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50-469: Rudolf Erich Raspe (March 1736 – 16 November 1794) was a German librarian, writer, and scientist, called by his biographer John Patrick Carswell a "rogue". He is best known for his collection of tall tales The Surprising Adventures of Baron Munchausen , also known as Baron Munchausen's Narrative of his Marvellous Travels and Campaigns in Russia , originally a satirical work with political aims. Raspe

100-596: A town council under the Local Government Act 2001 . The Local Government Reform Act 2014 dissolved the town council with the creation of Killarney Municipal District under the authority of Kerry County Council . Killarney Town Hall was erected in Kenmare Place in around 1930. Killarney's tourism history goes back at least to the mid 18th century, when Thomas, fourth Viscount Kenmare (Lord Kenmare), began to attract visitors and new residents to

150-577: A combination of painting and photography in early examples of photo retouching . The common theme was gigantism : fishing for leviathans , hunting for or riding oversized animals, and bringing in the impossibly huge sheaves . An homage to the genre can be found on the cover of the Eat a Peach (1972) album by The Allman Brothers Band . Killarney Killarney ( / k ɪ ˈ l ɑːr n i / kil- AR -nee ; Irish : Cill Airne [ˌciːl̠ʲ ˈaːɾˠn̠ʲə] , meaning 'church of sloes ')

200-560: A combined manufacturing/research and development facility in the town manufacturing container cranes. In honour of its founder, a street in Killarney was named Hans Liebherr Road. Other businesses include Tricel (also known as Killarney Plastics) which was founded in 1973. In the public sector, both the Department of Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media and Department of Justice have offices in Killarney. Tourism

250-809: A large number of football teams, such as Kilcummin , Fossa, Firies, Glenflesk and Gneeveguilla . All these teams compete in the Kerry County league and the East Kerry Senior Football Championship (O'Donoghue Cup) and league. Dr. Crokes is the most successful of these teams, winning the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship in 1992 and the Munster Senior Club Football Championship in 1991, 1990 and 2007. The club has also won

300-521: A living by publishing and translating books on various subjects. Besides helping translate Georg Forster 's A Voyage Round the World into German, he also translated German works into English, and there are allusions to him as "a Dutch savant" in 1780 in the writings of Horace Walpole , who gave him money and helped him to publish an Essay on the Origin of Oil-painting (1781). But Raspe remained poor, and

350-646: A number of air services with connecting trains running from Farranfore railway station to Killarney railway station . Cork Airport (89 km), easily accessible by bus or rail, also serves the Kerry region. The International Football Association Board (IFAB), the body that determines the Laws of the Game , met at the Lake Hotel in Killarney in 1905. Killarney has three football clubs—all of which compete in

400-451: A pagan religious site. The site has also been associated with the 5th century missionary St. Abban , but 7th century ogham stones mark the first clear evidence of Aghadoe being used as an important site. According to legend, St. Finian founded a monastery at Aghadoe in the 6th or 7th century. The first written record of a monastery dates from 939 AD in the Annals of Innisfallen where

450-849: A patron in Sir John Sinclair of Ulbster , whose mineralogical proclivities he proceeded to impose upon by pretending to discover valuable and workable veins on his estates. Raspe had "salted" the ground himself, and on the verge of exposure, he absconded. He finally moved to Ireland where he managed a copper mine on the Herbert Estate in Killarney. He died in Killarney , County Kerry , of typhoid , in November 1794. The Baron Munchausen tales were made famous when they were 'borrowed', translated into German, and embellished somewhat by Gottfried August Bürger in 1786—and have been among

500-702: A periodical called the Cassel Spectator . From 1767, he was responsible for some collections of Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel). He had to flee to England in 1775 after having gone to Italy in 1775 to buy curios for the Landgrave. He was found to have sold the Landgrave's valuables for his own profit. He was ejected from the Royal Society that same year for his "divers frauds and gross breaches of trust". In London, he employed his knowledge of English and his learning to secure

550-582: Is a town in County Kerry , southwestern Ireland . The town is on the northeastern shore of Lough Leane , part of Killarney National Park , and is home to St Mary's Cathedral , Ross Castle , Muckross House and Abbey , the Lakes of Killarney , MacGillycuddy's Reeks , Purple Mountain , Mangerton Mountain , Paps Mountain , the Gap of Dunloe and Torc Waterfall . Its natural heritage, history and location on

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600-656: Is also the home of Irish floorball . In 1900 the composer Cyril Rootham wrote his Op.8 "Four Impressions (Killarney)" for solo violin and small orchestra. The work was never published, but Rootham later arranged the work for pianoforte duet (Op.8 No.2, unpublished) and for violin and piano (Op.8.No.3, published in 1902 as "Impressions pour Violon et Piano"). At the beginning of the 20th century, many songs which romanticized Ireland made direct mention of Killarney. Examples included "My Father Was Born In Killarney - Don’t Run Down The Irish" (1910), " Too Ra Loo Ra Loo Ral " (1914) and "For Killarney and you" (1910). "There's Only

650-572: Is an island in Lough Leane, one of the three Lakes of Killarney. It is home to the ruins of Innisfallen Abbey which was founded in 640 by St. Finian, and was occupied until the monks were dispossessed in 1594, by Elizabeth I, Queen of England . According to tradition, the Irish High King Brian Boru received his education at Innisfallen. Aghadoe , the local townland which overlooks present day Killarney, may have begun as

700-616: Is located just outside the town and holds flat and national hunt meetings. The Ring of Kerry Cycle, a charity cycle around the Ring (175 km) takes place every first Saturday in July. There is also a club in Killarney called Killarney Cycling Club. St. Paul's Killarney Basketball Club, established in 1985, has youth teams and a senior national league team that plays in the Irish Basketball Division one league. Killarney

750-501: Is now the Butler Arms Hotel . Thomas Browne, 4th Viscount Kenmare founded linen mills in the 1740s as part of his efforts to increase the population and economy of Killarney. In later years, hosiery and shoe making were major industries in the town. One such shoe factory was Hillards, which employed 250 people at its peak. Modern employers include Liebherr Cranes , which has had a presence in Killarney since 1958, with

800-528: Is the largest industry in Killarney, generating around €410 million every year. Roughly 1.1 million tourists visit the town every year, with foreign tourists making up over 60% of all visitors. In 2023, in a scheme intended to reduce litter volumes during the tourist season, Killarney became the first town in Ireland to ban single-use coffee cups. Killarney is served by National Primary Route N22 (north to Tralee and Castleisland and east to Cork );

850-779: The County Championship on 7 separate occasions, including in 2010. Dr. Crokes is the only club in Killarney with a hurling team; it won the Kerry Intermediate Hurling Championship in 1999 and 2001. There are six rowing clubs in the town, who share a common history in Ireland's oldest surviving regatta, the Killarney Regatta, which is held annually on the first or second Sunday in July. The six clubs are Commercial RC (Killarney), Flesk Valley RC, Fossa RC, Muckross RC, St. Brendan's RC and Workmen RC. The style of rowing seen at

900-618: The Kerry District League . Killarney Athletic A.F.C. was founded in 1965, and played its first competitive game in the Desmond League as a youth team. It entered a junior team at the start of 1966. In the early 1970s, the club became a founding club of the Kerry District League (KDL). Originally the club played in the centre of Killarney, but have since moved to a modern facility (with two pitches) in

950-720: The National Secondary Routes N72 (west to Killorglin and east to Mallow , Fermoy , and Dungarvan ) and the N71 (south to Kenmare and Bantry ). Killarney railway station (operated by Iarnród Éireann ) has direct services to Tralee , Cork and Dublin , with connections to the rest of the rail network. Bus Éireann provides bus services to Limerick (and onwards to Dublin), Tralee, Cork , Kenmare and Skibbereen . Kerry Airport (17 km), in Farranfore between Tralee and Killarney, provides

1000-737: The Ring of Kerry make Killarney a popular tourist destination. The town's population was 14,412 as of the 2022 census , making it the second largest in the county. Killarney won the Best Kept Town award in 2007, in a cross-border competition jointly organised by the Department of the Environment and the Northern Ireland Amenity Council. In 2011, it was named Ireland's tidiest town and the cleanest town in

1050-601: The Aghadoe monastery is referred to as the "Old Abbey." Following the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland in 1169, the Normans built Parkavonear Castle , also at Aghadoe. The castle was perhaps intended as an early warning outpost due to its views of the entire Killarney valley and lakes region. Ross Castle was built on the lake shore in the late 15th century by local ruling clan the O'Donoghues Mor (Ross). Ownership of

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1100-643: The Devil Is Dead" by Derek Warfield contains the line "Some say the devil is dead and buried in Killarney/ More say he rose again and joined the British Army." Van Morrison references the town in the opening lines of his 1974 song " Fair Play " off of his album Veedon Fleece : " Fair play to you / Killarney's lakes are so blue / And the architecture I'm taking in with my mind / So fine ." Colin O'Sullivan's 2013 novel, Killarney Blues ,

1150-522: The Hibernia and Torc, but Isaac Slater also named the Hibernia in 1846. At the time he was writing, tours of the Ring of Kerry were already an industry and Killarney was considered the starting point of the 175-kilometre (110 mi) circuitous route. He was fascinated by the horses' endurance on the two-day trip, and leaves clear advice for other travellers; It is a common and wise custom of those who make this tour, and are not pressed for time, to hire

1200-564: The One Killarney" is a song that was written by Irish songwriter Dick Farrelly and recorded by Irish tenor Patrich O'Hagan. Killarney also appears in "How Can You Buy Killarney," written by Kennedy, Steels, Grant and Morrison, and recorded by Joseph Locke, among others. Killarney is also mentioned in " Christmas in Killarney " (written by Redmond, Cavanaugh and Weldon) and "Did Your Mother Come From Ireland?" (written by Kennedy and Carr), both most notably recorded by Bing Crosby . "Some Say

1250-516: The Royal Society expunged his name from its list. From 1782 to 1788, he was employed by Matthew Boulton as assay -master and storekeeper in the Dolcoath mine in Cornwall. At the same time, he also authored books in geology and the history of art . The Trewhiddle Ingot, found in 2003, is a lump of tungsten found at Trewhiddle Farm and thought to be at least 150 years old. This may predate

1300-464: The Woodlawn area of the town. Killarney Celtic was founded in 1976. The club purchased their own ground in 1993 and have invested in their facilities since then. There is a grass pitch and a FIFA 1-star full-size synthetic all-weather pitch (both floodlit to match standard), a 50 x 80 meter grass training pitch and a 70 x 35 metre synthetic training pitch which is also fully floodlit. Cedar Galaxy

1350-575: The bush or the outback) similarly inspired the types of tall tales that are found in American folklore. The Australian versions typically concern a mythical station called The Speewah . The heroes of the Speewah include: Another folk hero is Charlie McKeahnie , the hero of Banjo Paterson 's poem " The Man from Snowy River ", whose bravery, adaptability, and risk-taking could epitomise the new Australian spirit. The Canadian frontier has also inspired

1400-455: The carriage at the hotel in Killarney and continue with it 'all the way round.' It is absolutely marvellous what these mountain bred horses can get through "thinking nothing" of thirty miles [50 km] for days together or even fifty miles [80 km] in a single day. As part of the trip, he noted that there were hotels in Glenbeigh and Waterville along with a "comfortable inn", which

1450-677: The castle changed hands during the Desmond Rebellions of the 1580s to the Mac Carty Mor. Muckross Abbey was founded in 1448 as a Franciscan friary for the Observantine Franciscans by Donal McCarthy Mor. The abbey was burned down by Cromwellian forces under General Ludlow in 1654, and today remains a ruin. Killarney was heavily involved in the Irish War of Independence . The town, and indeed

1500-584: The club have also been selected to row for Ireland and have competed at the Home International Regatta , Coupe de la Jeunesse , World Rowing Championships and Olympic Games . Paul Griffin , Sean Casey and Cathal Moynihan members of Muckross Rowing Club, are Olympic and Irish World Championship rowers. Killarney RFC play in the Munster Junior League. The club's 1st XV won promotion to Division 2 in 2009–10. while

1550-765: The coming of the railway, James Fraser named seven hotels and described their locations: the Railway Hotel opposite the Railway Station; the Kenmare Arms and Hibernia which are on the main street and immediately opposite the church... the Victoria which is about a mile [1.5 km] to the west of the town on the shores of the Lower Lake; the Lake View which is about the same distance to the east of

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1600-495: The country by Irish Business Against Litter. Killarney featured prominently in early Irish history, with religious settlements playing an important part of its recorded history. Its first significantly historical settlement was the monastery on nearby Innisfallen Island founded in 640 by St. Finian the Leper , which was occupied for approximately 850 years. Innisfallen (from Irish: Inis Faithlinn , meaning "Faithlinn's island")

1650-421: The earliest known smelting of the metal (which requires extremely high temperatures) and has led to speculation that it may have been produced during a visit by Raspe to Happy-Union mine (at nearby Pentewan ) in the late eighteenth century. Raspe was also a chemist with a particular interest in tungsten. Memories of his ingenuity remained to the middle of the 19th century. While in Cornwall, he seems to have written

1700-635: The entire county, had strong republican ties, and skirmishes with the British forces happened on a regular basis. The Great Southern Hotel was for a while taken over by the British, both as an office and barracks, and to protect the neighbouring railway station. One notable event during the war was the Headford Ambush when the IRA attacked a railway train a few kilometres from town. However, divisions among former colleagues were quick to develop following

1750-524: The exploits of their heroes, but in tall tales the exaggeration looms large, to the extent of dominating the story. The tall tale has become a fundamental element of American folk literature . The tall tale's origins are seen in the bragging contests that often occurred when the rough men of the American frontier gathered. The tales of legendary figures of the Old West , some listed below, owe much to

1800-530: The favourite reading of subsequent generations, as well as the basis of several films, including Terry Gilliam 's The Adventures of Baron Munchausen inspired by the Karel Zeman (Czech director) movie The Fabulous Baron Munchausen , made twenty years before ( Baron Prášil 1961). Others during Raspe's lifetime were also aware of his authorship of the Adventures , including his friend John Hawkins ,

1850-596: The first collection of Leibniz 's philosophical works. He also wrote a treatise on Thomas Percy 's Reliques of Ancient English Poetry . In 1767, he was appointed professor in Cassel , and subsequently librarian. He contributed in 1769 a zoological paper to the 59th volume of the Philosophical Transactions , which led to his being elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London , and he wrote voluminously on all sorts of subjects. In 1774, he started

1900-519: The geologist and traveller to Greece who mentions Raspe's authorship in a letter to Charles Lyell . It was not till 1824 that the biographer of Bürger revealed the truth about the book. Raspe's dubious mining activities in Scotland provided the model for the character of Herman Dousterswivel, a German mining swindler in Walter Scott 's novel The Antiquary (1816), which was set in Scotland in

1950-559: The late 18th century. In a preface to the novel, Scott himself noted that the Dousterswivel character might seem "forced and improbable", but wrote: "... the reader may be assured that this part of the narrative is founded on a fact of actual occurrence." Tall tales Events are often told in a way that makes the narrator seem to have been a part of the story; the tone is generally good-natured. Legends are differentiated from tall tales primarily by age; many legends exaggerate

2000-511: The organization to the international level. The comic strip Non Sequitur (1992–present) sometimes features tall tales told by the character Captain Eddie; it is left up to the reader to decide if he is telling the truth, exaggerating a real event, or fabricating a story entirely. Some stories are told about exaggerated versions of real people: Subjects of some American tall tales include legendary figures: The Australian frontier (known as

2050-505: The original version of Munchausen; whether he also wrote the several continuations that appeared until 1792 is still debated. He also worked for the famous publisher John Nichols on several projects, among which was a descriptive catalogue he compiled of James Tassie 's collection of pastes and casts of gems, in two quarto volumes (1791) of laborious industry and bibliographical rarity. Raspe then went to Scotland, and in Caithness found

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2100-410: The regatta is traditional, fixed seat rowing in wide, wooden six-person boats. Since the 1980s, a number of the clubs have moved toward coastal type rowing and modern 'slide' or Olympic style rowing. Muckross Rowing Club is the largest of the clubs, having developed into a full-time 'sliding' club with 32 National Championships (since 1996) at various levels from Junior to Senior. A number of members of

2150-463: The same season the club fielded a 2nd XV for the first time. The club has also a large youth and underage set-up catering for all young enthuasists from the town and surrounding areas. Killarney Golf & Fishing Club attracts various national competitions such as the Irish Open . The Ross Golf Course is a 9-hole golf course less than one mile from the centre of the town. Killarney Racecourse

2200-434: The style of tall tales. The semi-annual speech-contests held by Toastmasters International public-speaking clubs may include a tall-tales contest. Each and every participating speaker is given three to five minutes to give a short speech of a tall-tale nature, and is then judged according to several factors. The winner proceeds to the next level of competition. The contest does not proceed beyond any participating district in

2250-640: The town and also on the shore of the Lower Lake; the Muckross about two and a half miles [4 km] away and near the Muckross Lake and the Torc which occupies an elevated site about a mile and a half [2.5 km] from the town on the hill which rises immediately over the Lake Hotel. In 1858, Irish born Victorian journalist, Samuel Carter Hall named O'Sullivan's Hotel and the Innisfallen rather than

2300-401: The town. The date of 1747 was used in recent 250-year celebrations to honour the history of Killarney tourism. A visit by Queen Victoria in 1861 gave the town some international exposure. Killarney benefited greatly from the coming of the railway in July 1853. British trade directory publisher Isaac Slater noted that there were three hotels in the town in 1846 but by 1854, one year after

2350-686: The truce and treaty, and Killarney, like many other areas, suffered in the rash of increasing atrocities during the Civil War . A day after the Ballyseedy massacre , five Republican prisoners were killed in Killarney by Free State forces . Killarney was granted town commissioners under the Towns Improvement (Ireland) Act 1854 , which was converted to an urban district under the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 , and

2400-471: The types of tall tales that are found in American folklore, such as: Some European tall tales include: Early 20th-century postcards became a vehicle for tall tale telling in the US. Creators of these cards, such as the prolific Alfred Stanley Johnson Jr. and William H. "Dad" Martin , usually employed trick photography , including forced perspective , while others painted their unlikely tableaus , or used

2450-553: Was born in Hanover , and baptised on 28 March 1736. He studied law and jurisprudence at Göttingen and Leipzig and worked as a librarian for the university of Göttingen. In 1762, he became a clerk in the university library at Hanover, and in 1764 secretary to the university library at Göttingen. He had become known as a versatile scholar and a student of natural history and antiquities , and he published some original poems and also translations of Ossian 's poems. In 1765 he published

2500-497: Was formed in 2011 and play in the Kerry District League Division 2B. The team were promoted to Division 2A for the 2013/2014 campaign. The Kerry GAA branch of the Gaelic Athletic Association was founded in 1888. Kerry's county hurling and county football teams play at the Fitzgerald Stadium in Killarney, which opened in 1936 and has capacity for 43,180 spectators. Killarney has three Gaelic football clubs: Dr Crokes , Killarney Legion and Spa . The rural hinterland has

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