to generally positive reviews; as well as

7790-525: The team was not told the reason why. Disney had originally considered casting Jodi Benson from The Little Mermaid as Belle . They eventually decided upon Broadway actress and singer Paige O'Hara in favor of having a heroine who sounded "more like a woman than a girl". According to co-director Kirk Wise, O'Hara was given the role because she "had a unique quality, a tone she would hit that made her special", reminiscent to that of American actress and singer Judy Garland . O'Hara, who, after reading about

7885-482: The two with Maurice's machine. As the castle's servants defeat the villagers, Gaston attacks the depressed Beast, who regains his spirit upon seeing Belle return and spares Gaston's life, but Gaston fatally stabs him before losing his footing and falling to his demise. Belle tearfully professes her love to a dying Beast as the last petal falls, which undoes the curse, reviving the Beast and restoring him and his servants to their human forms. The prince and Belle later host

7980-727: The world. The song became Dion's second single to land within the top-10 of the Billboard Hot 100 , peaking at number nine. The song peaked at number three on the Billboard Hot Adult Contemporary chart. In Canada, "Beauty and the Beast" peaked at number two. Outside of North America, the song peaked within the top ten in New Zealand and the United Kingdom, while peaking within the top twenty in Australia, Netherlands, and Ireland. The song sold over

8075-530: Was also screened out of competition at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival . The finished film premiered at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood on November 13, 1991, beginning a limited release before expanding wide on November 22, along with An American Tail: Fievel Goes West . The film was restored and remastered for its New Year's Day, 2002 re-release in IMAX theatres in a special-edition edit, including

8170-575: Was as part of the 73rd Scientific and Technical Academy Awards ceremony presentation on March 3, 2001: the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ' Board of Governors honored Ed Catmull , Loren Carpenter and Rob Cook with an Academy Award of Merit "for significant advancements to the field of motion picture rendering as exemplified in Pixar’s RenderMan". The third was in 2010 honoring "Per Christensen, Christophe Hery, and Michael Bunnell for

8265-415: Was completed by another lyricist, Tim Rice . Before Ashman's death, members of the film's production team visited him after the film's well-received first screening, with Don Hahn commenting that "the film would be a great success. Who'd have thought it?" Ashman replied, "I would". A tribute to the lyricist was included at the end of the credits crawl: "To our friend, Howard, who gave a mermaid her voice and

8360-444: Was deemed a " work in progress " because roughly only 70% of the animation had been completed; storyboards and pencil tests were used in replacement of the remaining 30%. Additionally, certain segments of the film that had already been finished were reverted to previous stages of completion. At the end of the screening, Beauty and the Beast received a ten-minute-long standing ovation from the film festival audience. The completed film

8455-516: Was dissatisfied with Purdum's idea and ordered that the film be scrapped and started over from scratch. A few months after starting anew, Purdum resigned as director. The studio had approached John Musker and Ron Clements to direct the film, but they turned down the offer, saying they were "tired" after just having finished directing Disney's recent success The Little Mermaid . Katzenberg then hired first-time feature directors Kirk Wise and Gary Trousdale . Wise and Trousdale had previously directed

8550-465: Was done because production of the film was nearing the deadline, and this was the easiest way to do that sequence. Ashman and Menken wrote the Beauty song score during the pre-production process in Fishkill, the opening operetta -styled " Belle " being their first composition for the film. Other songs included " Be Our Guest ", sung (in its original version) to Maurice by the objects when he becomes

8645-462: Was dropped from the film before animation began, as its lyrics caused story problems about the timeline over which the story takes place. This required Ashman and Menken to write a new song in its place. " Something There ", in which Belle and Beast sing (via voiceover) of their growing fondness for each other, was composed late in production and inserted into the script in place of "Human Again". Menken would later revise "Human Again" for inclusion in

8740-561: Was dying of complications from AIDS, had been working with Disney on a pet project of his, Aladdin , and only reluctantly agreed to join the struggling production team. To accommodate Ashman's failing health, pre-production of Beauty and the Beast was moved from London to the Residence Inn in Fishkill, New York , close to Ashman's New York City home. Here, Ashman and Menken joined Wise, Trousdale, Hahn, and Woolverton in retooling

8835-510: Was not included in the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection line. The "work-in-progress" version screened at the New York Film Festival was also released on VHS and LaserDisc at this time; however, said version was the only one available on the latter format until the fall of 1993, when the completed theatrical version was released. This measure was to diminish the threat of video pirates making copies derived from

8930-412: Was the first to be nominated, Beauty and the Beast became the first animated film to win the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy . This feat was later repeated by The Lion King and Toy Story 2 . In 2002, Beauty and the Beast was added to the United States National Film Registry as being deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". In June 2008,

9025-526: Was unsuccessful. Following the success of The Little Mermaid (1989), Disney decided to adapt the fairy tale, which Richard Purdum originally conceived as a non-musical period drama . After seeing a test reel, Disney chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg scrapped Purdum's idea and ordered that the film be a musical similar to The Little Mermaid instead. Composer Alan Menken and lyricist Howard Ashman , both of whom previously worked on The Little Mermaid , returned to write this film's songs, and Menken also composed

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