41-498: Ruby Franke ( née Griffiths ; born January 18, 1982) is an American prisoner and former family vlogger who ran the now defunct YouTube channel called 8 Passengers . On August 30, 2023, Ruby Franke and Jodi Hildebrandt were arrested in Washington County, Utah , and charged with six counts of felony aggravated child abuse of two of Franke's children under Utah law, four counts to which she pled guilty. She
82-502: A felony . According to a statement from the Santa Clara-Ivins Public Safety Department, the arrests were triggered after Franke's twelve-year-old son, who appeared emaciated and had "open wounds and duct tape around the extremities", had escaped through a window of Hildebrandt's house and asked at a neighboring house for food and water. Emergency services found Franke's ten-year-old daughter in
123-580: A majority leader , majority whip and assistant majority whip by the caucus with the most members in that house. The minority party caucus elects a minority leader , minority whip , assistant minority whip and includes one additional leadership position of minority caucus manager to offset the Speaker of the House and President of the Senate who are traditionally members of the majority caucus yet are elected by
164-577: A man's surname at birth that has subsequently been replaced or changed. The diacritic mark (the acute accent ) over the e is considered significant to its spelling, and ultimately its meaning, but is sometimes omitted. According to Oxford University 's Dictionary of Modern English Usage , the terms are typically placed after the current surname (e.g., " Margaret Thatcher , née Roberts" or " Bill Clinton , né Blythe"). Since they are terms adopted into English (from French), they do not have to be italicized , but they often are. In Polish tradition ,
205-738: A capitol building. In 1856, the Fillmore Capitol was abandoned and the assembly met in Salt Lake City at various locations including: the Council House , the Social Hall (Social Hall Avenue), the old Salt Lake County Courthouse (at Second South and Second West streets), the old Salt Lake City Hall , and the present Salt Lake City and County Building . The Industrial Christian Home for Polygamous Wives also provided office space for officials. After, being admitted to
246-625: A counselor. They launched a new video channel together called ConneXions in 2022, and created a joint Instagram account called Moms of Truth, offering parenting classes. Neighbors and the Frankes' oldest daughter, a college student, called authorities to check on the latter's siblings after observing that their mother often left the children alone at home. On August 30, 2023, Franke and Hildebrandt were arrested in Ivins, Utah , and two days later, both were charged with six counts of aggravated child abuse,
287-519: A joint statement and later in individual videos. In November 2023, Kevin Franke filed for divorce after the couple had been separated for more than a year. Kevin would later sue Hildebrandt over the child abuse of his children and ruining their family. Franke's case was announced to be covered in the October 2024 Lifetime movie Mormon Mom Gone Wrong: The Ruby Franke Story as part of its "Ripped from
328-602: A judiciary consisting of a Supreme Court, District Courts, Probate Courts, and justices of the peace. The creation of the Territory of Utah was part of the Compromise of 1850 seeking to preserve the political balance of power between the slave and free states. Following the organization of the territory, Brigham Young was inaugurated as its first governor on Sunday, February 9, 1851 and the first territorial assembly met Monday, September 22, 1851. The legislative body of
369-810: A minimum term of four years. Although the maximum term that could be imposed for all sentences would be 60 years, the Utah Code dictates that the time served by a defendant upon whom consecutive sentences are imposed must not exceed 30 years, except in circumstances of life imprisonment or the death penalty. The exact term she will serve is to be decided by the Utah Board of Pardons and Parole . The Frankes are members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints . Their oldest daughter has stated that she has long disapproved of her mother's parenting strategies. Franke has three sisters who are also parenting influencers; they disassociated themselves from her actions in
410-427: A proposed constitution was drafted and subsequently submitted to the U.S. Congress which rejected the petition for statehood. The Twentieth Territorial Legislature on January 31, 1872 would call for a fourth constitutional convention and again petitioned Congress for statehood yet this effort also failed and it was not until April and May 1882 that a fifth and final attempt at statehood was made prior to Congress passing
451-577: Is Brad Wilson (R). The state is divided into 29 Senate districts, each representing approximately 77,000 people and the House is divided into 75 House districts, each representing approximately 29,800 people. Senate districts overlap House districts allowing two legislators for each constituency in Utah. Senators are elected to a four-year term, and Representatives to a two-year term. All state House districts and half of all state Senate districts are up for election every two years. To be eligible for
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#1732766194701492-679: Is held for 45 calendar days, convening on the fourth Monday in January. The General Session must conclude by midnight on the 45th day according to the Utah State Constitution . The Governor may by proclamation convene the Legislature in Special Session, to transact legislative business, but no legislative business can be conducted except that which is expressed in the proclamation or other legislative business that
533-416: Is the feminine past participle of naître , which means "to be born". Né is the masculine form. The term née , having feminine grammatical gender , can be used to denote a woman's surname at birth that has been replaced or changed. In most English-speaking cultures, it is specifically applied to a woman's maiden name after her surname has changed due to marriage. The term né can be used to denote
574-575: Is the only state in the United States that is elected and conducted in a nonpartisan manner. As of 2016, 88 percent of members of the Utah legislature were affiliated with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints . The Utah Senate elects a President of the Senate and the Utah House elects a Speaker, and each political party caucus in both houses elects party leadership including
615-499: The Fifth Territorial Legislature passed an act on December 10, 1855 establishing a constitutional convention to make a second attempt at Statehood. This second constitutional convention was held on March 17, 1856 in Salt Lake City and a proposed constitution was created which was subsequently rejected by the U.S. Congress . A third constitutional convention was held on January 20, 1862 in Salt Lake City and
656-491: The Utah Enabling Act in 1894. The Utah Territory proceeded to hold a constitutional convention on March 4, 1895 which ended on March 6, 1895 and the proposed Constitution was ratified by the voters Tuesday, November 5, 1895. The first election was also held on this day and state officials were elected. The First Utah State Legislature convened on January 13, 1896 and proceeded to conduct the business of organizing
697-613: The Utah Senate with a four-year term. Utah first petitioned for statehood starting in 1849, and a constitutional convention was called to draft a State Constitution for a proposed State of Deseret on March 8, 1849 to be held in Salt Lake City . The U.S. House of Representatives and Senate rejected the proposed state and followed up the rejection by creating the Territory of Utah . It wasn't for another six years before
738-542: The Utah State Capitol in the state capital of Salt Lake City . In 2020, voters approved an amendment to the state constitution that changed the legislative start date from a constitutionally mandated fourth Monday of January to a date set by state law (thereby making it easier to change the start date if necessary). Current state law requires the start date of the Utah State Legislature to be
779-611: The Utah Territory continued to act until 1896 with the successful passage of the Utah Constitution and Utah achieving statehood . The first President of the Utah Territorial Council was Willard Richards and the first Territorial Speaker of the House was William W. Phelps . In 1870, the length of a Representative's term was extended to two years, and in 1896 the Utah Territorial Council became
820-512: The Western world is often that the name from birth (or perhaps from baptism or brit milah ) will persist to adulthood in the normal course of affairs—either throughout life or until marriage. Some reasons for changes of a person's name include middle names , diminutive forms, changes relating to parental status (due to one's parents' divorce or adoption by different parents), and gender transition . The French and English-adopted née
861-538: The Franke children, a 16-year-old boy, said that he had been banned from his bedroom and made to sleep on a bean bag for seven months, viewers became concerned about his mother's disciplinary methods, which also included withholding food, sending a child to a wilderness camp for troubled teens , threatening to behead a stuffed toy , and telling two of her children that Santa Claus would not be bringing them anything for Christmas that year because they were too "numb" to respond to other punishments. A Change.org petition
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#1732766194701902-500: The General Session. If the House impeaches an official, the Senate is required to convene to try that impeachment. The Utah Territory was established by an act of Congress on Monday, September 9, 1850 which provided for a territorial government made up of a governor chosen every four years, a Legislative Assembly with a 13-member Council chosen every second year and a 26-member House of Representatives chosen annually, and
943-457: The Governor shall call attention to. These special sessions, except in the cases of impeachment, cannot exceed 30 calendar days. The House may convene for the purpose of impeachment if two-thirds of the members are in favor of convening for that purpose. The Speaker of the House shall determine by poll whether there is a sufficient number of members to convene for an Impeachment Session outside
984-456: The Headlines" feature films starring Emilie Ullerup as Ruby Franke and Heather Locklear as Jodi Hildebrandt. The movie was negatively perceived upon announcement by her children, with Franke's eldest daughter Shari stating that they were not contacted about the movie, none of the proceeds from the movie would go to the younger siblings in question, and that releasing the film would only hurt
1025-615: The Union as a State on January 4, 1896 by an act signed into law by President Grover Cleveland , the first official act of statehood was the swearing in of State officials at the Salt Lake Tabernacle on January 6, 1896, as Utah did not have an official State Capitol. Acting upon the recommendation of Governor John C. Cutler, the Utah Legislature finally approved a plan to build a State Capitol in 1909. Construction on
1066-502: The Utah House of Representatives and Utah Senate. These subcommittees are responsible for reviewing a section of the budget and requests for appropriations. At the end of this review, the subcommittees submit its portion of the budget and a recommended list of prioritized appropriations on to the Executive Appropriations Committee, which is composed of party leadership from both chambers. All alterations to
1107-589: The bill, return the bill to the Senate Rules Committee, substitute the bill, vote the bill out of committee with a favorable recommendation, or vote the bill out of committee with an unfavorable recommendation. Interim committees fulfill essentially the same functions as standing committees and are differentiated from standing committees in that they meet during the interim between legislative sessions to discuss bills, to study issues, and to recommend bills for consideration. Interim committees may take
1148-671: The boy, cayenne pepper and honey had been used to dress his wounds. Franke and Hildebrandt were held without bail . Hildebrandt surrendered her license as a counselor pending resolution of the court case and a disciplinary investigation. After her arrest, YouTube banned Franke from the platform, also deleting two channels which were linked to her. On December 18, 2023, Franke pleaded guilty to four counts of aggravated child abuse. She later pleaded not guilty to two other counts. The factual basis mentioned an incident of Franke forcing her son to work outdoors over several weeks with inadequate protection, resulting in severe sunburns, and claims that
1189-410: The budget, including all appropriations, are approved by this committee, which are then turned into the so-called "Bill of Bills" at the end of the session. There are eleven Utah Senate standing committees and fifteen Utah House of Representatives standing committees. A standing committee can take the following actions on a bill after it is assigned to the committee: amend the bill, hold the bill, table
1230-588: The children were possessed. Franke agreed to serve a prison sentence and to serve her respective sentences consecutively rather than concurrently. Franke was expected to testify against Hildebrandt in Hildebrandt's upcoming trial, but Hildebrandt separately pleaded guilty to four counts of felony aggravated child abuse on December 27, with two charges dropped as part of another plea deal. On February 20, 2024, Franke received four consecutive sentences of between one and fifteen years' imprisonment, meaning she must serve
1271-620: The entire membership of their respective bodies. Legislative committees serve an important function in the legislative process , as the majority of the debate and discussion of a bill is done in committee and public comment is generally accepted at this point in the bill process. Amendments can be made to the bill and be given more consideration than they would on the floor of either legislative chamber. Utah has three types of legislative committees, these are: appropriations subcommittees, standing committees and interim committees. There are eight appropriations subcommittees made up of members of both
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1312-522: The first Tuesday after the third Monday in January for an annual 45-day session. The Utah State Legislature meets in the Utah State Capitol in Salt Lake City . The Republicans currently have super-majorities in both the House and Senate . They control the House by a margin of 59–16 and the Senate by 23–6. The current Senate President is Stuart Adams (R), and the Speaker of the House
1353-489: The house, also malnourished ; both children were taken to a hospital, where the boy was treated for severe malnourishment and "deep lacerations from being tied up with rope". A search of the house found evidence "consistent with the markings" on the twelve-year-old, and the Utah Division of Child and Family Services took the boy and girl and two more of Franke's children into care. Police later reported that according to
1394-545: The office of a state senator or representative, a person must be a citizen of the United States, be at least 25 years of age, be a qualified voter in the district from which elected, and must be a resident of the State of Utah for three years and a resident of the district from which elected for six months. There are no term limitations for either the Utah House of Representatives or the Utah Senate. The annual General Session
1435-649: The same actions on a bill as a standing committee. Over the years there have been many changes to the structure of the legislature, the number of Senators and Representatives, and the location of the Capitol building. Early on, the Council House served as a meeting place for the Utah Territorial Legislative Assembly. In 1851, the assembly designated Fillmore in Millard County as the capital city and ordered construction of
1476-407: The seats in the Utah House being up for election every two years. Each body elects its own leadership and is responsible for determining its own rules of procedures. The members of both houses of the Utah Legislature are elected on a partisan basis, and they conduct their proceedings including the elections of leadership according to membership in a party caucus . Currently, the state of Nebraska
1517-562: The state. The current party composition of the Utah Senate is: The current party composition of the Utah House is: The Utah Legislature is a bicameral, partisan body composed of a lower chamber which is the Utah House of Representatives with 75 members, and upper chamber which is the Utah Senate , with 29 members. State senators serve four-year terms with half the seats in the Utah Senate being up for election every two years and state representatives serve two-year terms with all
1558-544: The term z domu (literally meaning "of the house", de domo in Latin ) may be used, with rare exceptions, meaning the same as née . Utah State Legislature The Utah State Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Utah . It is a bicameral body, comprising the Utah House of Representatives , with 75 state representatives, and the Utah Senate , with 29 state senators. There are no term limits for either chamber. The Legislature convenes at
1599-445: The victims more than they already were hurt beforehand. Birth name#Maiden and married names A birth name is the name given to a person upon birth. The term may be applied to the surname , the given name , or the entire name. Where births are required to be officially registered, the entire name entered onto a birth certificate or birth register may by that fact alone become the person's legal name . The assumption in
1640-481: Was launched reporting perceived child abuse and neglect. The Franke parents posted in defense of the discipline, saying the incidents had been taken out of context. The 8 Passengers YouTube channel declined in popularity in 2021. In 2022, the Frankes separated, and Kevin moved out of the house. Ruby deleted the YouTube channel and began working as a mental health coach at ConneXions, a company run by Jodi Hildebrandt ,
1681-447: Was sentenced to serve between four and thirty years in prison on February 20, 2024. In early 2015, Franke created a YouTube channel called 8 Passengers in which she documented her family life in Utah with her husband Kevin and their six children. She originally posted five days a week at 6:00 a.m. As of June 2020, the channel had around 2.5 million subscribers and amassed 1 billion views. Beginning in 2020, when one of