Ringbanen ( lit. ' the Ring Line ' ) is an S-train line in Copenhagen . Its route is roughly semicircular, running around the central part of Copenhagen and connecting the S-train radials about 5 km out.
144-398: The ring line started as a freight bypass railway. In 1900 Copenhagen had a central station situated just inside Skt Jørgens Sø , from which railways went towards Roskilde (via Frederiksberg ) and Hellerup (via Nørrebro , not the current station but where Nørrebroparken is now). A connecting line directly from Nørrebro to Frederiksberg was used by transiting freight, in order to relieve
288-402: A UNESCO World Heritage Site , encouraging some 100,000 tourists to visit it each year. The cathedral houses a museum on its upper floor, tracing the building's history. A working church, it also hosts concerts throughout the year. Adjacent to the cathedral is Roskilde Palace , built from 1733 to 1736 on the site of the former residence of the bishops of Roskilde . It was used by members of
432-456: A cold cuts and meat paste producer with over 100 on the payroll. There are a number of research institutes in the city including Risø , promoting sustainable energy, which is now part of The Technical University of Denmark . The research facilities are being extended over an additional 50 ha (120 acres) to cover the clean technology area liable to provide up to 4,000 more jobs. The CAT ( Center for Avanceret Teknologi ) research park
576-609: A proof-of-payment system, so riders must have a valid ticket before entering the station platforms. The system is divided into zones , and the fare structure is integrated with other public transport in Copenhagen, including the buses managed by Movia, local DSB trains and the S-train. The system lies within four different zones. Ticket machines are available at all stations, where special tickets for dogs and bicycles can also be purchased. A two-zone ticket costs DKK 24, and
720-525: A bishopric, giving it high national status. Absalon , the Danish bishop, had a brick church built on the site of Harald's church in 1170. Today's cathedral was completed in 1275 after five of Absalon's successors had contributed to its construction. As a result of Absalon's influence, many other churches were built in the vicinity, making Roskilde the most important town in Zealand. Coins were minted there from
864-538: A bit confusing for visitors familiar with how zones work in London or Berlin. Passengers must specify, on their ticket which sub-zone they wish to travel to. The system is integrated with other public transport in Copenhagen. There is transfer to the S-train at Vanløse, Flintholm and Nørreport, to DSB's local trains at Nørreport, Ørestad and Lufthavnen, and to Copenhagen Airport at Lufthavnen. There are transfers to Movia bus services at all but four stations. The system
1008-482: A collection of tools used by craftsmen such as wheelwrights, carpenters, shoemakers and wood carvers from around 1850 to 1950. A major attraction in the city is the Viking Ship Museum ( Vikingeskibsmuseet ) located alongside Roskilde Fjord . The centrepieces of its collection are the well-preserved remains of five 11th-century Viking ships , excavated from the fjord some 20 km (12 mi) north of
1152-435: A common 7.69-kilometre (4.78 mi) section from Vanløse to Christianshavn , where they split along two lines: M1 follows the Ørestad Line to Vestamager, while M2 follows the Østamager Line to the airport. The metro consists of a total route length of 20.4 km (12.7 mi), and 22 stations, 9 of which are on the section shared by both lines. M1 is 13.9 kilometres (8.6 mi) long and serves 15 stations, while M2
1296-420: A constant level of illumination of the stations at all times. The elevated stations are built in glass, concrete and steel to minimize their visual impact. Outside, there is parking for bicycles, cars, buses and taxis. Access to the trains are blocked by platform screen doors . The system uses 64 driverless electric multiple units built by Hitachi Rail Italy and designed by Giugiaro Design of Italy called
1440-531: A curved gate wing opening onto the Stændertorvet . The four wings are connected by curving galleries. Facing the courtyard, the façade of the main wing has pilasters and a median risalit tipped by a triangular pediment decorated with the royal coat of arms. Roskilde Convent is on the site of the former St Catherine's Priory from the mid-13th century which belonged to the Dominican friars until it
1584-417: A driver and have operated at about a 150-second interval—twice the cycle time of the city's traffic lights. Power would have been provided with overhead wires . Stops were to be located about every 500 m (1,640 ft 5 in) at street level. The articulated trams would have been about 35 m (114 ft 10 in) long and have a capacity for 230 passengers. The light rail model would have used
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#17327723271041728-440: A fifteen-minute headway on the single-service sections, and other nights it is twenty-minutes on all sections of the metro. At all other times, there is a three-minute headway on the common section and a six-minute on the single-service sections. Travel time from Nørreport to Vestamager on M1 is 14 minutes, to the airport on M2 is 15 minutes, and to Vanløse on M1 and M2 is 9 minutes. During rush hour (07:00–10:00 and 15:00–18:00), on
1872-529: A large 'M' and featuring information screens. All stations have a vestibule at below ground level, which has ticket and local information, ticket machines and validators. The stations are built with island platforms and are fully accessible for people with disabilities. The deep-level stations are built as rectangular, open boxes 60 m (196 ft 10 in) long, 20 m (65 ft 7 in) wide and 20 m (65 ft 7 in) deep. The platforms are located 18 m (59 ft 1 in) below
2016-457: A new regional rail transport hub by connecting the metro system to the S-train network, regional trains, and long-distance trains on the current lines and the high speed Copenhagen-Ringsted railway. Once these extensions are complete, Metro expects the daily ridership to triple from its current level of 200,000 riders per weekday to 600,000 riders per weekday in 2030. The planning of the metro
2160-647: A second ring line further east than the M3, and a western extension of the M1 or M2 to Brøndbyøster was also suggested. In 2017, the city of Copenhagen suggested a new M6 line connecting Brønshøj and Refshaleøen via Copenhagen Central Station . In 2018, the government and the city agreed on plans to construct an artificial island, Lynetteholmen north of Refshaleøen, and the city included its plans to link Copenhagen Central Station and Refshaleøen in this discussion. As of January 2018, no further development will be done after
2304-420: A shallow water basin on the square outside the main railway station. They are 5 m (16 ft) in height and together weigh about 24 tons. The jars are the work of the Danish abstract sculptor Peter Brandes (born 1944). They were commissioned by Elsebeth Stryhn of Stryhns Leverpostej, a local meat paste company, and presented to the city in 1998 on the occasion of Roskilde's 1,000th anniversary. Since it
2448-426: A temporary terminus north of Flintholm, where all of the connecting curves had been removed. In 2004 the new large interchange station at Flintholm opened, and from early 2005 the ring line trains could run almost all the way to Ny Ellebjerg . From Flintholm to Vigerslev Allé the ring line tracks occupy the same space as the old freight bypass; between Vigerslev Allé and Ny Ellebjerg new tracks have been built beside
2592-519: A three-zone ticket DKK 36, and tickets are good for 60 minutes. Holders of the Copenhagen Card museum pass ride free of charge, as do up to two children under twelve years of age accompanied by an adult. As of 2012, the metro has fully adapted to the national electronic fare card system Rejsekort . Outside the Central zones, the outer zones are divided into sub-zones and ticketing can be
2736-574: A tramway, a light rail and a rapid transit. In October 1994, the Development Corporation chose a light rapid transit. The tram solution would have been a street tram, without any major infrastructure investments in the city centre, such as a dedicated right-of-way. Through Ørestad it would have had level crossings, except for a grade-separated crossing with the European Route E20 and the Øresund Line . It would have had
2880-423: A wood next to Roskidle Fjord 3 km (2 mi) northwest of the city centre, consists mainly of beech trees. In spring, its hilly slopes are covered with wild flowers, including white, blue and yellow anemones . Chaffinches, nightingales and other songbirds can be heard in the early summer. Also of note is the recently planted wooded area of Hyrdehøj Skov, to the south of the stadium and just north of Route 23 in
3024-590: A workforce of over 50. Rambøll , the international Danish engineering consultancy, has recently concentrated its Zealand operations in Roskilde bringing 60 new jobs to the city. Among the city's smaller companies are GPI (Glim Plastic Industri) established in 1987 producing plastic piping, Roskilde Galvanisering A/S, one of Denmark's leading galvanization companies, and Mathiesen A/S, a wholesaler of office equipment. Vestergaard Company A/S, an American firm which produces de-icing equipment and washing products for
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#17327723271043168-411: Is Maglekilde . The historic centre of the town covers the area around the main streets Skomagergade and Algade including the squares of Stændertorvet and Hestetorvet. Two parks, Byparken and Folkeparken which run down towards the fjord, are immediately north of the old town. Neighbourhoods in the vicinity include Himmelev , Hyrdehøj , Musicon , Sankt Jørgensbjerg and Trekroner . Boserup Skov,
3312-509: Is 14.2 kilometres (8.8 mi) long and serves 16 stations. About 10 km (6.2 miles) of the lines and 9 stations are in tunnel, located at 20 to 30 m (66 to 98 ft) below ground level. The remaining sections are on embankments , viaducts or at ground level. The section from Vanløse to Frederiksberg follows the Frederiksberg Line, a former S-train line which runs on an embankment. From Fasanvej station ,
3456-401: Is 35.6 kilometres (22.1 mi) west of downtown Copenhagen, 25.8 km (16.0 mi) northwest of Køge and 39.8 kilometres (24.7 mi) northeast of Ringsted . The city centre around the cathedral, 1,300 m (4,300 ft) south of the fjord, is about 40 m (130 ft) above sea level. On the slope down to the harbour, there are a number of springs, the most powerful of which
3600-400: Is a 15.5-kilometre (9.63 mi) looping line which serves 17 stations. Including Frederiksberg and Kongens Nytorv which also serve M1 and M2. A full trip around the line takes approximately 29 minutes. The M4 line serves 13 stations, 6 of which are shared with the M3 line. It branches off the M3 line at Østerport in the north and at København H in the south. The southern extension is
3744-519: Is a city 30 km (19 mi) west of Copenhagen on the Danish island of Zealand . With a population of 52,974 (as of 1 January 2024 ), the city is a business and educational centre for the region and the 10th largest city in Denmark. It is governed by the administrative council of Roskilde Municipality . Roskilde has a long history, dating from the pre-Christian Viking Age . Its UNESCO-listed Gothic cathedral , now housing 39 tombs of
3888-468: Is a local history museum, run by the municipalities of Roskilde , Frederikssund and Lejre . The main branch in Roskilde, on the corner of Sankt Olsgade and Sankt Olsstræde, is based in two listed buildings, Sukkerhuset (the Sugar House) and Liebes Gård (Liebe House), a former sugar refinery and merchant's house. The Sugar House was built by a consortium led by Johan Jørgen Holst as a facility for
4032-455: Is a non-profit institution offering vocational training courses in industrial slaughter, retail butchering, sausage making, nutrition and the meat service sector. Training is also offered to kitchen staff, waiters, cooks and bakers. The school employs about 150 teachers and supporting staff. Courses are also available for international students. There is a hostel with accommodation for some 200 students. There are eleven public primary schools in
4176-645: Is a research library serving the students and staff at the university. On the sports front, Roskilde is home to the FC Roskilde football club which play in the Danish 1st Division , the country's second highest league. Their home stadium is Roskilde Idrætspark with a capacity of 6,000. The city's rugby club, Roskilde Vikings RK , forms part of the Vor Frue Idrætsforening which also has facilities for badminton, soccer and gymnastics. Members of
4320-565: Is all that remains of the Romanesque Sankt Laurentii Church, built of travertine in the 13th century. It was torn down after the Reformation leaving only the tower which was built at the beginning of the 16th century and now forms part of the former town hall on Stændertorvet. It contains a museum where archaeological finds from 1998 can be seen. The three huge Roskilde Jars ( Roskildekrukkerne ) stand in
4464-496: Is also becoming a major employer, extending interest in sustainable energy to the clean technology sphere. The local university , founded in 1972, the historic Cathedral School , and the Danish Meat Trade College , established in 1964, are educational institutions of note. Roskilde has a large local hospital which has been expanded and modernized since it was opened in 1855. It is now increasingly active in
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4608-562: Is also home to a small Royal Danish Air Force detachment, maintaining a helicopter based search-and-rescue service covering Zealand and the Baltic Sea . Military passenger services have occasionally used the airport. However, there are now plans to close the military facilities in 2017 or 2018. The principal hospital in Roskilde is Roskilde Sygehus , founded in 1855. It currently has 437 beds for in-patients and several specialist wards, having been continuously modernized and expanded over
4752-563: Is also involved in a scientific co-operation with the Risø Research Centre. Sankt Hans Hospital is a psychiatric hospital located in Roskilde but operated by the Capital Region of Denmark . With a history beginning in 1620, the hospital now has 180 beds and offers specialized treatment in the areas of forensic psychiatry and dual diagnosis . Copenhagen Metro Network map The Circle Line
4896-515: Is also part of the university working mainly in the areas of wind energy and biotechnology . In the public sector, the Accident Investigation Board Denmark has its headquarters in Roskilde. An important component of the city's economy is tourism which currently accounts for DKK 1.2 billion (US$ 200 million) per annum. Provisional figures show an increase of 16.6% in overnight stays for 2014. The cathedral and
5040-465: Is an 18-room inn dated to 1727 in the Svogerslev area, about 2.5 miles to the west of Roskilde's centre. The old town of Roskilde is centred around the main square, Stændertorvet, just south of the cathedral. The original street plan is preserved in nearby Skomagergade, Algade and Hestetorvet although most of the buildings were rebuilt after serious fires in the 18th century. The area is flanked to
5184-524: Is developing the innovative Musicon quarter to the south of the city in an area of 25 ha (62 acres) where a cement factory once stood. Located in the same district as the fairgrounds used for the Roskilde Festival, there are medium-term plans for establishing creative companies and housing for young people in the area. A large rock museum named "Ragnarock" opened in April 2016. Located on
5328-483: Is estimated to carry 240,000 daily passengers, bringing the metro's total daily ridership to 460,000. The M4 was opened on 28 March 2020 when two additional stations were opened in the Nordhavn district. This line running from Copenhagen Central Station (København H) via Østerport to Orientkaj station in Nordhavn, thus sharing six stations with the M3 and featuring two additional Nordhavn stations. The M4 line
5472-558: Is ever further than 300 m (330 yd) from an exit. The outer tunnel diameter is 5.5 m (18 ft 1 in), while the inner diameter is 4.9 m (16 ft 1 in). The tunnels were excavated by the cut-and-cover method, the New Austrian Tunnelling method and by tunnel boring machines (TBM). Along the elevated sections, the tracks run on alternating sections of separate reinforced concrete viaducts and joint embankments made of reinforced earth . M3
5616-622: Is governed by the administrative council of Roskilde Municipality . Following the local elections of November 2013, Joy Mogensen (born 1980), a Social Democrat , was reappointed mayor (first elected mayor in 2011), gaining three additional seats on the council. The council now consists of 13 seats for the Social Democrats, one for the Social Liberal Party , one for the Conservative People's Party , one for
5760-640: Is interchange with the M1 and M2 at Kongens Nytorv . An extension to the Sydhavn district open in June 2024, served by the M4. The addition of this line will relocate the M4's southern terminus from Copenhagen Central Station to Ny Ellebjerg. A northwestern expansion of the City Circle Line was planned, where M4 would have diverted at Nørrebro and run to the suburbs of Brønshøj and Gladsaxe . This project
5904-468: Is owned by Metroselskabet, who is also responsible for building the City Circle Line. The company is owned by Copenhagen Municipality (50.0%), the Ministry of Transport (41.7%) and Frederiksberg Municipality (8.3%). The company is organized with as few employees as possible. Construction and operation is subcontracted through public tenders, while consultants are used for planning. The contract to operate
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6048-473: Is popular with shoppers thanks to its two centrally located pedestrian streets complete with restaurants, cafés, and a variety of shops. The city is home to the FC Roskilde football club which play in the Danish 1st Division , the Roskilde Vikings RK rugby club, and the rowing club, Roskilde Roklub . In the 1970s, the city benefited from the opening of the university and from the completion of
6192-484: Is provided 24/7, making Copenhagen along with New York City and Chicago the only cities in the world to provide 24/7 rapid transit service throughout their city limits. In 2023, the metro carried 120 million passengers. The system is owned by Metroselskabet (The Metro Company), which is owned by the municipalities of Copenhagen and Frederiksberg, and the Ministry of Transport . The M1 and M2 use 34 trains of
6336-728: Is served on the whole loop as M3 and additionally on its eastern (lower) part between Orientkaj and København H as M4 . In 2024 the M4 was extended to København S. The Copenhagen Metro ( Danish : Københavns Metro , pronounced [kʰøpm̩ˈhɑwˀns ˈme̝ːtsʰʁo] ) is a light rapid transit system in Copenhagen , Denmark, serving the municipalities of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg , and Tårnby . The original 20.4-kilometre (12.7 mi) system opened in October 2002, serving nine stations on two lines: M1 and M2 . In 2003 and 2007,
6480-666: The Copenhagen Metro was building. It was decided to let the Frederiksberg-Vanløse line become part of the metro and to extend the S-trains from Hellerup along the now unused freight line south of Flintholm. The Frederiksberg-Vanløse line closed a bit at a time between 1995 and 2001 and reopened as a metro line in 2003. The entire line from Vanløse to Hellerup was closed for a complete track rebuilding for most of 2001 and reopened in early 2002, though only from
6624-524: The DanLink plan moved the rail ferries carrying freight to/from Sweden from Helsingør to Østerport . But the freight line out of Østerport led to Lersøen, so most of the ring line still had active freight traffic. The 1990s, however, saw fundamental change. The decision to build the Øresund bridge meant that freight would soon be absent on the entire freight bypass. At the same time policial determination to use revenue from Ørestad land sales to finance
6768-677: The Danish State Railways . With this stage complete, the 34 trains were delivered for use by the M1 and M2. However, the line caused a heated debate, with several locals organized themselves into the Amager Metro Group. The group argued that the line should have been built underground, citing concerns that it would create noise pollution and a physical barrier in Amager. In April 2008, the Copenhagen Metro won
6912-661: The Hitachi Rail Italy Driverless Metro class and stationed at the Control and Maintenance Center at Vestamager . The trains are 2.65 m (8 ft 8 in) wide and three cars long; their 630 kW (840 hp) power output is supplied by a 750-volt third rail . The metro trains were originally planned to be four cars long, but trains were reduced to three cars per set as a savings measure. Platforms are – although shorter than originally planned – built to accommodate trains with four cars, and
7056-492: The Holbæk Motorway connecting it to Copenhagen. Roskilde has the oldest operational railway station in Denmark, with connections across Zealand as well as with Falster , Lolland , and Jutland . The local airport opened in 1973, mainly serving light aircraft for business use and flight instruction. Among the city's notable citizens are Absalon , the bishop who founded Copenhagen in the 12th century, L. A. Ring ,
7200-547: The Middle Ages , with the support of kings and bishops, it had become one of the most important centres in Scandinavia. Saxo Grammaticus and other early sources associate the name Roskilde (meaning 'Ro's spring') with the legendary King Roar who possibly lived there in the 6th century. According to Adam of Bremen and Saxo Grammaticus, Roskilde was founded in the 980s by Harald Bluetooth . On high ground above
7344-589: The S-train . Many new lines have been discussed. Initially Line M4 was supposed to supplement the circular M3 on the eastern side of the Inner City between Nørrebro station and Copenhagen Central Station . At this time, an extension was suggested from Nørrebro to the northwestern suburbs with a terminus at Husum station . This was abandoned as the City of Copenhagen rejected funding interchange chamber under Nørrebro station necessary for this extension. Instead,
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#17327723271047488-684: The Socialist People's Party , three for the People's Party , nine for the Left Liberal Party and three for the Red–Green Alliance . In the 1890s, 37% of Roskilde's economy was in crafts and manufacturing industry with only 15% in administration and services. By 1984, industry had dropped to 16% while services had risen to 57%. In 2002, services had reached 62%, leaving industry at 15% and trade and transport at 22%. One of
7632-477: The symbolist painter who gained fame in the 1880s, the writer Lise Nørgaard who wrote the popular Danish TV series Matador in 1978 and the rower Thomas Ebert who became an Olympic gold medallist in 2004. Roskilde, which developed as the hub of the Viking land and sea trade routes over a thousand years ago, is one of Denmark's oldest cities. From the 11th century until 1443, it was the capital of Denmark. By
7776-604: The Øresund which later became Copenhagen. By the time of the Danish Reformation in 1536, there were 12 churches and five monasteries in the city. It is unclear when Roskilde became a market town but it was certainly enjoying trading privileges under King Eric II who reigned from 1134 to 1137. These privileges were firmly established when the Roskilde City Council granted market town status to other towns on Zealand on 15 June 1268. By that time, it
7920-548: The 11th to the 14th century. In 1150, Sweyn Grathe built a moat around the city. In 1135 the town was destroyed by the Pomeranian duke Ratibor I . In 1151/2, a religious confraternity was founded for the defence of the town against Wendish pirates. Under the command of Wetheman , it also took part in the Wendish Crusade . The Roskilde bishops owned large areas of land in the region including, from 1186, Havn on
8064-422: The 1620s are from Brix Michgell 's Roskilde workshop. The church was attached to a convent for women of rank until the Reformation . It has been called the "Old" Church of Our Lady since 1907 when a new Church of Our Lady was built to the south of the city. There are two other historic churches in central Roskilde. St Ib's is located below the cathedral plateau near the harbour. Built in travertine around 1100,
8208-453: The 1870s and 1880s, the harbour was extended attracting industrial firms to the area. By the end of the century, there were tobacco factories, iron foundries and machine shops. At the beginning of the 20th century, Roskilde first prospered as a satellite community for Copenhagen but then, as ships increased in size, suffered from the fact that the harbour was too small and Roskilde Fjord too shallow for navigation. Industries began to move out of
8352-443: The 1950s to the present, both as a means of communication and to enhance socialization between people from different cultures and social backgrounds. The Old Church of Our Lady ( Gammel Vor Frue Kirke ) is an 11th-century stone church on the southern outskirts of the old town. It is the only surviving travertine basilica in Denmark with a high central nave opening onto two lower lateral aisles. Its carved altarpiece and pulpit from
8496-511: The 1980s, but thanks to improved connections with Copenhagen and the establishment of the university, it grew steadily to reach 47,117 by 2014 making Roskilde Denmark's tenth largest city. In Roskilde Municipality as of 1 October 2014, 76,545 residents had Danish background, 6,287 were immigrants and 2,006 were second or third generation descendants of immigrants. The most common countries of birth of foreign-born residents of Roskilde Municipality are Turkey, Iraq, Poland and Afghanistan. Roskilde
8640-407: The City Circle Line towards Brønshøj . The first part of this line was intended to be constructed at the same time as the City Circle Line, to avoid a multitude-higher construction cost and long interruptions of operations later. This did not involve a final decision, only an option for future construction. The Herlev/Brønshøj line was ultimately dropped as the City of Copenhagen withdrew its share of
8784-521: The Danish monarchs, was completed in 1275, becoming a focus of religious influence until the Reformation . With the development of the rail network in the 19th century, Roskilde became an important hub for traffic with Copenhagen, and by the end of the century, there were tobacco factories, iron foundries and machine shops. Among the largest private sector employers today are the IT firm BEC (Bankernes EDB Central) and seed company DLF . The Risø research facility
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#17327723271048928-549: The Harbour line, shares the track with the M3 between Copenhagen Central Station and Østerport station (six stations shared). An additional extension to the M4 is under construction: service the southern (Sydhavn) harbour district in Copenhagen. The completed M4 between Orientkaj and Ny Ellebjerg will feature 13 stations. The northern extension, Nordhavn station and Orientkaj station, both begun service on 28 March 2020. The southern extension will add five additional stops to
9072-498: The M1 and M2 lines, as well with three Copenhagen S-train stations. It takes 25 minutes to complete a full lap in either direction. Archaeological and geological surveys started in 2007, preferred bidders were announced in November 2010 and contracts were signed in 2011. Preparations began by moving utilities etc. in 2010, and construction of work sites and stations began in 2011. Drilling of tunnels began in 2013. On 7 January 2011
9216-885: The M1 and M2 lines, but intersect them at Kongens Nytorv and Frederiksberg stations. Before the Cityringen opened, the Metro expected that it would cause its ridership should almost double from its 2016 levels to 116 million annual passengers. A fourth line, M4, will be developed into a separate line between 2020 and 2022, as extensions of the Cityringen to Nordhavn and Sydhavn open. The two-stop three-kilometre (1.9 mi)-long line to Nordhavn opened in March 2020. The extension adds an interchange with Nordhavn S-train station. The five-stop, 4.5 km (2.8 mi), extension to Sydhavn opened in 2024. The Sydhavn line will terminate at Copenhagen South Station where it will create
9360-531: The M3 (Cityringen) there is a three-minute headway. During Thursday through Saturday night (0:00–05:00) on M3 there is a six-minute headway (one direction), while in the weekend it is twelve-minutes (two directions). At all other times, there is a four/five-minute headway. Travel time of the Cityringen M3 is 29 minutes. During Thursday through Saturday night (0:00–05:00) on the M4 there is a twelve minute headway between Osterport and Orientkaj stations, while in
9504-560: The M4 will link up with the S-train and regional train system. The Danish Transport Authority (Trafikstyrelsen) has suggested converting the F-line of the S-train network to metro standard as an M5 line. If the M5 line becomes reality, it will connect with existing lines at Flintholm Station (interchange with M1 and M2), Nørrebro station (interchange with M3), and the future Ny Ellebjerg station (interchange with M4). The fourth line, M4 or
9648-476: The M4, with its southern terminus moving from Copenhagen Central Station to Ny Ellebjerg. This line will service the southern harbour district and is expected to open by 2024. As of 2019, the M1 and M2 has a total of 22 stations. After opening of the City Circle Line, the metro system is featured 3 lines with a total of 37 stations. Upon completion of both extensions of the M4, the system will feature four lines with 44 stations. 8 of these will be interchanges with
9792-509: The Metro was extended to Vanløse and Copenhagen Airport (Lufthavnen) respectively, adding an additional six plus five stations to the network. In 2019, seventeen stations on a wholly underground circle line, the M3 , was added bringing the number of stations to 37. The driverless light metro supplements the larger S-train rapid transit system, and is integrated with local DSB and regional ( Øresundståg ) trains and municipal Movia buses. Through
9936-578: The Ringbanen and the metro network is at Flintholm Station , where they cross out of level at right angles. Trains on the ring line carry service designator F and run from 5:30 to 0:50. In the period between about 7.00 and 19.00 on Monday to Friday, there is one stopping train every 5 minutes. Outside this period, there is one stopping train every 10 minutes. Download coordinates as: Roskilde Roskilde ( / ˈ r ɒ s k ɪ l ə / ROSK -il-ə , Danish: [ˈʁʌskilə] )
10080-496: The Romanesque building was once richly decorated in frescos, remains of which can be seen on the rear wall. It is no longer a functioning church. St Jørgensbjerg Church stands on a little hill to the northwest of the old town, overlooking the fjord. With a nave and chancel in travertine dating from c. 1080, it is Denmark's oldest preserved stone building. It features a carved pulpit from 1616. The Sankt Laurentii Church Tower
10224-480: The S-train service from Solbjerg to Vanløse was terminated, and work commenced to rebuild the section to metro. The last section of tunnel was completed in February 2001. In March 2001, Copenhagen County Council decided to start construction of stage 3. On 6 November 2001, the first train operated through a tunnel section. On 28 November, laying of tracks along stage 1, and stage 2A from Nørreport to Frederiksberg,
10368-491: The Viking Ship Museum attract more than 100,000 visitors per year although 20 years ago there were some 200,000 visits to the cathedral. The city is also popular with shoppers, having received Denmark's Best Shopping City Award in 2012. In addition to a wide variety of shops and restaurants along its two downtown pedestrian streets, Algade and Skomagergade, Roskilde's shopping centre RO's Torv on Københavnsvej to
10512-427: The automatic doors can be modified accordingly should the need arise. Operation of the system is subcontracted to a private company. For the history of service, this has been Metro Service A/S . Trains run continually, twenty-four hours a day, with the headway varying from two to four minutes in daytime, with longer intervals (up to twenty minutes) during the night. Planning of the Metro started in 1992 as part of
10656-495: The aviation industry, has offices in Roskilde. The new city district of Musicon has already attracted 29 businesses in the area of culture and the creative arts, providing over 1,000 jobs. Several food industries have their headquarters or production facilities in Roskilde, including: Chr. Hansen A/S , producing cultures for the dairy industry, DanÆg, eggs, the Scandinavian Pizza Company, and Stryhns,
10800-573: The award at MetroRail 2008 for the world's best metro. The jury noted the system's high regularity, safety and passenger satisfaction, as well as the efficient transport to the airport. During 2008, the metro experienced a 16% passenger growth to 44 million passengers per year. Several parties agreed in September 2008 not to fund a northwest expansion of the metro. Initially, the system operated trains from 01:00 to 05:00 only on Thursdays to Saturdays, but, starting on 19 March 2009, night service
10944-530: The central station moved. In order to connect the new electric trains to the Frederikssund line it was decided that trains would stop (and reverse) at Vanløse between Frederiksberg and Godthåbsvej. A third connecting curve at Flintholm was built to allow direct running from Vanløse towards Hellerup, and the first S-train service began in 1934 with the route: In 1936 Fuglebakken station between Godthåbsvej and Nørrebro opened, and around 1940 Vanløse station
11088-418: The central station which had been pushing its capacity limit for decades. Apart from capacity problem, the lines through Frederiksberg and Nørrebro had many level crossings, to the increasing irritation of motorists as their number and the number and trains both grew. These problems were solved for passenger trains by the new (current) central station opened in 1911 and its underground connection to Østerport
11232-401: The city center beforehand. The Danish Transport Authority (Trafikstyrelsen) has suggested converting the Ringbanen to metro standard as line M5, but this plan is dependent on the construction of a southern extension of the Copenhagen Metro from Copenhagen Central Station through Sydhavn to Ny Ellebjerg , where the M4 would link up with the Ringbanen. The only current interchange between
11376-526: The city centre and west to Vanløse, M1 and M2 share a common line. To the southeast, the system serves Amager , with the 13.9-kilometre (8.6 mi) M1 running through the new neighborhood of Ørestad , and the 14.2-kilometre (8.8 mi) M2 serving the eastern neighborhoods and Copenhagen Airport . The M3 is a circle line connecting Copenhagen Central Station with Vesterbro , Frederiksberg , Nørrebro , Østerbro and Indre By districts. The metro has 44 stations , 30 of which are underground. Service
11520-593: The city in the late 1960s. The ships were scuttled there in the 11th century to block a navigation channel, protecting the city, then the Danish capital, from seaborne assault. The five Viking ships represent several distinct classes, such as the Longship and Warship, and smaller fishing and ferry boats. The ships on display range from 10 feet (3 m) to 50 feet (15 m) in length. The museum also undertakes research in experimental archaeology centred on Viking shipbuilding and seaworthiness. The boatyard, which also forms part of
11664-574: The city preferred the M4 to branch at Østerport station to facilitate development of the Nordhavn harbour area. The "M5"-label appears to having been reserved for a potential future conversion of Line F of the Copenhagen S-train to metro standard. In 2011, the City of Copenhagen suggested two additional lines M6 and M7, the M6 linking the northwestern suburbs and central Amager and the M7 forming
11808-649: The city to the capital in the east. The main airport for Roskilde is Copenhagen Airport which can be reached in about 40 minutes by train. Since April 1973, there has also been the small local Roskilde Airport , serving light aircraft for training, taxi, and flight instruction. There are plans to expand it for use by larger aircraft, possibly including discount international flights. The plans were approved, but lack of commitment from any carriers has postponed progress. The airport currently handles up to 100,000 operations (flights) per year, most of which are light aircraft operations associated with school flights. The airport
11952-545: The city was wrong to grant Metroselskabet permission for 24-hour work days and noise levels of up to 78 db at the Marmorkirken site. This forced construction to stop work at 6PM until a final ruling was made, thus delaying the completion date. The City Circle Line is serviced by lines M3 and M4. The M3 opened by 29 September 2019, and its trains operate on the entire circle in either direction. The M3 has transfers to M1 and M2 at Frederiksberg and Kongens Nytorv . The line
12096-402: The completion of the high-speed Copenhagen - Ringsted Line in 2019. The M4 line of the Copenhagen Metro will also terminate here upon completion in 2024, it is also planned for the station to be renamed to "København Syd" (Copenhagen South) in 2024, indicating its new importance as an interchange between InterCity trains, and the local Metro and S-train systems, reducing the need to travel into
12240-524: The construction of the Harbour line, or Line M4 between Ny Ellebjerg station and Orientkaj in the Nordhavn area, except for a few more stations northeast of Orientkaj. In September 2011, the city of Copenhagen and neighbouring Malmö in Sweden announced that they were seeking European Union funding to study a potential metro line under the Øresund to the neighbourhood of Malmö Central Station , providing faster trips and additional capacity beyond that of
12384-494: The corners were banked. The Danish Grand Prix for Formula Two cars was held at the circuit every year from 1960 to 1968. The last meeting was held on the 22nd of September 1968, and the site is now a park. Roskilde is served by the Roskilde railway station . Its four platforms and seven tracks serve as a central hub connecting western and southern Zealand, the islands of Falster and Lolland, and Jutland to Copenhagen. Also within
12528-636: The cost of the Nørrebro branch chamber in its 2009 budget, and the state refused to continue the project. Any branch to the Herlev / Brønshøj region would now require a shutdown of the City Circle Line for an extended period of time. In March 2007, a proposal to establish a station at Valby , where the Carlsberg Group is planning an urban redevelopment, was scrapped. The proposal would have increased construction costs by DKK 900 million and
12672-419: The east beyond the ring road, the district of Trekroner is in full development, expected to attain some 3,500 houses in the coming years. One of the most exclusive residential districts of the city, Sankt Jørgensbjerg , covers the hilly area to the northwest, bordered by the fjord. Initially a fishing village dating back to the Viking era, it became part of Roskilde in 1938. Finally, Roskilde Municipality
12816-538: The east of the city houses 70 stores under one roof. One of the oldest restaurants in Roskilde is the Raadhuskælderen , in a building dated to 1430, noted for its salmon steak with tartar sauce and grilled chicken and cream sauce dishes. Also of note is La Brasserie on Algade, the Gimle Musikcafe on Ringstedgade, which is an English-style pub-restaurant with live music, and Restaurant Toppen at
12960-738: The effects of the Dano-Swedish War which terminated with the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658, the plague in 1710 and 1711, and a series of fires in 1730. Conditions improved in 1835 when the city became the Assembly of the Estates of the Realm ( Rådgivende Stænderforsamling ) and in 1847 with the railway connecting Copenhagen and Roskilde. With the development of the rail network, Roskilde became an important hub for traffic with Copenhagen. In
13104-712: The entire building complex to Roskilde Municipality. In 1908, the Sugar House came into use as a fire station. Roskilde Local History Museum was founded on 12 November 1929 on the ground floor of the Liebe House. When the fire station moved to new premises in 1989, Roskilde Museum took over the Sugar House. The museum has exhibits from prehistory, through the Viking Era and the Middle Ages to modern times. The Museum of Tools , housed in separate premises, contains
13248-498: The existing Øresund Bridge . The study, for which the EU granted funding in the following December, will consider both a simple shuttle between the two stations and a continuous line integrated with the local transport networks on each side, and they anticipate a travel time of 15 minutes between the two city centers. Work on the study is expected to continue until 2020. The metro consists of four lines, M1, M2, M3 and M4. M1 and M2 share
13392-478: The freight bypass was being built, plans to move some of the local trains around Copenhagen to electric operations were being laid. The independent municipality of Frederiksberg succeeded in getting the first electric trains to be the line to Frederiksberg, in part because it had contributed financially to the freight bypass and not gotten much passenger service out of it, in part by referring to promises made to when Frederiksberg lost mainline rail service in 1911 when
13536-492: The freight tracks which are still in use for freight to and from the Øresund bridge , bypassing the central station. The southern terminus at Ny Ellebjerg opened quietly on 16 November 2006, a few months in advance of the official opening on 6 January 2007. Originally it had been planned that there would be platforms at the Øresund bypass tracks in addition to the S-train platforms, although these platforms were only built later in 2013, and only began to see more frequent use upon
13680-430: The harbour area but were still the largest source of employment, thanks in part to the spirits factory ( De Danske Spritfabrikker ) and the slaughterhouse ( Roskilde Andelssvineslagteri ). In the 1970s, the city benefited from the Holbæk Motorway which linked it to Copenhagen and the establishment of Roskilde University in 1972. Since the 1980s, the service sector has prospered, replacing manufacturing industry as
13824-607: The harbour, he built a wooden church consecrated to the Holy Trinity as well as a royal residence nearby. Although no traces of these buildings have been discovered, in 1997 archaeologists found the remains of Viking ships in the Isefjord , the oldest of which is dated to 1030. At the time, there were also two churches in the area: St Jørgensbjerg , an early stone church, and a wooden church discovered under today's St Ib's Church . In 1020, King Canute elevated Roskilde to
13968-433: The highest passenger capacity, the lowest visual and noise impact, and the lowest number of accidents. Despite requiring the highest investment, it had the highest net present value . The decision to build stage 2, from Nørreport to Vanløse, and stage 3, to the airport, was taken by Parliament on 21 December 1994. Stage 2 involved the establishment of the company Frederiksbergbaneselskabet I/S in February 1995, owned 70% by
14112-453: The large shunting yard Lersøen between the present Ryparken and Bispebjerg stations, and at Vigerslev (present-day Danshøj ) joined the approaches to the freight yard. At Flintholm there were connecting curves from north and south towards Frederiksberg (which in those days was an important freight destination), and at Vigerslev a double-track triangle junction allowed trains going to the freight yard or directly towards Roskilde. Initially
14256-491: The largest employers in Roskilde is BEC (Bankernes EDB Central) who provide IT services to the financial sector. In July 2014, Novo A/S acquired Sonion, producing micro-acoustical components for hearing aids. Top-Toy A/S with up to 200 employees is a major Scandinavian toy importer and retailer based in Tune near Roskilde Airport . DLF-Trifolium A/S , a seed producer for the farming sector, has its headquarters in Roskilde with
14400-621: The line runs underground, and continues this way through the city center. After Christianshavn, the line splits in two. M1 reaches ground level at Islands Brygge, and continues on a viaduct through the Vestamager area. M2 continues in tunnel until after Lergravsparken, where it starts to follow the former Amager Line. The tunnels consist of two parallel tunnels; that run through stable limestone at about 30 m (98 ft) depth, but are elevated slightly at each station. There are emergency exits every 600 m (660 yd), so that no train
14544-422: The major employer (65% by 2002). With the increase in population, several new districts have grown up, including Himmelev and Kongebakken. Some of the surrounding villages such as Svogerslev , Vor Frue, Vindinge and Veddelev have developed as satellite communities. Roskilde is located in north-central Zealand at the south end of Roskilde Fjord which is itself the south branch of the Isefjord . By road, it
14688-487: The municipality is the Trekroner station, serving Roskilde University and the developing residential areas to the east of Roskilde. Roskilde Station is the oldest railway station in Denmark still in operation and the first to be built of stone. The first train arrived from Copenhagen on 26 June 1847. The principal road running through Roskilde is Danish national road 21 , better known as Holbæk Motorway, which connects
14832-434: The municipality split up between eleven school districts. Six gymnasiums (including Roskilde Cathedral School and Roskilde Gymnasium ) offer Upper Secondary School Exit Examinations, Higher Preparatory Examinations , Higher Commercial Examination Programme and Higher Technical Examination Programme . There are many adult education, technical and trade schools in addition to the gymnasiums. Roskilde University Library (RUB)
14976-577: The museum, safeguards the Viking boat-building tradition by building and exhibiting full-scale ships on site. On April 29, 2016, the Ragnarock museum for pop, rock and ungdomskultur (youth culture) in Roskilde was inaugurated by Frederik, Crown Prince of Denmark . The 3,100 square-meter museum, designed by the Dutch architectural firm MVRDV and by the Danish architecture firm COBE Architects , presents and disseminates youth culture and rock music from
15120-496: The new project called Cityringen started with the signing of new contracts by Metroselskabet, with Ansaldo Breda and Ansaldo Sts (Finmeccanica Group) for the supply of trains and control systems and with an Italian joint-venture led by Salin Construttori (about 60%) and Tecnimont (about 40%) with Seli as third partner for the construction part. In July 2013, Natur- og Miljøklagenævnet, the environmental appeals board, ruled that
15264-421: The newest in the system and opened on 22 June 2024. The system operates 24/7 with a varying headway throughout the day. During rush hour (07:00–10:00 and 15:00–18:00), there is a two-minute headway on the common section and a four-minute headway on the single-service sections. During Thursday through Saturday night (0:00–05:00) on the M1 and M2 lines there is a seven/eight-minute headway on the common section and
15408-431: The north by two large parks, Byparken and Folkeparken, which stretch down to Roskilde Fjord. The old town is bordered to the south by the railway and main station, beyond which there are commercial buildings and apartment blocks. The residential areas of Himmelev and Veddelev to the east and north of the city have grown up around former villages. More recently, with the establishment of Roskilde University even further to
15552-416: The north still had to use the old lines Hellerup-Nørrebro-Frederiksberg-Vigerslev to get to the freight yard's approaches. Instead of trying to separate the old line from road traffic it was decided to build an all new grade-separated freight bypass a bit farther out from the city, which is what eventually became today's Ringbane. The new freight bypass opened in 1930. It diverged from the old Hellerup line at
15696-435: The only passenger station was Lyngbyvej (now Ryparken ), Nørrebro (500 m NW of its old position) and Godthåbsvej (now Grøndal ). Here the modest passenger service between Frederiksberg and Hellerup called; the trains went directly from Frederiksberg to Godthåbsvej through the connecting curve at Flintholm. Flintholm itself had no passenger service until much later, and there was no passenger service south of Flintholm. While
15840-481: The opening needed to be adapted to her calendar. This caused four days without a bus service along the line. Stage 2B, from Frederiksberg to Vanløse, opened on 12 October. Forum Station was nominated for the European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture in 2005. On 2 December 2005, the final agreement to build the City Circle Line was made between the local and national governments. The price
15984-521: The processing of raw sugar from the Danish West Indies . Jacob Borch constructed Liebe House in 1804 on the site next to the sugar factory. It replaced a modest house with timber framing and a straw roof dating from the 17th century. The building takes its name from the Liebe family who owned the property for two generations later in the century. On the occasion of his death in 1900, Liebe left
16128-479: The redevelopment plans for Ørestad with construction starting in 1996, and stage 1, from Nørreport to Vestamager and Lergravsparken , opened in 2002. Stage 2, from Nørreport to Vanløse , opened in 2003, followed by stage 3, from Lergravsparken to Lufthavnen , in 2007. The City Circle Line (Danish: Cityringen) is an entirely underground 15.5 km (9.6 mi) loop through central Copenhagen and Frederiksberg with 17 stops. It does not share any track with
16272-409: The research sphere. The Sankt Hans psychiatric hospital serves the Capital Region with specialized facilities for forensic psychiatry . The cathedral and the Viking Ship Museum , which contains the well-preserved remains of five 11th-century ships, attract more than 100,000 visitors annually. In addition to its internationally recognized tourist attractions and its annual rock festival , Roskilde
16416-708: The rowing club, Roskilde Roklub , have distinguished themselves at the Olympic Games and other recent championships. The Roskilde Congress & Sports Centre provides facilities for sporting events accommodating up to 3,500 spectators. It is home to the Roskilde Handball Club. In 1955 a motor racing circuit called the Roskilde Ring was built in an abandoned gravel quarry. The circuit was just 670 metres in length, being extended to 1.38 km in 1957. The circuit had no straight and all of
16560-589: The royal family when they were in the city or attended funerals. Today it houses the Museum of Contemporary Art. During the English siege of Copenhagen in 1807, the mansion served as headquarters of General Wellesley , the future Duke of Wellington. Built in the Baroque style with yellow-rendered masonry and red tile roofing, the four-winged complex consists of a two-storey main wing, two one-storey lateral wings and
16704-418: The same approach as the tram in Ørestad, but would instead have run through a tunnel in the city centre. The tunnel sections would be shorter, but the diameter larger because it would have to accommodate overhead wires. The system would have the same frequency as the tram, but use double trams and would therefore require larger stations. The metro solution was chosen because it combined the highest average speeds,
16848-507: The site of a 10th-century wooden church, the cathedral was built in the 12th and 13th centuries when the Romanesque style was influenced by Gothic trends from northern France. It was the first Gothic cathedral in Scandinavia to be built of brick, resulting in the spread of this style throughout northern Europe . With its 39 royal tombs, the cathedral is to this day the burial site for Danish monarchs . Since 1995, it has been listed as
16992-704: The site of regionally popular agricultural and animal exhibitions, and large flea markets. Roskilde University (Danish: Roskilde Universitet, RUC ) was founded in 1972. The university is on the eastern outskirts of Roskilde, in the Trekroner district (named after a signalman's cabin on the Roskilde-Copenhagen line). RUC hosts students from around the world. Roskilde University has on-campus dormitory style housing and apartments but many students commute from Copenhagen. In 2013, there were about 7,600 students, 630 teaching staff and 380 technical and administrative personnel. Designed by Preben Hansen (1908–1989),
17136-556: The southern outskirts of Roskilde. As early as 1070, Adam von Bremen referred to Roskilde as "Zealand's largest town". At the time of the Reformation in 1536, it had some 6,000 inhabitants but as a result of war, fire and disease, by 1753 its population had dropped to only 1,550. By the 1860s, it had grown to around 5,000 and by the 1900s to some 9,000. Thereafter it increased appreciably until 1970 when there were almost 45,000 inhabitants. The population dipped slightly to 40,000 in
17280-414: The station built bottom-up), and the first part of construction was building a water-tight wall on all sides. There are glass pyramids on the roof of the stations permitting daylight to enter. Inside the pyramids, there are prisms reflecting and splitting the light, sometimes resulting in rainbows on the walls. The light in the stations is automatically regulated to make best use of the daylight and maintain
17424-413: The surface. Access to the surface is reached via escalators and elevators. The design allows the stations to be located below streets and squares, allowing the stations to be built without expropriation . Access to the track is blocked by platform screen doors . The underground stations on M1 and M2 were built as cut-and-cover from the top down (except Christianshavn, which was excavated as a large hole and
17568-422: The system the first five years. COMET was a single-purpose consortium composed of Astaldi , Bachy , SAE , Ilbau , NCC Rasmussen & Schiøtz Anlæg and Tarmac Construction . Construction started in November 1996, with the moving of underground pipes and wires around the station areas. In August 1997, work started at the depot, and in September, COMET started the first mainline work. In October and November,
17712-570: The system was made with Ansaldo STS , who has subcontracted it to Metro Service, a joint venture between them and Azienda Trasporti Milanesi (ATM), the public transport company of the city of Milan , Italy. The company has 285 employees, the majority of whom work as stewards. There are 37 stations on the network. Of the initial 22 stations on lines M1 and M2, nine are underground and six of these are deep-level. They were all designed by KHR Arkitekter , who created open stations with daylight. Stations have an information column in front, marked with
17856-450: The system was subcontracted to Ansaldo, who again subcontracted it to Metro Service, a subsidiary of Serco . The contract had a duration of five years, with an option for extension for another three. Trial runs on stage 2A began on 24 February 2003 and opened on 29 May. All changes to bus and train schedules in Copenhagen took place on 25 May, but to allow Queen Margrethe II to open the line,
18000-537: The top of an 84 metres (276 ft) water tower, built in 1961, with fine views of the town. The 76-room Hotel Prindsen has foundations which date to 1695. It has been a hotel for over 100 years and is decorated in the Nordic style with wooden floors and contains the large luxury Hans Christian Andersen suite. Scandic Hotel Roskilde is a 98-room chain-run hotel established in 1989, with a restaurant serving Danish and international cuisine. The thatched-roof Svogerslev Kro
18144-509: The two tunnel boring machines (TBM), christened Liva and Betty, were delivered. They started boring each barrel of the tunnel from Islands Brygge in February 1998. The same month, the Public Transport Authority gave the necessary permits to operate a driverless metro. The section between Fasanvej and Frederiksberg is a former S-train line, and was last operated as such on 20 June 1998. The first section of tunnel
18288-412: The university buildings were first brought into use in 1972. Founded around 1020 to educate priests for the cathedral, Roskilde Cathedral School is possibly the oldest school in Denmark. Initially located close to the cathedral, it moved into larger premises in 1969 to accommodate an increasing number of pupils (currently over 1,300). The Danish Meat Trade College ( Slagteriskolen ), founded in 1964,
18432-426: The weekend it is a ten minute headway between Kobenhavn H Central Station and Orientkaj Station. At all other times, there is a six/ten-minute headway. Travel time of the M4 is 12 minutes (only 3 minutes late night between Osterport and Orientkaj stations). In 2009, the metro transported 50 million passengers, or 137,000 per day; by 2013, the metro's ridership increased to 55 million. The metro operates with
18576-451: The years. Recently physics facilities have been established in medical and hematological outpatient units, while in 2010 the cardiology laboratory was expanded for CAG / PCI . In addition, in 2011 a haematological and a urological ward were modernized and re-equipped. The hospital works in conjunction with Roskilde University in biomedical research, health services research, research assignments, direct research and pharmaceutical biology. It
18720-561: The Ørestad Development Corporation and 30% by Frederiksberg Municipality. The third stage would be built by Østamagerbaneselskabet I/S, established in September 1995 and owned 55% by the Ørestad Development Corporation and 45% by Copenhagen County . In October 1996, a contract was signed with the Copenhagen Metro Construction Group (COMET) for building the lines (Civil Works), and with Ansaldo STS for delivery of technological systems and trains, and to operate
18864-491: Was abandoned, as the interchange chamber between any such line and the City Circle Line was scrapped as part of the City of Copenhagen's 2009 budget. In subsequent plans, the northern extension of the M4 was instead relocated as a Nordhavn branch which connects with the City Circle Line at Østerport . The Nordhavn extension with two stations opened on 28 March 2020. The southern extension of the M4 will run from Copenhagen Central Station through Sydhavn to Ny Ellebjerg , where
19008-553: Was completed in September 1998, and the TBMs moved to Havnegade. By December 1998, work had started on the initial nine stations. Plans for M2 were presented to the public in April 1999, with a debate emerging if the proposed elevated solution was the best. In May, the first trains were delivered, and trial runs began at the depot. In December, the tunnels were completed to Strandlodsvej, and the TBMs were moved to Havnegade, where they started to grind towards Frederiksberg. From 1 January 2000,
19152-421: Was completed. An agreement about financing stage 3 was reached on 12 April. By 22 May, the 18 delivered trains had test-run 100,000 km (62,000 miles). The section from Nørreport to Lergravsparken and Vestamager was opened on 19 October 2002. Initially, the system had a 12-minute headway on each of the two services. From 3 December this was reduced to 9 minutes, and from 19 December to 6 minutes. Operation of
19296-419: Was deemed not economical. The increased cost was, in part, due to an extra TBM being needed to complete the project on time. The City Circle Line was passed by parliament on 1 June 2007, with only the Red–Green Alliance voting in disfavor. The 4.5 km (2.8-mile) stage 3 opened on 28 September 2007, from Lergravsparken to the airport. It followed, for the most part, the route of the former Amager Line of
19440-494: Was delayed because of a procedural error by Metroselskabet, who failed to pre-qualify DSB Metro. An expansion of the metro, the City Circle Line, is current and opened on 29 September 2019. Independent of the existing system, it circles the city centre and connects the areas of Østerbro , Nørrebro and Vesterbro to Frederiksberg and Indre By . The line is 15.5 km (9.6 miles) long and runs entirely in tunnel. The circle has 17 stations, two of which are interchanges with both
19584-495: Was dissolved after the Danish Reformation . A private manor house ( Sortebrødregaard or Blackfriars Manor) was built on the site in 1565 which in 1699 became a convent for women of high rank, the first of its kind in Lutheran Denmark. The building now houses a collection of 150 paintings from the 16th to 18th centuries as well as period furniture. The convent chapel has a carved altarpiece and pulpit. Roskilde Museum
19728-402: Was estimated at 11.5 to 18.3 billion Danish krone (DKK), of which DKK 5.4 billion will be financed though ticket sales, and the remaining from the state and municipalities. In 2006, it was announced that the contract with Ansaldo to operate the metro had been prolonged another three years. However, the subcontract between Ansaldo and Serco Group was not extended, and the contract
19872-531: Was extended to the rest of the week. This caused a logistical challenge, because Metro Service used the nights for maintenance. The routes were therefore set up in such a way that the system could be operated on only a single track, leaving the other free for work. In May 2009, six companies were pre-qualified to bid for the public service obligation to operate the metro. These were Serco-NedRailways , Ansaldo STS , Arriva , S-Bahn Hamburg , Keolis and DSB Metro—a joint venture between DSB and RATP . The process
20016-413: Was finished in 1921 (after delays due to World War I ). The new station and its approaches let trains reach the station from north or west without any level crossings at all, and the new station was so voluminous that it did not begin to have capacity trouble until about 1990. A new large central freight yard south of the current central station had been opened in 1901, but to reach it, freight trains from
20160-520: Was first held in 1971, the Roskilde Festival , a rock music festival, has been held annually on the fairgrounds south of the city centre. It has grown to become one of the biggest music festivals in Scandinavia, with a turnout of around 80,000 every year. It features a diverse selection of music, including rock, metal, hip-hop, electronica, dance, and world music. All profits from the festival are donated to charities. The fairgrounds are also
20304-401: Was instead given to Azienda Trasporti Milanesi in joint venture with Ansaldo; they took over operations from October 2007. The Ørestad Development Corporation was discontinued in 2007, and the ownership of the metro was transferred to Metroselskabet I/S. In January 2007, the city council decided that a branch was to be built during construction at Nørrebro, to allow a future branch line from
20448-421: Was probably the largest and most important town in Denmark. In 1370, the city owned 2,600 farms throughout Zealand. The Reformation brought Roskilde's development to an abrupt stop. While the cathedral continued to be the preferred location for the entombment of the Danish monarchs, most of the other religious institutions disappeared. For the next three centuries, the city suffered a series of disasters including
20592-644: Was rebuilt completely as part of the electrification of the Frederikssund line , but this did not significantly affect operations on the Frederiksberg line. Not much changed for the next 45 years. Ryparken station was rebuilt in connection with the Hareskovbanen reconstruction in the mid-1970s. In 1986 the two new stations Solbjerg (now Fasanvej ) and Lindevang between Frederiksberg and Vanløse were opened. About this time rail freight to and from points north of Hellerup dwindled to almost nothing as
20736-522: Was spurred by the development of the Ørestad area of Copenhagen. The principle of building a rail transit was passed by the Parliament of Denmark on 24 June 1992, with the Ørestad Act . The responsibility for developing the area, as well as building and operating the metro, was given to the Ørestad Development Corporation , a joint venture between Copenhagen Municipality (45%) and the Ministry of Finance (55%). Initially, three modes were considered:
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