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26-721: Parts of the Rio Negro Right Bank Environmental Protection Area lies in the municipalities of Iranduba (21.17%), Manacapuru (18.96%) and Novo Airão (59.87%) in the state of Amazonas. It covers most of the land along the right (west) bank of the Rio Negro from the mouth of the Puduari River , which separates it from the Rio Negro State Park North Section south to the point where it joins

52-563: A 103,086 hectares (254,730 acres) sustainable use conservation unit created in 2008 in an effort to stop deforestation in the area, which is threatened due to its proximity to Manaus. This article about a location in the Brazilian state of Amazonas is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Rio Negro (Amazon) The Rio Negro ( Portuguese : Rio Negro [ˈʁi.u neɡɾu] ; Spanish : Río Negro [ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo] " Black River "), or Guainía as it

78-688: A cable-stayed bridge which opened in 2011. The municipality contains about 21% of the Rio Negro Right Bank Environmental Protection Area , a 1,140,990 hectares (2,819,400 acres) sustainable use conservation unit that controls use of an area of Amazon rainforest along the Rio Negro above the junction with the Solimões River . It also contains about 80% of the Rio Negro Sustainable Development Reserve ,

104-540: Is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Amazonas . The population of Iranduba in 2020 was 49,011 and its area is 2,215 km , making it the smallest municipality in Amazonas in terms of area. The municiaplity is located south and west of Manaus on the right bank of the Rio Negro and the left bank of the Solimões River . It is connected to Manaus by the Manaus Iranduba Bridge ,

130-526: Is a succession of lagoons, full of long islands and intricate channels with a lot of water wildlife. Near Carvoeiro the last major tributary of the Rio Negro, the Branco River joins the Rio Negro and the river temporarily forms the border between the state of Roraima and Amazonas State, Brazil . The river now takes a more southeastern course, becoming again very wide in many stretches before reaching

156-597: Is in the central Amazonia corridor and is part of the Lower Rio Negro Mosaic . It protects the extensive forests of the Rio Negro in the Central Amazon Plain. The APA is drained by white water and black water rivers in the interfluvial region of the Rio Negro and Solimões basins, including várzea lowland areas and higher terra firma. In the section north of Novo Airão the forests are almost intact, but further south there are degraded areas in

182-646: Is known in its upper part, is the largest left tributary of the Amazon River (accounting for about 14% of the water in the Amazon basin ), the largest blackwater river in the world, and one of the world's ten largest rivers by average discharge . Despite its high flow, the Rio Negro has a low sediment load (5.76 million tonnes per year on average in Manaus ). The source of the Rio Negro lies in Colombia, in

208-659: The Department of Guainía where the river is known as the Guainía River . The young river generally flows in an east-northeasterly direction through the Puinawai National Reserve , passing several small indigenous settlements on its way, such as Cuarinuma, Brujas, Santa Rosa and Tabaquén. After roughly 400 km (250 mi) the river starts forming the border between Colombia's Department of Guainía and Venezuela's Amazonas State . After passing

234-692: The Piedra del Cocuy , an igneous rock formation from the Precambrian era, belonging to the Guyana Shield . Here the Tripoint of Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil is found in the middle of the river and it now completely enters Amazonas State, Brazil . After passing Cucuí , the river continues south, only temporarily turning west for several kilometers. In Missão Boa Vista the Içana River joins

260-619: The Solimões River to form the Amazon River at Manaus , including part of the left bank of the Solimões. It does not include the section of the right bank covered by the Rio Negro Sustainable Development Reserve , or the surroundings of the town of Novo Airão. The section from Manaus to Novo Airão is mainly accessed by boat or float plane. There is also access along the AM-340 highway. The APA has an area of 461,741 hectares (1,140,990 acres). The Rio Negro Right Bank Environmental Protection Area

286-516: The aquarium trade, including the cardinal tetra . As a result of the Casiquiare canal , many aquatic species are found both in the Rio Negro and Orinoco. Because the Casiquiare includes both blackwater and clear- to whitewater sections, only relatively adaptable species are able to pass through it between the two river systems. The sixth season of Survivor , Survivor: The Amazon

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312-432: The 17th century, it is likely that their populations were reduced because of new infectious diseases and warfare rather than low river productivity. Rio Negro has a very high species richness . About 700 fish species have been documented in the river basin, and it is estimated that the total is 800–900 fish species, including almost 100 endemics and several undescribed species . Among these are many that are important in

338-749: The APA were again altered by state law 3355 of 26 December 2008. On 9 September 2014 a working group was established to review the limits of the Puduari-Solimões section of the Margem Direita do Rio Negro Environmental Protection Area and the Rio Negro State Park North Section to compensate for land used to create the new campus for the Amazonas State University . Iranduba Iranduba

364-578: The Colombian community of Tonina and Macanal the river turns southwest. Maroa is the first Venezuelan town the river passes. 120 km (75 mi) further downstream the river receives the Casiquiare canal from the left (north), forming a unique link between the Orinoco and the Amazon river basin. Henceforth the river is called Rio Negro . The river now continues in a southeastern direction passing

390-590: The Guyana shield it traversed in its upper and middle course. After the Marié River enters the Rio Negro the river continues its eastward course forming many large islands and becoming very wide at several locations. It passes local communities such as Santa Isabel do Rio Negro . During the wet season , the river floods the country far and wide here, sometimes to a width of 30 km (19 mi), for long distances. During this season, from April until October, it

416-579: The Rio Negro and in São Joaquim the Uaupes River , the largest tributary of the Rio Negro, also enters from the right hand side. The Rio Negro now turns markedly towards the east, forming several rapids and small islets on its way. It then passes Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira an important commercial city. After several more rapids and imposing views of the Adormecida mountain chain the river leaves

442-472: The Venezuelan town of San Carlos de Río Negro , its largest settlement on the river, and Colombia's San Felipe . In this stretch the river is constantly fed with tributaries from both sides, and it quickly grows in size creating large river islands, a common feature for all rivers in the Amazon basin. After forming the border between Colombia and Venezuela for 260 km (160 mi) the Rio Negro reaches

468-526: The biggest city on its course Manaus . The Anavilhanas National Park , a 350,018 ha (864,910 acres) conservation unit that was originally an ecological station created in 1981, protects part of the Anavilhanas river archipelago in this part of the river. Below the archipelago, it meets the Solimões River to form the Amazon River , creating a phenomenon known as the Meeting of Waters . List of

494-654: The endangered black caiman ( Melanosuchus niger ). Over 100 species of fish have been identified, including the endangered Arapaima gigas . There are 30 communities in the APA, mainly engaged in subsistence fishing but also practising commercial fishing, farming, livestock raising and manufacture of flour, canoes and boats, brooms and handicrafts. The main commercial fish are the Semaprochilodus taeniurus and Semaprochilodus insignis . The APA has several archaeological sites. The villages of Paricatuba and Acajatuba are tourist attractions. The Rio Negro Right Bank APA

520-1117: The major tributaries of the Rio Negro (from the mouth upwards) Average discharge 30,640.8 m /s (1,082,070 cu ft/s) 3°8′19.3704″S 60°1′39.522″W  /  3.138714000°S 60.02764500°W  / -3.138714000; -60.02764500 3°4′53.2848″S 60°14′0.4812″W  /  3.081468000°S 60.233467000°W  / -3.081468000; -60.233467000 0°58′59.6964″S 62°51′32.3892″W  /  0.983249000°S 62.858997000°W  / -0.983249000; -62.858997000 0°28′57.4716″S 64°49′36.6492″W  /  0.482631000°S 64.826847000°W  / -0.482631000; -64.826847000 0°8′2.9616″S 67°5′38.2956″W  /  0.134156000°S 67.093971000°W  / -0.134156000; -67.093971000 0°22′11.8056″N 67°18′42.9948″W  /  0.369946000°N 67.311943000°W  / 0.369946000; -67.311943000 1°11′16.7316″S 66°50′23.46″W  /  1.187981000°S 66.8398500°W  / -1.187981000; -66.8398500 The river

546-469: The municipality of Iranduba due to the proximity of Manaus. There are over 40 species of mammals including the endangered jaguar ( Panthera onca ) and giant otter ( Pteronura brasiliensis ). There are more than 300 species of birds, including the endangered black-and-white hawk-eagle ( Spizaetus melanoleucus ) and harpy eagle ( Harpia harpyja ). The APA is home to many species of frogs, lizards and snakes, and several of turtles and alligators, including

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572-458: The region. In 1968 the Rio Negro was navigated by an SRN6 hovercraft during a National Geographic expedition. This area was the filming location for Survivor:The Amazon in 2003. While the name Rio Negro means Black River , its waters are similar in colour to strong tea , which is typical of blackwater rivers . The dark color comes from humic acid due to an incomplete breakdown of phenol-containing vegetation from sandy clearings. The river

598-460: The river. During 1852-1854 Richard Spruce and Alfred Russel Wallace made numerous observations and botanical collections. During a 1924–25 expedition, Alexander H. Rice Jr. of Harvard University traveled up the Orinoco, traversed the Casiquiare canal, and descended the Rio Negro to the Amazon at Manaus. It was the first expedition to use aerial photography and shortwave radio for mapping of

624-694: Was created by Amazonas state governor decree 16.498 of 2 April 1995. State law 2646 of 22 May 2001 modified the limits of the Rio Negro State Park North Section and South Section , and the Rio Negro Left Bank and Right Bank APAs. The Rio Negro Right Bank APA, Puduari - Solimões Section, now had an area of 566,365 hectares (1,399,520 acres). It became part of the Central Amazon Ecological Corridor , established in 2002. The limits of

650-417: Was named because it looks black from a distance. Much has been written on the productivity of the Rio Negro and other blackwater rivers. The older idea that these are "hunger rivers" is giving way, with new research, to the recognition that the Rio Negro, for example, supports a large fishing industry and has numerous turtle beaches. If explorers did not find many Indigenous peoples along the Rio Negro during

676-522: Was named by the Spanish explorer Francisco de Orellana , who first came upon it in 1541. By the middle of the 17th century, Jesuits had settled along its banks in the midst of numerous tribes: Manau, Aruák, and Trumá Indians. After 1700 slaving along the river was common, and Native American populations were greatly diminished after contact with Eurasian diseases. In 1800 German scientist Alexander von Humboldt and French botanist Aimé Bonpland explored

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