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A television station is a set of equipment managed by a business, organisation or other entity such as an amateur television (ATV) operator, that transmits video content and audio content via radio waves directly from a transmitter on the earth's surface to any number of tuned receivers simultaneously.

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50-437: [REDACTED] WAFB (channel 9) is a television station in Baton Rouge, Louisiana , affiliated with CBS . It is owned by Gray Television alongside low-power , Class A MyNetworkTV affiliate WBXH-CD (channel 39). The two stations share studios on Government Street in downtown Baton Rouge; WAFB's transmitter is located on River Road near the city's Riverbend section. The station began broadcasting on April 19, 1953, as

100-485: A barter in some cases. WBXH-CA WBXH-CD (channel 39) is a low-power , Class A television station in Baton Rouge, Louisiana , United States, affiliated with MyNetworkTV . It is owned by Gray Television alongside CBS affiliate WAFB (channel 9). The two stations share studios on Government Street in downtown Baton Rouge, where WBXH-CD's transmitter is also located. Even though WBXH-CD broadcasts

150-565: A 4 p.m. newscast in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic , and on August 3, 2020, WAFB became the first station in Baton Rouge to expand its 6 p.m. newscast to a full hour. On June 26, 2023, WAFB launched a 9 a.m. weekday newscast. Despite becoming rarer among other television news operations, WAFB occasionally broadcast an editorial that was usually delivered by the station manager. This practice ended shortly after Gray assumed ownership of

200-711: A 90-mile (140 km) radius to receive its signal; it was also in that year that the station started broadcasting in color. Originally broadcasting an analog signal on UHF channel 28, WAFB moved to VHF channel 9 in 1960. WDAM-TV in Hattiesburg, Mississippi , moved to channel 7 to accommodate this switch. The station has always been a CBS affiliate but carried some NBC programming until WBRZ-TV signed on in 1955. WAFB also carried some ABC programming with WBRZ until WRBT (now WVLA ) signed on in 1971 and some programming from DuMont until that network folded. The station also aired Time for Beany during its early years on

250-405: A digital signal of its own, the low-power broadcasting radius only covers the immediate Baton Rouge area. Therefore, it is simulcast in standard definition on WAFB's fourth digital subchannel in order to reach the entire market ; this can be seen on channel 9.4 from a transmitter on River Road near the city's Riverbend section. WBXH began broadcasting on September 27, 1990, and was owned by

300-942: A digital signal on UHF channel 46 from a transmitter at its studios. On June 25, 2018, Atlanta -based Gray Television announced it had reached an agreement with Raycom to merge their respective broadcasting assets (consisting of Raycom's 63 existing owned-and/or-operated television stations, including WAFB, and Gray's 93 television stations) under Gray's corporate umbrella. The cash-and-stock merger transaction valued at $ 3.6 billion – in which Gray shareholders would acquire preferred stock currently held by Raycom – resulted in WAFB gaining new sister stations in nearby markets, including CBS/ABC affiliate KNOE-TV in Monroe and NBC/CBS affiliate KALB-TV in Alexandria , in addition to its current Raycom sister stations. The combined company thereby gained

350-477: A half-hour weeknight 9 p.m. newscast on WBXH under the title My 9 News at 9 . WAFB's weekday morning newscast is also rebroadcast on this station. The station also airs a live Saturday morning newscast, which is currently the only WAFB-produced newscast airing on WBXH-CA on weekends. On March 3, 2008, WAFB became the first in Baton Rouge and the third in Louisiana to broadcast their local news in high definition ;

400-415: A much shorter wavelength, and thus requires a shorter antenna, but also higher power. North American stations can go up to 5000 kW ERP for video and 500 kW audio, or 1000 kW digital. Low channels travel further than high ones at the same power, but UHF does not suffer from as much electromagnetic interference and background "noise" as VHF, making it much more desirable for TV. Despite this, in

450-511: A presence in every Louisiana market except for Lafayette as a result. The sale was approved on December 20, and was completed on January 2, 2019. WAFB was one of a handful of stations that shifts the air times of various CBS programming. From 1988 until 2019, The Price Is Right aired at 11 a.m. instead of 10 a.m., and The Young and the Restless aired at 4 p.m. instead of 11 a.m. The station made this change to give its noon and 5 p.m. newscasts

500-577: A sister network to Fox , would be operated by Fox Television Stations and its syndication division Twentieth Television . MyNetworkTV was created in order to give UPN and WB stations, not mentioned as becoming CW affiliates, another option besides becoming independent . It was also created to compete against The CW. On March 7, WBXH was announced as an affiliate of MyNetworkTV along with sister stations WUAB in Cleveland and KFVE in Honolulu . Until

550-610: A strong lead-in. However, on September 9, 2019, WAFB resumed airing both programs at their respective network-recommended times of 10 a.m. and 11 a.m. The station aired Jeopardy! and Wheel of Fortune until 1995 when the shows moved to WBRZ. Live with Regis and Kelly and The Oprah Winfrey Show were seen until the late 1990s. Oprah moved to WBRZ but since then aired on WVLA until the show ended its run in 2011. Regis and Kelly (now Live with Kelly and Mark ) continues to air on WBRZ. The People's Court also once aired on WAFB before going to WBRZ and later WGMB. The station aired

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600-425: A variety of ways to generate revenue from television commercials . They may be an independent station or part of a broadcasting network , or some other structure. They can produce some or all of their programs or buy some broadcast syndication programming for or all of it from other stations or independent production companies. Many stations have some sort of television studio , which on major-network stations

650-479: A way of educating young children while making it fun to learn. Two games many adults can remember Buckskin playing were called "Hully Gully" which helped to teach counting numbers and the "Monday Morning March". The two shows he hosted were called Storyland (for younger children during morning broadcasting) and The Buckskin Bill Show (for older children during the afternoons, which ended September 1977). Buckskin

700-496: Is non-commercial educational (NCE) and considered public broadcasting . To avoid concentration of media ownership of television stations, government regulations in most countries generally limit the ownership of television stations by television networks or other media operators, but these regulations vary considerably. Some countries have set up nationwide television networks, in which individual television stations act as mere repeaters of nationwide programs . In those countries,

750-470: Is broadcast via terrestrial radio waves. A group of television stations with common ownership or affiliation are known as a TV network and an individual station within the network is referred to as O&O or affiliate , respectively. Because television station signals use the electromagnetic spectrum, which in the past has been a common, scarce resource, governments often claim authority to regulate them. Broadcast television systems standards vary around

800-792: Is often used for newscasts or other local programming . There is usually a news department , where journalists gather information. There is also a section where electronic news-gathering (ENG) operations are based, receiving remote broadcasts via remote pickup unit or satellite TV . Outside broadcasting vans, production trucks , or SUVs with electronic field production (EFP) equipment are sent out with reporters , who may also bring back news stories on video tape rather than sending them back live . To keep pace with technology United States television stations have been replacing operators with broadcast automation systems to increase profits in recent years. Some stations (known as repeaters or translators ) only simulcast another, usually

850-477: Is viewed on Cox Cable channel 16 in the Baton Rouge area. In other idents, the station identifies itself by its digital channel: 9.4. In September 2012, the station de-emphasized its MyNetworkTV affiliation by rebranding itself as "WBXH Channel 16: Where X marks the spot" and the newscast as 9 News Extra after being called My 9 News at 9 . On December 17, 2014, the station was licensed for digital operation and changed its call sign to WBXH-CD. On August 1, 2015,

900-658: The New Orleans Pelicans to air 10 games on the station during the 2023–24 season . On September 17, 2024, Gray and the Pelicans announced a broader deal to form the Gulf Coast Sports & Entertainment Network , which will broadcast nearly all 2024–25 Pelicans games on Gray's stations in the Gulf South , including WAFB. WAFB's newscasts have had the second-highest ratings at 10 p.m. in any of

950-405: The broadcast range , or geographic area, that the station is limited to, allocates the broadcast frequency of the radio spectrum for that station's transmissions, sets limits on what types of television programs can be programmed for broadcast and requires a station to broadcast a minimum amount of certain programs types, such as public affairs messages . Another form of television station

1000-534: The electricity bill and emergency backup generators . In North America , full-power stations on band I (channels 2 to 6) are generally limited to 100 kW analog video ( VSB ) and 10 kW analog audio ( FM ), or 45 kW digital ( 8VSB ) ERP. Stations on band III (channels 7 to 13) can go up by 5 dB to 316 kW video, 31.6 kW audio, or 160 kW digital. Low-VHF stations are often subject to long-distance reception just as with FM. There are no stations on Channel 1 . UHF , by comparison, has

1050-560: The Box LP Group who owned low-power affiliates of The Box music channel across the United States. In 2001, it became an affiliate of MTV2 . The station operated on UHF channel 46 until WAFB signed-on its digital signal on the same channel in 2002. This led WBXH to change channels to 39. It was purchased by Raycom Media in 2003 and became a UPN affiliate. WBXH was the third and final station in Baton Rouge to be affiliated with

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1100-489: The Restless at 3 p.m. (later 4 p.m.) as a way to boost ratings as a lead-in to the noon and 5 p.m. newscasts. WAFB began broadcasting 24 hours a day on September 12, 1990. In 1997, AFLAC sold its entire broadcasting division, including WAFB, to Raycom Media . In 2003, Raycom acquired former The Box affiliate WBXH-CA , which became a sister station to WAFB when the channel became Baton Rouge's third UPN affiliate and later MyNetworkTV affiliate in 2006. It originally aired

1150-558: The September 5 launch of the new network, the UPN branding on WBXH was removed which resulted in the station becoming one of a few non-Fox owned-and-operated UPN stations to do so. In the interim, the station called itself "WBXH the Block." Since becoming a MyNetworkTV affiliate, the station branded itself as "My BR TV," and in 2010, it began identifying itself as "channel 16," as the station

1200-633: The Sunday services from the First United Methodist Church in the city. One locally produced show that brought years of enjoyment to children was hosted by "Buckskin Bill" Black (William Black) that ran in different formats from 1955 until 1990. There were several characters that were regulars on the show including "Señor Puppet" (a marionette voiced by Sid Crocker) and "Whatsyourname" (another puppet voiced by Mary Hillen). The show had

1250-647: The U.S., the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is taking another large portion of this band (channels 52 to 69) away, in contrast to the rest of the world, which has been taking VHF instead. This means that some stations left on VHF are harder to receive after the analog shutdown . Since at least 1974, there are no stations on channel 37 in North America for radio astronomy purposes. Most television stations are commercial broadcasting enterprises which are structured in

1300-509: The United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal relocated from its pre-transition UHF channel 46 to VHF channel 9. With the new digital channel, WAFB rebroadcasts WBXH on channel 9.4 and, before the launch of Bounce TV affiliate September 2011, weather on channel 9.2. Television station The Fernsehsender Paul Nipkow ( TV Station Paul Nipkow ) in Berlin , Germany ,

1350-470: The WB and UPN networks would be shutting down and that those two companies would combine their resources to create a new television service. The newly combined network would be called The CW . The letters would represent the first initial of its respective corporate parents. On February 22, News Corporation announced that it would start up another new network called MyNetworkTV . This new service, which would be

1400-642: The air from the Paramount Television Network and was briefly affiliated with the NTA Film Network , airing programs Sheriff of Cochise , How to Marry a Millionaire , and This is Alice . In 1988, Guaranty sold the station to AFLAC . Coincidentally, the call letters of the station, WAFB, also spelled out their new owner: American Family Broadcasting (although the WAFB calls predate this ownership by 40 years when its former original sister radio station signed on in 1948 with

1450-581: The country's biggest television markets according to The Des Moines Register in Iowa . Nielsen Media Research ratings showed that 16.2% of all households in the Baton Rouge area watched the show. The only station to get a bigger share of the local audience was KCCI , the CBS affiliate in Des Moines , which was watched by 17.9% of area households. For most of its history, WAFB was a distant second to WBRZ in

1500-601: The daily Storyland on September 30, 1988, and converted it to a Saturday morning hour-long program called Buckskin Bill and Friends that began airing on November 5, 1988. Said program ended in late 1990 after Black resigned from WAFB. Bill Black later became involved with the East Baton Rouge Parish Public Schools Board and other civic organizations until his death on January 10, 2018. On December 30, 2023, WAFB parent company Gray Television announced it had reached an agreement with

1550-408: The first in Baton Rouge and the third in Louisiana to broadcast its local broadcasts in high definition. The WBXH broadcasts were included in the upgrade. On September 12, 2011, WAFB became the first station in the market (and, to date, the only station) to begin its morning newscasts at 4:30 a.m. instead of 5 a.m. On March 26, 2020, WAFB became the second station in the Baton Rouge market to launch

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1600-557: The first television station in Baton Rouge, and the second television station in the state of Louisiana. It launched as a television counterpart to local radio stations WAFB and WAFB-FM, which both signed on in 1948 and were affiliated with the Mutual Broadcasting System . Louis S. Prejean and associates (Modern Broadcasting of Baton Rouge) were the first owners of the station, and they sold it to Royal Street Corporation of New Orleans in 1956, which owned WDSU-TV ,

1650-529: The first television station in Louisiana. In 1957, they sold the radio stations, with the AM station changing its format to black music and the FM station going off the air; a new WAFB-FM would sign on in 1968. Royal Street owned the station until 1964, when it sold the station to locally based Guaranty Corporation. In 1965, the station moved its transmission tower from Zachary to south of LSU 's campus, allowing viewers in

1700-420: The highest point available in the transmission area, such as on a summit , the top of a high skyscraper , or on a tall radio tower . To get a signal from the master control room to the transmitter, a studio/transmitter link (STL) is used. The link can be either by radio or T1 / E1 . A transmitter/studio link (TSL) may also send telemetry back to the station, but this may be embedded in subcarriers of

1750-400: The local television station has no station identification and, from a consumer's point of view, there is no practical distinction between a network and a station, with only small regional changes in programming, such as local television news . To broadcast its programs, a television station requires operators to operate equipment, a transmitter or radio antenna , which is often located at

1800-477: The longest-running children's program, hosted by Buckskin Bill Black , and rechristened it as Buckskin and Friends , an hour-long show that aired on Saturday mornings until it was cancelled in September 1990. It was also in 1988 that the owners petitioned CBS to air the network's daytime programs in a different order—airing syndicated programming at 10 a.m., The Price Is Right at 11 a.m., and The Young and

1850-419: The main broadcast. Stations which retransmit or simulcast another may simply pick-up that station over-the-air , or via STL or satellite. The license usually specifies which other station it is allowed to carry. VHF stations often have very tall antennas due to their long wavelength , but require much less effective radiated power (ERP), and therefore use much less transmitter power output , also saving on

1900-472: The network, as UPN was originally programmed on WBTR from 1995 to 1999 and then on KZUP from 1999 to 2003. It showcased itself as "UPN the Block" and used a duo known as "Rider and the Fish" to promote programming and various locales around Baton Rouge. On January 24, 2006, Time Warner (which was the owner of The WB at that time) and CBS Corporation (which purchased UPN at the start of 2006) announced that

1950-417: The newscasts on WBXH were included in the upgrade. The 9 p.m. newscast was later renamed 9 News X-Tra after WBXH de-emphasized its MyNetworkTV affiliation in 2012. In November 2013, WBXH canceled its 9 p.m. newscast, replacing it with reruns of WAFB's popular program, Sportsline . The station continued airing a unique newscast called The Six30 , which aired at 6:30 p.m. on weeknights. The newscast

2000-476: The programmes seen on its owner's flagship station, and have no television studio or production facilities of their own. This is common in developing countries . Low-power stations typically also fall into this category worldwide. Most stations which are not simulcast produce their own station identifications . TV stations may also advertise on or provide weather (or news) services to local radio stations , particularly co-owned sister stations . This may be

2050-657: The ratings given WBRZ's consistent history on the VHF band and former roots in the Baton Rouge Advocate . In the mid-1990s, WBRZ experienced significant staff turnover and several news format changes while AFLAC and Raycom invested heavily in improving WAFB's news product by maintaining low turnover in its news staff and presentation (WAFB used the "Newschannel" theme by Gari Media from 1990 until Raycom switched its news music client to Stephen Arnold Music in late 2014), leading WAFB to overtake WBRZ's news ratings in 1994. In

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2100-502: The recent ratings period, it beat the others stations' combined weeknights at 5, 6, and 10. In total, the station's news department produces 25 hours of news programming each week. This includes two newscasts on sister station WBXH-CD (weeknights at 9, which began on January 8, 2007, and Saturday mornings). WAFB's weekday morning news is repeated on that station. WAFB also has a Cox cable channel devoted to airing simulcasts and rebroadcasts of its news broadcasts. On March 3, 2008, WAFB became

2150-425: The slogan "Always For Baton Rouge"). Under new ownership, the station underwent many changes. During 1988, AFLAC invested $ 2 million in redesigning the studio, dropped the -TV suffix from its call letters and began branding itself as "Louisiana's News Channel", a slogan the station still uses today. In addition, the new owners cancelled the station's beloved 33-year-old half-hour local weekday program Storyland , then

2200-566: The station added Grit and Escape (now Ion Mystery ) as subchannels; they are also available on Cox Cable channels 128 and 129 in the Baton Rouge market. On June 28, 2021, WBXH-CD2 assumed the MeTV affiliation from WLFT-CD , pushing Grit and Court TV Mystery each down a subchannel. On August 31, 2018, WBXH became the first Baton Rouge-area station to change its frequency due to spectrum reallocation, moving from its previous digital channel of 39 to channel 32. On January 8, 2007, WAFB began producing

2250-656: The station. The station's signal is multiplexed : Beginning in October 2024, WAFB's third subchannel has been affiliated with the Gray Television owned Gulf Coast Sports & Entertainment Network . The network is the television home of the New Orleans Pelicans of the National Basketball Association . WAFB shut down its analog signal, over VHF channel 9, on June 12, 2009, the official date on which full-power television stations in

2300-465: The syndicated version of Family Feud hosted by Steve Harvey until 2020 and aired the versions hosted by Louie Anderson , Richard Karn , and John O'Hurley , with the exception of Karn's first season, which aired on KZUP-CD , and Harvey's second through fifth seasons, which aired on WVLA. Until 2015, WAFB aired the syndicated version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire ; the show aired on sister station WBXH until its cancellation in 2019. WAFB also airs

2350-399: The world. Television stations broadcasting over an analog system were typically limited to one television channel , but digital television enables broadcasting via subchannels as well. Television stations usually require a broadcast license from a government agency which sets the requirements and limitations on the station. In the United States, for example, a television license defines

2400-516: Was also one of the first shows in the United States to have a sign-language interpreter for hearing-impaired viewers prior to closed-captioning. Through two gracious campaigns from his show, Buckskin Bill helped to start the Baton Rouge Zoo . During this campaign, he asked children to bring in their pennies to buy an elephant . The penny campaign was successful enough to purchase two. Upon being taken over by AFLAC, station management canceled

2450-490: Was hosted by Steve Caparotta and Greg Meriwether and was geared toward the young adult audience. In August 2014, The Six30 was canceled. On September 8, 2014, WBXH premiered a new news program: 9 News This Morning — The Big Xtra Hour , which is a continuation of WAFB's 9 News This Morning . The program airs from 7 to 8 a.m. while WAFB airs CBS Mornings , and it features Graham Ulkins, Johnny Ahysen and Diane Deaton with more emphasis on covering weather and traffic around

2500-678: Was the first regular television service in the world. It was on the air from 22 March 1935, until it was shut down in 1944. The station was named after Paul Gottlieb Nipkow , the inventor of the Nipkow disk . Most often the term "television station" refers to a station which broadcasts structured content to an audience or it refers to the organization that operates the station. A terrestrial television transmission can occur via analog television signals or, more recently, via digital television signals. Television stations are differentiated from cable television or other video providers as their content

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