91-847: The River Foss is in North Yorkshire , England. It is a tributary of the River Ouse . It rises in the Foss Crooks Woods near Oulston Reservoir close to the village of Yearsley and runs south through the Vale of York to the Ouse in the centre of York . The name most likely comes from the Latin word Fossa, meaning ditch. It is mentioned in the Domesday Book . The York district was settled by Norwegian and Danish people, so parts of
182-451: A daughter, Hon. Mary Fairfax (30 July 1638 – 20 October 1704), who married George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham . Fairfax was succeeded as Lord Fairfax by a cousin, Henry Fairfax, 4th Lord Fairfax of Cameron . As a soldier he was exact and methodical in planning, in the heat of battle "so highly transported that scarce any one durst speak a word to him", chivalrous and punctilious in his dealings with his own men and
273-587: A family member would die. A public health report detailed how 76% of children worried daily in 2014, and by 2018, this had dropped to 61%. By 2024, this had risen again to 86%. North Yorkshire has a number of bridge with clusters such as bridges of York or in the Tees Lowlands, over the River Tees . Many are road bridges, railway viaducts or footbridges; such Lendal Bridge in York, Saltburn Viaduct and
364-534: A former freight-only line. The medium-term aim is to operate into Northallerton station on the ECML, once an agreement can be reached with Network Rail . In the longer term, the aim is to reinstate the full line west via Hawes to Garsdale on the Settle-Carlisle line. York railway station is the largest station in the county, with 11 platforms and is a major tourist attraction in its own right. The station
455-632: A jewel of great value set with diamonds, and a sum of money. The king had returned from Wales and established himself at Oxford , where there was a strong garrison but, ever vacillating, he withdrew secretly, and proceeded to Newark to throw himself into the arms of the Scots Covenanter army there. Oxford capitulated in June 1646 following the final siege , and by the end of September 1646 Charles had neither army nor garrison in England, following
546-469: A population of 1,158,816 in 2021. The largest settlements are Middlesbrough (148,215) in the north-east and the city of York (141,685) in the south. Middlesbrough is part of the Teesside built-up area, which extends into County Durham and had a total population of 376,663 in 2011. The remainder of the county is rural, and the largest towns are Harrogate (75,515) in the south and Scarborough (59,505) in
637-631: A relatively healthy and diverse economy which largely mirrors the national picture in terms of productivity and jobs. Mineral extraction and power generation are also sectors of the economy, as is high technology. Tourism is a significant contributor to the economy. A study of visitors between 2013 and 2015 indicated that the Borough of Scarborough, including Filey, Whitby and parts of the North York Moors National Park, received 1.4m trips per year on average. A 2016 report by
728-722: A result of the Local Government Act 1972 . It covered most of the North Riding of Yorkshire , as well as northern parts of the West Riding of Yorkshire , northern and eastern East Riding of Yorkshire and the former county borough of York . Northallerton , as the former county town for the North Riding, became North Yorkshire's county town. In 1993 the county was placed wholly within the Yorkshire and
819-520: Is 34 metres long and 6 metres wide. There are mooring points in the lock basin on the Ouse side and overnight mooring on the Foss is prohibited. Beyond Rowntree Wharf there are few opportunities for turning. In 1069 William the Conqueror dammed the Foss just south of York Castle, close to its confluence with the Ouse creating a moat around the castle. It caused the river to flood further upstream in what
910-656: Is a ceremonial county in the Yorkshire and the Humber and North East regions of England. It borders County Durham to the north, the North Sea to the east, the East Riding of Yorkshire to the south-east, South Yorkshire to the south, West Yorkshire to the south-west, and Cumbria and Lancashire to the west. The county is the largest in England by land area, at 8,654 km (3,341 sq mi), and had
1001-611: Is a left bank tributary of the River Ouse, situated near the York Castle. In the years 1947, 1978, 1982 and end of 2015 flooding occurred causing many areas to be under water. In 1982, a feasibility study was undertaken that indicated flood levels in the Foss are directly related to River Ouse levels. A barrier was proposed to counteract the backwash of the Ouse into the River Foss. In 2016 funds were allocated to upgrade
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#17327652761021092-752: Is a pivotal character in the 2003 film To Kill a King , as well as in Rosemary Sutcliff 's 1953 historical fiction Simon , being portrayed as inspiring and fair. He also appears as a central character in Sutcliff's 1959 novel The Rider of the White Horse , which gives an account of the early stage of the Civil War from the point of view of his wife, and in Howard Brenton 's 2012 play 55 Days . Douglas Wilmer portrayed him in
1183-530: Is immediately adjacent to the National Railway Museum . The main road through the county is the north–south A1(M) , which has gradually been upgraded in sections to motorway status since the early 1990s. The only other motorways within the county are the short A66(M) near Darlington and a small stretch of the M62 motorway close to Eggborough . The other nationally maintained trunk routes are
1274-680: Is most plentiful on the coast, receiving an average of 1,650 hours a year. It reduces further west in the county, with the Pennines receiving 1,250 hours a year. The county borders multiple counties and districts: The City of York Council and North Yorkshire Council formed the York and North Yorkshire Combined Authority in February 2024. The elections for the first directly elected mayor will take place in May 2024. Both North Yorkshire Council and
1365-654: Is no city wall between Layerthorpe Postern and the Red Tower. In the 17th century, the King's Pool and the Foss were in decline because silt from upriver collected in the Pool, and not enough water came down to move it on despite the main channel of the River Foss having been deepened in 1608. Eventually the lake was too shallow to remain viable as a defence. In 1644 the lake was shallow enough for Parliamentarian forces under Sir Thomas Fairfax to consider crossing it on foot to break
1456-532: Is now the Hungate and Layerthorpe areas, forming a large lake that was known as the "King's Pool" or the "King's Fish Pond" and which provided fish for the markets. The lake was approximately 100 acres in extent and fishing was allowed by licence, except for the King's Men. The King's Pool was part of the city's inner defences during the Middle Ages as the marsh was virtually impassable and explains why there
1547-426: Is said that his wife, Anne Fairfax , shouted from the gallery that "he had more wit than to be there". Later when the court said that they were acting for "all the good people of England", she shouted "No, nor the hundredth part of them!". This resulted in an investigation and Anne was asked or required to leave the court. It was said that Anne could not forbear, as Bulstrode Whitelocke says, to exclaim aloud against
1638-551: Is the primary source of employment. Approximately 85% of the county is considered to be "rural or super sparse". Other sectors in 2019 included some manufacturing, the provision of accommodation and meals (primarily for tourists) which accounted for 19 per cent of all jobs. Food manufacturing employed 11 per cent of workers. A few people are involved in forestry and fishing in 2019. The average weekly earnings in 2018 were £531. Some 15% of workers declared themselves as self-employed. One report in late 2020 stated that "North Yorkshire has
1729-465: The A168 / A19 , A64 , A66 and A174 . Coach and bus Long-distance coach services are operated by National Express and Megabus . Local bus service operators include Arriva Yorkshire , Stagecoach, Harrogate Bus Company , The Keighley Bus Company, Scarborough & District ( East Yorkshire ), Yorkshire Coastliner , First York and the local Dales & District . There are no major airports in
1820-450: The City of York unitary authority . On 1 April 2023, the non-metropolitan county became a unitary authority. This abolished the remaining seven district councils and extended the powers of the county council to act as a district council. The York and North Yorkshire Combined Authority held its first meeting on 22 January 2024, assumed its powers on 1 February 2024 and the first mayor
1911-670: The Esk Valley Line from Middlesbrough to Whitby . Last but certainly not least, the Settle-Carlisle Line runs through the west of the county, with services again operated by Northern. The county suffered badly under the Beeching cuts of the 1960s. Places such as Richmond , Ripon , Tadcaster , Helmsley , Pickering and the Wensleydale communities lost their passenger services. Notable lines closed were
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#17327652761022002-582: The Foss Barrier is between 5.05m and 7.90m. The highest river level recorded was 10.20 metres and the river level reached 9.34 metres on 23 January 2008. The source of the Foss is a spring in the Howardian Hills adjacent to, and flowing into, Oulston Reservoir near Newburgh Priory , four miles (6.5 km) north of Easingwold . From there to the Blue Bridge in York , where it joins
2093-526: The Infinity Bridge respectively. The Tees Transporter Bridge , opened in 1911 is a symbol of Teesside and is one of few surviving transporter bridges worldwide. Further inland, the Tees Barrage complex (which opened in 1995) incorporates a tidal barrier , road bridge, footbridge and barge lock . Larpool Viaduct near Whitby is a repurposed railway viaduct (footbridge), the viaduct
2184-545: The Ouse , it is 19.5 miles (31 km) in length. For part of its way it runs close to the B1363 between Brandsby and Stillington. The river flows in wide meanders in a southerly direction for most of its course towards York. As of 2010 the river is navigable for some 1.5 miles (2 km) upstream of Castle Mills Lock. The bridges by Peasholme Green and Foss Bank restrict the headroom to an air space of 2.4 metres. The Foss Barrier
2275-842: The Scarborough and Whitby Railway , Malton and Driffield Railway and the secondary main line between Northallerton and Harrogate via Ripon. Heritage railways within North Yorkshire include: the North Yorkshire Moors Railway , between Pickering and Grosmont , which opened in 1973; the Derwent Valley Light Railway near York; and the Embsay and Bolton Abbey Steam Railway . The Wensleydale Railway , which started operating in 2003, runs services between Leeming Bar and Redmire along
2366-658: The Siege of York during the English Civil War . In 1727 an order was placed upon Arthur Ingram, 6th Viscount of Irvine to scour the River Foss from the Castle Mills to Foss Bridge, making it eight yards wide at the top and four yards at the bottom, and, in 1731 the Little Foss, the extension to enclose the castle was drained. In the 18th century, the water was so low that marshy islands were created (hence
2457-697: The West Riding of Yorkshire , on 17 January 1612, the eldest son of Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Lord Fairfax of Cameron . (His family title of Lord Fairfax of Cameron was in the peerage of Scotland , then still independent from England, which was why he was able to sit in the English House of Commons after he inherited it.) His dark hair, eyes and swarthy complexion would earn him the nickname "Black Tom". Fairfax studied at St John's College, Cambridge , and Gray's Inn (1626–1628), and then volunteered to join Sir Horace Vere 's expedition to fight for
2548-515: The Yorkshire Dales , an extensive upland area which contains the source of the River Ouse / Ure and many of its tributaries, which together drain most of the county before reaching the Humber estuary in the south. The Dales also contain the county's highest point, Whernside , at 2,415 feet (736 m). North Yorkshire non-metropolitan and ceremonial county was formed on 1 April 1974 as
2639-418: The trial of Charles I . Eventually he resigned, leaving Cromwell to control the country. Because of this, as well as his honourable battlefield conduct and active role in the 1660 Stuart Restoration after Cromwell's death in 1659, Fairfax was exempted from the retribution that was exacted on many other leaders of the revolution. Thomas Fairfax was born at Denton Hall , halfway between Ilkley and Otley in
2730-644: The Earl of Essex from the supreme command, along with other Members of Parliament. This was then followed by the New Model Ordinance , which replaced the locally raised Parliamentary regiments with a unified army. Sir Thomas Fairfax was selected as the new Lord General, with Cromwell as his Lieutenant-General and cavalry commander. After a short preliminary campaign, the New Model Army justified its existence, and "the rebels' new brutish general", as
2821-573: The Ebor Way and Centenary Way as far as West Lilling also follow the Foss for part of their way. Several species of fish are found in the river, such as Pike , Dace , Chub , Gudgeon , Perch and Roach . At the start of the century, Barbel have been introduced into the river. Flooding of the River Ouse occurs periodically in York. This is part of a series of schemes designed by the Yorkshire Water Authority. The River Foss
River Foss - Misplaced Pages Continue
2912-549: The English Parliamentarians and the Scottish Covenanters , while Prince Rupert hastened with all available forces to the relief of the besieged garrison. A gathering of eager national forces within a few square miles of ground naturally led to a battle, and Marston Moor (2 July 1644) proved decisive for the struggle in the north. The younger Fairfax bore himself with the greatest gallantry in
3003-429: The Humber region. From 1974 to 1996 the area of the non-metropolitan county was the same as the area of the ceremonial county. The county was divided into eight districts ( York , Craven , Hambleton , Harrogate , Richmondshire , Ryedale , Scarborough and Selby ). Some areas which were part of the former North Riding were in the county of Cleveland for twenty-two years (from 1974 to 1996) and were placed in
3094-473: The Lord General to settle the kingdom, but the crisis was now at hand. Fairfax was in agreement with Cromwell and the army leaders in demanding the punishment of Charles, and he was still the effective head of the army. He approved, if he did not take an active part in, Pride's Purge (6 December 1648), but on the last and gravest of the questions at issue he set himself in deliberate and open opposition to
3185-622: The National Park, states the park area gets 7.93 million visitors annually, generating £647 million and supporting 10,900 full-time equivalent jobs. The Yorkshire Dales have also attracted many visitors. In 2016, there were 3.8 million visits to the National Park including 0.48 million who stayed at least one night. The parks service estimates that this contributed £252 million to the economy and provided 3,583 full-time equivalent jobs. The wider Yorkshire Dales area received 9.7 million visitors who contributed £644 million to
3276-620: The North East region from 1993. When Cleveland was abolished on 1 April 1996, these areas ( Middlesbrough , Redcar and Cleveland and Stockton borough south of the River Tees ) became part of the ceremonial county as separate unitary authorities. These areas remain within the North East England region. Also on 1 April 1996, the City of York district and parts of the three adjoining districts ( Haxby and nearby rural areas) became
3367-660: The North and West Yorkshire borders. It extends to the east to cover small communities such as Huby , Kirkby Overblow , and Follifoot before covering the gap between the towns of Harrogate and Knaresborough, helping to keep those towns separate. The belt adjoins the southernmost part of the Yorkshire Dales National Park , and the Nidderdale AONB . It extends into the western area of Selby district, reaching as far as Tadcaster and Balne . The belt
3458-876: The Protestant cause in the Netherlands. In 1639, he commanded a troop of Yorkshire dragoons which marched with King Charles I against the Scots in the First Bishops' War , which ended with the Pacification of Berwick before any fighting took place. In the Second Bishops' War the following year, the English army was routed at the Battle of Newburn . Fairfax fled with the rest of the defeated army, but
3549-733: The River Foss from the Foss Navigation Company. The York Improvement (Foss Abandonment) Act 1859 ( 22 Vict. c. xix) allowed the river above Yearsley Bridge was abandoned as a waterway. Stillington Hall was a mansion on the west side of the Foss and adjoining the village of the same name. It was the home of the Croft family, who are descended from a common ancestor with the house of Croft, of Croft Castle in Herefordshire. Remains of Roman jetties, wharves and warehouses have been found by excavations and building works on
3640-442: The Tees between Yarm and Ingleby Barwick; the Esk flows east directly into the North Sea at Whitby as well as the Rye (which later becomes the Derwent at Malton) flows south into the River Ouse at Goole. The county is less than 10 miles from Morecambe Bay at its closest point. North Yorkshire contains a small section of green belt in the south of the county, which surrounds the neighbouring metropolitan area of Leeds along
3731-421: The UK for visitors. In a 2020 Condé Nast Traveller report, York rated as the sixth best among ten "urban destinations [in the UK] that scored the highest marks when it comes to ... nightlife, restaurants and friendliness". During February 2020 to January 2021, the average property in North Yorkshire county sold for £240,000, up by £8100 over the previous 12 months. By comparison, the average for England and Wales
River Foss - Misplaced Pages Continue
3822-417: The Ure/Ouse, which at 208 km (129 mi) long is the sixth-longest river in the United Kingdom. The river is called the Ure until it meets Ouse Gill beck just below the village of Great Ouseburn, where it becomes the Ouse and flows south before exiting the county near Goole and entering the Humber estuary . The North York Moors are the catchment for a number of rivers: the Leven which flows north into
3913-413: The West, South and South West of England, however, the Royalist cause remained strong. The war had lasted two years, and the nation began to complain of the contributions that were exacted of and the excesses that were committed by the military. Dissatisfaction was expressed with the military commanders and, as a preliminary step to reform, the Self-denying Ordinance was passed. This involved the removal of
4004-463: The affairs of the army; when in 1650 Scots Covenanter Kirk Party eventually declared for Charles II , and the Council of State resolved to send an army to Scotland in order to prevent an invasion of England , Fairfax resigned his commission. Cromwell desired to see him continue as Commander-in-chief, as did those planning the war, but Fairfax could not support the war. Cromwell was appointed his successor, "Captain-general and Commander-in-chief of all
4095-419: The banks of the Foss, suggesting that water-borne transport and trade were important from early in the history of the city. The modern Foss benefits most from leisure activity and several long-distance walks cross its path. The Foss Walk follows much of the river course from Blue Bridge to Oulston Reservoir and on to Easingwold, a distance of 28 miles (45 km). Part of the Howardian Way near Yearsley and both
4186-422: The barrier. To avoid the build-up of water behind the barrier causing the Foss to burst its banks, water is pumped around the barrier into the Ouse by eight pumps that pump water at 50 tonnes per second preventing the Foss flowing back on itself. The water pumped out should maintain a water level of 6.5m AOD behind the barrier. When both sides of the barrier are equalised, the barrier is raised. Castle Mills Lock
4277-404: The battle and, though severely wounded, managed to join Oliver Cromwell and the victorious cavalry on the other wing. One of his brothers, Colonel Charles Fairfax, was killed in action. But the Marquess of Newcastle fled the kingdom, and the Royalists abandoned all hope of retrieving their affairs. The city of York was taken, and nearly the whole of the north would submit to the Parliament. In
4368-453: The capital on the ECML, Leeds Branch Line and the Northallerton–Eaglescliffe Line . LNER stop at York, Northallerton and on to County Durham or spur over to the Tees Valley Line for Thornaby and Middlesbrough . The operator also branch before the county for Leeds and run to Harrogate and Skipton . Grand Central stop at York, Thirsk Northallerton and Eaglescliffe then over to the Durham Coast Line in County Durham. Northern operates
4459-558: The chief command. At York and at Oxford he endeavoured to save the libraries from pillage, and he enriched the Bodleian with some valuable manuscripts. His correspondence was edited by G.W. Johnson and published in 1848–49 in four volumes. The metaphysical poet Andrew Marvell wrote "Upon Appleton House, To My Lord Fairfax", nominally about Fairfax's home, but also his character as well as England during his era. Fairfax married Hon. Anne de Vere , daughter of Horace Vere, 1st Baron Vere of Tilbury and Mary Tracy, on 20 June 1637. They had
4550-407: The city's unemployment rate to 14.5%". Some critics claimed that part of the problem was caused by "over-reliance on the booming tourism industry at the expense of a long-term economic plan". A report in mid June 2020 stated that unemployment had risen 114 per cent over the previous year because of restrictions imposed as a result of the pandemic. Tourism in the county was expected to increase after
4641-423: The collapse of the Royalist cause came a confused period of negotiations between the Parliament and the King, between the King and the Scots, and between the Presbyterians and the Independents in and out of Parliament. In these negotiations the New Model Army soon began to take a most active part. The Lord General was placed in the unpleasant position of intermediary between his own officers and Parliament. In July
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#17327652761024732-451: The combined authority are governed from County Hall , Northallerton . The Tees Valley Combined Authority was formed in 2016 by five unitary authorities ; Middlesbrough , Redcar and Cleveland Borough both of North Yorkshire, Stockton-on-Tees Borough (Uniquely for England, split between North Yorkshire and County Durham ), Hartlepool Borough and Darlington Borough of County Durham. In large areas of North Yorkshire, agriculture
4823-665: The county being situated in the east, it receives below-average rainfall for the UK. Inside North Yorkshire, the upper Dales of the Pennines are one of the wettest parts of England, where in contrast the driest parts of the Vale of Mowbray are some of the driest areas in the UK. Summer temperatures are above average, at 22 °C. Highs can regularly reach up to 28 °C, with over 30 °C reached in heat waves . Winter temperatures are below average, with average lows of 1 °C. Snow and Fog can be expected depending on location. The North York Moors and Pennines have snow lying for an average of between 45 and 75 days per year. Sunshine
4914-559: The county itself, but nearby airports include Teesside International ( Darlington ), Newcastle and Leeds Bradford . The main campus of Teesside University is in Middlesbrough, while York contains the main campuses of the University of York and York St John University . There are also two secondary campuses in the county: CU Scarborough , a campus of Coventry University , and Queen's Campus, Durham University in Thornaby-on-Tees. The county receives terrestrial television from four main transmission towers. Bilsdale Mast transmits in
5005-404: The county was traditionally low in recent years, but the lockdowns and travel restrictions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative effect on the economy during much of 2020 and into 2021. The UK government said in early February 2021 that it was planning "unprecedented levels of support to help businesses [in the UK] survive the crisis". A report published on 1 March 2021 stated that
5096-632: The county's north from near Helmsley in the county; providing BBC North East and Cumbria , ITV Tyne Tees and BBC Radio Tees . Emley Moor Mast transmits in the county's south, between Selby and Northallerton, from West Yorkshire and Oliver's Mount Mast transmits Scarborough and Filey providing BBC Yorkshire , ITV Yorkshire and BBC Radio York . Settle and the county's far west is served by BBC Radio Lancashire , BBC North West and ITV Granada from Winter Hill Mast , Lancashire. Sir Thomas Fairfax Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Lord Fairfax of Cameron (17 January 1612 – 12 November 1671)
5187-415: The east. For local government purposes the county comprises four unitary authority areas— North Yorkshire , Middlesbrough , Redcar and Cleveland , and York —and part of a fifth, Stockton-on-Tees . The local authorities of York and North Yorkshire form a combined authority of the same name, and the local authorities of the other three areas are part of the Tees Valley Combined Authority . The county
5278-424: The economy. The North York Moors and Yorkshire Dales are among England's best known destinations. York is a popular tourist destination. A 2014 report, based on 2012 data, stated that York alone receives 6.9 million visitors annually; they contribute £564 million to the economy and support over 19,000 jobs. In the 2017 Condé Nast Traveller survey of readers, York rated 12th among The 15 Best Cities in
5369-516: The enemy. Honour and conscientiousness were equally the characteristics of his private and public character. But his modesty and distrust of his powers made him less effectual as a statesman than as a soldier, and above all he is placed at a disadvantage by being both in war and peace overshadowed by his associate Cromwell, who was politically talented and able to manipulate public antipathy against Charles to lead to his execution, something Fairfax never wanted. Fairfax, played by actor Dougray Scott ,
5460-458: The events afterwards would prove, to form the nucleus of an army. Fairfax was employed to present a petition to his sovereign, entreating him to listen to the voice of his parliament, and to discontinue the raising of troops. This was at a great meeting of the freeholders and farmers of Yorkshire convened by the king on Heworth Moor near York. Charles attempted to ignore the petition, pressing his horse forward, but Fairfax followed him and placed
5551-404: The existing facilities to improve the pumping capacity. Source for this section comes from the Ordnance Survey Open Source Mapping There are many small streams that feed into the Foss north of York. The main ones are: North to south, to the confluence with the Ouse, these are: North to south, to the confluence with the Ouse, these are: North Yorkshire North Yorkshire
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#17327652761025642-505: The far north east of the county is Roseberry Topping . North Yorkshire contains several major rivers. The River Tees is the most northerly, forming part of the border between North Yorkshire and County Durham in its lower reaches and flowing east through Teesdale before reaching the North Sea near Redcar. The Yorkshire Dales are the source of many of the county's major rivers, including the Aire , Lune , Ribble , Swale , Ure , and Wharfe . The Aire, Swale, and Wharfe are tributaries of
5733-496: The forces raised or to be raised at authority of Parliament within the Commonwealth of England." During the Commonwealth of England in 1654, Fairfax was elected MP for the newly created constituency of West Riding in the First Protectorate Parliament . He received a pension of £5,000 a year, and lived in retirement at his Yorkshire home of Nunappleton until after the death of the Lord Protector in 1658. Nunappleton and Fairfax's retirement there, as well as his personality, are
5824-430: The head of a body of Yorkshire gentlemen, and such was the influence of Fairfax's name and reputation that 1,200 horse quit Lambert's colours and joined him. This was speedily followed by the breaking up of all Lambert's forces, and that day secured the restoration of the monarchy. For these actions, along with his honourable conduct in the civil war, he was spared from the wave of Royalist retributions. In April 1660 Fairfax
5915-500: The king had called him, proved his capacity as commander-in-chief in the decisive Battle of Naseby (14 June 1645). The king fled to Wales . Fairfax besieged Leicester , and was successful at Taunton , Bridgwater and Bristol . The whole of the west was soon reduced. Fairfax arrived in London on 12 November 1645. In his progress towards the capital he was accompanied by applauding crowds. Complimentary speeches and thanks were presented to him by both houses of parliament, along with
6006-543: The modern name Foss Islands). Citizens used the river as a rubbish tip which became a health hazard. The Foss Navigation Act 1793 ( 33 Geo. 3 . c. 99) and the Foss Navigation and Drainage Act 1801 ( 41 Geo. 3. (U.K.) c. cxv) were enacted to make the Foss navigable and saw the end of the King's Pool. The Foss Navigation Company canalised the river from 1778, to make it navigable as far as Sheriff Hutton . The York Drainage and Sanitary Improvement Act 1853 ( 16 & 17 Vict. c. lvi) saw York Corporation purchase
6097-435: The name Fos which became Foss. The responsibility for the management of the river's drainage area is the Foss Internal drainage board (IDB). It has responsibility for the area from Crayke to the pre-1991 city boundary of York covering 9,085 hectares and 162.54 km of waterways. The Foss IDB is part of the York Consortium of Drainage Boards that oversees 10 IDB's in the Yorkshire region. The typical river level range at
6188-513: The person of the King was seized by Cornet Joyce , a subaltern of cavalry—an act which sufficiently demonstrated the hopelessness of controlling the army by its Articles of War . Fairfax was more at home in the field than at the head of a political committee, and, finding events too strong for him and that his officers were rallying around the more radical and politically shrewd Cromwell, he sought to resign his commission as commander-in-chief. He was, however, persuaded to retain it. He thus remained
6279-514: The petition on the pommel of the king's saddle. When the civil war began in 1642, his father, Lord Fairfax, was appointed general of the Parliamentary forces in the north, and Sir Thomas was then made lieutenant-general of the horse under him. Both father and son distinguished themselves in the Yorkshire campaigns. In 1643, a minor battle between Royalists for Charles I and a small group of Roundheads under Fairfax, who were en route from Tadcaster to Leeds , took place at Seacroft . Fairfax
6370-407: The place names could be old Norse. Referring to the etymological dictionary "Etymologisk ordbog", ISBN 82-905-2016-6 deals with the common Danish and Norwegian languages – roots of words and the original meaning. The old Norse word Fos (waterfall) means impetuous. The River Foss was dammed, and even though the elevation to the River Ouse is small, a waterfall was formed. This may have led to
6461-411: The policy of the officers. He was placed at the head of the judges who were to try the King, and attended the preliminary sitting of the court, but absented himself after this. The most likely explanation is that when he saw that they were serious about intending to execute the king he declined to have anything to do with this. In calling over the court, when the crier pronounced the name of Fairfax, it
6552-656: The proceedings of the High Court of Justice. In February 1649 Fairfax was elected Member of Parliament for Cirencester in the Rump Parliament . Anne was later approached to intercede on the King's behalf to prevent his execution. Fairfax's last service as Commander-in-chief was the suppression of the Leveller mutiny at Burford in May 1649. He had given his adhesion to the new order of things, and had been reappointed Lord General, but he merely administered
6643-405: The regions roads, which was also mirrored in road accidents, which totalled 948 in 2020, a drop of 7% on the previous year which had 1,021 accidents. Additionally, miles travelled by all types of vehicle dropped, with cars having the largest drop, LCV and HGV less so, but pedal bicycle usage slightly increased. Post-pandemic health effects included children worrying more about life and whether
6734-755: The remaining lines in the county, including commuter services on the Harrogate Line , Airedale Line and York & Selby Lines, of which the former two are covered by the Metro ticketing area. Remaining branch lines operated by Northern include the Yorkshire Coast Line from Scarborough to Hull, York–Scarborough line via Malton , the Hull to York Line via Selby , the Tees Valley Line from Darlington to Saltburn via Middlesbrough and
6825-752: The restrictions imposed due the pandemic are relaxed. One reason for the expected increase is the airing of All Creatures Great and Small , a TV series about the vet James Herriot , based on a successful series of books; it was largely filmed within the Yorkshire Dales National Park. The show aired in the UK in September 2020 and in the US in early 2021. One source stated that visits to Yorkshire websites had increased significantly by late September 2020. The lockdowns affected traffic volumes across
6916-568: The subject of Andrew Marvell's country house poem, Upon Appleton House . The troubles of the later Commonwealth recalled Lord Fairfax to political activity, and in 1659 he was elected MP for Yorkshire in the Third Protectorate Parliament . For the last time Fairfax's appearance in arms helped to shape the future of the country, when George Monck invited him to assist in the operations about to be undertaken against John Lambert 's army. In December 1659 he appeared at
7007-518: The surrender of Thomas Blagge at Wallingford Castle after a siege conducted by Fairfax. In January 1647, the King was delivered up by the Covenanters to the commissioners of England's parliament. Fairfax met the king beyond Nottingham , accompanying him during the journey to Holdenby , treating him with the utmost consideration in every way. "The general", said Charles, "is a man of honour , and keeps his word which he had pledged to me." With
7098-599: The surrender of which place he approved the execution of the Royalist leaders Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle , holding that these officers had broken their parole . At the same time, Cromwell's great victory of Preston crushed the faction of the Scots Covenanters who had made an engagement with the king, the Engagers . John Milton , in a sonnet written during the siege of Colchester, called upon
7189-573: The titular chief of the army party, and with the greater part of its objects he was in complete, sometimes most active, sympathy. Shortly before the outbreak of the Second Civil War , Fairfax succeeded his father in the barony and in the office of governor of Hull . In the field against the English Royalists in 1648 he displayed his former energy and skill, and his operations culminated in the successful siege of Colchester , after
7280-461: The unemployment rate in North Yorkshire had "risen to the highest level in nearly 5 years – with under 25s often bearing the worst of job losses". York experienced high unemployment during lockdown periods. One analysis (by the York and North Yorkshire Local Enterprise Partnership) predicted in August 2020 that "as many as 13,835 jobs in York will be lost in the scenario considered most likely, taking
7371-520: Was affected by the Beeching cuts in 1965 with the rail-line connecting Whitby to Scarborough axed. It was opened in 1885, closed in 1965 then repurposed and re-opened in 2000. The East Coast Main Line (ECML) bisects the county stopping at Northallerton , Thirsk and York . Passenger service companies in the area are London North Eastern Railway , Northern Rail , TransPennine Express and Grand Central . LNER and Grand Central operate services to
7462-595: Was an English politician, military officer and peer who fought in the English Civil War . An adept and talented commander, Fairfax led the Parliamentarians to several victories, including at the crucial Battle of Naseby , effectively becoming military ruler of England, though he was eventually eclipsed by his subordinate Oliver Cromwell , who was more politically adept and radical in his actions against Charles I of England . Fairfax became dissatisfied with Cromwell's policies and publicly refused to take part in
7553-437: Was built across the river near its mouth at Castle Mills. When closed, it prevents floodwater from the Ouse forcing the flow of the Foss back on itself. When the Ouse reaches 7.4m above ordnance datum, the staff at the barrier are alerted. When the level reaches 7.8m AOD the barrier is lowered after running pumps for several minutes to clear silt and debris from the river bed to make a watertight fit. It takes four minutes to lower
7644-521: Was buried at St James' Church, Bilbrough , near York. Fairfax had a taste for literature . He translated some of the Psalms , and wrote poems on solitude, the Christian warfare, the shortness of life, etc. During the last year or two of his life he wrote two Memorials which have been published—one on the northern actions in which he was engaged in 1642–44, and the other on some events in his tenure of
7735-681: Was elected in May 2024. The geology of North Yorkshire is closely reflected in its landscape. Within the county are the North York Moors and most of the Yorkshire Dales , two of eleven areas in England and Wales to be designated national parks . Between the North York Moors in the east and the Pennine Hills . The highest point is Whernside , on the Cumbrian border, at 2,415 feet (736 m). A distinctive hill to
7826-484: Was first drawn up from the 1950s. The city of York has an independent surrounding belt area affording protections to several outlying settlements such as Haxby and Dunnington, and it too extends into the surrounding districts. North Yorkshire has a temperate oceanic climate , like most of the UK. There are large climate variations within the county. The upper Pennines border on a Subarctic climate. The Vale of Mowbray has an almost Semi-arid climate . Overall, with
7917-459: Was historically part of Yorkshire . The centre of the county contains a wide plain, called the Vale of Mowbray in the north and Vale of York in the south. The North York Moors uplands lie to the east, and south of them the Vale of Pickering is separated from the main plain by the Howardian Hills . Further east, the county has a coastline on the North Sea. The west of the county contains
8008-568: Was nevertheless knighted in January 1641 for his services. The Fairfaxes, father and son, though serving at first under King Charles I , were opposed to the arbitrary prerogative of the Crown , and Sir Thomas declared that "his judgment was for the Parliament as the king and kingdom's great and safest council". Charles endeavoured to raise a guard for his own person at York , intending it, as
8099-458: Was obliged to retreat across Bramham moor , and summed up the Battle of Seacroft Moor as 'the greatest loss we ever received'. Sometimes severely defeated, but more often successful, and always energetic, prudent and resourceful, father and son contrived to keep up the struggle until the crisis of 1644, when York was held by the Marquess of Newcastle against the combined besieging forces of
8190-697: Was re-elected MP for Yorkshire in the Convention Parliament . He was put at the head of the commission appointed by the House of Commons to wait upon Charles II at The Hague and urge his speedy return. His actions assisted the Stuart Restoration . Fairfax provided the horse which Charles rode at his coronation. The remaining eleven years of the life of Lord Fairfax were spent in retirement at his seat in Yorkshire. His wife died in 1665 and Fairfax died at Nun Appleton Priory in 1671. He
8281-451: Was £314,000. In certain communities of North Yorkshire, however, house prices were higher than average for the county, as of early 2021: Harrogate (average value: £376,195), Knaresborough (£375,625), Tadcaster (£314,278), Leyburn (£309,165) and Ripon (£299,998), for example. This is a chart of trend of regional gross value added for North Yorkshire at current basic prices with figures in millions of British pounds sterling. Unemployment in
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