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58-590: Train was born on June 4, 1920, in Jamestown, Rhode Island , but grew up in Washington, D.C. His father was an officer in the United States Navy who was frequently away on assignment. The youngest of the three sons of Rear Admiral Charles Russell Train and the former Errol Cuthbert. His paternal grandfather was Rear Admiral Charles J. Train , and his great-grandfather Charles R. Train had been

116-653: A " culture of fear " and of "ethical failure." Devaney has also said, "Simply stated, short of a crime, anything goes at the highest levels of the Department of Interior." Launched in June of 2021, the Federal Indian Boarding School Initiative intended to investigate federal Indian boarding school policies and multi-generational impacts of trauma on American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian children. Released in two volumes,

174-549: A U.S. Congressman and Massachusetts Attorney General . An ancestor, John Trayne, had emigrated from Scotland to the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1635. He was trained in the ways of Washington from an early age. His father had an office at the White House, where he served as President Herbert Hoover's Naval aide. In 1932, Mrs. Hoover invited Mr. Train and his older brothers, Cuthbert and Middleton, to spend

232-519: A member of Congress for New Mexico, took the oath of office as secretary, becoming the first American Indian to lead an executive department, and the third woman to lead the department. DOI Convocation Honor Award is the most prestigious recognition that can be granted by the department. The following awards are presented at the Honor Awards Convocation: In 2018, DOI established 12 organizational regions to be used across

290-502: A member of the National Water Commission, charged by Congress with reviewing national water policies. In 1968, Train was selected to serve as Chairman, Task Force on Environment for U.S. President-elect Richard M. Nixon. His selection, and the creation of the task force, signals the growing acceptance by the incoming administration of the "environment" as a public policy concept. Train served as Under Secretary of

348-540: A steam-powered ferryboat in 1872 and initiated service between Jamestown and Newport in May 1873. The availability of reliable and comfortable ferry service to and from Newport had a significant impact on agricultural Conanicut Island, and Jamestown became a destination for both day trips and summer vacations. The 1880s and 1890s saw a construction boom, with hotels, private summer homes, and municipal buildings going up. The island's population tripled between 1870 and 1900. There

406-464: A torpedo factory on Goat Island , and a torpedo station on Gould Island . Jamestown was a bustling summer destination in the early 1900s, and it had nine hotels in 1903. The golden age of large resort hotels was brief, however, in Jamestown and elsewhere, and patronage rapidly declined in the 1920s. The Thorndike Hotel was demolished in 1938. The Gardner House was one of the larger hotels, but it

464-559: Is Bryan Newland, an enrolled member of the Bay Mills Indian Community . The department has been the subject of disputes over proper accounting for American Indian Trusts set up to track the income and distribution of monies that are generated by the trust and specific American Indian lands, which the government leases for fees to companies that extract oil, timber, minerals, and other resources. Several cases have sought an accounting of such funds from departments within

522-711: Is a town in Newport County, Rhode Island in the United States. The population was 5,559 at the 2020 census . Jamestown is situated almost entirely on Conanicut Island , the second largest island in Narragansett Bay . It also includes the uninhabited Dutch Island and Gould Island . According to the United States Census Bureau , the town has an area of 35.3 square miles (91 km ), of which 9.7 square miles (25 km )

580-660: Is housed in the Joseph F. Cullman 3rd Library of Natural History in Washington, D.C. The collection includes correspondence, drafts of publications, diaries, account books, ephemera, posters, news-clippings, biographies, memoirs, portraits, and the former personal property of selected explorers, big game hunters, missionaries, pioneers, and naturalists in Africa. The Train Collection is particularly strong in archival materials on

638-594: Is land and 25.6 square miles (66 km ) is water. The total area is 72.55% water. Rhode Island Route 138 is the only state highway in Jamestown, connecting the town and island to North Kingstown to the west (over the Jamestown Verrazzano Bridge ) and Newport to the east (over the Claiborne Pell Newport Bridge ). In 1524, Italian navigator Giovanni da Verrazzano and his crew visited Narragansett Bay. Dutch Island

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696-562: The Beavertail Lighthouse . Beavertail Lighthouse was back in operation by 1784, and Jamestown rebuilt the Jamestown Windmill and Quaker Meetinghouse in 1787 that had been destroyed during the occupation. In 1800, Fort Dumpling was established on the site of previous fortifications overlooking East Passage. A tall stone tower atop the highest cliff could hold eight guns. The town of Jamestown commissioned

754-623: The Department of State . The idea of a separate domestic department continued to percolate for a half-century and was supported by presidents from James Madison to James Polk . The 1846–48 Mexican–American War gave the proposal new steam as the responsibilities of the federal government grew. Polk's secretary of the treasury , Robert J. Walker , became a vocal champion of creating the new department. In 1849, Walker stated in his annual report that several federal offices were placed in departments with which they had little to do. He noted that

812-643: The Department of the Interior from 1969 to 1970. Between 1970 and 1973 he was Chairman of the newly formed Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ). During his time as Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency , Train led during the approval of the catalytic converter to achieve Clean Air Act automobile emission reductions; and the implementation of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) and

870-614: The National Park Service , and 544 national wildlife refuges through the Fish and Wildlife Service . The largest land management agency is the Bureau of Land Management , managing about one-eighth of the land in the United States. Despite its name, the Department of the Interior has a different role from that of the interior ministries of other nations, which are usually responsible for police matters and internal security. In

928-576: The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). As head of the EPA under Presidents Nixon and Ford, Train is generally credited with helping to place the issue of the environment on the presidential and national agenda in the late 1960s and early 1970s, a key period in the environmental movement. Train opened a dialog on global environmental issues with Soviet Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin , marking

986-644: The Potomac School and then the St. Albans School and graduated in 1937. Train then studied at Princeton University , from where he graduated with an A.B. in politics in 1941 after completing a 112-page long senior thesis titled "The United States versus Japan: A Study of Sea Power in the Atlantic." While at Princeton, he was in the United States Army ROTC program and upon graduation entered

1044-621: The Russell E. Train Education for Nature (EFN) Program to help build capacity for conservation in Africa, Asia, and Latin America by supporting academic and mid-career training. To date, EFN has awarded over 1,200 scholarships and training grants totaling 11.3 million since its establishment. Train was named chairman of WWF's National Council from 1994 to 2001. In 2003, Politics, Pollution and Panda: An Environmental Memoir by Russell E. Train

1102-585: The Senate . The department was established on March 3, 1849 (9  Stat.   395 ), the eve of President Zachary Taylor 's inauguration, when the Senate voted 31 to 25 to create the department. Its passage was delayed by Democrats in Congress who were reluctant to create more patronage posts for the incoming Whig administration to fill. The first secretary of the interior was Thomas Ewing . Several of

1160-788: The United States General Land Office had little to do with the Treasury and also highlighted the Indian Affairs office , part of the Department of War , and the Patent Office , part of the Department of State . Walker argued that these and other bureaus should be brought together in a new Department of the Interior. A bill authorizing its creation of the department passed the House of Representatives on February 15, 1849, and spent just over two weeks in

1218-630: The World Wildlife Fund (U.S.) was formed in Washington, D.C., on December 1, 1961, Russell Train became its first ever Vice-President; in later years he was named Chair Emeritus of the WWF. He was President of The Conservation Foundation from 1965 to 1969. In this role, Train helped to bring the environment to the American public's consciousness and lobbied for a high-level policy group at the highest levels of government. In 1966, Train became

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1276-476: The secretary of the interior , who reports directly to the president of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet . The current secretary is Deb Haaland . As of mid-2004, the department managed 507 million acres (2,050,000 km ) of surface land, or about one-fifth of the land in the United States. It manages 476 dams and 348 reservoirs through the Bureau of Reclamation , 431 national parks , monuments, historical sites, etc. through

1334-414: The 7th Annual Heinz Award Chairman's Medal, 2001, a prestigious prize honoring individuals who have made extraordinary achievements on issues of importance. Train was recognized as "a tireless advocate for the cause of the environment since 1961… the architect of an environmental agenda without parallel in history in its scope…and as a "truly outstanding example of how a single life can make a difference in

1392-620: The African wildlife conservation movement. Besides Roosevelt, the major persons represented in the Train Africana Collection include the journalist and explorer Henry Morton Stanley and members of his Emin Pasha Relief Expedition ( Thomas Heazle Parke , Robert H. Nelson , James S. Jameson, John Rose Troup, William Bonny, William Grant Stairs , Edmund Musgrave Barttelot , and Arthur J. M. Jephson );

1450-588: The American Community Survey in December 2019, Jamestown has a population of 5,496. There were 2,965 housing units of which 16.3% were rentals (including homes, apartments, etc.), for a housing density of 313.8 per square mile. Housing units decreased by −1.1% from 2010 to 2019. The median home price in Jamestown was $ 641,800, which is higher than most other towns in the region. Homes worth between $ 1,500,000 to $ 2,000,000 accounted for 17% of

1508-598: The Army as an officer. Train remained in the Army for four years during World War II , stationed both home and overseas and ending up on Okinawa . He attained the rank of major , before being discharged in 1946. Over the following two years Train attended Columbia University Law School , where he took an accelerated schedule and graduated with an LLB in 1948. Early in his career, Train served from 1949 to 1956 as Attorney, Chief Counsel, and Minority Advisor on various Congressional committees and from 1956 to 1957 as Assistant to

1566-708: The Brave was created and drawn by Jamestown resident Will Henry and set in the fictional Rhode Island town of Snug Harbor, which is loosely based on Jamestown. Department of the Interior The United States Department of the Interior ( DOI ) is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the management and conservation of most federal lands and natural resources . It also administers programs relating to Native Americans , Alaska Natives , Native Hawaiians , territorial affairs, and insular areas of

1624-651: The Conanicut Battery site for an observation and fire control station, and the government established a torpedo station and test facility on Gould Island . Then, at the end of the First World War, the Conanicut Island fortifications fell into disuse. World War II brought establishment or reactivation of military bases around Narragansett Bay, including Forts Getty , Burnside , and Wetherill on Conanicut Island, Fort Greble on Dutch Island,

1682-646: The Getty Prize "the Nobel Prize for Conservation." Begun in 1974, the Getty Prize originally honored outstanding contributions to wildlife conservation and now focuses on the education of future conservationists. In 1985, Train became chairman of the board of directors of World Wildlife Fund and The Conservation Foundation and served as chairman until 1994. In this same year, the Conservation Foundation formally affiliated with WWF. Though

1740-769: The Interior and Treasury (such as the Minerals Management Service), in what has been a 15-year-old lawsuit. Some American Indian nations have also sued the government over water-rights issues and their treaties with the US. In 2010 Congress passed the Claims Settlement Act of 2010 (Public Law 111-291), which provided $ 3.4 billion for the settlement of the Cobell v. Salazar class-action trust case and four American Indian water rights cases. On March 16, 2021, Deb Haaland , serving at that time as

1798-617: The Interior, at Fall's behest. Secretary of the Interior James G. Watt faced criticism for his alleged hostility to environmentalism, for his support of the development and use of federal lands by foresting, ranching, and other commercial interests, and for banning the Beach Boys from playing a 1983 Independence Day concert on the National Mall out of concerns of attracting "an undesirable element". His 1983 resignation

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1856-627: The Secretary and Head of the Legal Advisory Staff for the U.S. Treasury Department . In 1954, Train married the former Aileen Bowdoin Travers; they became the parents to four children – Nancy, Emily, Bowdoin and Errol. He was a judge for the U.S. Tax Court from 1957 to 1965, one of several appointments which went against a previously observed Senate Resolution prohibiting the appointment to that body of persons recently employed by

1914-789: The Treasury Department. In 1959, Train founded the Wildlife Leadership Foundation in hopes of establishing effective wildlife parks and reserves. In 1961, he founded the African Wildlife Foundation (AWF) to aid Africans in developing capacity to manage their own wildlife resources. He was chairman of the AWF from 1961 to 1969. He also helped establish the College of African Wildlife Management at Mweka (near Moshi ), Tanzania . When

1972-480: The United States, as well as programs related to historic preservation. About 75% of federal public land is managed by the department, with most of the remainder managed by the Department of Agriculture 's Forest Service . The department was created on March 3, 1849. It is headquartered at the Main Interior Building , located at 1849 C Street NW in Washington, D.C. The department is headed by

2030-455: The United States, national security and immigration functions are performed by the Department of Homeland Security primarily and the Department of Justice secondarily. The Department of the Interior has often been humorously called "the Department of Everything Else" because of its broad range of responsibilities. A department for domestic concern was first considered by the 1st United States Congress in 1789, but those duties were placed in

2088-467: The West Ferry docks—which actually speeded approvals for a bridge to Saunderstown. The first Jamestown Bridge opened in the summer of 1940, replacing West Ferry service with a continuously available link to the west. In 1969, the Claiborne Pell Newport Bridge was completed, establishing Route 138 as a continuous highway from South County to Newport. With its completion, traditional ferry service

2146-525: The birth of modern American environmental diplomacy Nixon pursued environmental diplomacy to garner domestic political support. After leaving EPA he served as president of the World Wildlife Fund -U.S. from 1978 to 1985 and as its chairman from 1985 to 1994. Under his guidance, World Wildlife Fund-US expanded its focus not only on species-related conservation projects, but also on protecting habitat by establishing national parks and nature reserves. It also developed innovative financial mechanisms, including

2204-590: The concept of using Third World debt reduction to protect the global environment. Through these debt-for-nature swaps , WWF started to convert portions of national debts into funding for conservation, beginning in the mid-eighties. Through Train's efforts, in 1983 the WWF-administered J. Paul Getty Wildlife Conservation Prize was presented to awardees in the White House Rose Garden by President Ronald Reagan . President Reagan called

2262-601: The domestic concerns the department originally dealt with were gradually transferred to other departments. For example, the Department of Interior was responsible for water pollution control prior to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency . Other agencies became separate departments, such as the Bureau of Agriculture , which later became the Department of Agriculture . However, land and natural resource management, American Indian affairs, wildlife conservation, and territorial affairs remain

2320-535: The following topics: the search for the source of the Nile and the progress of other exploring expeditions in Africa; the collecting of specimens of African animals, plants, and ethnological materials for zoos and museums (including a significant body of correspondence and photographs from the Smithsonian African Expedition in 1909-1910, led by President Theodore Roosevelt ); and the growth of

2378-444: The homes in Jamestown and 17% were worth $ 2,000,000 or more. The median real estate taxes paid amounted to $ 4,988. Private preschool enrollment on Jamestown was 36% of the total school age population. Of the residents, 97% were high school graduates or better and 65% had a bachelor’s degree or higher. Those with a professional degree (e.g., law or medicine) made up 5.7% of the town population. The median household income in Jamestown

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2436-555: The mainland. In December 1776, a British fleet arrived in Narragansett Bay and occupied Newport. The British took over the colonial militia batteries at Fort Dumpling (now part of Fort Wetherill ) and the Conanicut Battery at Beavertail, just south of Fort Getty at the end of Battery Lane. They left Narragansett Bay in October 1779; as they departed, they destroyed the fortifications which they had occupied and burned down

2494-497: The medical missionary Dr. David Livingstone and his father-in-law Robert Moffat ; taxidermist Carl Akeley ; zoologist Edmund Heller ; hunter Frederick Selous ; artist and adventure writer A. Radclyffe Dugmore; explorers Samuel Baker , Thomas Baines , Richard Francis Burton and E.J. Glave; anthropologist Paul du Chaillu ; and royal traveler Edward VIII (later the Duke of Windsor). Jamestown, Rhode Island Jamestown

2552-604: The night at the White House, where they slept in the Andrew Jackson bedroom and breakfasted with the president and Mrs. Hoover on the portico overlooking the Ellipse and the Washington Monument. "I think what made the greatest impression on me," he wrote years later, "were the tall glasses of fresh California orange juice. I had never seen anything like those large glassfuls before." Young Russell attended

2610-560: The organizations shared the same board of directors as well as some staff, they remained separate legal entities until their merger in 1990. During 1988 he also worked as co-chairman of Conservationists for Bush, making reference to George H. W. Bush , and from 1990 to 1992 as chairman of the National Commission on the Environment . In September 1994, Train was elected WWF chairman emeritus. That same year, WWF launched

2668-579: The responsibilities of the Department of the Interior. Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall was implicated in the Teapot Dome scandal of 1921. He was convicted of bribery in 1929, and served one year in prison, for his part in the controversy. A major factor in the scandal was a transfer of certain oil leases from the jurisdiction of the Department of the Navy to that of the Department of

2726-590: The schools and calls for accountability and measures to address the ongoing impact on Native American families and communities to include working closely with tribal nations on the identification and repatriation of the remains. Within the Interior Department, the Bureau of Indian Affairs handles some federal relations with American Indians, while others are handled by the Office of Special Trustee. The current acting assistant secretary for Indian affairs

2784-407: The three year investigation produced the first report in May 2022 and the second and final volume in June 2024. The final report details the severe trauma and cultural disruption inflicted on Native American communities through these schools, which operated from the late 19th century to the mid-20th century. It highlights the systemic abuse and neglect endured by students, finding 973 children died at

2842-521: The town of Jamestown built a windmill for grinding corn, which used the sea breeze for power since there was no source of running water to turn a waterwheel. Two hundred British and Hessian troops, commanded by James Wallace , landed at East Ferry on Conanicut Island on December 10, 1775. They then marched to West Ferry where they burned the ferry house. As they returned to East Ferry, they destroyed many buildings, including 14 homes, which caused more than 200 of Conanicut Island's 556 residents to flee to

2900-443: The world." In 2009, a species of gecko, Gekko russelltraini , was named in his honor. Train collected printed books, manuscripts, photographs, maps, artifacts, and artwork on African exploration, big-game hunting, natural history, and wildlife conservation, dating primarily from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. In 2004, the Russell E. Train Africana Collection was acquired by the Smithsonian Institution Libraries , where it

2958-744: Was $ 108,737. Over 16% or the residents were self-employed and 71% were employed full time. Households with retirement income accounted for 26.6% of the residents. Single earner households made of 33% of the household in Jamestown. Jamestown Public Schools encompasses two buildings: Melrose School for elementary students and Lawn School for middle school students. For high school, public school students matriculate to either North Kingstown High School or Narragansett High School . Portions of several movies have been filmed in and around Jamestown, including Wind ; Me, Myself & Irene ; American General (PBS); Evening ; Dan in Real Life ; Moonrise Kingdom ; and Irrational Man . The comic strip Wallace

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3016-432: Was a burst of military fortification activity from 1890 to the end of World War I . The Spanish–American War was a catalyst, beginning in 1898, and work began on Dutch Island 's Fort Greble. The War Department bought 31 acres (130,000 m ) for Fort Getty , and fortifications were quickly erected. Summer homes were condemned near Fort Dumpling to establish Fort Wetherill . More land was acquired at Prospect Hill near

3074-417: Was designed to resemble the hotel. The Bay Voyage Hotel is the only survivor of the many hotels that once lined Jamestown's eastern harbor, now operating as a time share resort. In 1938, a major hurricane caused much property damage and the loss of more than 300 lives in the Narragansett Bay region. It swept away much of the sand from the Mackerel Cove beach, destroyed its popular beach pavilion, and destroyed

3132-408: Was eliminated. The bridge is pictured on the 2001 Rhode Island state quarter. In 1992, the Jamestown-Verrazano Bridge replaced the narrow steel bridge erected in 1940. It was accompanied by construction of a new western-end access road and a cross-Conanicut Island highway. According to the most recent Jamestown Rhode Island demographics data available from the United States Census Bureau released in

3190-448: Was prompted by a speech in which he said about his staff: "I have a black, a woman, two Jews and a cripple. And we have talent." Under the Administration of President George W. Bush , the Interior Department's maintenance backlog climbed from $ 5 billion to $ 8.7 billion, despite Bush's campaign pledges to eliminate it completely. Of the agency under Bush's leadership, Interior Department Inspector General Earl Devaney has cited

3248-453: Was published. A chronicle of his career, the book is also a history of the birth and growth of U.S. national interest in environmental issues. Train died at his farm in Bozman, Maryland , on September 17, 2012, aged 92. In 1981, Train was awarded the Public Welfare Medal from the National Academy of Sciences . In 1991, Train received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of his work in conservation. In 2001, Train received

3306-448: Was taken down in 1941 after being idle for several years, and a USO building was built on its site. After the war, the town purchased the building and it is now known as the community center. It was extensively landscaped and remodeled in 2002. The Bay View Hotel closed in the 1960s, the last of the very large hotels. The building was demolished in 1985, and the Bay View Condominiums opened for occupancy four years later. The building exterior

3364-497: Was used by fur traders c.  1622 , and English colonists in 1638 made arrangements with the native Americans to use Conanicut Island for grazing sheep. Ferries were in operation between Conanicut Island and Newport by 1675. In 1678, Conanicut Island was incorporated as the town of Jamestown, when there were about 150 residents. It was named for James, Duke of York , who became King James II in 1685. By 1710, many of Conanicut Island's current roads were in place. In 1728,

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