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83-512: The mining town of Røros (the administrative centre of the municipality) is sometimes called Bergstaden which means "mountain town" due to its historical renown for copper mining. It is one of two towns in Norway that were historically designated "mining towns", along with the " silver -town" of Kongsberg . The modern-day inhabitants of Røros still work and live in the characteristic 17th and 18th century buildings which led to its designation as

166-453: A UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980. Røros has about 80 wooden houses, most of them standing around courtyards. Many retain their dark pitch-log facades, giving the town a medieval appearance. The 1,957-square-kilometre (756 sq mi) municipality is the 39th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Røros is the 167th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 5,598. The municipality's population density

249-498: A mining town or a mining camp , is a community that houses miners . Mining communities are usually created around a mine or a quarry . Austrian Lands Lower Hungarian mining towns Upper Hungarian mining towns Other Hungarian mining towns (Listed under names given when founded or working as a mining town) In Germany, a Bergstadt refers to a settlement near mineral deposits vested with town privileges , Bergregal rights and tax exemption, in order to promote

332-707: A subarctic climate . Mostly sheltered from oceanic influences, and located at ca 650 m amsl, Røros has recorded the coldest temperatures in the southern half of Norway with −50.3 °C (−58.5 °F) in early January 1914. In the European cold snap of January 2010 Røros recorded low of −42 °C (−44 °F). The coldest months recorded are January 1941 and January 1942, both with mean −20.6 °C (−5.1 °F), and average daily low −26.9 °C (−16.4 °F) in January 1941. Winters at Røros are reliably cold. The warmest January (1973) had mean −2.8 °C (27.0 °F),

415-625: A few years later enshrined in Nidaros Cathedral . The cathedral with its shrine to St. Olav became the major Nordic place of pilgrimage until the Lutheran reformation in 1537. The whereabouts of Saint Olaf's grave have been unknown since 1568. Saint Olaf is traditionally regarded as being responsible for the final conversion of Norway to Christianity, and is still seen as Norway's patron saint and "eternal king" ( Rex Perpetuus Norvegiae ). The Nordic churches were initially subordinate to

498-625: A number of large Christian organizations were created; they still serve as a "second line" in Church structure. The most notable of these are the Norwegian Missionary Society and the Norwegian Lutheran Mission . During World War II , after Vidkun Quisling became Minister President of Norway and introduced a number of controversial measures such as state-controlled education, the church's bishops and

581-478: A person to end membership in the Church of Norway. The Dissenter Act ( Lov angaaende dem, der bekjende sig til den christelige Religion, uden at være medlemmer af Statskirken ) was approved by the Storting on 16 July 1845 to allow the establishment of alternative religious (Christian) bodies. This act was replaced in 1969 by Lov om trudomssamfunn og ymist anna . Until 2012, the constitutional head of

664-573: A provost are known as provostship priest ( prostiprest ). All priests were appointed by the King-in-Council until the late 20th century and thus held the status of embetsmann (higher civil servant appointed by the King). Prior to 2000 ordination required the theological civil servant examination ( cand.theol. ) that required six years of university studies, but from 2000 other equivalent degrees may also be accepted for certain applicants over

747-493: A revival for the market by bringing in more people and goods from new areas, and a new resolution was passed stating that the previous resolution for closure would not take effect. Eventually, it was seen that the organizing conditions changed as the local business community became more interested in Rørosmartnan. Not until after World War II did a form of market committee emerge to plan the event. This included some members of

830-514: A river" (the small river Røa runs into the great river Glåma here). On 9 September 2022, the national government approved a resolution to add a co-equal, official Sami language name for the municipality: Rosse . The spelling of the Sami language name changes depending on how it is used. It is called Rosse when it is spelled alone, but it is Rossen tjïelte when using the Sami language equivalent to "Røros municipality". The coat of arms

913-495: A year, is the highest representative body of the church. It consists of 85 representatives, of whom seven or eight are sent from each of the dioceses. Of these, four are lay members appointed by the congregations; one is a lay member appointed by church employees; one is a member appointed by the clergy; and the bishop. In addition, one representative from the Sami community in each of the three northernmost dioceses, representatives from

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996-509: Is 3.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.3/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0.2% over the previous 10-year period. The parish of Røros was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). On 1 January 1875, an unpopulated area of the neighbouring municipality of Ålen was transferred to Røros. On 1 January 1926, Røros was split into four municipalities: Røros landsogn (population: 701), Brekken (population: 1,098), Glåmos (population: 983), and

1079-858: Is a member of Communion of Protestant Churches in Europe , having signed the Leuenberg Agreement with other Lutheran and Reformed churches in 1973. It is also a member of the Porvoo Communion with 12 other churches, among them, the Anglican churches of Europe. It has also signed some other ecumenical texts, including the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification with the Roman Catholic Church and

1162-454: Is a member, automatically become members. This has been controversial, because many become members without knowing, and this favours the Church of Norway over other churches. This law remained unchanged even after the separation of church and state in 2012. In 2000, the Church of Norway appointed the first openly partnered gay priest. In 2007, a majority in the general synod voted in favour of accepting people living in same-sex relations into

1245-550: Is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council. The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Trøndelag District Court and the Frostating Court of Appeal . The municipal council ( Kommunestyre ) of Røros is made up of 27 representatives who are elected to four-year terms. The tables below show

1328-456: Is made out of metal, then gold is used. The design symbolizes the copper mining industry in Røros. The venus symbol is the old symbol for copper , which was heavily mined in Røros for centuries. The arms were designed by Sverre Ødegaard. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms. The Church of Norway has four parishes ( sokn ) within the municipality of Røros. It is part of

1411-400: Is retained", On 27 May 2016 Stortinget ( Parliament of Norway ) approved a new legislative act to establish the Church of Norway as an independent legal entity rather than a branch of the civil service, and the law took effect on 1 January 2017. The church remains state funded. Until 1845 the Church of Norway was the only legal religious organization in Norway and it was not possible for

1494-660: Is served by the Rørosbanen railway line at Røros Station . Røros Airport has a scheduled service to Oslo . Norwegian County Road 30 ( Fylkesvei 30 ) connects Røros to the south to Tynset and northwest down the Gaula valley towards Trondheim. There is also the Norwegian County Road 705 going north to Selbu and Stjørdal , and the Norwegian County Road 31 ( Fylkesvei 31 ) going east to Sweden . Mining town A mining community , also known as

1577-589: The Book of Concord: Confessions of the Evangelical Lutheran Church presented in 1580. All Evangelical Lutheran clergy (bishops, priests/pastors, deacons and other ministers) along with the teaching in classes for the Rite of Confirmation for young people and those considering full adult membership are required to read and understand with clergy swearing faithfulness at their ordination . The church

1660-927: The Archbishop of Bremen , until the Nordic Archdiocese of Lund was established in 1103. The separate Norwegian Archdiocese of Nidaros (in today's Trondheim ) was created in 1152, and by the end of the 12th century covered all of Norway , parts of present Sweden , Iceland , Greenland , the Isle of Man , the Orkney Islands , the Shetland Islands , the Faroe Islands and the Hebrides . Another site of medieval pilgrimage in Norway

1743-822: The Evangelical Lutheran tradition of Western Christian faith, with its foundation on the Bible ' s Old and New Testaments and occasionally including the Apocrapha , along with the three historic creeds of faith in the Apostles' , Nicene , and Athanasian Creeds , Luther's Small Catechism , Luther's Large Catechism , the Smalcald Articles and the Augsburg Confession of 1530, along with several other seminal documents in

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1826-581: The Gauldal prosti ( deanery ) in the Diocese of Nidaros . Røros municipality has historically been used by the Southern Sami people for reindeer herding . Known for its copper mines , Røros is one of Norway's two nationally significant mining towns with activity starting in the 17th century (the other one being the " silver -town" Kongsberg , see Kongsberg Silver Mines ). Røros was burned to

1909-713: The Holy See , around two decades after the start of the Protestant Reformation . It later resulted in the separation of the Catholic Church dioceses in Norway and throughout Scandinavia and establishment of a state church intimately integrated with the state and completely subject to royal authority, with the King as Head of the Church on Earth instead of the Pope/Bishop of Rome. This action followed

1992-453: The Joint Declaration of Pope Francis and Bishop Munib Younan in the city of Lund , Sweden , in 2016. As of 2017 the church is legally independent of the government. According to the constitution it serves as the "people's church" in the Kingdom of Norway . Until 1969, the church's name for administrative purposes was simply the "State Church" or sometimes just "the Church", whereas

2075-558: The Sami Church Council is responsible for the Church of Norway's work among the country's indigenous Sami people. The Bishops' Conference of the Church of Norway convenes three times a year, and consists of the twelve bishops in the church (the 11 diocesan bishops and the Preses ). It issues opinions on various issues related to church life and theological matters. The church also convenes committees and councils both at

2158-480: The town of Røros (population: 2,284). During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee . On 1 January 1964, the four municipalities of Glåmos (population: 700), Brekken (population: 964), Røros landsogn (population: 482), and the town of Røros (population: 3,063) were all reunited under the name Røros. On 21 April 1989, an unpopulated part of Røros

2241-409: The 2012 constitutional reform. Each parish has an autonomous administration. The state itself does not administer church buildings; buildings and adjacent land instead belong to the parish as an independent public institution. The Minister of Church Affairs, Trond Giske , was responsible for proposing the 2012 amendments, explaining that "the state church is retained". An act approved in 2016 created

2324-415: The Church of Norway as an independent legal entity, effective from 1 January 2017. The church has an episcopal-synodal structure, with 1,284 parishes, 106 deaneries, 11 dioceses and, since 2 October 2011, one area under the supervision of the Preses . The dioceses are, according to the rank of the five historic sees and then according to age: The General Synod of the Church of Norway, which convenes once

2407-580: The Church of Norway increased autonomy, and states that "the Church of Norway, an Evangelical-Lutheran church, remains Norway's people's church, and is supported by the State as such" ('people's church' or folkekirke is also the name of the Danish state church , Folkekirken ), replacing the earlier expression which stated that "the Evangelical-Lutheran religion remains the public religion of

2490-471: The Church of Norway voted to allow same-sex marriages . The decision was ratified on 11 April 2016. The first same-sex marriage ceremony in the church occurred on 1 February 2017 just after midnight. On 21 May 2012, the Norwegian Parliament passed a constitutional amendment for the second time (such amendments must be passed twice in separate parliaments to come into effect) that granted

2573-484: The Church of Norway was a church free of the State. Since World War II, a number of structural changes have taken place within the Church of Norway, mostly to institutionalize lay participation in the life of the church. Norwegians are registered at baptism as members of the Church of Norway, and many remain members, using services such as baptism , confirmation , marriage and burial, rites which still have cultural standing in Norway. 68.7% of Norwegians were members of

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2656-604: The Church of Norway. The Church of Norway does not own church buildings, which are instead owned by the parish and maintained by the municipality. The focus of church life is the Sunday Communion and other services, most commonly celebrated at 11:00 a.m. The liturgy is similar to that in use in the Roman Catholic Church. The language is entirely Norwegian, apart from the Kyrie Eleison , and

2739-469: The Constitution states that the church is to be Evangelical-Lutheran. After the changes in 1997 and 2012, until the change in 2017, all clergy remained civil servants (state employees), and the central and regional church administrations remained a part of the state administration. The Church of Norway is regulated by its own law ( kirkeloven ) and all municipalities are required by law to support

2822-460: The Lutherans, Presbyterians, Reformed, Methodists, etc. Until the modern era, the Church of Norway was not only a religious organisation but also one of the most important instruments of royal power and official authority, and an important part of the state administration, especially at the local and regional levels. The church professes to be "truly Catholic, truly Reformed, truly Evangelical" in

2905-557: The Netherlands (now in Belgium). Catholic priests were persecuted, monastic orders were suppressed, and the crown took over church property, while some churches were plundered and abandoned, even destroyed. Bishops (initially called superintendents ) were appointed by the king. This brought forth tight integration between church and state. After the introduction of absolute monarchy in 1660 all clerics were civil servants appointed by

2988-570: The Røros Merchants' Association who cooperated. Interest in Rørosmartnan again declined throughout the 1960s, after which the Røros Tourist and Travel Association (now Opplev Røros AS) took over the entire event with several representatives from the business community and the municipality, gradually rekindling interest in the event. Since the royal resolution, Rørosmartnan has continued to grow. Saturday has also become market day, and

3071-409: The State." The constitution also says that Norway's values are based on its Christian and humanist heritage, and according to the Constitution, the king is required to be Lutheran. The government still provides funding for the church as it does with other faith-based institutions, but the responsibility for appointing bishops and provosts now rests with the church instead of the government. Prior to 1997,

3154-541: The activities of the Church of Norway and municipal authorities are represented in its local bodies. The amendment was a result of a compromise from 2008. Minister of Church Affairs Trond Giske then emphasized that the Church of Norway remains Norway's state church , stating that "the state church is retained. Neither the Labour Party nor the Centre Party had a mandate to agree to separate church and state." Of

3237-628: The age of 35 with relevant experience. Norway was gradually Christianized beginning at the end of the Early Middle Ages and was part of Western Christianity , acknowledging papal authority until the 16th century. The Roman Catholic Church exercised a significant degree of sovereignty in Norway and essentially shared power with the King of Norway as the secular ruler. The Lutheran reformation in Denmark–Norway in 1536–1537 broke ties with

3320-502: The appointments of parish priests and residing chaplains was also the responsibility of the government, but the church was granted the right to hire such clergy directly with the new Church Law of 1997. The 2012 amendment implies that the church's own governing bodies, rather than the Council of State , appoints bishops. The government and the parliament no longer have an oversight function with regard to day-to-day doctrinal issues, although

3403-481: The bottom of the social ladder. With its authentic wooden buildings, Røros was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list in 1980. In 1644, the general manager of the mine at Kongsberg gave permission to exploit one lode of copper in the mountains near Rauhaammaaren. Storvola and Gamle Storwartz became some of the company's most important mines. Nordgruve, another important mining area,

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3486-400: The bulk of the army. However, this ended in tragedy, when over 3,000 rather unprepared soldiers perished in the harsh weather conditions in the mountains northwest of Røros. Røros and its people were made famous to Norwegians at the turn of the 20th century by semi-fictional author Johan Falkberget , who told the story of the mining community from the perspective of the hard-tested miners at

3569-637: The church was the King of Norway , who is obliged to profess himself a Lutheran. After the constitutional amendment of 21 May 2012, the church is self-governed with regard to doctrinal issues and appointment of clergy. The Church of Norway was subject to legislation, including its budgets, passed by the Storting, and its central administrative functions were carried out by the Royal Ministry of Government Administration, Reform and Church Affairs until 2017. Bishops and priests were civil servants also after

3652-554: The constitution described it as the "Evangelical-Lutheran Church". A constitutional amendment of 21 May 2012 designates the church as "Norway's people's church" ( Norges Folkekirke ), with a new provision that is almost a verbatim copy of the provision for the Danish state church ( folkekirken ) in the Constitution of Denmark ; the Minister of Church Affairs Trond Giske stressed that the reform meant that "the state church

3735-421: The current and historical composition of the council by political party . The mayors ( Norwegian : ordfører ) of Røros: (Municipality was divided into four other municipalities from 1926-1964.) Røros is located on a gently sloping plateau about 630 metres (2,070 ft) above sea level that is forested with mostly birch and some pine , but the tree line is never far away. The largest lake within

3818-430: The economic development of the mining region. Church of Norway The Church of Norway ( Bokmål : Den norske kirke , Nynorsk : Den norske kyrkja , Northern Sami : Norgga girku , Southern Sami : Nöörjen gærhkoe ) is an evangelical Lutheran denomination of Protestant Christianity and by far the largest Christian church in Norway . The church became the state church of Norway around 1020, and

3901-520: The example set earlier in the reformation of the Church of England (Anglican Church) that was begun by the intense political action and requests for an annulment by King Henry VIII . This was followed in later centuries by a worldwide movement of the Anglican Communion which later recognized in the 20th and 21st century and declared intercommunion with several other denominations such as

3984-407: The following Friday." In 1855, the market was visited by a couple of thousand people, mainly from the nearby districts, in addition to Gudbrandsdalen, Hedmark, and Sweden. Examples of goods traded included skins, grain and flour, fish, linen, and horses. Because so many people attended, the authorities needed the military to be present as security. There existed a natural basis for the Rørosmartnan in

4067-583: The funding of the Oldenburg royal family, the scale of the Leros silver mine and copper mine expanded. As the mine is close to Trondheim and at a lower latitude, the ore output is much higher than Scandinavia Falun . The rich income of the mining area also prompted the royal family to repeatedly ask for an expansion of the mining. Dynamite was utilised from 1870 and later drilling machines . The electrical generating station built high-tension power lines to supply

4150-616: The government parties, the Labour Party and the Centre Party supported a continued state church, while only the Socialist Left Party preferred a separation of church and state, although all parties eventually voted for the 2008 compromise. The final amendment passed by a vote of 162–3. The three dissenting votes, Lundteigen , Ramsøy , and Toppe , were all from the Centre Party . Though still supported by

4233-592: The government-sanctioned Lutheran state religion). Church employees were civil servants from the Reformation until 2017, when the church became a legal entity separate from the state administration. The Church of Norway is mentioned specifically in the 1814 constitution and is subject to the Church Act. Municipalities are required by law to support activities of parishes and to maintain church buildings and church yards. Other religious communities are entitled to

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4316-507: The ground (source: eklima/met.no). Haugan, an unincorporated settlement situated 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from Røros Airport , is the location of a weather station operated by the Norwegian Meteorologist institute. ( Norwegian : Meteorologisk institutt ). All the record lows are old, the most recent (December) from 1978, while more than half of the monthly record highs are from year 2000 or later. The municipality

4399-704: The ground in 1678 and 1679 by the Swedish Army during the Scanian War . In 1718, during the Great Northern War , the town was once again taken by the Swedish Army, led by General De la Barre, who made up the southern arm of the main Swedish Army under Carl Gustaf Armfeldt . De la Barre took the city and all their mined copper at gunpoint. When King Carl XII was killed near Fredriksten on 30 November 1718, De la Barre retreated north to join

4482-685: The king, but theological issues were left to the hierarchy of bishops and other clergy. When Norway regained national independence from Denmark in 1814, the Norwegian Constitution recognized the Lutheran church as the state church. The pietism movement in Norway (embodied to a great extent by the Haugean movement fostered by Hans Nielsen Hauge ) has served to reduce the distance between laity and clergy in Norway. In 1842, lay congregational meetings were accepted in church life, though initially with limited influence. In following years,

4565-688: The liturgy for High Mass: (If there is a baptism it together with the Apostles' Creed may take place here or after the Sermon) (If there is no Communion, i.e., the Eucharist , the service concludes with the Lord's Prayer, an optional Offering, the Blessing and a moment of silent prayer) The Church of Norway traces its origins to the introduction of Christianity to Norway in the 9th century. Norway

4648-437: The merchants' trading privileges ended, which was largely meaningless when even the factory owners traded independently. After many years of pressure from Røros municipality to the Ministry of the Interior, the first Rørosmartnan was held in 1854. The market has a historical basis from a royal resolution from 1853: "From 1854 onwards, a market shall be held in Røros, starting on the next-to-last Tuesday in February and lasting until

4731-568: The mid 19th century the state church had a near-total monopoly on religion in Norway. It was the only legal church in Norway, membership was mandatory for every person residing in the kingdom and it was forbidden for anyone other than the official priests of the state church to authorise religious meetings. After the adoption of the 1845 Dissenter Act , the state church retained its legally privileged position, while minority religious congregations such as Catholics were allowed to establish themselves in Norway and were legally termed "dissenters" (i.e. from

4814-423: The mines, starting in 1897. The Bessemer process was introduced at the end of the 1800s. The Rørosbanen railway line was completed in 1877. High prices for both copper and zinc gave good results, but then the prices dropped and there were several years with large losses. After 333 years, mining activity in Røros ceased in 1977. Rørosmartnan is an annual market and cultural event in Røros that takes place from

4897-442: The municipality is Aursund and the river Glåma has its origin here. The most northerly part of Femund , the third largest lake in Norway, is located in Røros, just west of Femundsmarka National Park . These lakes and others in Røros, such as Bolagen and Flensjøen , are well suited for kayaking and fishing . Other lakes include Feragen , Håsjøen , Rambergsjøen , Korssjøen , Nedre Roasten , Rogen , and Rien . Røros has

4980-412: The national level (such as the Doctrinal Commission ( Den norske kirkes lærenemnd ), and at diocesan and local levels, addressing specific issues related to education, ecumenical matters, the Sami minority and youth. There are 1,600 Church of Norway churches and chapels. Parish work is led by a priest and an elected parish council. There are more than 1,200 clergy (in 2007, 21% were women ministers) in

5063-421: The next to last Tuesday in February and lasts until the following Saturday. Rørosmartnan, a unique annual market and cultural event in Røros, is a must-visit for history and culture enthusiasts. With a typical attendance of 70,000 to 80,000 visitors, the market is a significant event for Røros and the surrounding area. The opening day is a spectacle, as around 80 horse-drawn sleds arrive with visitors from Sweden and

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5146-486: The opening speech. The town of Røros was the filming location for Henrik Ibsen's play "A Doll's House", directed by Joseph Losey. The newspapers Arbeidets Rett and Fjell-Ljom are published in Røros. Røros Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services , senior citizen services, welfare and other social services , zoning , economic development , and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality

5229-422: The period from February to April being the optimum, as the sun is higher and the days longer than earlier in winter. The deepest snow depth recorded in Røros is 200 centimetres (79 in) in March 1956. In more recent years, 87 centimetres (34 in) snow on the ground was recorded in March 2009. Snow on the ground is virtually guaranteed in Røros from December to early April. Early May 1997 saw 76 cm snow on

5312-496: The population attends church services or other religious meetings more than once a month. Baptism of infants fell from 96.8% in 1960 to 51.4% in 2019, while the proportion of confirmands fell from 93% in 1960 to 54.4% in 2019. The proportion of weddings to be celebrated in the Church of Norway fell from 85.2% in 1960 to 31.3% in 2019. In 2019 85.5% of all funerals took place in the Church of Norway. A survey conducted by Gallup International in 65 countries in 2005 found that Norway

5395-405: The priesthood. In 2008, the Norwegian Parliament voted to establish same-sex civil marriages, and the bishops allowed prayers for same-sex couples. In 2014, a proposed liturgy for same-sex marriages was rejected by the general synod. This question created much unrest in the Church of Norway and seems to serve as a trigger for conversions to independent congregations and other churches. In 2015,

5478-402: The region, as people came to buy and sell their products, which contributed significantly to the economy. For this reason, Rørosmartnan developed independently during the initial years without planning or regulations. From the outset, there was a market fee that the vendors had to pay. It was the police's task to collect the fee, which can be described as an organizing function. Additional security

5561-449: The same level of government subsidies as the Church of Norway. The church is led by ordained priests , traditionally and primarily divided into the ranks chaplain , parish priest ( sogneprest ) who was traditionally the head of a parish ( prestegjeld ; literally area that owes allegiance to a priest), provost ( prost ) and bishop . Today more priests may hold the title parish priest, while some priests who work directly under

5644-400: The singing of hymns accompanied by organ music is central. A priest (often with lay assistants) celebrates the service, wearing an alb and stole . In addition, a chasuble is worn by the priest during the Eucharist and, increasingly, during the whole service. The Church of Norway baptises children, usually infants and usually as part of ordinary Sunday services. This is a summary of

5727-468: The state Church of Norway as of the end of 2019, a 1.2% drop compared to the year before and down about 11% from ten years earlier. However, only 20% of Norwegians say that religion occupies an important place in their life (according to a recent Gallup poll ), making Norway one of the most secular countries of the world (only in Estonia , Sweden and Denmark were the percentages of people who considered religion to be important lower), and only about 3% of

5810-416: The surrounding mountain villages, adding a touch of tradition and charm to the event. Røros Copper Works originally monopolized all trade in the mining town. In the 1700s, they stopped enforcing this monopoly as it was impossible to prevent the free exchange of goods. In 1801, a few merchants in Røros were granted permission to engage in trade for a fee. However, illegal trade in Røros only increased. In 1842,

5893-656: The three theological seminaries, representatives from the youth council. Other members of the national council are also members of the general synod. The national council, the executive body of the synod, is convened five times a year and comprises 15 members, of whom ten are lay members, four are clergy and one is the presiding bishop. It prepares matters for decision-making elsewhere and puts those decisions into effect. The council also has working and ad hoc groups, addressing issues such as church service, education and youth issues. The Council on Ecumenical and International Relations deals with international and ecumenical matters, and

5976-522: The variety of goods traded has expanded. Each year, more sales booths are set up, and the event is filled with the hustle and bustle of trade. In cafes and venues, old dance music sets the mood from early in the day until late at night, adding to the festive atmosphere of the market. In 2015, an unofficial estimate of the number of visitors was made, and the organizers assumed that as many as 80,000 people had visited Rørosmartnan from February 17 to 21 that year. Rørosmartnan often has prominent guests to deliver

6059-473: The vast majority of the clergy disassociated themselves from the government in the Foundations of the Church ( Kirkens Grunn ) declaration of Easter 1942, stating that they would function only as pastors for their congregations, not as civil servants. The bishops were interned with deposed clergy and theological candidates from 1943, but congregational life continued more or less as usual. For three years

6142-501: The warmest winter month on record was December 2006 with mean −0.5 °C (31.1 °F), and the warmest March (2012) had mean −0.3 °C (31.5 °F). The heat record 30.7 °C (87.3 °F) was recorded in July 2008. The warmest month on record is July 2014 with mean 16 °C (61 °F), while July 2018 had the warmest average daily high with 23.3 °C (73.9 °F). Skiing conditions in winter are usually excellent, with

6225-708: Was Christianized as a result of missions from both the British Isles (by Haakon I of Norway and Olaf I of Norway ), and from the Continent (by Ansgar ). It took several hundred years to complete the Christianization, culminating on 29 July 1030 with the Battle of Stiklestad , when King Olaf II of Norway was killed. One year later, on 3 August 1031, he was canonised in Nidaros by Bishop Grimkell , and

6308-412: Was based on the church's parishes with significant official responsibility held by the parish priest. In the 19th and 20th centuries it gradually ceded most administrative functions to the secular civil service. The modern Constitution of Norway describes the church as the country's " people's church " and requires the King of Norway to be a member. It is by far the largest church in Norway; until

6391-466: Was established as a separate church intimately integrated with the state as a result of the Lutheran reformation in Denmark–Norway which broke ties with the Holy See in 1536–1537; the King of Norway was the church's head from 1537 to 2012. Historically the church was one of the main instruments of royal power and official authority, and an important part of the state administration; local government

6474-416: Was granted on 29 October 1992. The blazon is " Gules , a venus symbol over a crossed hammer and chisel Or " ( Norwegian : I rødt, en gull kobber (venus-symbol) over korslagt bergjarn og feisel ). This means the arms have a red field (background) and the charge is a venus symbol over a crossed hammer and chisel. The charge has a tincture of Or which means it is commonly colored yellow, but if it

6557-489: Was necessary to maintain peace and order during the market, and the guards were financed through the fees. However, trade at Rørosmartnan declined around 1874, and after an application, a royal resolution was issued on February 29, 1877, stating that the market would be discontinued from 1878. Many also believed that the opening of the Røros Railway would make the Rørosmartnan unnecessary, but the railroad instead sparked

6640-597: Was situated to the north east of Røros. In 1685, Røros discovered a considerable amount of associated silver mines. The mining activity lasted for about 40 years, and a total of 1,350 tons of sterling silver was mined. This provided considerable revenue for the Danish-Norwegian treasury to support Frederick IV in building the palace of Solbjerg . 1740 onwards saw a period of greatness for the Røros Copper Works with several mines yielding well. Due to

6723-552: Was the island of Selja on the northwest coast, with its memories of Saint Sunniva and its three monastery churches with Celtic influence, similar to Skellig Michael . The Reformation in Norway was accomplished by force in 1537 when Christian III of Denmark and Norway declared Lutheranism as the official religion of Norway and Denmark, sending the Roman Catholic archbishop, Olav Engelbrektsson , into exile in Lier in

6806-586: Was the least religious among the Western countries surveyed, with only 36% of the population considering themselves religious, 9% considering themselves atheist, and 46% considering themselves "neither religious nor atheist". In spite of the relatively low level of religious practice in Norwegian society, the local clergy often play important social roles outside their spiritual and liturgical responsibilities. By law all children who have at least one parent who

6889-509: Was transferred to the neighbouring Holtålen municipality. On 1 January 2018, the municipality switched from the old Sør-Trøndelag county to the new Trøndelag county. The municipality (originally the parish and town) is named after the old Røros farm ( Old Norse : Røyðaróss ) since this was the site of the mining town of Røros . The first element comes from the local river name Røa ( Røyðr ) which has an unknown meaning. The last element comes from óss which means "mouth of

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