Rusila ( Jawi : روسيلا) is a village in Marang District , Terengganu , Malaysia .
66-467: The settlement was believed to be founded by immigrants from Patani Kingdom , in present-day southern Thailand , during the 19th century. Rusila is famous as an Islamic learning centre for ordinary people in Terengganu . The main mosque here, known as Masjid Rusila , is notable for being the home mosque of PAS President Abdul Hadi Awang , who is Member of Parliament of Marang since 1990. There
132-473: A beautiful white mouse-deer the size of a goat, which then disappeared. He asked his men where the animal had gone, and they replied: "Pata ni lah!" This ruler then ordered a town be built where the mouse-deer had disappeared it was then named after "this beach". The founder is named in some sources as either Sri Wangsa or Phaya Tunakpa, a ruler of Kota Malikha or Kota Mahligai. The first ruler of Patani (some sources say his son) later converted to Islam and took
198-495: A city-state no later than 1127, which continued until the establishment of the Sukhothai Kingdom in 1238. In contrast, some historians suggest the migration of Tai peoples into Mainland Southeast Asia was somewhat gradual, and likely took place between the 8th and 10th centuries. Prior to the rise of Sukhothai, various other Tai kingdoms existed in the neighboring northern highlands. These include Ngoenyang of
264-544: A kingdom at Martaban , the predecessor to Hanthawaddy (present-day Bago , Myanmar ). Martaban is traditionally considered a tributary state of Sukhothai, but such Sukhothai domination may not have extended that far. With regard to religion and culture, Ram Khamhaeng requested monks from Sri Thamnakorn to propagate Theravada Buddhism in Sukhothai. In 1283, the Sukhothai script was likely invented by Ram Khamhaeng;
330-604: A more conciliatory stance towards the Siamese. The Siamese had intended to attack Patani again in 1635, but the Raja of Kedah intervened to help with the negotiation. In 1641, Raja Kuning visited the Ayutthayan court to resume good relation. The power of the queen had declined by this period, and she did not appear to wield any significant political power. In 1646, Patani joined other tributary states to rebel against Ayutthaya, but
396-472: A position similar to both that of a viceroy and an heir presumptive , establishing a form of personal union and creating the Siamese Front Palace system. Prince Ramesuan was presumably accompanied by Ayutthayan administrative staff and a military garrison, thus affirming the end of Sukhothai as an independent kingdom. Under tributary status, the former territories of Sukhothai, known to
462-516: A result Pattani prospered. It also become a centre of culture, producing high quality works of music, dance, drama and handicraft. An Englishman Peter Floris who visited Patani in 1612–1613 described a dance performed in Patani as the finest he had seen in the Indies. Chinese merchants were important in the rise of Patani as a regional trade center. Chinese, Malay and Siamese merchants traded throughout
528-481: A successful fishing outpost, other people moved to join him. The town that grew into a prosperous trading center would continue to bear his name. Patani has been suggested to be founded some time between 1350 and 1450, although its history before 1500 is unclear. According to the Malay Annals , Chau Sri Wangsa, a Siamese prince, founded Patani by conquering Kota Mahligai . He converted to Islam and took on
594-461: A vassal state. He was succeeded by Sai Lue Thai (Maha Thammaracha III) in 1399. In 1424, after the death of Sai Lue Thai, his sons Phaya Ram and Phaya Ban Mueang fought for the throne. Intharacha of Ayutthaya intervened and installed Ban Mueang as Borommapan (Maha Thammaracha IV). When Borommapan died in 1438, Borommarachathirat II of Ayutthaya installed his son Ramesuan (the future Borommatrailokkanat of Ayutthaya) as Upparat in Sukhothai,
660-637: A way to access the Chinese market. After 1620, the Dutch and English both closed their warehouses, but a prosperous trade was continued by the Chinese, Japanese, and Portuguese for most of the 17th century. Raja Hijau died on 28 August 1616 and was succeeded by her sister Raja Biru (the Blue Queen), who was around 50 when she became queen. Raja Biru persuaded the Kelantan Sultanate that lay to
726-519: Is an old concept of 'Menadah Kitab' which means the people who want to learn Islam will go to the place where there is an Islamic religious teacher to learn different aspect of Islam. This article about a location in the Sultanate of Terengganu is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Patani Kingdom Patani , or the Sultanate of Patani ( Jawi : كسلطانن ڤطاني)
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#1732793496620792-552: Is said to have adopted Theravada Buddhism as the state religion of Sukhothai; the accuracy of these claims by traditional historians is disputed. To the north, Ram Khamhaeng placed Phrae and Muang Sua (present-day Luang Prabang , Laos ), among other mandala city-states, under tribute . To the west, Ram Khamhaeng helped assist the Mon people under Wareru (who is said to have eloped with Ram Khamhaeng's daughter) in their rebellion against Pagan control, and Wareru would establish
858-514: The British diplomatic mission. From then on, as a part of modern nation-building process, modern national Siamese history included the history of the Sukhothai Kingdom. Sukhothai was said to be the "first national capital", followed by Ayutthaya and Thonburi , until Rattanakosin , or today Bangkok . Sukhothai history was crucial among Siam's "modernists", both "conservative" and "revolutionary". Sukhothai history became even more important after
924-598: The Gulf of Thailand . Langkasuka reached its greatest economic success in the 6th and 7th centuries and afterward declined as a major trade center. Political circumstances suggest that by the 11th century, Langkasuka was no longer a major port visited by merchants. However, much of the decline may be due to the silting up of the waterway linking it to the sea. The most substantial ruins believed to be ancient Langkasuka have been found in Yarang located approximately 15 kilometres from
990-920: The Northern Thai people (present-day Chiang Saen ) and Chiang Hung of the Tai Lue people (present-day Jinghong , China ). According to semi-legendary Shan documents, the Mau Shan Prince, Sam Lung-pha of Mogaung , before he established the Tai kingdom of the Ahom in Assam in 1229, raided the Menam valley and the Malay peninsula as far as Tawi ( Dawei ) and Yansaleng ( Junk Ceylon ?). This purported influx of armed Tai may have had something to do with establishing
1056-473: The Sanskrit sukha ( Sanskrit : सुख , 'lasting happiness') and udaya ( Sanskrit : उदय , 'rise' or 'emergence'). Together, the phrase can be interpreted as meaning "dawn of happiness". According to the legend, the city of Sukhothai was founded in 494 BCE followed by its twin city of Chaliang ( เชลียง ) after Tai-speaking people migrated southward from the upper Mekong basin. Later in 500 CE, after
1122-672: The Siamese Revolution of 1932 . Research and writing on Sukhothai history were abundant. Ideas derived from the inscription were studied and "theorised". One of the most well-known topics was Sukhothai's "democracy" rule. Stories of the close relationship between the king and his people, vividly described as a "father-son" relationship, were considered the "seed" of ancient Thai democracy; however, changes in government took place when later society embraced "foreign" traditions, like those of Angkor , influenced by Hinduism and "mystic" Mahayana Buddhism . The story of Sukhothai became
1188-732: The Sukhothai Historical Park and have been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . The English term Sukhothai ( Thai : สุโขทัย ) is the romanization of the Thai word per the Royal Thai General System of Transcription . The Thai word for the historical country was a transliteration of the Khmer spelling, rendered in English as Sukhodaya ( Khmer : សុខោទ័យ ). The Khmer term is itself derived from
1254-425: The "first evidence" of the history of Sukhothai. Mongkut said that he found a "first stone inscription" in Sukhothai which told of heroic kings such as Ram Khamhaeng , the administrative system, and other developments in what was considered the "prosperous time" of the kingdom. The story of Sukhothai was incorporated into Thailand's "national history" in the late 19th century by Mongkut as a historical work presented to
1320-653: The Ayutthayan elite through marriage alliances, and often played the role of kingmaker in Ayutthayan succession conflicts. Sukhothai military leaders served prominently in Ayutthaya's army as the military tradition of Sukhothai was considered to be tougher. From 1456 to 1474, former Sukhothai territory became a battleground during the Ayutthaya-Lan Na War (1441–1474). In 1462, Sukhothai briefly rebelled against Ayutthaya and allied itself with their enemy, Lan Na . In 1463, Borommatrailokkanat temporarily moved
1386-766: The Burmese, and Bayinnaung installed Maha Thammaracha (Sanphet I) as the vassal king in Ayutthaya and the first king of the Sukhothai dynasty . In 1584, Maha Thammaracha and his son, the Upparat and future Naresuan the Great (Sanphet II), would free Ayutthaya from Burmese overlordship in the Burmese-Siamese War of 1584–1593 . After the Battle of the Sittaung River, Naresuan forcibly relocated people from
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#17327934966201452-473: The Siamese ownership of Patani in the Burney Treaty in 1826. The throne stayed vacant for a few decades until 1842, when a member of Kelantanese royalty returned to reclaim the throne. While the raja ruled over Patani independently of Siam, Patani also recognised the authority of Siam and regularly sent the bunga mas tribute. In 1902, in a bid to assert full control of Patani, Siam arrested and deposed
1518-527: The Sukhothai nobility continued to influence the Ayutthaya monarchy in centuries after through the Sukhothai dynasty . Sukhothai is traditionally known as "the first Thai kingdom" in Thai historiography, but current historical consensus agrees that the history of the Thai people began much earlier . The ruins of the kingdom's capital, now 12 km (7.5 mi) outside the modern town of Sukhothai Thani in Sukhothai Province , are preserved as
1584-414: The Tai kingdom of Sukhothai. According to legend, in 1238, a group of Central Thai peoples led by a local mueang chief, Pho Khun Bang Klang Hao, rebelled against the governor at Sukhodaya and established Sukhothai as an independent Thai state. Bang Klang Hao was assisted by a local ally, Pho Khun Pha Mueang . This event was a turning point in the history of the Tai peoples, as Sukhothai would remain
1650-648: The Thai court in the years prior. King Chakkraphat fled the city for two months but Mudhaffar failed to take the throne. He died suddenly in 1564 on his way back to Patani. His brother Sultan Manzur Shah (1564–1572) who was left in charge in Patani while he was away then became the ruler of Patani. Manzur Shah ruled for nine years, and after his death, Patani entered a period of political instability and violence. Two of its rulers were murdered by their relatives in fights for succession. The nine-year-old Raja Patik Siam (son of Mudhaffar Shah) and his regent (his aunt Raja Aisyah), were both murdered by his brother Raja Mambang, who
1716-771: The area, as well as Persians, Indians and Arabs. They were joined by others including the Portuguese in 1516, the Japanese in 1592, the Dutch in 1602, the English in 1612. The period of prosperity lasted between 1584 to 1688. Many Chinese also moved to Patani, perhaps due to the activity of Chinese pirate Lin Daoqian . A 1603 Dutch report by Jacob van Neck estimated that there may be as many Chinese in Patani as there were native Malays, and that they were responsible for most of
1782-410: The capital Haripuñjaya was sacked by Kuy people from Umongasela. Sukhothai declared independence from Umongasela in 1017 during the reign of Arun Kuman ( อรุณกุมาร ). Controlling trade routes between Mon city-states in the west and Tai kingdoms in the north, as well as other polities in the lower Chao Phraya River basin, made Sukhothai emerge as the logistics hub in the region and evolved into
1848-510: The capital. Under Lavo control, various monuments was built in the city, several of which still stand in the Sukhothai Historical Park . They include the Ta Pha Daeng Shrine, Wat Phra Phai Luang, and Wat Si Sawai. It was then shifted to Tai 's Lan Na since the early 14th century and steadily influenced by Mon and Sri Lanka through Theravada Buddhism since the reign of Ram Khamhaeng . In 1270, Si Inthrathit died and
1914-539: The capture and destruction of the city of Ayutthaya in 1767, as well as the death of the king. Siam was shattered, and as rivals fought for the vacant throne, Patani declared its complete independence. King Taksin defeated the Burmese and reunified the country, opening the way for the establishment of the Chakri dynasty by his successor, King Rama I . In 1786 Siam sent an army led by Prince Surasi (Viceroy Boworn Maha Surasinghanat ), younger brother of King Rama I, to seek
1980-599: The center of Tai power until the end of the 14th century. Bang Klang Hao ruled Sukhothai under the regnal name Si Inthrathit and established the Phra Ruang dynasty . Under the rule of Si Inthrathit, the primordial kingdom expanded its influence to the bordering cities surrounding the capital. By the end of his reign in 1270, Sukhothai covered the entire upper valley of the Chao Phraya River , then known simply as Mae Nam ( Thai : แม่น้ำ , 'mother of waters'),
2046-479: The commercial activity of Patani. In 1619, John Jourdain , the East India Company's chief factor at Bantam was killed off the coast of Patani by the Dutch. Ships were also lost, which eventually led to the withdrawal of the English from Patani. Potteries from the middle Ming to late Qing dynasties are found in the city, indicating extensive faraway trade. Patani was seen by European traders as
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2112-482: The death of Ram Khamhaeng. To the north, Uttaradit and the Lao kingdoms of Muang Sua and Vieng Chan Vieng Kham (present-day Vientiane ) liberated themselves from their Sukhothai overlords. In 1319, Martaban in the west broke away. In 1321, Lan Na (the successor state to Ngoenyang ) annexed Tak , one of the oldest towns in Sukhothai. To the south, Suphannaphum Kingdom and Nakhon Si Thammarat also broke free early in
2178-487: The earliest evidence of this ancient Thai writing is seen in the Ram Khamhaeng Inscription , discovered by Mongkut (Rama IV) nearly six centuries later. The script later evolved into the modern Thai script of today. It was also during this time that the first relations with Yuan China were established and Sukhothai began sending trade missions to China. The well-known exported good of Sukhothai
2244-545: The establishment of the Lavo Kingdom , a nobel from Lavo named Phalirat ( Thai : พาลีราช ) became the first Sukhothai governor. The following rulers after Phalirat remain unclear. It was expected that the city would be abandoned in the late 6th century due to the invasion of another Austroasiatic -speaking people from Umongasela ( อุโมงคเสลา ) in the present-day Fang and was then re-established in 957 by Aphai Kamini ( อภัยคามินี ) who evacuated from Haripuñjaya after
2310-564: The generic Thai name for all rivers. In the first era, Sukhothai strongly shared a connection with western Mon neighbor, Hanthawaddy Kingdom , in present-day lower Myanmar . From the 13th to 14th centuries, Sukhothai was strongly influenced by the Khmer culture as Lavo the regional center. About some fifty kilometers north of Sukhodaya stood another sister town, Sri Sajanalaya , that would later become Si Satchanalai ( Thai : ศรีสัชนาลัย ), an important center of Sukhothai politics alongside
2376-537: The historical kings of Sukhothai, and married one of Maha Chakkraphat's daughters, strengthening his claim to both a historical and present monarchy. Despite this, the title of Upparat went to Maha Chakkraphat's son Ramesuan (who died in 1564) and later his brother Mahinthrathirat . After a series of wars with the Burmese Toungoo Empire , Maha Thammaracha allied himself with the Burmese against Ayutthaya. In 1569, Ayutthaya under Mahinthrathirat fell to
2442-420: The invasion, political disorder continued for five decades, during which the local rulers were helpless to end the lawlessness of the region, and most foreign merchants abandoned trade with Patani. Towards the end of the 17th century, Patani was described in Chinese sources as sparsely populated and barbaric. In the 18th century, Ayutthaya under King Ekkathat faced another Burmese invasion . This culminated in
2508-429: The isthmus during the 14th century, and controlled many smaller vassal states in a self-governing system in which the vassal states and tributary provinces pledged allegiance to the king of Ayutthaya , but otherwise ran their own affairs. The Hikayat Patani suggests the name Patani means "this beach" which is " pata ni " ( pantai ini ) in the local Malay language . In this story, a ruler went hunting one day and saw
2574-534: The king of a rare skin disease. After much negotiation (and recurrence of the disease), the king agreed to convert to Islam, adopting the name Sultan Ismail Shah. All of the Sultan's officials also agreed to convert. However, there is fragmentary evidence that some local people had begun to convert to Islam prior to this. The existence of a diasporic Pasai community near Patani shows the locals had regular contact with Muslims . Patani became more important after Malacca
2640-561: The kingdom by Si Inthrathit in 1238. Sukhothai existed as an independent polity until 1438 when it fell under the influence of the neighboring Ayutthaya after the death of Borommapan (Maha Thammaracha IV). Sukhothai was originally a trade center in Lavo —itself under the suzerainty of the Khmer Empire —when Central Thai people led by Pho Khun Bang Klang Hao, a local leader, revolted and gained their independence. Bang Klang Hao took
2706-494: The kingdom developed the techniques to produce and export ceramics like sangkhalok ware . After the reign of Ram Khamhaeng, the kingdom fell into decline. In 1349, during the reign of Li Thai (Maha Thammaracha I), Sukhothai was invaded by the Ayutthaya Kingdom, a neighboring Thai polity. It remained a tributary state of Ayutthaya until it was annexed by the kingdom in 1438 after the death of Borommapan. Despite this,
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2772-506: The last raja of Patani after he refused Siam's demand for administrative reform, thus ending Patani as an independent state. Sukhothai Kingdom The Sukhothai Kingdom was a post-classical Siamese kingdom ( maṇḍala ) in Mainland Southeast Asia surrounding the ancient capital city of Sukhothai in present-day north-central Thailand . It evolved from a trading hub to a city-state in 1127 and emerged into
2838-467: The model of "freedom". Chit Phumisak , a "revolutionary" scholar, saw the Sukhothai period as the beginning of the Thai people's liberation from their foreign ruler in Angkor. During military rule beginning in the 1950s, Sukhothai was increasingly featured in the Thai national history curriculum. Sukhothai's "father-son" model for Thai democracy in contrast to Angkorian tradition became one of freedom from
2904-480: The monarch's residence to Song Khwae, presumably to be closer to the frontline, and the city was permanently renamed to Phitsanulok. Contemporary Portuguese traders described Ayutthaya and Phitsanulok as "twin states". In 1548, Maha Chakkraphat named Khun Phirenthorathep, a noble from the Sukhothai clan, as the leader in Phitsanulok. Phirenthorathep was conferred with the name Maha Thammaracha in line with
2970-428: The name Sultan Ismail Shah or Mahmud Shah. The Hikayat Patani also mentions that the ruler met an old fisherman there, who replied "Encik Tani" ("Mister Tani") when asked his name. An alternative suggestion is therefore that the town was named after the old fisherman, Pak Tani (Father Tani), who was sent by a king from the interior to survey the coast, to find a place for an appropriate settlement. After he established
3036-412: The northern cities of Phitsanulok , Sukhothai , Phichai , Sawankhalok , Kamphaeng Phet , Phichit , and Phra Bang closer to Ayutthaya. Since then, the ruins of the capital city of the former Sukhothai Kingdom have been preserved as the Sukhothai Historical Park and designated a World Heritage Site . The Silajaruek of Sukhothai are hundreds of stone inscriptions that form a historical record of
3102-538: The people of Ayutthaya as the Northern Cities ( Thai : เมืองเหนือ , RTGS : Mueang Nua ), continued to be ruled by local aristocrats under Ayutthaya's overlordship per the mandala systems of both dominions. The mandalas would politically and culturally merge during the 15th and 16th centuries, and Sukhothai's warfare, administration, architecture, religious practice, and language influenced those of Ayutthaya. Sukhothai nobles linked themselves with
3168-407: The period. Among the most important inscriptions are the Ram Khamhaeng Inscription (also known as Inscription No. 1), Silajaruek Wat Srichum (an account on the history of the region itself and of Sri Lanka ), and Silajaruek Wat Pamamuang (a politico-religious record of Loe Thai). Mongkut (Rama IV) is considered the champion of Sukhothai narrative history due to his discovery of Inscription No. 1,
3234-404: The regnal name of Si Inthrathit and became the first monarch of the Phra Ruang dynasty . The kingdom was centralized and expanded to its greatest extent during the reign of Ram Khamhaeng the Great (1279–1298), who some historians considered to have introduced Theravada Buddhism and the initial Thai script to the kingdom. Ram Khamhaeng also initiated relations with Yuan China , through which
3300-532: The reign of Loe Thai. Thus, the kingdom was quickly reduced to its former status as merely a local power. In 1323, Loe Thai was succeeded by his cousin, Ngua Nam Thum . In 1347, he was succeeded by Li Thai (Maha Thammaracha I), the son of Loe Thai. In 1349, armies from Ayutthaya invaded the kingdom and forced Sukhothai to become its tributary. The center of power in the tributary state shifted to Song Khwae (present-day Phitsanulok ). In 1378, Lue Thai (Maha Thammaracha II) had to submit to this new Thai power as
3366-546: The sea and the current city of Pattani . How or when Langkasuka was replaced by Patani is unknown. Patani is not mentioned in the Javanese text Nagarakretagama written in 1365, but places such as Langkasuka, Sai and Kelantan are, which may indicate Patani had yet to be founded in this period. Hikayat Patani indicates that the immediate predecessor of Patani was Kota Mahligai ("the citadel town") whose ruler founded Patani, perhaps some time between 1350 and 1450. This Patani
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#17327934966203432-601: The south to become incorporated into Patani. After Raja Biru died in 1624, she was succeeded by her younger sister Raja Ungu (the Purple Queen). Raja Ungu, was more confrontational towards the Siamese, and abandoned the Siamese title peracau , using instead paduka syah alam ("her excellency ruler of the world"). She stopped paying the bunga mas tribute to Siam, and formed an alliance with Johor , marrying her daughter (who later became Raja Kuning ) off to their ruler Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah III . However, her daughter
3498-512: The state after its last raja was deposed in 1902. An early kingdom in the Patani area was the Hindu - Buddhist Langkasuka , founded in the region as early as the 2nd century. It appeared in many accounts by Chinese travellers, among them was the Buddhist pilgrim Yijing . The kingdom drew trade from Chinese, Indian , and local traders as a stopping place for ships bound for, or arriving from,
3564-474: The submission of Patani. The siege of Patani by Siam occurred in 1786, this is followed by the destruction of the town, massacres as well as deportations of the inhabitants. Further, Siam invaded Patani several times in 1789–1791, 1808, 1831–1832 and 1838. This served to completely end the centuries old mandala system, effectively ending Pattani's status of an independent state. Bangkok divided Patani into seven small principalities ( hua muang ). Britain recognised
3630-399: The throne in 1584 and was followed by Raja Biru (The Blue Queen), Raja Ungu (The Purple Queen) and Raja Kuning (The Yellow Queen). During this period the kingdom's economic and military strength was greatly increased to the point that it was able to fight off four major Siamese invasions. It had declined by the late 17th century and it was invaded by Siam in 1786, which eventually absorbed
3696-407: The title of Sri Sultan Ahmad Shah in the late 15th to early 16th century. Patani may have become Islamised some time in the middle of 15th century, one source gives a date of 1470, but earlier dates have been proposed. A story tells of a sheikh named Sa'id or Shafi'uddin from Kampong Pasai (presumably a small community of traders from Pasai who lived on the outskirts of Patani) reportedly healed
3762-425: The title of peracau derived from the Siamese royal title phra chao . Early in her reign she saw off an attempted coup by her prime minister, Bendahara Kayu Kelat. She also ordered that a channel be dug with a river dammed to divert water to ensure the supply of water to Patani. Raja Hijau ruled for 32 years, and brought considerable stability to the country. During her reign, trade with the outside increased, and as
3828-472: Was captured by the Portuguese in 1511 as Muslim traders sought alternative trading ports. A Dutch source indicates that most of the traders were Chinese, but 300 Portuguese traders had also settled in Patani by 1540s, but there were also Siamese and Japanese merchants. Portuguese sources mentioned their attack on Patani in 1524 and Chinese living in the city. Raja Mahmud ruled in the mid-16th century and
3894-515: Was a Malay sultanate in the historical Pattani Region . It covered approximately the area of the modern Thai provinces of Pattani , Yala , Narathiwat and part of the Malaysian state of Kelantan . The 2nd–15th century state of Langkasuka and the 6–7th century state of Pan Pan may have been related. The golden age of Patani started during the reign of the first of its four successive queens, Raja Hijau (The Green Queen), who came to
3960-510: Was already married to the king of Bordelong ( Phatthalung ), Okphaya Déca, who prompted the Siamese to attack Patani in 1633–1634. Siam, however, failed to take Patani. Raja Ungu died in 1634, and was succeeded by the last of four successive female rulers of Patani, Raja Kuning (or Ratu Kuning, the Yellow Queen). The war with Siam had caused considerable suffering to Patani as well as a significant decline in trade, and Raja Kuning adopted
4026-526: Was in turn killed. The son of Manzur Shah, Raja Bahdur, succeeded at the age of 10, but was later murdered by his half-brother Raja Bima after a dispute, and Raja Bima was himself killed. Raja Hijau (or Ratu Hijau, the Green Queen) came to the throne in 1584, apparently the result of a lack of male heirs after they were all killed in the turbulent preceding period, and became the first queen of Patani. Raja Hijau acknowledged Siamese authority, and adopted
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#17327934966204092-568: Was later subdued by Ayutthaya. According to Kelantanese sources, Raja Kuning was deposed in 1651 by the Raja of Kelantan , who installed his son as the ruler of Patani, and the period of Kelantanese dynasty in Patani began. A different queen appeared to have been in control of Patani again by 1670, and three queens of Kelantan lineage may have ruled Patani from 1670 to 1718. When Phetracha took control of Ayutthaya in 1688, Patani refused to acknowledge his authority and rebelled. Ayutthaya then invaded with 50,000 men and subdued Patani. Following
4158-672: Was located in Keresik (name in Malay) or Kru Se (in Thai), a few kilometers to the east of the current city. However, some think Patani was the same country known to the Chinese as Pan Pan . The region had been subject to Siamese control for some time. In the 14th century, King Ram Khamhaeng the Great ( c. 1239 – 1317) of Sukhothai occupied Nakhon Si Thammarat and its vassal states which would include Patani if it had existed at that date. The Siamese Ayutthaya Kingdom also conquered
4224-471: Was seen as 'ruling justly' which caused considerable developments to the region. Sultan Ismail Shah was succeeded by Mudhaffar Shah. This period saw the rise of Burma , which made war on Ayutthaya. Another Burmese-Siamese war (1563–1564) led by King Bayinnaung forced King Maha Chakkraphat to surrender in 1564. Taking advantage of the instability in Ayutthaya, the sultan of Patani Mudhaffar Shah attacked Ayutthaya in 1563 due to his unwelcome reception in
4290-427: Was succeeded by his son Ban Mueang . At the end of Ban Mueang's reign, he was succeeded by his brother Ram Khamhaeng the Great ; both expanded Sukhothai beyond the borders established by their father. To the south, Ram Khamhaeng subjugated the mandala kingdoms of Suvarnabhumi (likely present-day Suphan Buri ) and Tambralinga (present-day Nakhon Si Thammarat ). Through the acquisition of Tambralinga, Ram Khamhaeng
4356-689: Was the sangkhalok ware . This was the only period in Thai history that Siam produced Chinese-style ceramics, and they fell out of use by the 14th century. By the beginning of the fourteenth century, Sukhothai controlled the Chao Phraya plain, with spurs West to the Hanthawaddy Kingdom and South to the Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom . After the death of Ram Khamhaeng, he was succeeded by his son Loe Thai . Tributary states of Sukhothai began to break away rapidly after
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