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26-734: Riverqueen was a bay mare with a small white star bred in France by the Head family's Ecurie Aland. She was sired by Luthier , a French horse who won the Prix Jacques Le Marois in 1968 and became a very successful breeding stallion whose other progeny included the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe winner Sagace. Luthier was a representative of the Byerley Turk sire line, unlike more than 95% of modern thoroughbreds, who descend directly from

52-459: A Thoroughbred horse named Birdcatcher , who had similar flecks of white on his flank and tail. Ticking or rabicano involves white flecks of hair at the flank, and white hairs at the base of the tail. The most minimal form can have only striped white frosting at the base of the tail, called a coon tail or skunk tail . Flecks of white on the root of the tail or scattered over the flanks may also be called Birdcatcher ticks . Scarring on

78-550: A maiden race over 1700 metres at Saint-Cloud Racecourse in October 1975. She won in "very promising" style by three lengths from fourteen opponents. Riverqueen began her second season in the Group Three Prix de la Grotte over 1600 metres at Longchamp Racecourse on 11 April and started the 5.4/1 third favourite behind Antrona (winner of the Prix d'Aumale ) and Paint The Town. She was restrained by Freddy Head in

104-434: A base coat, there are other markings or patterns that are used to identify horses as with Appaloosa , Pinto or Brindle , as well as artificial markings such as branding . Facial markings are usually described by shape and location. There may be more than one distinct facial marking and if so, will be named separately. Occasionally, when a white marking extends over an eye, that eye may be blue instead of brown, though this

130-437: A horse usually results in white hairs growing in over the injured area, though occasionally there may be no hair growth over the scar at all. Horses can be uniquely identified by more than just markings or brands. A few other physical characteristics sometimes used to distinguish a horse from another are: Some horse coat colors are distinguished by unique patterns. However, even for horses with coat colors that are arranged in

156-483: A manner unique to each individual horse, these patterns are not called "markings." Some coat colors partially distinguished by unique patterning include: Ivanjica (horse) Ivanjica (3 May 1972 – 1992) was an American-bred, French-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. Amongst her Group One victories were the French 1000 Guineas in 1975 and the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe in 1976. Ivanjica

182-418: A pinching saddle that had been worn over a long period of time. Birdcatcher spots are small white spots, about the size of a dime to the size of a quarter. They have not been linked to any specific breed, but they do tend to run in families. These spots may occur late in a horse's life, or may occur and then disappear. The spots may look like scars, but they are not caused by skin damage. The name comes from

208-487: A trial gallop she started 2/1 second favourite behind Pawneese in the Prix Vermeille at Longchamp on 19 September but ran very poorly, finishing ninth of the ten runners, almost twenty lengths behind the upset winner Lagunette. Freddie Head opted to ride Ivanjica in the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe on 3 October, leaving Robert Jallu to take the ride on Riverqueen. She was never in contention and finished seventeenth of

234-419: Is not consistently seen in all cases. Common facial markings are: Additional terms used to describe facial markings include the following: Leg markings are usually described by the highest point of the horse's leg that is covered by white. As a general rule, the horse's hoof beneath a white marking at the coronary line will also be light-colored ("white"). If a horse has a partial marking or ermine spots at

260-588: The Darley Arabian . Riverqueen's dam Riverside was a high-class racemare who won the Prix de Royallieu in 1969 and a granddaughter of Refreshed, who finished third in the 1000 Guineas and was a half-ister of Festoon . Riverside's half-sister Lorn Lady produced the Prix de Diane winner Lady In Silver. The filly was sent into training with Christian Datessen in France and was ridden in most of her races by Freddie Head . Riverqueen made her racecourse debut in

286-415: The splashed white , dominant white , or sabino alleles . Horses may develop white markings over areas where there was an injury to the animal, either to cover scar tissue from a cut or abrasion, or to reflect harm to the underlying skin or nerves. One common type of scarring that produces patches of white hairs are "saddle marks," which are round or oval marks on either side of the withers , produced by

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312-412: The coronary band, the hoof may be both dark and light, corresponding with the hair coat immediately above. Where the leopard gene is present, the hoof may be striped even if markings are not visible at the coronary band. From tallest to shortest, common leg markings are: Additional terms used to describe white leg markings include: A horse's genes influence whether it will have white markings, though

338-536: The early stages before taking the lead in the straight and winning by two and a half lengths from Kesar Queen (later to win the Coronation Stakes ) with Antrona two lengths back in third. Three weeks later, the filly started 4/5 favourite for the Group One Poule d'Essai des Pouliches over the same court and distance. As in her previous start, she was not among the early leaders, but took the lead in

364-588: The exact genes involved could differ between breeds. Chestnut horses generally have more extensive white markings than bay or black horses. Horses with the W20 allele typically have white face and leg markings. Horses may have isolated body spots that are not large or numerous enough to qualify them as an Appaloosa , Pinto or Paint . Such markings are usually simply called "body spots," sometimes identified by location, i.e. "belly spot," "flank spot," etc. When this type of isolated spotting occurs, it may involve one of

390-498: The filly too much ground to make up in the closing stages. Two weeks later, Riverqueen was matched against older horses for the first time in the 2500 metre Grand Prix de Saint-Cloud, a race which had never been won by a three-year-old filly. Her main rivals in a seven-runner field were Ashmore (runner-up in the race in 1975), Maitland ( Prix Jean de Chaudenay ), the British challengers Quiet Fling ( Coronation Cup ) and Libra's Rib and

416-423: The horse as a unique individual. Markings are present at birth and do not change over the course of the horse's life. Most markings have pink skin underneath most of the white hairs, though a few faint markings may occasionally have white hair with no underlying pink skin. Markings may appear to change slightly when a horse grows or sheds its winter coat, however this difference is simply a factor of hair coat length;

442-534: The opposition as well as the Irish 1000 Guineas winner Sarah Siddons. Pawneese led from the start, whereas Riverqueen was restrained by Head towards the rear of the field, before moving forward early in the straight. She never looked likely to get on terms with Pawneese and was beaten one and half lengths, with the 28/1 outsider Lagunette (later to win the Irish Oaks ) in third. Some observers felt that Head had given

468-511: The second best filly to race in France, two pounds below Pawneese. Despite reports that she would race in 1977, Riverqueen did not race after her poor run in the Arc and was retired to become a broodmare. She produced six winners from seven runners. Her progeny included: Star (horse marking) Markings on horses are usually distinctive white areas on an otherwise dark base coat color . Most horses have some markings, and they help to identify

494-417: The stayer Citoyen. Riverqueen settled in fifth place as Maitland and Citoyen before moving up to dispute the lead with Ashmore in the last 400 metres. She took the advantage in the closing stages and won by half a length from Ashmore, with Tip Moss two lengths back in third place. Riverqueen failed to sustain her form into the autumn. Following reports that she had defeated the four-year-old filly Ivanjica in

520-566: The straight and won by three lengths from Suvannee, a filly who had won the Prix des Réservoirs and finished second to Theia in the Prix Marcel Boussac . On 23 May, Riverqueen started favourite for an exceptionally strong field for the Group One Prix Saint-Alary over 2000 metres at Longchamp. Apart from Suvannee, Antrona and Kesar Queen, the field included the 1000 Guineas winner Flying Water and Theia,

546-466: The top-rated two-year-old French filly of 1975. Riverqueen took the lead from Kesar Queen 300 metres from the finish and held off several challengers in the closing stages to win by three quarters of a length from Theia, with Antrona and Suvannee close behind in third and fourth places. On 20 June, Riverqueen was matched against The Oaks winner Pawneese in the Prix de Diane over 2100 metres at Chantilly Racecourse . Theia and Antrona were again amongst

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572-425: The twenty runners behind Ivanjica. Timeform speculated that the filly may either have been worn out by her earlier campaign or been unsuited by the very soft ground conditions which prevailed that autumn. There was no International Classification of European two-year-olds in 1975: the official handicappers of Britain, Ireland and France compiled separate rankings for horses which competed in those countries. Riverqueen

598-481: The underlying pattern does not change. On a gray horse , markings visible at birth may become hidden as the horse turns white with age, but markings can still be determined by trimming the horse's hair closely, then wetting down the coat to see where there is pink skin and black skin under the hair. Recent studies have examined the genetics behind white markings and have located certain genetic loci that influence their expression . In addition to white markings on

624-580: Was bred by her owner Jacques Wertheimer at Claiborne Farm in Paris, Kentucky . She was sired by Epsom Derby winner Sir Ivor out of the mare Astuce by the important French sire Vieux Manoir . The filly was named for the town of Ivanjica in the Moravica District of Serbia . Ivanjica was trained by Alec Head and ridden by his son Freddy . In 1975 Ivanjica won the French 1000 Guineas but

650-733: Was denied the opportunity to win the French Oaks as the race was cancelled owing to industrial action. In autumn she won the Prix Vermeille and finished third to Youth in the Washington, D.C. International Stakes . In 1976 Ivanjica won the Prix du Prince d'Orange and then capped off her career by giving owner Jacques Wertheimer the first of his two Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe wins. Retired to broodmare service, Ivanjica produced offspring that had limited success in racing. She died in 1992 after producing six foals. Ivanjica had her portrait painted by Andy Warhol . This article about

676-474: Was not given a rating in the French Free Handicap. The independent Timeform organisation, in their annual Racehorses of 1975 felt that there was insufficient data to award Riverqueen a rating but described her as "sure to go on to better things". In 1976 Timeform gave her a rating of 128, three pounds behind their top three-year-old filly Pawneese. In the official French handicap she was ranked

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