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45-610: [REDACTED] Emir's palace Ringim Ringim emirate is the emirate council in Jigawa State Nigeria , its headquarter is in the Ringim town . Ringim emirate was created in November 1991 as a result of the creation of Jigawa State on 27 August 1991. The Emir of Ringim is Sayyadi Abubakar Mahmoud Usman since the establishment of the emirate until now. The local governments under

90-482: A dependency ratio of almost 1; meaning that there is almost one dependent to every economically active person in the population. Average household size was about 6.7 almost all of which were headed by males. About 60% of household heads were self-employed with agriculture as their main occupation, and nearly 67% of these households were monogamous families. The overall literacy rate was about 37% in 2002 (22 percent for women and 51 percent for men). School enrolment ratio

135-528: A candidate must receive the plurality of the vote and over 25% of the vote in at least two -third of the State local government Areas. If no candidate passes threshold, a second round will be held between the top candidate and the next candidate to have received a plurality of votes in the highest number of local government Areas. There are two major religions in Jigawa state, they are Islam and Christianity but

180-512: A result, tensions between farmers and nomadic Fulani herdsmen over arable land have turned violent in recent years . Jigawa State is one of thirty-six states that constitute the Federal Republic of Nigeria. It is situated in the northwestern part of the country between latitudes 11.00°N to 13.00°N and longitudes 8.00°E to 10.15°E. Borders Kano State for 355 km (221 miles) and Katsina State for 164 km (102 miles) to

225-421: A unicameral legislature. The state legislature has 30 elected members each representing one of the state constituencies. To complete the state governance structure, there is an independent state judiciary as the third arm of government. The State Government administrative apparatus is organized into ministries, extra-ministerial departments and parastatals, which are located across the three senatorial districts in

270-404: A yearly average temperature of 31.23 °C (88.21 °F) and it is 1.77% higher than Nigeria's averages. The state has a total land area of approximately 22,410 square kilometres. Its topography is characterized by undulating land, with sand dunes of various sizes spanning several kilometres in parts of the State. The southern part of Jigawa comprises the basement complex while the northeast

315-557: Is Dutse . Jigawa state has 27 local governments. The eighth largest state by population, residents of Jigawa State are predominantly of Hausa or Fulani background. The vast majority of the residents of Jigawa State are Muslim , and it is one of the twelve states in the country to be governed by Sharia law . Jigawa State is famous for the Dutsen Habude cave paintings in the town of Birnin Kudu , which have been dated back to

360-661: Is also made up of vast grazing lands suitable for livestock production. Jigawa state is prone to perennial floods which have constantly ravaged the state, causeing extensive damage and destruction, wreaking havoc on farm lands. The socio-cultural situation in Jigawa State could be described as homogeneous: it is mostly populated by Hausa / Fulani , who can be found in all parts of the state. Kanuri are largely found in Hadejia Emirate, with some traces of Badawa mainly in its Northeastern parts. Even though each of

405-408: Is fairly high with very good improvements in the last few years, even though there is still clear disparity between boys and girls. Basic indicators for water supply sector show that access to potable water is over 90%, which is among the highest in the country. The 2002 CWIQ Survey however, indicated that access to high quality safe drinking water (pipe born, hand pump boreholes and protected wells)

450-404: Is low at about 63%, while nearly 67% of households have good means of sanitation. In terms of health services, about 40% of the population have access to medical services which is, however, higher in urban areas where access was found to be about 55%. The CWIQ Survey found that an average of 70% of those who consulted a health facility expressed satisfaction with the services provided. Jigawa State

495-808: Is made up of sedimentary rocks of the Chad Formation. The main rivers are Hadejia , Kafin Hausa and Iggi Rivers with a number of tributaries feeding extensive marshlands in north-eastern part of the State. Hadejia – Kafin Hausa River traverses the state from west to east through the Hadejia-Nguru wetlands and empties into the Lake Chad Basin . Most parts of Jigawa lie within the Sudan Savannah with elements of Guinea Savannah in

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540-544: Is one of the 36 states of Nigeria , located in the northern region of the country. Jigawa was created on 27 August 1991, under the General Ibrahim Babangida military administration. Jigawa State was formerly part of Kano State and was located in the northeastern-most region of Kano State , and it forms part of Nigeria's national border with the Republic of Niger . The state capital and largest city

585-439: Is predominantly rural (90%), the distribution in terms of sex is almost equal between male (50.8%) and female (49.2%). This pattern of population distribution is same across various constituencies and between urban and rural areas. The 2002 CWIQ Survey indicated that 45.2% of the population was made up of young people below the age of 15; 49.0% between the ages of 15 and 59 while 5.8% were people aged 60 and above. This survey reveals

630-604: Is struggling with desertification, and timber cutting equipment is contributing to the destruction of trees. Low timber output rates lead to socioeconomic problems and endanger the survival of priceless and beneficial trees. The Bade language is spoken in Guri LGA, Manga is spoken in Birniwa , Kiri Kasama , parts of Malam Madori , Kaugama and Guri LGAs. The Warji language is spoken in Birnin Kudu LGA, and

675-486: Is unknown if he actually visited it; Hausaland seems to have been mostly of a tributary status by Songhai as in his description of Zamfara he comments that "their king was slaughtered by the Askiya and themselves made tributary" and the same is said for the rest of the region. Despite relatively constant growth from the 15th century to the 18th century, the states were vulnerable to constant war internally and externally. By

720-731: Is yet to gain a solid footing, the seed for their development was planted through establishment of small-scale industries particularly in areas of food processing and other agro-allied activities such as the Jigawa ethanol programme . These industries have been helped by the Information Communication Technology program initiated by the Saminu Turaki , the states former governor. The Federal Office of Statistics, in 2001, classified Jigawa State among those with relatively high severity and incidence of poverty in

765-522: The Bayajidda legend, which describes the adventures of the Baghdadi hero, Bayajidda, culminating in the killing of the snake in a well at Daura and the marriage with the local queen Magajiya Daurama . According to the legend, the hero had a child with the queen, Bawo, and another child with the queen's maid-servant, Karbagari. Though the 7 Hausa states shared the same lineage, language and culture,

810-576: The Duwai language is spoken in Hadejia LGA. Major languages are Hausa , Kanuri and Fula (spoken by the Fulani). The State government is led by a democratically elected governor who works closely with members of the state's house of assembly. The Capital city of the State is Dutse. The electoral system of each state is selected using a modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round,

855-655: The Neolithic period. The town of Hadejia (formerly Biram ) is notable as being one of the traditional "seven true Hausa states ". The Jigawa State economy remains largely dependent on agriculture . Due to state's semi-arid climate, outward migration by workers to neighboring states such as Kano State in search of off-season work is common. Scarcity of arable land within the state has become increasingly problematic in recent years, with arable farmland increasingly vulnerable to national disasters like flooding , which will become more prevalent due to climate change . As

900-458: The "Chiefs of Indigo." Cotton grew readily in the great plains of these states, and they became the primary producers of cloth, weaving and dying it before sending it off in caravans to the other states within Hausaland and to extensive regions beyond. Biram was the original seat of government, while Zaria supplied labor and was known as the "Chief of Slaves." Katsina and Daura were the "Chiefs of

945-520: The 18th century, they were economically and politically exhausted. Famines became very common during this period and the Sultans engaged in heavy taxation to fund their wars. Though the vast majority of its inhabitants were Muslim , by the 19th century, they were conquered by a mix of Fulani warriors and Hausa peasantry, citing syncretism and social injustices. By 1808 the Hausa states were finally conquered by Usuman dan Fodio and incorporated into

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990-399: The Hausa managed to establish central control over their states, but such unity has always proven short. In the 11th century the conquests initiated by Gijimasu of Kano culminated in the birth of the first united Hausa Nation, although it was short-lived. During the reign of King Yaji I (1349–85) Islam was first introduced to Kano . Many Muslim traders and clerics used to come from Mali, from

1035-576: The Market," as their geographical location accorded them direct access to the caravans coming across the desert from the north. Gobir , located in the west, was the "Chief of War" and was mainly responsible for protecting the empire from the invasive Kingdoms of Ghana and Songhai. According to the Bayajidda legend, the Banza Bakwai states were founded by the seven sons of Karbagari ("Town-seizer"),

1080-580: The State during the last five years, coupled with efforts made towards power generation via Independent Power Platforms, and the Internet Broadband Project, investment climate in Jigawa State in terms of economic infrastructure is quite promising. Currently the state has a Federal University which is situated in the state capital, Dutse and a state-owned University situated at Kafin Hausa Local Government Area of

1125-467: The Volta region, and later from Songhay . King Yaji appointed a Qadi and Imam as part of the state administration. Muhammad Rumfa (1463–99) built mosques and madrassahs. He also commissioned Muhammad al-Maghili to write a treatise on Muslim governance. Many other scholars were brought in from Egypt , Tunis , and Morocco . This turned Kano into a center of Muslim scholarship. Islamization facilitated

1170-433: The bayajidda legend by the six sons of Bawo and himself, the son of the hero and Magajiya Daurama, in addition to the hero's son, Biram or Ibrahim, of an earlier marriage. The states included only kingdoms inhabited by Hausa speakers: Since the beginning of Hausa history, the seven states of Hausaland divided up production and labor activities in accordance with their location and natural resources. Kano and Rano were known as

1215-488: The country particularly the World Bank , UNDP , UNICEF , DFID and other international donor agencies and NGOs. Multilateral agencies have been a veritable source of development funds and technical assistance to State Government. Presently, the State partners with DFID, UNDP, UNICEF, IBRD, IFAD, ADF and some other International Development Agencies in pursuit of several development projects and programmes, particularly in

1260-760: The country, with a Gross Per Capita Income of N35, 000 per annum (US$ 290), which is below the National Average; till date Jigawa State is being rate among the poorest states in Nigeria. However, the 2002 Core Welfare Indicators Questionnaire (CWIQ) Survey indicated that over two-fifths of the population do not consider themselves poor. The State of infrastructure for economic development such as roads, electricity, telecommunication and information technology have recently witnessed tremendous improvements through massive rehabilitation and expansion works. With massive road rehabilitation projects already undertaken throughout

1305-1165: The emirate include Ringim , Taura , Garki and Babura . References [ edit ] ^ Ibrahim, Hussain (2021-12-22). "Sarkin Ringim Sayyadi Muhammad Ya Cika Shekara 30 A Kan Mulki" . HASKE12 Media . Retrieved 2023-01-06 . ^ "Sarkin Ringim ya cika shekaru 25 akan Gadon Sarauta" . sakaina . 2016-12-18 . Retrieved 2023-01-06 . ^ "Ringim - Jigawa State Government" . jigawastate.gov.ng . Retrieved 2023-01-06 . ^ "Mai Ka Sani Kan Masarautar Ringim?" . Sawaba FM . 2019-06-12 . Retrieved 2023-01-06 . ^ "TARIHIN GARIN RINGIM TA JIHAR JIGAWA" . www.alummarhausa.com.ng . Retrieved 2023-01-06 . Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ringim_Emirate&oldid=1238326117 " Categories : Hausa Nigerian traditional states Non-sovereign monarchy Jigawa State Jigawa State ( Hausa : Jihar Jigawa ; Fula : Leydi Jigawa 𞤤𞤫𞤴𞤮𞤤 𞤶𞤭𞤺𞤢𞤱𞤢)

1350-532: The expansion of trade and was the basis of an enlarged marketing network. The ' Ulama provided legal support, guarantees, safe conducts, introductions and many other services. By the end of the fifteenth century, Muhammad al-Korau, a cleric, took control of Katsina declaring himself king. 'Ulama were later brought in from North Africa and Egypt to reside in Katsina. An 'Ulama class emerged under royal patronage. The Hausa rulers fasted Ramadan , built mosques, kept up

1395-526: The five obligatory prayers, and gave alms ( zakat ) to the poor. Ibrahim Maje (1549–66) was an Islamic reformer and instituted Islamic marriage law in Katsina.Generally Hausaland remained divided between the Muslim cosmopolitan urban elite and the local animistic rural communities. During this time period, Leo Africanus briefly mentions in his book Descrittione dell’Africa descriptions of the political and economic state of Hausaland during that time although it

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1440-596: The land, how the only well in Daura, called Kusugu , was inhabited by a snake called Sarki, who allowed citizens of Daura to fetch water only on Fridays. Since "sarki" is the Hausa word for "King", this may have been a metaphor for a powerful figure. Bayajidda killed Sarki and because of what he had done the queen married him for his bravery. After his marriage to the queen the people started to call him Bayajidda which means "he didn't understand (the language) before ". The Hausa Kingdoms began as seven states founded according to

1485-492: The most common religion is Islam. In Jigawa State about 99 percent of the population practice Islam. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Kano (1991) has 36 parishes, including Jigawa. The Anglican Diocese of Dutse (1996) within the province of Kaduna, is led by Bishop Markus Yohanna Danbinta (2016), also the Evangelical Church Winning All is well established in the state. Jigawa State—created out of

1530-527: The old Kano State in August 1991—is one of the 36 states in Federal Republic of Nigeria. The agitation for the creation of the state was led by Malam Inuwa-Dutse, a former commissioner in the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources during the governorship of late Audu Bako , the governor of old Kano State (comprising present Kano and Jigawa states). By the 1999 Constitution of Federal Republic of Nigeria,

1575-654: The old Kano State. Jigawa State consists of twenty-seven (27) Local Government Areas , They are: The economy of Jigawa State is largely characterized by informal sector activities with agriculture as the major economic activity. Over 80% of the population is engaged in subsistence farming and animal husbandry. Trade and commerce are undertaken on small and medium scale, especially in agric goods, livestock and other consumer goods. Other informal sector activities include blacksmithing, leather-works, tailoring services, auto repairs, metal works, carpentry, tanning, dyeing, food processing, masonry etc. Even though modern industrial sector

1620-416: The person who married Daurama , the last Kabara of Daura, and heralded the end of the matriarchal monarchs that had erstwhile ruled the Hausa people. According to the most famous version of the story, the story of the Hausa states started with a prince from Baghdad called "Abu Yazid". When he got to Daura, he went to the house of an old woman and asked her to give him water but she told him the predicament of

1665-557: The son of Bayajidda and the slave-maid, Bagwariya. They are called the Banza Bakwai, meaning "bastard/bogus seven", on account of their ancestress' slave status. They are: The Hausa Kingdoms were first mentioned by Ya'qubi in the 9th century and they were by the 15th century trading centers competing with Kanem-Bornu and the Mali Empire . The primary exports were slaves , leather , gold , cloth , salt , kola nuts , animal hides, and henna . At various moments in their history,

1710-425: The southern part.Total forest cover in the state is below national average of 14.8%. Due to both natural and human factors, forest cover is being depleted, making the northern part of the state highly vulnerable to desert encroachment. The state enjoys vast fertile arable land to which almost all tropical crops could adapt, thus constituting one of its highly prized natural resources. The Sudan savannah vegetation zone

1755-401: The sphere of pro-poor growth, poverty reduction, education, and positive reform programmes such as Public Expenditure Management, Health Systems and Justice System Reforms. Hausa Kingdoms By the 14th century, Katsina had become the most powerful city-state. Katsina was the base for the trans-Saharan trade in salt, cloth, leather, and grain. The Hausa oral history is reflected in

1800-520: The state comprises 27 local government councils, which are divided into 30 state constituencies, grouped into 11 federal constituencies and 3 senatorial districts. These 27 local government councils were further subdivided into 77 development areas by law No. 5 of 2004 of the State House of Assembly. In line with the democratic setting in the country, the governments at both the state and local government levels are elected, and comprise an executive with

1845-442: The state since 1999. This decentralized approach to governmental administrative structure was seen as a move towards stimulating economic activities socio-economic development and empowerment over a wider area since government is the largest employer, perhaps second only to agriculture. In addition, this was also seen as a way for spreading even development among major urban centers and a shift from "city-state syndrome" that obtained in

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1890-986: The state. There is also Federal Polytechnic in Kazaure, Hussaini Adamu Federal Polytechnic , and a two state owned polytechnics; Binyaminu Usman Polytechnic, Jigawa State Polytechnic situated at Hadejia and Dutse respectively and a number of Monotechnics across the state. Established in 2011. The following tertiary Institutions are located in Jigawa State Federal Highways: One road to Niger from Gumel at Maigatari to RN13 to Dungass . Other major roads: Railway: The 1067 mm Cape gauge Western Railway Line northeast from Kano via Gagarwa, Kaugama and Malum Maduri terminates at Nguru in Yobe State . Airports: Dutse International with flights to Abuja . Government of Jigawa State relates very well with multilateral agencies in

1935-452: The states were characterized by fierce rivalries with each other with each state seeking supremacy over the others. They constantly waged war on each other and would often work with invaders to the detriment of their sister states, hindering their collective strength. According to the Bayajidda legend, Hausa states were founded by the sons and grandsons of Bayajidda, a prince whose origin differs by tradition, but official canon records him as

1980-406: The three dominant tribes have continued to maintain their ethnic identity, Islam and a long history of inter-marriages have continued to bind them together. About 3.6 million people inhabit Jigawa State. Life expectancy as at 2001 was about 52 years with a total fertility rate of about 6.2 children per woman of childbearing age (a little above the national average). Although population of the state

2025-549: The west, Bauchi State to the east and Yobe State for 193 km (120 miles) to the northeast. To the north, Jigawa shares an international border with Zinder Region in The Republic of Niger for 70 km, which is a unique opportunity for cross-border trading activities. The government readily took advantage of this by initiating and establishing a free trade zone at the border town of Maigatari in Niger . Jigawa has

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