The Rupertiwinkel is a small historic region on the southeastern border of Bavaria , Germany . Part of the Archbishopric of Salzburg until the early 19th century, it is named after the first Salzburg bishop Saint Rupert (c.660–710), apostle to the Duchy of Bavaria .
17-644: The area is located in the Alpine Foreland of Upper Bavaria , about 20 km (12 mi) north of Salzburg in the German - Austrian border region. Centered on the town of Laufen and Waginger See , it stretches between the left shore of the Salzach River in the east and the Bavarian Chiemgau cultural landscape in the west. The northern Rupertiwinkel up to Mt. Rampelsberg and
34-705: A triangular region of plateau and rolling foothills in Southern Germany , stretching from Lake Constance in the west to beyond Linz on the Danube in the east, with the Bavarian Alps forming its south boundary and the Danube its northern extent. The Alpine Foreland has been shaped under the influence of the ice ages and has a rich variety of landforms . A molasse basin of extensive Tertiary and Quaternary sediments — silt and clay , sand and sedimentary rocks from Alpine erosion — overlay
51-879: Is commonly subdivided into three natural regions : In the west, the Alpine Foreland stretches along the Danube up to its sources in the Black Forest and beyond Lake Constance continues as the Swiss Plateau . In the east, the Austrian Alpine Foreland comprises the Flachgau region of Salzburg , the adjacent Innviertel , Hausruckviertel and Traunviertel of Upper Austria , as well as the Mostviertel region of Lower Austria up to
68-425: Is the third or vertical dimension of land surface . Topography is the study of terrain, although the word is often used as a synonym for relief itself. When relief is described underwater , the term bathymetry is used. In cartography , many different techniques are used to describe relief, including contour lines and triangulated irregular networks . Elementary landforms (segments, facets, relief units) are
85-892: The Alz River at Trostberg is administrated within the Traunstein District, the northernmost municipality of Tyrlaching within the district of Altötting . The southern half down to the Hochstaufen and Teisenberg peaks of the Chiemgau Alps and the Saalach River is part of Berchtesgadener Land . Since the early Middle Ages, the area was part of the Salzburggau within the Bavarian stem duchy . Already about 700 Duke Theodo of Bavaria granted
102-579: The Salzach river on the border with Austria . The numerous lakes include Lake Constance , Lake Starnberg and Chiemsee . The largest cities of the region are Munich , located in the centre of the Alpine Foreland on the River Isar, and Augsburg , located in the very centre of Southern Germany on the river Lech. According to the Handbook of Natural Region Divisions of Germany , the Alpine Foreland
119-549: The Salzburg state administration demanded an affiliation with Austria, the claims were strongly rejected. 47°56′12″N 12°55′57″E / 47.9367°N 12.9325°E / 47.9367; 12.9325 Bavarian Alpine Foreland The Alpine Foreland , less commonly called the Bavarian Foreland , Bavarian Plateau or Bavarian Alpine Foreland ( German : Bayerisches Alpenvorland ), refers to
136-677: The Tulln Basin. 48°N 12°E / 48°N 12°E / 48; 12 Landform A landform is a natural or anthropogenic land feature on the solid surface of the Earth or other planetary body . Landforms together make up a given terrain , and their arrangement in the landscape is known as topography . Landforms include hills , mountains , canyons , and valleys , as well as shoreline features such as bays , peninsulas , and seas , including submerged features such as mid-ocean ridges , volcanoes , and
153-509: The Universe . Examples are mountains, hills, polar caps, and valleys, which are found on all of the terrestrial planets . The scientific study of landforms is known as geomorphology . In onomastic terminology, toponyms (geographical proper names) of individual landform objects (mountains, hills, valleys, etc.) are called oronyms . Landforms may be extracted from a digital elevation model (DEM) using some automated techniques where
170-586: The Alpine nappes . Features such as the morainic hills, gravel sandar and lakes have left a record of various glaciation stages in this region. The Alpine Foreland is crossed by the rivers Iller , Wertach , Lech , Isar and Inn , its western boundary roughly being formed by the border of the Bavarian administrative district of Swabia with the State of Baden-Württemberg , and its eastern boundary being
187-637: The early 14th century, the Rupertiwinkel formed the western part of the Salzburg Flachgau region. The archbishops made Palace Staufeneck an episcopal residence; in the north, Tittmoning Castle was rebuilt as a border fortress. When the prince-archbishopric was secularised in 1803, the last Prince-Archbishop Count Hieronymus von Colloredo was replaced by Ferdinand III of Habsburg-Lorraine , former Grand Duke of Tuscany , who went on to rule as Elector of Salzburg until 1806. With Salzburg,
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#1732772951995204-591: The four major types of landforms. Minor landforms include buttes , canyons, valleys, and basins. Tectonic plate movement under the Earth can create landforms by pushing up mountains and hills. Oceans and continents exemplify the highest-order landforms. Landform elements are parts of a high-order landforms that can be further identified and systematically given a cohesive definition such as hill-tops, shoulders, saddles , foreslopes and backslopes. Some generic landform elements including: pits, peaks, channels, ridges, passes, pools and plains. Terrain (or relief )
221-596: The great ocean basins . Landforms are categorized by characteristic physical attributes such as elevation, slope, orientation, structure stratification , rock exposure, and soil type. Gross physical features or landforms include intuitive elements such as berms , mounds , hills , ridges , cliffs , valleys , rivers , peninsulas , volcanoes , and numerous other structural and size-scaled (e.g. ponds vs. lakes , hills vs. mountains ) elements including various kinds of inland and oceanic waterbodies and sub-surface features. Mountains, hills, plateaux , and plains are
238-492: The role of vegetation in the development of dune systems and salt marshes , and the work of corals and algae in the formation of coral reefs . Landforms do not include several man-made features, such as canals , ports and many harbors ; and geographic features, such as deserts , forests , and grasslands . Many of the terms are not restricted to refer to features of the planet Earth , and can be used to describe surface features of other planets and similar objects in
255-644: The smallest homogeneous divisions of the land surface, at the given scale/resolution. These are areas with relatively homogeneous morphometric properties, bounded by lines of discontinuity. A plateau or a hill can be observed at various scales, ranging from a few hundred meters to hundreds of kilometers. Hence, the spatial distribution of landforms is often scale-dependent, as is the case for soils and geological strata. A number of factors, ranging from plate tectonics to erosion and deposition (also due to human activity), can generate and affect landforms. Biological factors can also influence landforms—for example, note
272-621: The territory passed to the Austrian Empire thereafter. In the wake of the Vienna Congress , Austria and Bavaria finally agreed in 1816 to make the course of the Salzach the border between their lands. Though the population of the Rupertiwinkel stresses its social and cultural distinctiveness (especially in folk music and Tracht costumes), the region became a constituent part of the Bavarian state. When after World War II
289-544: The village of Piding to Bishop Rupert. Due to the fertile soils west of the Salzach River, the archbishops in the following centuries aspired to enlarge their possessions. In 1125 the Höglwörth Abbey was founded, a Canons Regular monastery near Anger . In the course of the elevation of Salzburg to a Prince-archbishopric , the episcopal territory was acknowledged by Duke Louis II of Bavaria in 1275. From
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