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121-670: WHTZ (100.3 FM ) is a commercial top 40 station licensed to Newark, New Jersey , and broadcasting to the New York metropolitan area . It is owned by iHeartMedia . WHTZ is the flagship station for Elvis Duran and the Morning Show . WHTZ's studios are located at 125 West 55th Street in Midtown Manhattan , while the station's transmitter is located at the Empire State Building . In addition to

242-715: A JAP Rap that they would play. While The Anti-Defamation League criticized The Morning Zoo for their anti-semitic and sexist comments, Kingston defended the station by saying the statements were harmless. By 1991, the top 40 format nationwide was in an identity crisis due to the rise of alternative rock , hip hop and country . A major sign of this crisis came when WPLJ moved to a hot adult contemporary format by 1992. Z100 responded to this by adding some older songs and introducing an evening talk show called " Love Phones ", which began on November 2, 1992. Ratings gradually dropped during this time. In March 1993, Malrite (Z100's owners) announced it would merge with Shamrock Broadcasting, with

363-462: A Woman? " by Bryan Adams , " You Are Not Alone " by Michael Jackson , and " I Could Fall in Love " by Selena . The station also snubbed some dance hits as well, except during their Saturday night dance show, Planet Z . During this time, the station also underwent numerous airstaff and management changes; Frankie Blue left in 1995 and Sam Milkman moved up to his position. Also in 1995, Z100 stopped using

484-492: A book based on his 40 years in radio and the evolution of the broadcast industry since he began in 1979. On July 21, 2013, Hamilton alongside his wife Marina completed a six-day, 350-mile bike ride from Washington, D.C. , to Pittsburgh to raise funds and awareness for Wounded Warrior Project , a non-profit organization dedicated to helping thousands of injured soldiers returning home from current conflicts and providing assistance to their families. Covering approximately 70 miles

605-410: A dance music format, and WXRK adapted a full-time alternative-leaning active rock format; both stations took listeners from Z100. Steve Kingston and his assistant Sam Milkman left Z100 for WXRK in spring 1996, while music director Andy Shane left for WKTU, joining another former Z100 music director, Frankie Blue. In January 1996, Steve Cochran arrived to do mornings, but by mid-April, he was gone. Z100

726-404: A day, the duo video blogged the entire journey on the donation site GoFundMe where they met their goal of $ 10,000. In March 1999 Hamilton was fired from WKTU after setting up the husband of a woman employed by him to win a station contest. Hamilton was guilty of "overzealousness in loyalty", David Katz, Hamilton's agent released at the time. "Sean was attempting to reward a employee who had done

847-709: A deal with Reel Stuff Entertainment to host and produce a new syndicated television show called Europe After Dark , distributed in Europe and Canada. This "travel destination" series will take its viewers to the hottest nightclubs and tourist spots throughout Europe. Shooting began in Ibiza , Spain July 5 and then continuing on to Amsterdam , Bucharest , Mamaia , Athens , Mykonos , Prague , Berlin , Hamburg , Budapest , Croatia , Belgrade , Paris finishing up in Rome . Hamilton

968-402: A fax program. The original subcarrier frequency used at KE2XCC was 27.5 kHz. The IF bandwidth was ±5 kHz, as the only goal at the time was to relay AM radio-quality audio. This transmission system used 75 μs audio pre-emphasis like the main monaural audio and subsequently the multiplexed stereo audio. In the late 1950s, several systems to add stereo to FM radio were considered by

1089-506: A few years later to West Orange, New Jersey . The station, using the moniker "WVNJoy", focused on serving northern New Jersey rather than New York City. It featured an instrumentally based easy listening format (also known as beautiful music or, more commonly, "elevator music") consisting of instrumental versions of familiar songs with several soft vocal hits added per hour. In 1980, when WRVR changed from jazz to country music , WVNJ began playing jazz music after 8 pm. Its slogan

1210-527: A few. Hamilton remained at Z100 from 1983 to 1987. In 1987, Hamilton was asked to head out west to join Rick Dees and 102.7 KIIS-FM . During his seven years at KIISFM he headed up a very popular concert series called "Rad Pack.” This was a concert series where many of the biggest music and teen celebrities at the time would come together to raise money for the newly found D.A.R.E. foundation (Drug Abuse Resistance Education). The attention of this series caught

1331-545: A listener), Song Parodies, various contests, news and traffic reports. The show was simulcast on WHCY in western New Jersey from early 2003 until December 23, 2008, and then again from 2010 until the station's format switch in 2022. The show began syndication on May 22, 2006, starting with WHYI-FM in Miami, followed by WIOQ in Philadelphia on July 23, 2008, and Cleveland 's WAKS on August 25, 2008. Until May 2008,

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1452-499: A new long-term agreement with Hamilton. Robert Pittman , chairman and CEO of iHeartMedia Inc., stated, "Hollywood Hamilton is one of the most loved, respected and recognized voices and names in radio, his unparalleled ability to connect with both listeners and music's biggest artists is a true representation of what makes radio the most powerful medium in the U.S." Hamilton was born and raised in both Las Vegas and Reno , Nevada . Both his parents were in show business; his father, Al,

1573-731: A new way to spell Hitz!' to advertise the new format. Within 74 days of signing on, in autumn 1983, WHTZ had climbed from last place to first in the New York Arbitron ratings book. Over the years, Z100 stayed with a top 40 format, while maintaining high ratings. Scott Shannon left Z100 on January 27, 1989, to start " Pirate Radio " in Los Angeles, which was part of Westwood One Inc. 's new radio division. Steve Kingston assumed programming/operations manager duties, Frankie Blue became assistant programming director, and Brian Wilson took over mornings. In 1983, Sean "Hollywood" Hamilton

1694-504: A number of months. However, if a popular song is only in low to medium rotation during the later part of the year, it would often chart very low or not at all on the year-end countdown, only to appear very high on the countdown of the following year. FM broadcasting Throughout the world, the FM broadcast band falls within the VHF part of the radio spectrum . Usually 87.5 to 108.0 MHz

1815-557: A program feed for AM transmitters of AM/FM stations. SCA subcarriers are typically 67 kHz and 92 kHz. Initially the users of SCA services were private analog audio channels which could be used internally or leased, for example Muzak -type services. There were experiments with quadraphonic sound. If a station does not broadcast in stereo, everything from 23 kHz on up can be used for other services. The guard band around 19 kHz (±4 kHz) must still be maintained, so as not to trigger stereo decoders on receivers. If there

1936-662: A segment called War of the Roses, weekdays at 5:40 p.m., helping KTU's 5:00 p.m. hour become the most listened to hour in New York City radio. After spending only a year broadcasting in his hometown, Hamilton decided to hit the road hoping to achieve the big time one day. After three years of traveling and working for a couple small market radio stations like KLAV in Las Vegas and KIDD in Monterey , he ended up in

2057-429: A show and its 10th anniversary as a syndicated program in 2016. The station annually holds popular concerts featuring the world's top-name acts: "Z100's Jingle Ball" at Madison Square Garden in Midtown Manhattan during the winter holiday season, and Z100's Zootopia in late Spring (which was last held in 2009). The 2011 Jingle Ball was considered the biggest Jingle Ball Z100 has ever had in their existence. It drew in

2178-477: A sister station of Z100. Still, both stations continued on the same courses, moderately overlapping with music. In a 1999 merger, Z100's parent company, Chancellor, acquired Capstar, forming AMFM Inc. Shortly after the merger was finalized, AMFM was bought by Clear Channel Communications. In 2001, Clear Channel entered into an agreement with XM Satellite Radio to carry WHTZ on the satellite radio service. The station used to broadcast "mini-mixes" by DJ Spinbad ,

2299-574: A slew of leading DJs, music producers, international press and others comprising the industry's corps d'elite. Sean "Hollywood” Hamilton lives in New York City . He has been married to Marina Gachet for sixteen years and is the chief operating officer for their media group. His daughter, Tay Hamilton grew up listening and learning about broadcasting from her father and is also now a mid-day radio personality in Las Vegas for 95.5 The Bull , an iHeartRadio radio station. Hamilton has begun writing

2420-442: A small town in central New Jersey called Long Branch at a station called WWZY Y-107. In 1983 while broadcasting one night, his big break came when a then famous radio executive Scott Shannon was flying commercially over Long Branch and heard Sean on the air. Upon Shannon's arrival at his destination Sean was immediately offered a job to be part of creating and premiering what is now the largest and most influential radio station in

2541-503: A standard analog transmission , WHTZ broadcasts in the HD Radio format, and streams online via iHeartRadio . From 2001 to June 18, 2020, the station was additionally simulcast on SiriusXM satellite radio channel 12; the station remained available on its streaming service until 2022. The first station to operate on 100.3  MHz was New York's fourth FM radio station, which signed on the air June 1, 1942, as W63NY at 46.3 MHz in

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2662-417: A stereo/mono switch to allow listening in mono when reception conditions are less than ideal, and most car radios are arranged to reduce the separation as the signal-to-noise ratio worsens, eventually going to mono while still indicating a stereo signal is received. As with monaural transmission, it is normal practice to apply pre-emphasis to the left and right channels before encoding and to apply de-emphasis at

2783-591: A well-known DJ who created a nightly mash-up mix of the day's top songs, playing them all together, mixing, for instance, the lyrics of one with the music of another. This often lasted 15–20 minutes, and was played at seven o'clock and ten o'clock Monday through Friday. Spinbad's mix was also a part of the weekly 5 O'Clock Whistle , a tradition started in 1986 to celebrate the end of the work week. In early 2006, Z100 launched an HD Radio station that plays songs by bands who have not gone mainstream, or have very little exposure. In October 2007, after years of hovering near

2904-525: Is added. VHF radio waves usually do not travel far beyond the visual horizon , so reception distances for FM stations are typically limited to 30–40 miles (50–60 km). They can also be blocked by hills and to a lesser extent by buildings. Individuals with more-sensitive receivers or specialized antenna systems, or who are located in areas with more favorable topography, may be able to receive useful FM broadcast signals at considerably greater distances. The knife edge effect can permit reception where there

3025-424: Is also hosted by Seacrest and airs Sunday mornings. In 2022, a documentary about the radio station entitled Worst to First: The True Story of Z100 New York was released. On March 13, 2024, Mark Medina announced that he would leave WHTZ for SVP/programming of the iHeart Phoenix cluster. He was succeeded by Mark Adams who is also vice president of CHR for the station's parent company on May 1. The first version of

3146-401: Is as follows: The normal stereo signal can be considered as switching between left and right channels at 38 kHz, appropriately band-limited. The quadraphonic signal can be considered as cycling through LF, LR, RF, RR, at 76 kHz. Early efforts to transmit discrete four-channel quadraphonic music required the use of two FM stations; one transmitting the front audio channels, the other

3267-422: Is authorized for "hybrid" mode operation, wherein both the conventional analog FM carrier and digital sideband subcarriers are transmitted. The output power of an FM broadcasting transmitter is one of the parameters that governs how far a transmission will cover. The other important parameters are the height of the transmitting antenna and the antenna gain . Transmitter powers should be carefully chosen so that

3388-515: Is claimed that no difference can be heard with most newer receivers. At present, the FCC rules do not allow this mode of stereo operation. In 1969, Louis Dorren invented the Quadraplex system of single station, discrete, compatible four-channel FM broadcasting. There are two additional subcarriers in the Quadraplex system, supplementing the single one used in standard stereo FM. The baseband layout

3509-508: Is defined by the time constant of a simple RC filter circuit. In most of the world a 50  μs time constant is used. In the Americas and South Korea , 75 μs is used. This applies to both mono and stereo transmissions. For stereo, pre-emphasis is applied to the left and right channels before multiplexing . The use of pre-emphasis becomes a problem because many forms of contemporary music contain more high-frequency energy than

3630-548: Is designed to be capable of use alongside ARI despite using identical subcarrier frequencies. In the United States and Canada , digital radio services are deployed within the FM band rather than using Eureka 147 or the Japanese standard ISDB . This in-band on-channel approach, as do all digital radio techniques, makes use of advanced compressed audio . The proprietary iBiquity system, branded as HD Radio ,

3751-462: Is given by the Carson bandwidth rule which is the sum of twice the maximum deviation and twice the maximum modulating frequency. For a transmission that includes RDS this would be 2 × 75 kHz + 2 × 60 kHz  = 270 kHz . This is also known as the necessary bandwidth . Random noise has a triangular spectral distribution in an FM system, with the effect that noise occurs predominantly at

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3872-429: Is limited to 30 Hz to 15 kHz to protect a 19 kHz pilot signal. The (L−R) signal, which is also limited to 15 kHz, is amplitude modulated onto a 38 kHz double-sideband suppressed-carrier (DSB-SC) signal, thus occupying 23 kHz to 53 kHz. A 19 kHz ± 2 Hz pilot tone , at exactly half the 38 kHz sub-carrier frequency and with a precise phase relationship to it, as defined by

3993-480: Is mainly the preserve of talk radio, news, sports, religious programming, ethnic (minority language) broadcasting and some types of minority interest music. This shift has transformed AM into the "alternative band" that FM once was. (Some AM stations have begun to simulcast on, or switch to, FM signals to attract younger listeners and aid reception problems in buildings, during thunderstorms, and near high-voltage wires. Some of these stations now emphasize their presence on

4114-671: Is no direct line of sight between broadcaster and receiver. The reception can vary considerably depending on the position. One example is the Učka mountain range, which makes constant reception of Italian signals from Veneto and Marche possible in a good portion of Rijeka , Croatia, despite the distance being over 200 km (125 miles). Other radio propagation effects such as tropospheric ducting and Sporadic E can occasionally allow distant stations to be intermittently received over very large distances (hundreds of miles), but cannot be relied on for commercial broadcast purposes. Good reception across

4235-496: Is only suitable for text. A few proprietary systems are used for private communications. A variant of RDS is the North American RBDS or "smart radio" system. In Germany the analog ARI system was used prior to RDS to alert motorists that traffic announcements were broadcast (without disturbing other listeners). Plans to use ARI for other European countries led to the development of RDS as a more powerful system. RDS

4356-520: Is open to anyone who does not carry a prohibition and can put up the appropriate licensing and royalty fees. In 2010 around 450 such licences were issued. Sean %22Hollywood%22 Hamilton Sean "Hollywood" Hamilton is an American radio personality. On November 8, 2019, he was inducted into the National Radio Hall of Fame . He can be heard live weekday afternoons on WKTU in New York City . On October 5, 2018, iHeartMedia announced

4477-508: Is related to the transmitter 's RF power, the antenna gain , and antenna height . Interference from other stations is also a factor in some places. In the U.S, the FCC publishes curves that aid in calculation of this maximum distance as a function of signal strength at the receiving location. Computer modelling is more commonly used for this around the world. Many FM stations, especially those located in severe multipath areas, use extra audio compression /processing to keep essential sound above

4598-630: Is stereo, there will typically be a guard band between the upper limit of the DSBSC stereo signal (53 kHz) and the lower limit of any other subcarrier. Digital data services are also available. A 57 kHz subcarrier ( phase locked to the third harmonic of the stereo pilot tone) is used to carry a low-bandwidth digital Radio Data System signal, providing extra features such as station name, alternative frequency (AF), traffic data for satellite navigation systems and radio text (RT). This narrowband signal runs at only 1,187.5 bits per second , thus

4719-821: Is the founder, executive producer and host of the Electronic Dance Music Awards . It is an annual music award event focusing across most all electronic dance music genres. Every March the event is held at the Eden Roc Miami Beach Hotel in Miami during the Ultra Music Festival / Miami Music Week . The awards are given out across a variety of categories including Song of the Year in Dance, Tech, House and Bass genres, Best Male and Female Artist, Best Collaboration, Remix of

4840-727: Is used, or some portion of it, with few exceptions: The frequency of an FM broadcast station (more strictly its assigned nominal center frequency) is usually a multiple of 100 kHz. In most of South Korea , the Americas , the Philippines , and the Caribbean , only odd multiples are used. Some other countries follow this plan because of the import of vehicles, principally from the United States, with radios that can only tune to these frequencies. In some parts of Europe , Greenland , and Africa , only even multiples are used. In

4961-831: The FCC . Included were systems from 14 proponents including Crosby, Halstead, Electrical and Musical Industries, Ltd ( EMI ), Zenith, and General Electric. The individual systems were evaluated for their strengths and weaknesses during field tests in Uniontown, Pennsylvania , using KDKA-FM in Pittsburgh as the originating station. The Crosby system was rejected by the FCC because it was incompatible with existing subsidiary communications authorization (SCA) services which used various subcarrier frequencies including 41 and 67 kHz. Many revenue-starved FM stations used SCAs for "storecasting" and other non-broadcast purposes. The Halstead system

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5082-637: The Federal Communications Commission issued a formal cease and desist. It wasn't until then, that Hamilton's parents even knew of such an operation. In 1990 actor Christian Slater studied the role of playing a DJ for the motion picture Pump Up the Volume under the tutelage of then friend Hamilton. Because Sean Hamilton's start in radio was very similar to the storyline in the movie, Christian's Mother Mary Jo Slater had personally asked Sean if he'd work with Christian on and off

5203-595: The Light Programme , Third Programme and Home Service . These three networks used the sub-band 88.0–94.6 MHz. The sub-band 94.6–97.6 MHz was later used for BBC and local commercial services. However, only when commercial broadcasting was introduced to the UK in 1973 did the use of FM pick up in Britain. With the gradual clearance of other users (notably Public Services such as police, fire and ambulance) and

5324-492: The Remix Top 30 , an EDM show that features club deejays remixing the top hits of the week featuring celebrity guests. Hamilton has hosted both the pop and urban versions simultaneously until 2009, with Ramiro Torres (who was later replaced with DJ Pup Dawg) taking over hosting duties for the urban version. On January 28, 2013, Hamilton signed a new deal with Premiere Networks that brings his syndicated countdown shows into

5445-543: The United Kingdom , both odd and even are used. In Italy , multiples of 50 kHz are used. In most countries the maximum permitted frequency error of the unmodulated carrier is specified, which typically should be within 2 kHz of the assigned frequency. There are other unusual and obsolete FM broadcasting standards in some countries, with non-standard spacings of 1, 10, 30, 74, 500, and 300 kHz. To minimise inter-channel interference, stations operating from

5566-587: The Westwood One Radio Network for an undisclosed financial amount, stopped hosting it and moved to Los Angeles to work for KIIS-FM. The name was then changed from "Lovelines" to "Loveline" and Hamilton's creation was quickly imitated on radio stations throughout America. KROQ and Dr. Drew Pinsky in Los Angeles gained the most notoriety where MTV Networks noticed it and produced a TV version of "Loveline” that ran on MTV from 1996 to 2000. From 1989 to 1992, every Sunday night, Hamilton produced and

5687-477: The Z Morning Zoo came together within two months of sign-on, and featured Michael Scott Shannon, Ross Brittain, Jack Murphy, John "JR Nelson" Marik, Claire Stevens, John "Professor Jonathan B." Bell, with Kevin "Captain" Smith, and Anita Bonita. It also gained rapid popularity for its use of the character "Mr. Leonard", invented by radio personality John Carrillo of KKBQ in Houston in 1986, who subsequently moved

5808-476: The "Morning Zoo" title, which was simply renamed "The Morning Show." Morning host John Lander left in November 1995 due to his contract not being renewed, with more airstaff gradually leaving the station shortly thereafter. Ratings, though nowhere near the top anymore, remained steady at the station during much of the mid-1990s. However, by March 1996, there was a steep drop after WKTU signed on at 103.5 FM with

5929-459: The "Remix at 6 with Jason Nevins", where one of Jason's remixes is played every night at 6 pm. The programming follows the Z100 playlist and gives listeners a "you heard it here first" mix premiere of projects that come straight from Jason's studio. During the 2000s, Z100's slogan "New York's #1 Hit Music Station", used in tandem on-air with "All The Hits." The long-running "#1" part of the slogan

6050-403: The "Z Morning Zoo" (which was known as "The Morning Show" for the last year), Z100's popular morning show, on April 22 of that year. Despite having shared the post with other hosts (such as Elliot Segal , now at WWDC ) through the years, Duran remains the "Head Zookeeper" to this day. By December 1996, Z100 was a full-time Top 40 station again. Chancellor merged with Evergreen in 1997, making WKTU

6171-402: The "alternative years". By 1997, more core artists began creating Christmas music. As a result, Z100 reinstated the 24 hours of Christmas that year. It continued until 2004, when it was discontinued due to the desire to counter-program other co-owned stations as well as competitors. From 1997 to 2015, the station also aired a pre-recorded countdown show of the top 100 songs for the year, based on

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6292-467: The (audio) input signal, determining the instantaneous frequency of the transmitted signal. Because transmitted FM signals use significantly more bandwidth than AM signals, this form of modulation is commonly used with the higher ( VHF or UHF ) frequencies used by TV , the FM broadcast band , and land mobile radio systems . The maximum frequency deviation of the carrier is usually specified and regulated by

6413-489: The 85th floor of the Empire State Building in New York City . These FM multiplex transmissions started in November 1934 and consisted of the main channel audio program and three subcarriers : a fax program, a synchronizing signal for the fax program and a telegraph order channel. These original FM multiplex subcarriers were amplitude modulated. Two musical programs, consisting of both the Red and Blue Network program feeds of

6534-665: The FCC announced the reassignment of the FM band to 90 channels from 88–106 MHz (which was soon expanded to 100 channels from 88–108 MHz). This shift, which the AM-broadcaster RCA had pushed for, made all the Armstrong-era FM receivers useless and delayed the expansion of FM. In 1961 WEFM (in the Chicago area) and WGFM (in Schenectady, New York ) were reported as the first stereo stations. By

6655-511: The FCC for a new FM station on 100.3 MHz at Newark. It came up against a competing application for the frequency from WMGM, proposing operation in New York City. The FCC opted to award the station to Newark, as it found that a second major FM service for Newark was more equitable than a 14th for New York City. On June 1, 1961, WVNJ-FM signed on from the AM site in Livingston, New Jersey , moving

6776-496: The FCC that the system was compatible with existing two-channel stereo transmission and reception and that it did not interfere with adjacent stations. There were several variations on this system submitted by GE, Zenith, RCA, and Denon for testing and consideration during the National Quadraphonic Radio Committee field trials for the FCC. The original Dorren Quadraplex System outperformed all

6897-520: The FM band.) The medium wave band (known as the AM band because most stations using it employ amplitude modulation) was overcrowded in western Europe, leading to interference problems and, as a result, many MW frequencies are suitable only for speech broadcasting. Belgium , the Netherlands , Denmark and particularly Germany were among the first countries to adopt FM on a widespread scale. Among

7018-979: The FM radio band from 87.5-108.0 MHz to 76.1-108.0 MHz to enable the migration of AM radio stations in Brazilian capitals and large cities. FM broadcasting began in the late 1930s, when it was initiated by a handful of early pioneer experimental stations, including W1XOJ/W43B/WGTR (shut down in 1953) and W1XTG/ WSRS , both transmitting from Paxton, Massachusetts (now listed as Worcester, Massachusetts ); W1XSL/W1XPW/W65H/WDRC-FM/WFMQ/WHCN , Meriden, Connecticut; and W2XMN , KE2XCC , and WFMN , Alpine, New Jersey (owned by Edwin Armstrong himself, closed down upon Armstrong's death in 1954). Also of note were General Electric stations W2XDA Schenectady and W2XOY New Scotland, New York—two experimental FM transmitters on 48.5 MHz—which signed on in 1939. The two began regular programming, as W2XOY, on November 20, 1940. Over

7139-399: The FM transmitter. The terms composite , multiplex and even MPX are used interchangeably to describe this signal. The instantaneous deviation of the transmitter carrier frequency due to the stereo audio and pilot tone (at 10% modulation) is where A and B are the pre-emphasized left and right audio signals and f p {\displaystyle f_{p}} =19 kHz is

7260-542: The NBC Radio Network, were simultaneously transmitted using the same system of subcarrier modulation as part of a studio-to-transmitter link system. In April 1935, the AM subcarriers were replaced by FM subcarriers, with much improved results. The first FM subcarrier transmissions emanating from Major Armstrong's experimental station KE2XCC at Alpine, New Jersey occurred in 1948. These transmissions consisted of two-channel audio programs, binaural audio programs and

7381-651: The Premiere syndication stable beginning February 1, 2013. In addition, his shows will also be featured on the iHeartRadio platform, which is owned by Premiere's parent company (and Hamilton's employer) iHeartMedia On July 31, 2017, the Remix Top 30 won Best Syndicated Show of the year at the 2017 Promo Awards in Atlantic City, New Jersey. On August 6, 2019, the Remix Top30 won Best Syndicated Show of

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7502-544: The SiriusXM platform as well, thus pushing remaining listeners to the iHeartRadio platform. Z100 broadcasts a mainstream Top 40 format. A majority of the music played on Z100 tends to be pop, R&B , alternative , hip-hop , rock, EDM , and dance. On Air with Ryan Seacrest , syndicated nationally via Premiere Networks , is heard daily. The station is the New York home for Premiere Networks' American Top 40 , which

7623-594: The United States Navy Blue Angels . Hamilton remained at KIIS-FM from 1987 to 1994. In 1995 he was on KGGI in Riverside . In April 2009, Clear Channel handpicked Hamilton to become the new afternoon drive host on KBIG-FM, known as 104.3 MYfm in Los Angeles. He was Clear Channel's only "music" radio personality to have an afternoon show broadcasting simultaneously in both New York and Los Angeles, Monday through Friday. Although Hamilton

7744-526: The Year, Best New Artist, Club DJ Of the Year, and Vocalist of the Year, among many others. A staple of Miami Music Week, the EDMAs have emerged as the dance music industry's preeminent award show. Driven by its fan-based voting system, the MTV-style ceremony dishes out unique trophies as mementos, which resemble DJ decks and feature a functional jog-wheel. The EDMAs are known as a star-studded affair, featuring

7865-459: The air while working at KIISFM in Los Angeles. In 1996, Clear Channel convinced Hamilton to relocate back to New York City to host a show for their WKTU evening slot. Hamilton brought a sidekick/comedian along by the name of Goumba Johnny, their chemistry earned them top ratings consistently for two years. Because of their overwhelming success, in September 2006 Clear Channel decided to promote

7986-518: The background noise for listeners, often at the expense of overall perceived sound quality. In such instances, however, this technique is often surprisingly effective in increasing the station's useful range. The first radio station to broadcast in FM in Brazil was Rádio Imprensa, which began broadcasting in Rio de Janeiro in 1955, on the 102.1 MHz frequency, founded by businesswoman Anna Khoury. Due to

8107-472: The biggest stars in the world including Lady Gaga , Katy Perry , Justin Bieber , David Guetta , Pitbull , and LMFAO . From 1983 to 1991 and from 1997 to 2004, Z100 aired the "24 Hours Of Christmas" from Christmas Eve to Christmas Day. Sometimes it began at noon, and other years it would be as late as 2 pm. It was one of the first major-market Top 40 stations to play wall-to-wall Christmas music at

8228-482: The call sign WHTZ, went back on the air at 6:08 a.m. on August 2, 1983, with new program director and morning jock Scott Shannon . The first two songs ever played on the station were " Eye of the Tiger " by Survivor , and " America " by Neil Diamond . The station's call sign represents the word "hits" with a Z, a fact pointed out in an early station advertising campaign where it was proclaimed that 'finally, there's

8349-407: The character to New York. As of 2020, the morning show includes Elvis Duran , Danielle Monaro, Gandhi, Froggy, Skeery Jones, David Brody, "Straight Nate" Marino, producer Sam, Garrett, Scotty B, Coaster Boy Josh, Diamond, and Producer Jake. The Z100 Morning Show features "Danielle's Entertainment Report," News Reports with Gandhi, "Phone Taps" (prank calls to an unsuspecting friend or relative of

8470-431: The country is one of the main advantages over DAB/+ radio . This is still less than the range of AM radio waves, which because of their lower frequencies can travel as ground waves or reflect off the ionosphere , so AM radio stations can be received at hundreds (sometimes thousands) of miles. This is a property of the carrier wave's typical frequency (and power), not its mode of modulation. The range of FM transmission

8591-516: The duo to WKTU's afternoon drive. In December 2010, with the departure of sidekick Goumba Johnny, Hamilton started hosting the afternoon drive-time show solo. Since then his show became not only the highest rated afternoon show in the New York metro area but currently also holds the highest rated share for all radio stations in New York. (8.2 share 25–54 demographic, according to the Arbitron PPM/Summer rating system). In 1996 Hamilton

8712-425: The end of 1994, the majority of the station's music consisted of alternative rock with only a few non-modern-rock-based songs per hour (mostly the big current hits). The station still played the current popular hits by mainstream artists such as Madonna , TLC , Janet Jackson , Mariah Carey , Seal , Bon Jovi , and others; notably, though, Z100 snubbed several big pop hits in 1995 such as " Have You Ever Really Loved

8833-567: The extension of the FM band to 108.0 MHz between 1980 and 1995, FM expanded rapidly throughout the British Isles and effectively took over from LW and MW as the delivery platform of choice for fixed and portable domestic and vehicle-based receivers. In addition, Ofcom (previously the Radio Authority) in the UK issues on demand Restricted Service Licences on FM and also on AM (MW) for short-term local-coverage broadcasting which

8954-639: The eye of then President George H. W. Bush where Hamilton was asked to join the President for several youth anti-drug appearances. During the late eighties through the mid-nineties while at KIIS-FM, Hamilton made many other notable high-profile appearances such as participating in the Toyota Pro/Celebrity Race Grand Prix of Long Beach and being part of the Los Angeles Air Show where he trained and flew with

9075-481: The formula below, is also generated. The pilot is transmitted at 8–10% of overall modulation level and used by the receiver to identify a stereo transmission and to regenerate the 38 kHz sub-carrier with the correct phase. The composite stereo multiplex signal contains the Main Channel (L+R), the pilot tone, and the (L−R) difference signal. This composite signal, along with any other sub-carriers, modulates

9196-482: The frequency of the pilot tone. Slight variations in the peak deviation may occur in the presence of other subcarriers or because of local regulations. Another way to look at the resulting signal is that it alternates between left and right at 38 kHz, with the phase determined by the 19 kHz pilot signal. Most stereo encoders use this switching technique to generate the 38 kHz subcarrier, but practical encoder designs need to incorporate circuitry to deal with

9317-430: The harder alternative songs were phased out. Though it initially seemed that Z100 was becoming a modern AC station, beginning that summer, the station gradually began to move back to a mainstream top 40 format, as it added pop music from such formats as R&B, rap, and adult contemporary . Late in July 1996, dance music returned to "Planet Z." One of Poleman's biggest moves was to switch DJ Elvis Duran from afternoons to

9438-513: The high import costs of FM radio receivers, transmissions were carried out in circuit closed to businesses and stores, which played ambient music offered by radio. Until 1976, Rádio Imprensa was the only station operating in FM in Brazil. From the second half of the 1970s onwards, FM radio stations began to become popular in Brazil, causing AM radio to gradually lose popularity. In 2021, the Brazilian Ministry of Communications expanded

9559-478: The higher audio frequencies within the baseband . This can be offset, to a limited extent, by boosting the high frequencies before transmission and reducing them by a corresponding amount in the receiver. Reducing the high audio frequencies in the receiver also reduces the high-frequency noise. These processes of boosting and then reducing certain frequencies are known as pre-emphasis and de-emphasis , respectively. The amount of pre-emphasis and de-emphasis used

9680-524: The late 1960s, FM had been adopted for broadcast of stereo "A.O.R.—' Album Oriented Rock ' Format", but it was not until 1978 that listenership to FM stations exceeded that of AM stations in North America. In most of the 70s FM was seen as highbrow radio associated with educational programming and classical music, which changed during the 1980s and 1990s when Top 40 music stations and later even country music stations largely abandoned AM for FM. Today AM

9801-501: The late 1970s, Dolby FM was similar to Dolby B but used a modified 25 μs pre-emphasis time constant and a frequency selective companding arrangement to reduce noise. The pre-emphasis change compensates for the excess treble response that otherwise would make listening difficult for those without Dolby decoders. A similar system named High Com FM was tested in Germany between July 1979 and December 1981 by IRT . It

9922-465: The left (L) and right (R) channels are algebraically encoded into sum (L+R) and difference (L−R) signals. A mono receiver will use just the L+R signal so the listener will hear both channels through the single loudspeaker. A stereo receiver will add the difference signal to the sum signal to recover the left channel, and subtract the difference signal from the sum to recover the right channel. The (L+R) signal

10043-449: The licensing authorities in each country. For a stereo broadcast, the maximum permitted carrier deviation is invariably ±75 kHz, although a little higher is permitted in the United States when SCA systems are used. For a monophonic broadcast, again the most common permitted maximum deviation is ±75 kHz. However, some countries specify a lower value for monophonic broadcasts, such as ±50 kHz. The bandwidth of an FM transmission

10164-460: The music on the air. However, because of Disney's strict rules and regulations regarding their image, the show came to an end in the winter of 1992. Hamilton remains an honorary citizen of Disneyland, an accolade that Mickey and friends personally presented to him on his birthday, March 25, 1989. Hamilton is the host and executive producer of three syndicated radio shows: Hollywood Hamilton's Weekend Top 30 , which has both pop and urban versions, and

10285-474: The musical styles which prevailed at the birth of FM broadcasting. Pre-emphasizing these high-frequency sounds would cause excessive deviation of the FM carrier . Modulation control (limiter) devices are used to prevent this. Systems more modern than FM broadcasting tend to use either programme-dependent variable pre-emphasis; e.g., dbx in the BTSC TV sound system, or none at all. Pre-emphasis and de-emphasis

10406-540: The next few years this station operated under the call signs W57A, W87A and WGFM, and moved to 99.5 MHz when the FM band was relocated to the 88–108 MHz portion of the radio spectrum. General Electric sold the station in the 1980s. Today this station is WRVE . Other pioneers included W2XQR/W59NY/WQXQ/WQXR-FM , New York; W47NV/WSM-FM Nashville, Tennessee (signed off in 1951); W1XER/W39B/WMNE , with studios in Boston and later Portland, Maine, but whose transmitter

10527-563: The nickname "Hollywood" when he was nine years old. Sitting backstage watching his father's Las Vegas show while wearing a suit and bow tie, one of his father's showgirls passed by, stopped, and called him "Little Hollywood". While still in high school, Hamilton landed his first job in commercial radio after gaining recognition from an illegal pirate radio station, broadcasting from a walk-in closet in his parents' home in Reno, Nevada. After weeks of complaints from local commercial radio stations

10648-483: The old FM band. The station, which had become WHNF when it moved to 100.3, was co-owned with WHN and played easy listening music. After WHN changed its call sign to WMGM in 1948, WHNF followed suit by changing their call letters to WMGM-FM. The station shut down in February 1955 and surrendered its license to the Federal Communications Commission . In 1958, Newark Broadcasting, owner of WVNJ (620 AM), filed with

10769-570: The others and was chosen as the national standard for Quadraphonic FM broadcasting in the United States. The first commercial FM station to broadcast quadraphonic program content was WIQB (now called WWWW-FM ) in Ann Arbor / Saline, Michigan under the guidance of Chief Engineer Brian Jeffrey Brown. Various attempts to add analog noise reduction to FM broadcasting were carried out in the 1970s and 1980s: A commercially unsuccessful noise reduction system used with FM radio in some countries during

10890-476: The popular radio show called Lovelines . In 1983 shortly after being hired at Z100 in New York Hamilton resurrected the show and called it "Hollywood Hamilton's Midnight Lovelines", which offered medical and relationship advice to listeners, often with the assistance of guests, including actors and members of popular bands. After the show became a huge hit in New York Hamilton signed the rights over to

11011-507: The rear channels. A breakthrough came in 1970 when KIOI ( K-101 ) in San Francisco successfully transmitted true quadraphonic sound from a single FM station using the Quadraplex system under Special Temporary Authority from the FCC . Following this experiment, a long-term test period was proposed that would permit one FM station in each of the top 25 U.S. radio markets to transmit in Quadraplex. The test results hopefully would prove to

11132-559: The reasons for this were: Public service broadcasters in Ireland and Australia were far slower at adopting FM radio than those in either North America or continental Europe . Hans Idzerda operated a broadcasting station, PCGG , at The Hague from 1919 to 1924, which employed narrow-band FM transmissions. In the United Kingdom the BBC conducted tests during the 1940s, then began FM broadcasting in 1955, with three national networks:

11253-478: The receiver after decoding. In the U.S. around 2010, using single-sideband modulation for the stereo subcarrier was proposed. It was theorized to be more spectrum-efficient and to produce a 4 dB s/n improvement at the receiver, and it was claimed that multipath distortion would be reduced as well. A handful of radio stations around the country broadcast stereo in this way, under FCC experimental authority. It may not be compatible with very old receivers, but it

11374-570: The required area is covered without causing interference to other stations further away. Practical transmitter powers range from a few milliwatts to 80 kW. As transmitter powers increase above a few kilowatts, the operating costs become high and only viable for large stations. The efficiency of larger transmitters is now better than 70% (AC power in to RF power out) for FM-only transmission. This compares to 50% before high efficiency switch-mode power supplies and LDMOS amplifiers were used. Efficiency drops dramatically if any digital HD Radio service

11495-405: The sale closing that August. In July, Bryan left the morning show; in November, John Lander became morning show host. Also that year, Z100 dropped the older songs and began mixing in a moderate amount of rock music which wasn't normally being played on top 40 stations. Initially, the station had a rock lean, but during the course of 1994, alternative rock began to become prevalent on the station. By

11616-401: The same or close frequencies. Frequency modulation or FM is a form of modulation which conveys information by varying the frequency of a carrier wave ; the older amplitude modulation or AM varies the amplitude of the carrier, with its frequency remaining constant. With FM, frequency deviation from the assigned carrier frequency at any instant is directly proportional to the amplitude of

11737-399: The same or nearby transmitter sites tend to keep to at least a 500 kHz frequency separation even when closer frequency spacing is technically permitted. The ITU publishes Protection Ratio graphs, which give the minimum spacing between frequencies based on their relative strengths. Only broadcast stations with large enough geographic separations between their coverage areas can operate on

11858-422: The show was known as Elvis Duran and The (Y/Z) Morning Zoo . By July 2008, the "Zoo" references were later replaced with "Show". In March 2009, Clear Channel subsidiary Premiere Radio Networks added Elvis Duran and the Morning Show to its blue-ribbon lineup of nationally syndicated radio programs and is now heard coast to coast on over 70 stations. Elvis Duran and the Morning Show had both its 20th anniversary as

11979-433: The show. In June 2006, Cubby left Z100 to co-host the nationally syndicated " Wake Up With Whoopi " Goldberg program, which was heard on WKTU until Goldberg left that station. Songs that were released in the final quarter of the year could have been problematic; if a song is very popular during the last three months of the year and is in high rotation, it would often peak higher than a song that had been in medium rotation for

12100-496: The spokesman and spokesmodel for companies including Sprint Nextel , Drakkar Cologne , Doritos , M&M's , Levi Strauss & Co. , Pepsi and 5-Hour Energy . On his off time away from the radio industry, Hamilton's production company, Mischief Media Entertainment, has directed and produced television pilots for Telepictures , Warner Bros. , Twentieth Century Fox and two half-hour pilots for Court TV entitled 29 Minutes & Counting . On March 22, 2010, Hamilton signed

12221-462: The switching harmonics. Converting the multiplex signal back into left and right audio signals is performed by a decoder, built into stereo receivers. Again, the decoder can use a switching technique to recover the left and right channels. In addition, for a given RF level at the receiver, the signal-to-noise ratio and multipath distortion for the stereo signal will be worse than for the mono receiver. For this reason many stereo FM receivers include

12342-407: The time. The music consisted of Christmas songs by the station's core artists mixed with well-known Christmas music by oldies artists and some traditional easy listening type artists. The station played about 125 songs in total, which were repeated over this 24-hour period. When Scott Shannon arrived at WPLJ, he began the same tradition there in 1991. Z100 discontinued the tradition in 1992 and during

12463-489: The top, Z100 once again became the highest-rated station in New York City, scoring a 5.1 rating in persons 12+ in the Summer book. That marked the first number-one finish for the station since the 1980s, according to Clear Channel New York programming guru Tom Poleman. It also scored a first-place among the 18-34 demographic in the book, as well as a second place in the 25–54 demo. In 2008, remixer Jason Nevins joined Z100 for

12584-504: The total number of song spins, listener requests, and weekly playlist success (peak position, weeks on). The show was then repeated an average of once a day over the following week, with a final broadcast airing in January. Between 1997 and 2004, the countdown began at noon on Christmas Day after the "24 Hours Of Christmas"; the start date moved to Christmas Eve in 2005, which was the last year where Elvis Duran and Paul "Cubby" Bryant hosted

12705-503: The world today, New York's WHTZ /Z100. At just 20 years old and only four years after building his small pirate radio station in Reno, Nevada, he was now on the air at Z100 in New York City. After Z100s premiere on August 2, 1983, with its legendary campaign "Worst to First", the station went #1 in the ratings in just 74 days. During those four years working in New York he helped launch and introduce such new artists as Madonna , Duran Duran , U2 , Cyndi Lauper and Prince , just to name

12826-497: The year at the 1 Music Ave Awards in Ft Lauderdale, FL. The weekend of June 26–27, 2021 was the last airing for all of Hamilton's syndicated shows. Despite this, the urban version continues to be broadcast both on radio and on streaming apps such as iHeartRadio, Dash Radio and Mixcloud under the name DJ Pup Dawg’s Top 30 Countdown , while also adding KPWR personality Kalisha Pereira as contributor. Hamilton has been

12947-529: Was "WVNJoy's beautiful music by day, jazz by night". In May 1983, plans were made for 100.3 FM to be purchased by Cleveland-based Malrite Communications. Malrite moved the station's studios to Secaucus, New Jersey and the transmitter to the Empire State Building. In addition, new management announced plans for a top 40 format. The sale became final on August 1, 1983, and WVNJ-FM ceased broadcasting on 100.3 that night. The station, which now had

13068-660: Was asked to host the annual Easter Egg Roll at the White House with President Bill Clinton and first Lady Hillary Clinton in Washington, D.C. On September 2, 2015, WKTU announced that Sean ‘Hollywood’ Hamilton had signed a new three-year deal to extend his contract through 2018. In their press release it stated that Hamilton's show is currently rated the No.1 afternoon show by Arbitron's Portable People Meter (PPM) with adults ages 25–54. It goes on to mention his show features

13189-616: Was atop the highest mountain in the northeast United States, Mount Washington , New Hampshire (shut down in 1948); and W9XAO/W55M/WTMJ-FM Milwaukee, Wisconsin (went off air in 1950). A commercial FM broadcasting band was formally established in the United States as of January 1, 1941, with the first fifteen construction permits announced on October 31, 1940. These stations primarily simulcast their AM sister stations, in addition to broadcasting lush orchestral music for stores and offices, classical music to an upmarket listenership in urban areas, and educational programming. On June 27, 1945

13310-530: Was based on the Telefunken High ;Com broadband compander system, but was never introduced commercially in FM broadcasting. Yet another system was the CX -based noise reduction system FMX implemented in some radio broadcasting stations in the United States in the 1980s. FM broadcasting has included subsidiary communications authorization (SCA) services capability since its inception, as it

13431-480: Was brought in to be WHTZ's first night jock. His show became a huge success, mainly due to his feature called "Hollywood's Midnight Lovelines". On November 8, 2019, Hamilton was inducted into the National Radio Hall of Fame. On August 28, 1987, Epic Records sued WHTZ for playing Michael Jackson and Siedah Garrett's song " I Just Can't Stop Loving You " the day before it was supposed to debut. The song

13552-476: Was live on WKTU on the east coast, his show was prerecorded three hours prior to airing at three PM on the west coast. This method of pre-recording a broadcast shift is called "tracking" and has been much criticized within the industry. In January 2011 Hamilton resigned his west coast "tracking" duties for MYfm. In 1979, while working on his first commercial radio station, KCBN in Reno Nevada, Hamilton created

13673-540: Was named top pop programmer of the year by Billboard . He succeeded programmer Sharon Dastur, as Dastur took on a position at iHeartRadio, Z100's parent company. On June 18, 2020, SiriusXM removed the WHTZ simulcast from its satellite radio service, continuing to offer the station on streaming packages. This was followed by its removal from the SiriusXM service altogether in June 2022, alongside corporate sibling KIIS-FM leaving

13794-509: Was rejected due to lack of high frequency stereo separation and reduction in the main channel signal-to-noise ratio. The GE and Zenith systems, so similar that they were considered theoretically identical, were formally approved by the FCC in April 1961 as the standard stereo FM broadcasting method in the United States and later adopted by most other countries. It is important that stereo broadcasts be compatible with mono receivers. For this reason,

13915-654: Was removed in 2007, then brought back during spring 2014. Another former slogan was "Today's Best Music". In 2010 WHTZ changed its own logo. WHTZ-HD2 was the flagship station for Nick Radio , a top 40 station aimed at children and pre-teens which broadcasts nationwide through iHeartRadio's app and uses WHTZ personnel. The station was launched in late September 2013 and was quietly shut down in late July 2019. On September 16, 2014, Clear Channel, WHTZ's owners, renamed themselves to their current name of iHeartMedia after its increasingly successful iHeartRadio Internet radio platform. In 2017, Mark Medina, program director of WHTZ,

14036-613: Was seen as another service which licensees could use to create additional income. Use of SCAs was particularly popular in the US, but much less so elsewhere. Uses for such subcarriers include radio reading services for the blind , which became common and remain so, private data transmission services (for example sending stock market information to stockbrokers or stolen credit card number denial lists to stores, ) subscription commercial-free background music services for shops, paging ("beeper") services, alternative-language programming, and providing

14157-418: Was supposed to be released on July 21, 1987, but WHTZ played it on the afternoon of July 20. Wilson was replaced in July 1990 with Gary Bryan , who came over from WPLJ. On June 6, 1991, WHTZ was accused of making sexist and racist comments when Steve Kingston told listeners to "be a JAP (Jewish-American princess) for a day." The station also played games with viewers such as "JAP trivia" and they also created

14278-512: Was the entertainment director for major Nevada hotels and casinos, and also a comedian who performed in those establishments. Hamilton's mother, April Ames, was a singer for Harry James , Sam Donahue , Buddy Rich , and others during the "big band" era. She made appearances on Johnny Carson and George Gobel television shows. Later, during the 1970s, she performed on the Nevada casino circuit with her own band, April Ames and The Dames. Hamilton got

14399-549: Was the host of a live satellite radio show from Disneyland in Southern California. The four-hour show was called "Hangin' with Hollywood" and featured interviews with music, television and motion picture celebrities on the Tomorrowland main stage. This live radio show quickly became a Disney attraction for tourists who could watch celebrities being interviewed and participate by being "guest DJs", introducing

14520-480: Was undergoing a crisis at this point. The station was sold in a corporate deal to Chancellor Media. In April 1996, the station brought in Tom Poleman as its new programming director. Initially, at that point, Z100 dropped all non-modern rock titles and began playing strictly pop alternative. (In addition, "Planet Z" became a new wave show as well.) By May 1996, Z100 began gradually replacing its on-air staff, and

14641-446: Was used in the earliest days of FM broadcasting. According to a BBC report from 1946, 100 μs was originally considered in the US, but 75 μs subsequently adopted. Long before FM stereo transmission was considered, FM multiplexing of other types of audio-level information was experimented with. Edwin Armstrong, who invented FM, was the first to experiment with multiplexing, at his experimental 41 MHz station W2XDG located on

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