114-596: WLS-FM (94.7 MHz ) is a commercial classic hits radio station licensed to serve Chicago, Illinois . Owned by Cumulus Media , the station serves the Chicago metropolitan area , and is the radio home of Dave Fogel . The WLS-FM studios are located at the NBC Tower in the city's Streeterville neighborhood, while its transmitter is located at Willis Tower . The American Broadcasting Company, owners of Chicago's ABC Radio Network affiliate WENR (890 AM)—which operated in
228-578: A Warner compilation, The Best of Donna Summer , was released (no US issue). The album went Gold in the UK after the song " State of Independence " was re-released there to promote the album. A remix of the Another Place and Time track " Breakaway " was released from the same album, becoming a major hit in Latin America. Despite this success, Summer rejected Sudano's advice that she should record
342-788: A time-share arrangement with WLS (890 AM) , radio adjunct of the Prairie Farmer and itself an ABC affiliate—launched this station as WENR-FM on January 1, 1948. This time-share agreement ended in February 1954, when ABC's parent company American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres and the Prairie Farmer merged their AM stations into one, WLS becoming the surviving entity and jointly owned by both. WENR-FM retained its callsign but began simulcasting WLS's programming, later adopting its own separate programming formats (which included classical and Broadway theater show tunes ) for part of
456-399: A variety hits format branded as " Jack FM ", at noon on September 26, 2005, WZZN dropped its active rock format (and finally ditched the "Zone" branding) and flipped to oldies as "94.7 True Oldies", with programming from Scott Shannon 's The True Oldies Channel except for morning and afternoon drive times, when the station aired local programming. The final song on "The Zone" was " For Whom
570-603: A Christmas album, Christmas Spirit , which included classic Christmas songs such as " O Holy Night " and " White Christmas " and three Summer-penned songs, " Christmas is Here ", " Lamb of God " and the album's title track. Summer was accompanied by the Nashville Symphony Orchestra. Another hits collection, Endless Summer: Donna Summer's Greatest Hits , was released featuring eighteen songs. There were two new tracks " Melody of Love (Wanna Be Loved) " and " Any Way at All ". In 1994, she also contributed to
684-445: A German ski movie called Fire and Ice , and thought Summer would be ideal to sing the song. He decided to reach out to Summer and, although she was not interested in singing the song, she was very much interested in working with Faltermeyer again. After a meeting with David Geffen he was on board with the project. Summer's main objective for the album was that it have stronger R&B influences; Faltermeyer who had just finished doing
798-415: A Rainbow , subtitled Recovered & Recoloured . The new edition is reduced to 10 tracks (15 on vinyl and streaming releases), with each song remixed by contemporary producers and remixers. Her self-titled album was re-released in 2022 by Summer's estate subtitled as 40th Anniversary Edition . In 2023, Summer's "She Works Hard For The Money" album was re-released with additional mixes to commemorate
912-552: A TV special that raised funds and awareness for the world's children. Artists donated royalties of certain songs, some in perpetuity, to benefit the cause. Summer began work on her next project with Moroder and Bellotte, Bad Girls . Moroder brought in Harold Faltermeyer , with whom he had collaborated on the soundtrack of film Midnight Express , to be the album's arranger. In 1979, Summer gained five big hits: " Hot Stuff " and " Bad Girls ", "Heaven Knows", " Dim All
1026-413: A Time . The Drifters cover " There Goes My Baby " reached No. 21 and " Supernatural Love " went to No. 75. She would win another Grammy for Best Inspirational Performance for the song "Forgive Me". On January 19, 1985, she sang at the nationally televised 50th Presidential Inaugural Gala the day before the second inauguration of Ronald Reagan . In 1986, Harold Faltermeyer wrote the title song for
1140-454: A brief time. The 1978 switch to disco was the first in a series of format changes that continued up to its switch to classic hits in October 2012. On October 20, 1980, WRCK-FM switched to a Top 40 / CHR format with a partial simulcast of WLS (AM) and changed its call sign back to WLS-FM. The simulcast included Larry Lujack during the morning drive and Brant Miller 's evening show into
1254-407: A classic rock-leaning classic hits format. The Scott Shannon "True Oldies Channel" branding, programming, and voice tracking were removed. The pre-1964 oldies were dropped entirely, while Motown and 1970s pop and disco hits were cut back, and more 1980s songs were also added. The focus on the station was now hits of the 1970s and early 1980s with only several 1960s songs per hour. Morning DJ Dave Fogel
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#17327934186071368-681: A co-hosting role. Diamond would leave the station in July 2015, with Miller re-assuming a main hosting role. Kim Berk, formerly of WWFS in New York, joined Miller as co-host in January 2016. Robert Murphy was released from the station in December 2016 to be replaced by Ron Parker (from WCBS-FM in New York) to handle afternoon duties. As of late 2017, the focus is now mainly hits of the 1970s through
1482-697: A couple of months later; at the time, competitor " B96 " increasingly focused on R&B and dance music. WYTZ, which was briefly rebranded as "Hell" (an aborted and controversial one-week stunt) and "Hot 94.7" in March 1991, became rhythmic for a short-period of time and could not withstand the competition from "B96". This competition left " Q101 " the only mainstream Top 40/CHR station in the Chicago area until "B96" went towards mainstream by late 1991-early 1992. WYTZ again became WLS-FM at 7 p.m. on October 25, 1991. After playing " Everybody's Talkin' " by Harry Nilsson ,
1596-510: A full-time simulcast once again with WLS (AM) on June 2, 1995. After still achieving low ratings, WLS-FM separated from WLS (AM) again on November 22, 1995. After stunting with Christmas music throughout November and December, the station switched to a country music format and became "94.7 Kicks Country", WKXK, at Noon on December 26. The first song aired on "Kicks Country" was " Gone Country " by Alan Jackson . However, Infinity Broadcasting (now Audacy ) station WUSN continued to do well as
1710-521: A major hit, reaching No. 3 on the US Hot 100, as well as No. 1 on Billboard ' s R&B chart for three weeks. It also garnered Summer another Grammy nomination, for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance . " Unconditional Love ", which featured the British group Musical Youth , and " Love Has a Mind of Its Own " did not crack the top 40. The album itself was certified Gold, and climbed to No. 9 on
1824-552: A more detailed treatment of this and the above frequency ranges, see Electromagnetic spectrum . Gravitational waves are also described in Hertz. Current observations are conducted in the 30–7000 Hz range by laser interferometers like LIGO , and the nanohertz (1–1000 nHz) range by pulsar timing arrays . Future space-based detectors are planned to fill in the gap, with LISA operating from 0.1–10 mHz (with some sensitivity from 10 μHz to 100 mHz), and DECIGO in
1938-467: A new kind of reality-based sitcom. It would be based on their own hectic household. At the time, they lived with their children Amanda, Brooklyn and Mimi, two sets of in-laws, and a maid. The television network started changing the premise of the show, making it less funny, says Sudano, "And because we were an interracial couple, they didn't want us to be married anymore". In 1989, this was "an issue. So with that mentality we just backed out of it." In 1990,
2052-554: A replacement call sign for WLS-FM, WDAI for WXYZ-FM, and WRIF for WABC-FM, the FCC instead assigned WRIF as WXYZ-FM's replacement, and renamed WLS-FM as WDAI; WABC-FM selected WPLJ as a replacement call sign. As part of this new FM initiative by ABC, all six FM stations dropped the "Love" progressive rock format and each adopted album-oriented rock formats. At age 19, Jim Kerr hosted mornings at WDAI and did additional work at WLS before finding future success at WPLJ and WAXQ . WDAI became
2166-609: A sampler of flavors and influences from all over the world. There's a touch of this, a little smidgeon of that, a dash of something else, like when you're cooking." On December 11, 2009, Donna Summer appeared at the Nobel Peace Prize Concert for Barack Obama . On July 29, 2010, Summer gave an interview with Allvoices.com wherein she was asked if she would consider doing an album of standards . She said, "I actually am, probably in September. I will begin work on
2280-457: A second album with SAW, insisting that she wanted to make an R&B record. The following year, Summer worked with producer Keith Diamond emerged with the album Mistaken Identity , which included elements of R&B as well as new jack swing . "When Love Cries" continued her success on the R&;B charts, reaching No. 18. However, the album was commercially unsuccessful, failing to enter
2394-529: A standards album. I will probably do an all-out dance album and a standards album. I'm going to do both and we will release them however we're going to release them. We are not sure which is going first." In August 2010, Summer released the single " To Paris With Love ", co-written with Bruce Roberts and produced by Peter Stengaard. The single went to No. 1 on the US Billboard Dance Chart in October 2010. That month, Summer also appeared on
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#17327934186072508-600: A top ten hit in several countries in Europe, prompting Warner Bros.' sister company, Atlantic Records , to sign Summer in the US. The single peaked at No. 7 on the US Hot 100 and became her 12th Gold single in America. She scored two more UK hits from the album, " I Don't Wanna Get Hurt " (UK No. 7) and " Love's About to Change My Heart " (UK No. 20). In 1989, Summer and her husband, Bruce Sudano , had been in talks to do
2622-458: A top-40 hit every year between 1976 and 1984, and from her first top-10 hit in 1976, to the end of 1982, she had 12 top-10 hits (10 were top-five hits), more than any other act during that period. She returned to the Hot 100's top five in 1983, and claimed her final top-10 hit in 1989 with " This Time I Know It's for Real ". She was the first artist to have three consecutive double albums reach the top of
2736-537: A version of the Dan Fogelberg song "Nether Lands" for a Fogelberg tribute project. According to a comment on Fogelberg's website, the song had great personal significance for Summer. On June 6, 2011, Summer was a guest judge on the show Platinum Hit , in an episode entitled "Dance Floor Royalty". In July of that same year, Summer was working at Paramount Recording Studios in Los Angeles with her nephew,
2850-627: A working partnership, and Donna was signed to their Oasis label in 1974. A demo tape of Summer's work with Moroder and Bellotte led to a deal with the European-distributed label Groovy Records. Due to an error on the record cover, Donna Sommer became Donna Summer; the name stuck. Summer's first album was Lady of the Night . It became a hit in the Netherlands, Sweden, Germany and Belgium on the strength of two songs, " The Hostage " and
2964-427: Is 1/time (T ). Expressed in base SI units, the unit is the reciprocal second (1/s). In English, "hertz" is also used as the plural form. As an SI unit, Hz can be prefixed ; commonly used multiples are kHz (kilohertz, 10 Hz ), MHz (megahertz, 10 Hz ), GHz (gigahertz, 10 Hz ) and THz (terahertz, 10 Hz ). One hertz (i.e. one per second) simply means "one periodic event occurs per second" (where
3078-494: Is also used to describe the clock speeds at which computers and other electronics are driven. The units are sometimes also used as a representation of the energy of a photon , via the Planck relation E = hν , where E is the photon's energy, ν is its frequency, and h is the Planck constant . The hertz is defined as one per second for periodic events. The International Committee for Weights and Measures defined
3192-452: Is usually measured in kilohertz (kHz), megahertz (MHz), or gigahertz (GHz). with the latter known as microwaves . Light is electromagnetic radiation that is even higher in frequency, and has frequencies in the range of tens of terahertz (THz, infrared ) to a few petahertz (PHz, ultraviolet ), with the visible spectrum being 400–790 THz. Electromagnetic radiation with frequencies in the low terahertz range (intermediate between those of
3306-691: The Billboard Dance Club Songs chart throughout her entire career. Summer died in 2012 from lung cancer, at her home in Naples, Florida . In her obituary in The Times , she was described as the "undisputed queen of the Seventies disco boom" who reached the status of "one of the world's leading female singers." Moroder described Summer's work on the song "I Feel Love" as "really the start of electronic dance " music. In 2013, Summer
3420-502: The 1984 MTV Music Video Awards ; Summer became one of the first African-American artists, and the first African-American female artist to have her video played in heavy rotation on MTV . Grant would also be hired to direct Summer's Costa Mesa HBO concert special, A Hot Summers Night . Grant, who was a fan of the song " State of Independence ", had an idea for a grand finale. He wanted a large chorus of children to join Summer on stage at
3534-515: The Billboard 200 chart; the highest chart position of any female artist in male-dominated 1983. The song " He's a Rebel " would win Summer her third Grammy Award, this time for Best Inspirational Performance . British director Brian Grant was hired to direct Summer's video for " She Works Hard for the Money ". The video was a success, being nominated for Best Female Video and Best Choreography at
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3648-528: The PBS television special Hitman Returns: David Foster and Friends . In it, Summer performed with Seal on a medley of the songs " Un-Break My Heart ", " Crazy ", and " On the Radio " before closing the show with "Last Dance". On September 15, 2010, Summer appeared as a guest celebrity, singing alongside contestant Prince Poppycock , on the television show America's Got Talent . Also in 2010, Summer recorded
3762-611: The Sherman Oaks area of Los Angeles to Nashville, Tennessee , in 1995, where she took time off from show business to focus on painting, a hobby she had developed in the 1980s. Summer died on May 17, 2012, aged 63, at her home in Naples, Florida , from lung cancer. Being a nonsmoker , Summer thought that the cancer had been caused by inhaling toxic fumes and dust from the September 11 attacks in New York City; she
3876-512: The Tribute to Edith Piaf album, singing "La Vie En Rose". In 1995, "Melody of Love (Wanna Be Loved)" went No. 1 on the US dance charts, and No. 21 in the UK. In 1996, Summer recorded a duet with Bruce Roberts , " Whenever There Is Love ", which appeared on the soundtrack to the film Daylight . In 1996, Summer also recorded " Does He Love You " with Liza Minnelli , which appeared on Minnelli's Gently . During this time, Summer had role on
3990-413: The " Disco Demolition Night " promotion in July 1979 that would later be cited as a harbinger for the genre's popular collapse in America during 1980. The station stayed with the disco craze until 7 a.m. on May 22, 1980, when, after stunting by playing Donna Summer 's " Last Dance " on a loop, 94.7 became WRCK-FM, "95 W-ROCK", a hybrid of Adult Top 40 and oldies , and featured Bob Sirott in mornings for
4104-508: The " title track " peaking at No. 3 on the Hot 100 chart. Its follow-up singles were, " Cold Love ", No. 33; and " Who Do You Think You're Foolin' ", No. 40. Summer was nominated for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance for "Cold Love", and Best Inspirational Performance for " I Believe in Jesus " at the 1981 Grammy Awards. She would soon be working on her next album. It was to be another double album set. When David Geffen stopped by
4218-449: The 0.1–10 Hz range. In computers, most central processing units (CPU) are labeled in terms of their clock rate expressed in megahertz ( MHz ) or gigahertz ( GHz ). This specification refers to the frequency of the CPU's master clock signal . This signal is nominally a square wave , which is an electrical voltage that switches between low and high logic levels at regular intervals. As
4332-468: The 1970s. In some usage, the "per second" was omitted, so that "megacycles" (Mc) was used as an abbreviation of "megacycles per second" (that is, megahertz (MHz)). Sound is a traveling longitudinal wave , which is an oscillation of pressure . Humans perceive the frequency of a sound as its pitch . Each musical note corresponds to a particular frequency. An infant's ear is able to perceive frequencies ranging from 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz ;
4446-488: The 1980s while on Geffen's roster with her next album She Works Hard for the Money and its title song —which were released by Mercury Records in a one-off arrangement to settle Summer's split with the soon-to-be-defunct Casablanca Records, whose catalogue now resided with Mercury and Casablanca's parent company PolyGram . Summer recorded and delivered the album She Works Hard for the Money and Polygram released it on its Mercury imprint in 1983. The title song became
4560-645: The Bell Tolls " by Metallica , while the first song on "True Oldies" was " Rock and Roll Music " by The Beatles . In 2006, the station added some local air personalities who were previously at WJMK when it was an oldies station. Eventually, the station was live and local (which included hosts such as John Landecker , Dick Biondi , and Greg Brown) except for overnights, when they would continue to run True Oldies Channel programming. In 2007, Walt Disney Company sold its ABC Radio radio division, including WLS (AM) and WZZN, to Citadel Broadcasting . From 2007 to 2008,
4674-639: The Healer ", both of which reached No. 1 on the US dance charts. In 2000, Summer participated in VH1's third annual Divas special, dedicated to Diana Ross ; she sang the Supremes hit Reflections, and her own material for the show. " The Power of One " is a theme song for the movie Pokémon: The Movie 2000 . The dramatic ballad was produced by David Foster and dance remixes were also issued to DJs and became another dance floor success for Summer, peaking at No. 2 on
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4788-552: The Hot 100 and became another Gold single. In 1979, Summer won three American Music Awards for Single, Album and Female Artist, in the Disco category at the awards held in January. Summer performed at the world-televised Music for UNICEF Concert , joining contemporaries such as ABBA ; Olivia Newton-John ; the Bee Gees ; Andy Gibb ; Rod Stewart ; John Denver ; Earth, Wind & Fire ; Rita Coolidge ; and Kris Kristofferson for
4902-467: The Hot 100 chart. and No. 1 in the UK. She received her first American Music Award nomination for Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist. The single would attain Gold status and the album went Platinum in the US. Another concept album, also released in 1977, was Once Upon a Time , a double album which told of a modern-day Cinderella "rags to riches" story. This album would attain Gold status. Summer recorded
5016-628: The Jaynetts ' 1963 hit, " Sally Go 'Round the Roses ", from a one-off European deal with Decca Records . In 1969, she issued the single "If You Walkin' Alone" on Philips Records . She married Austrian actor Helmuth Sommer in 1973, and gave birth to their daughter Natalia Pia Melanie "Mimi" Sommer, the same year. She provided backing vocals for producer-keyboardist Veit Marvos on his Ariola Records release Nice to See You , credited as "Gayn Pierre". Several subsequent singles included Donna performing with
5130-701: The Lights ", and No More Tears (Enough Is Enough) ". The week of June 16, 1979, Summer would again have the number-one single on the Hot 100 chart, and the number-one album on the Billboard 200 chart; when "Hot Stuff" regained the top spot on the Hot 100 chart. The following week, "Bad Girls" would be on top of the US Top R&;B albums chart . Summer received four nominations for the 7th Annual American Music Awards in 1980, and took home awards for Female Pop/Rock and Female Soul/R&B Artist; and well as Pop/Rock single for " Bad Girls ". In 1980, her single " On
5244-642: The Lights ", had peaked; she had penned "Dim All the Lights" alone, and was hoping for a number-one hit as a songwriter. Summer and the label parted ways in 1980, and she signed with Geffen Records , the new label started by David Geffen . Summer filed a $ 10 million lawsuit against Casablanca; the label counter-sued. In the end, she did not receive any money, but won the rights to her own lucrative song publishing. Summer's first Geffen album, The Wanderer , featured an eclectic mixture of sounds, bringing elements of rock , rockabilly , new wave , and gospel music . The album continued Summer's streak of Gold albums with
5358-421: The Money's" producer Michael Omartian to produce Cats Without Claws . Summer was happy that Geffen and his executives stayed out of the studio during the recording and thanked him in the album's liner notes, but her request for the lead single would be rejected. The album failed to attain Gold status in the US, her first album not to do so. It was first album not to yield a top-ten hit, since 1977's Once Upon
5472-400: The Radio ", reached No. 5, selling over a million copies in the US alone, making it a Gold single. " The Wanderer " reached #3 on the Hot 100. Summer would again receive a Grammy nomination for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance . Just over a week after the awards, Summer had her own nationally televised special, The Donna Summer Special , which aired on ABC network on January 27, 1980. After
5586-577: The US Billboard 200 chart and charted four number-one singles in the US within a 12-month period. She also charted two number-one singles on the R&;B Singles chart in the US and a number-one single in the United Kingdom. Her last Hot 100 hit came in 1999 with "I Will Go with You ( Con te partirò )". While her fortunes on the Hot 100 waned in subsequent decades, Summer remained a force on
5700-892: The US Billboard 200 and any chart outside the United States. It only entered at number 97 on the US Top R&;B Albums chart. In 1992, Summer embarked on a world tour and later that year received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . She reunited with Giorgio Moroder , for the song " Carry On ", which was included on the 1993, Polygram issued The Donna Summer Anthology , it contained 34 tracks of Summer's material with Casablanca and Mercury Records , and from her tenures with Atlantic and Geffen . Summer signed with Mercury/Polygram that same year, and in 1994 she re-teamed with producer Michael Omartian to record
5814-497: The US Top 200 Album Chart, her highest placing on the chart since 1983. The songs " I'm a Fire ", " Stamp Your Feet " and " Fame (The Game) " all reached No. 1 on the US Billboard Dance Chart. The ballad " Sand on My Feet " was released to adult contemporary stations and reached No. 30 on that chart. Summer said, "I wanted this album to have a lot of different directions on it. I did not want it to be any one baby. I just wanted it to be
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#17327934186075928-544: The US to date. The single "Dinner with Gershwin" (written by Brenda Russell ) stalled at 48 in the US, though it became a hit in the UK, peaking at No. 13. The album's title track, " All Systems Go ", was released only in the UK, where it peaked at No. 54. For Summer's next album, Geffen Records hired the British hit production team of Stock Aitken Waterman (or SAW ), who enjoyed incredible success writing and producing for such acts as Kylie Minogue , Bananarama , and Rick Astley , among others. The SAW team describe
6042-480: The United States in 1976, and more hits such as " Last Dance ", " MacArthur Park ", " Heaven Knows ", " Hot Stuff ", " Bad Girls ", " Dim All the Lights ", " No More Tears (Enough Is Enough) " with Barbra Streisand , and " On the Radio " followed. Summer amassed a total of 32 chart singles on the US Billboard Hot 100 in her lifetime, including 14 top-10 singles and four number-one singles. She claimed
6156-531: The WLS connection once more. MHz The hertz (symbol: Hz ) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), often described as being equivalent to one event (or cycle ) per second . The hertz is an SI derived unit whose formal expression in terms of SI base units is s , meaning that one hertz is one per second or the reciprocal of one second . It is used only in
6270-573: The album's 40th Anniversary. That same year, a documentary revolving around Summer and her career, Love to Love You, Donna Summer , directed by her daughter, Brooklyn Sudano and Roger Ross Williams had its world premiere at the 73rd Berlin International Film Festival in February 2023, and was released in May 2023, on HBO . In the mid-1980s, Summer was embroiled in a controversy when she allegedly made anti-gay remarks about
6384-476: The average adult human can hear sounds between 20 Hz and 16 000 Hz . The range of ultrasound , infrasound and other physical vibrations such as molecular and atomic vibrations extends from a few femtohertz into the terahertz range and beyond. Electromagnetic radiation is often described by its frequency—the number of oscillations of the perpendicular electric and magnetic fields per second—expressed in hertz. Radio frequency radiation
6498-487: The case of periodic events. It is named after Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (1857–1894), the first person to provide conclusive proof of the existence of electromagnetic waves . For high frequencies, the unit is commonly expressed in multiples : kilohertz (kHz), megahertz (MHz), gigahertz (GHz), terahertz (THz). Some of the unit's most common uses are in the description of periodic waveforms and musical tones , particularly those used in radio - and audio-related applications. It
6612-524: The classic rock format, resulting in mediocre ratings at WXCD. WXCD abruptly dropped classic rock on November 29, 2000, and flipped to an '80s' hits format, rebranded as "The Zone", and changed its call sign to WZZN. The flip promptly led existing '80s' hits station WXXY to drop the format and flip to Spanish hits in January 2001. By July 2001, the station evolved into a gold-based modern AC format. On September 14, 2001, WZZN changed formats again to alternative rock to compete with WKQX, which previously had
6726-473: The composition. Summer also had " With Your Love " and " Je t'aime... moi non plus ", on the soundtrack. Her version of the Jimmy Webb ballad, " MacArthur Park ", became her first No. 1 hit on the Hot 100 chart. It was also the only No. 1 hit for songwriter Jimmy Webb; the single went Gold and topped the charts for three weeks. She received a Grammy nomination for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance . The song
6840-546: The concert. After the rehearsal Grant was informed that he could not use the kids because the concert would end after 10 pm; children could not be licensed to be on stage at such a late hour (California had strict child labor laws in 1983). "It's a moment that I regret immensely: a grand finale concept I came up with that couldn't be filmed in the end". When the final sequence was filmed, Summer's daughter Mimi and her family members joined her on stage for "State of Independence". In late 1983, David Geffen enlisted "She Works Hard for
6954-550: The dance charts continued with the songs " You're So Beautiful " and " I Got Your Love ". In 2004, Summer re-recorded 'No More Tears (Enough Is Enough)' with the Irish pop band Westlife (with a live performance) for the compilation album, DiscoMania . In 2008, Summer released her first studio album of fully original material in 17 years, entitled Crayons . Released on the Sony BMG label Burgundy Records , it peaked at No. 17 on
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#17327934186077068-515: The day. ABC purchased the Prairie Farmer in November 1959, giving it sole ownership of WLS and WENR-FM. In 1964, WENR-FM became WLS-FM, with a beautiful music format broadcasting in stereo from noon to midnight, as well as Blackhawks home games. By 1968, WLS-FM expanded its hours on the air to 6 a.m. to Midnight, simulcasting WLS (AM)'s Clark Weber morning show from 6 to 8 a.m. and carrying Don McNeill's Breakfast Club from 8 to 9 a.m. In
7182-450: The early 1980s, with a small sampling of pre-1970/post-1989 and mid-late 1980s and early 1990s hits mixed in due to the playlist being limited. The start of 2018 brought Dave Fogel back to WLS-FM as Berk's morning co-host, with Miller briefly moving to a weather reporting only position, until being released. On November 17, 2017, WLS-FM became Chicago's only classic hits station when rival WJMK changed formats to classic hip-hop. Following
7296-490: The ending of the song. His team looked for local school children in Orange County, to create a chorus of 500 students. On the final day of rehearsals, the kids turned up and they had a full rehearsal. According to Grant, "It looked and sounded amazing. It was a very emotional, very tearful experience for everyone who was there." He thought if this was that kind of reaction in rehearsal, then what an impact it would have in
7410-440: The event being counted may be a complete cycle); 100 Hz means "one hundred periodic events occur per second", and so on. The unit may be applied to any periodic event—for example, a clock might be said to tick at 1 Hz , or a human heart might be said to beat at 1.2 Hz . The occurrence rate of aperiodic or stochastic events is expressed in reciprocal second or inverse second (1/s or s ) in general or, in
7524-667: The format to itself. By 2003, the station evolved into more of an active rock format, all the while using "94.7 The Zone" as its handle, and positioning itself on the air as "the hardest rock on the planet". However, the station continued to flounder in the ratings. By 2004 , the station began beating WKQX with the shift to active rock, but yet beaten again by WKQX during the spring and summer of 2005 , when WDRV moved from classic hits to classic rock and WLUP-FM from classic rock to mainstream rock . After long-time oldies station WJMK dropped its 1960s and 1970s oldies format in June 2005 for
7638-540: The group since it was only interested in the band's lead singer, the group agreed to dissolve. Summer stayed in New York and auditioned for a role in the counterculture musical, Hair . She landed the part of Sheila and agreed to take the role in the Munich production of the show, moving there in August 1968 after getting her parents' reluctant approval. It turned out to be the best decision she could have made. The show
7752-537: The group, and the name "Gayn Pierre" was used while performing in Godspell with Helmuth Sommer during 1972. Their marriage subsequently ended in divorce, and she married singer-guitarist Bruce Sudano in 1980. While working as a model part-time and backing singer in Munich, Summer met producer Giorgio Moroder and Pete Bellotte during a recording session for Three Dog Night at Musicland Studios . The trio forged
7866-414: The heritage country station, while WKXK was unable to even achieve mediocre ratings. On May 1, 1997, WKXK dropped the country format and flipped to classic rock , branded as "CD 94.7" (with new WXCD call letters being implemented on May 23). After some early ratings success, former heritage classic rocker and competitor WLUP-FM , which had earlier switched to a modern adult contemporary format, returned to
7980-449: The hertz has become the primary unit of measurement accepted by the general populace to determine the performance of a CPU, many experts have criticized this approach, which they claim is an easily manipulable benchmark . Some processors use multiple clock cycles to perform a single operation, while others can perform multiple operations in a single cycle. For personal computers, CPU clock speeds have ranged from approximately 1 MHz in
8094-413: The highest normally usable radio frequencies and long-wave infrared light) is often called terahertz radiation . Even higher frequencies exist, such as that of X-rays and gamma rays , which can be measured in exahertz (EHz). For historical reasons, the frequencies of light and higher frequency electromagnetic radiation are more commonly specified in terms of their wavelengths or photon energies : for
8208-533: The initial release, refused to play it. Despite this, "Love to Love You Baby" found chart success in several European countries, and made the Top 5 in the United Kingdom despite the BBC ban. Casablanca Records wasted no time releasing the follow-up album A Love Trilogy , featuring " Try Me, I Know We Can Make It ". In 1977, Summer released the concept album I Remember Yesterday . The song " I Feel Love ", reached No. 6 on
8322-459: The late 1970s ( Atari , Commodore , Apple computers ) to up to 6 GHz in IBM Power microprocessors . Various computer buses , such as the front-side bus connecting the CPU and northbridge , also operate at various frequencies in the megahertz range. Higher frequencies than the International System of Units provides prefixes for are believed to occur naturally in the frequencies of
8436-509: The lawsuit was settled out of court although neither side wanted to divulge any details. Summer was raised in the African Methodist Episcopal Church . Summer married Brooklyn Dreams singer Bruce Sudano on July 16, 1980. They had two daughters together, Brooklyn Sudano and Amanda Sudano . Summer was also one of the founding members of Oasis Church in Los Angeles. Summer and her family moved from
8550-491: The mid-1980s, while airing its own programming during the day. WLS-FM was thereafter programmed separately during the day and simulcast WLS (AM) at night. On January 20, 1986, WLS-FM ended simulcasting the AM and became known as WYTZ, "Z-95". Initially, the station retained its mainstream Top 40/CHR format, but for only a short period of time in mid-1989, the station slowly went towards a rock-lean, though it returned back to mainstream
8664-528: The musicals Ich bin ich (the German version of The Me Nobody Knows ), Godspell , and Show Boat . Within three years, she moved to Vienna , Austria , and joined the Vienna Volksoper . In 1968, Summer released (as Donna Gaines) on Polydor her first single, a German version of the title " Aquarius " from the musical Haare ( Hair ), followed in 1971 by a second single, a remake of
8778-472: The oldies format was modified to include a small amount of 1980s hits and a focus on oldies from 1964 to 1979. The station continued to play a couple pre-1964 oldies per hour. On June 19, 2008 , Citadel announced that WZZN would become once again WLS-FM. The WZZN call sign was dropped at Midnight on June 25, 2008, and as of 12:01 am on June 26, 2008, the station has officially been known as WLS-FM. The idea
8892-512: The original Chicago radio home of Steve Dahl in January 1978, and used the slogan "Chicago's Best Rock" with the Morning Sickness with Steve Dahl . WDAI switched to all- disco as "Disco DAI" at the stroke of midnight on New Year's Day, 1979, marking the switch by going from Don McLean 's "American Pie" to "Staying Alive" by the Bee Gees . Steve Dahl would wind up the morning host at former crosstown rival WLUP , and would anchor
9006-448: The people I write with are gay and they have been ever since I met them. What people want to do with their bodies is their personal preference". A few years later, she filed a lawsuit against New York magazine when it printed an old story about the rumors as fact, just as she was about to release her album Mistaken Identity in 1991. According to a Biography television program dedicated to Summer in which she participated in 1995,
9120-424: The producers, it was decided that they would do Donna in concert by herself. Summer taped a live television special for VH1 titled Donna Summer – Live & More Encore , producing the second-highest ratings for the network that year, after their annual Divas special. A CD of the event was released by Epic Records and featured two studio recordings, "I Will Go with You ( Con te partirò )" and " Love Is
9234-781: The quantum-mechanical vibrations of massive particles, although these are not directly observable and must be inferred through other phenomena. By convention, these are typically not expressed in hertz, but in terms of the equivalent energy, which is proportional to the frequency by the factor of the Planck constant . The CJK Compatibility block in Unicode contains characters for common SI units for frequency. These are intended for compatibility with East Asian character encodings, and not for use in new documents (which would be expected to use Latin letters, e.g. "MHz"). Donna Summer Donna Adrian Gaines (December 31, 1948 – May 17, 2012), known professionally as Donna Summer ,
9348-468: The rapper and producer O'Mega Red. Together they worked on a track titled "Angel". On December 11, 2012, after four prior nominations, Summer was posthumously announced to be one of the 2013 inductees to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame , and was inducted on April 18, 2013, at Los Angeles' Nokia Theater . A remix album titled Love to Love You Donna , containing new remixes of some of Summer's classics,
9462-577: The relatively new disease AIDS . Summer publicly denied ever making such comments and in a letter to the AIDS campaign group ACT UP in 1989 said it was "a terrible misunderstanding". In explaining why she had not responded to ACT UP sooner, Summer stated, "I was unknowingly protected by those around me from the bad press and hate letters. If I have caused you pain, forgive me." She closed her letter with Bible quotes (from Chapter 13 of 1 Corinthians ). In 1989, Summer told The Advocate magazine, "A couple of
9576-448: The release of the On the Radio album, Summer wanted to branch out into other musical styles, which led to tensions between her and Casablanca Records . Casablanca wanted her to continue to record disco only. Summer was upset with President Neil Bogart over the early release of the single " No More Tears (Enough Is Enough) ", because Casablanca didn't wait until her previous single, " Dim All
9690-511: The rules for capitalisation of a common noun ; i.e., hertz becomes capitalised at the beginning of a sentence and in titles but is otherwise in lower case. The hertz is named after the German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894), who made important scientific contributions to the study of electromagnetism . The name was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in 1935. It
9804-471: The same chart in 2000. In 2003, Summer issued her autobiography, Ordinary Girl: The Journey, and released a best-of set titled The Journey: The Very Best of Donna Summer . In 2004, Summer was inducted into the Dance Music Hall of Fame as an artist, alongside the Bee Gees and Barry Gibb . Her classic song, " I Feel Love ", was inducted that night as well. In 2004 and 2005, Summer's success on
9918-412: The scripted absurdity and chaos in the show. In 1975, Summer passed on an idea for a song to Moroder who was working with another artist; a song that would be called "Love To Love You Baby" . Summer, Moroder and Bellotte wrote the song together, and together they worked on a demo version with Summer singing the song. Moroder decided that Summer's version should be released. Seeking an American release for
10032-409: The second as "the duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium -133 atom" and then adds: "It follows that the hyperfine splitting in the ground state of the caesium 133 atom is exactly 9 192 631 770 hertz , ν hfs Cs = 9 192 631 770 Hz ." The dimension of the unit hertz
10146-473: The shift to classic hits, the station would gradually downplay the connection to WLS-AM, including the phaseout of their signature 5-note sound jingle in promotions in favor of simply saying the name without musical accompaniment at some undetermined point around 2015; however, the station would bring back said sound jingle on March 11, 2024, introducing an updated version as part of a new station soundbed produced by audio technician service TM Studios, reemphasizing
10260-563: The single in November 1975. The shorter 7" version of the single was promoted by radio stations, while clubs regularly played the 17-minute version (the longer version would also appear on the album). By early 1976, "Love to Love You Baby" had reached No. 2 on the US Hot 100 chart and had become a Gold single, while the album had sold over a million copies. The song generated controversy due to Summer's moans and groans, which emulated lovemaking, and some American stations, like those in Europe with
10374-478: The sitcom Family Matters as Steve Urkel's ( Jaleel White ) Aunt Oona. She made two appearances, season 5's "Aunt Oona" and season 8's "Pound Foolish". In 1998, Summer received the first Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording , after a remixed version of her 1992 collaboration with Giorgio Moroder , "Carry On", was released in 1997. In 1999, Summer was asked to do the Divas 2 concert, but when she went in and met with
10488-456: The song " Down Deep Inside " as the theme song for the 1977 film The Deep . In 1978, Summer acted in the film Thank God It's Friday , the film met with modest success; the song " Last Dance ", reached No. 3 on the Hot 100. The soundtrack and single both went Gold and resulted in Summer winning her first Grammy Award , for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance . Its writer, Paul Jabara , won both an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for
10602-447: The song, it was sent to Casablanca Records president Neil Bogart . Bogart played the song at one of his extravagant industry parties, where it was so popular with the crowd, they insisted that it be played over and over, each time it ended. Bogart requested that Moroder produce a longer version for discothèques. Moroder, Bellotte, and Summer returned with a 17-minute version. Bogart tweaked the title and Casablanca signed Summer, releasing
10716-543: The soundtrack for the film Fast Times at Ridgemont High . "Romeo" appears on the Flashdance soundtrack. Both, "I'm a Rainbow" and " Don't Cry for Me Argentina " would be on her 1993 anthology album. David Geffen hired top R&B and pop producer Quincy Jones to produce Summer's next album, the eponymously titled Donna Summer . During the recording of the project, Neil Bogart died of cancer in May 1982 at age 39. Summer would sing at his funeral. The album included
10830-457: The soundtracks to Top Gun and Fletch , was after a tough FM-oriented sound. On completion, Geffen liked what he heard, but his executives did not think there were enough songs that could be deemed singles. They wanted Faltermeyer to produce " Dinner with Gershwin ", but he was already busy with another project, so another producer was found. They also substituted a previous recording called " Bad Reputation ", songs like " Fascination ", fell by
10944-413: The specific case of radioactivity , in becquerels . Whereas 1 Hz (one per second) specifically refers to one cycle (or periodic event) per second, 1 Bq (also one per second) specifically refers to one radionuclide event per second on average. Even though frequency, angular velocity , angular frequency and radioactivity all have the dimension T , of these only frequency is expressed using
11058-605: The station switched formats to talk , again simulcasting WLS (AM) much of the time. On June 13, 1994, WLS-FM split off from simulcasting and launched its own "Young Talk" format featuring former popular WKQX (Q101) morning host Robert Murphy ("Murphy in the Morning"), Rich Roeper, Rush Limbaugh (in simulcast with the AM), Jay Marvin , Lise Dominique, Turi Ryder and Johnny Vonn, as a way to compete against WLUP-FM's hot talk format. This failed to turn around ratings, and WLS-FM went back to
11172-456: The studio for a preview, he was warned that it was a work in progress, but it was almost done. That was a mistake, because only a few tracks had been finished, and most of them were in demo phase. He heard enough to tell producers that it was not good enough; the project was canceled. It would be released years later in 1996, under the title I'm a Rainbow . Over the years, a few of the tracks would be released. The song "Highway Runner" appears on
11286-444: The summer of 1968, WLS-FM experimented with a locally produced underground progressive rock show. Dubbed "Spoke", and using the tag-line "The Flash That Holds The Wheel Of Life Together", the program aired from 10 p.m. to midnight and featured unnamed announcers using stage-whisper delivery laden with plate reverb, obtuse biker-style free verse intros delivered over backgrounds of electronic music, mid-eastern music and sound effects. It
11400-546: The title track "Lady of the Night". "The Hostage" reached the top of the charts in France, but was removed from radio playlists in Germany because of the song's subject matter: a high ranking politician that had recently been kidnapped and held for ransom. One of her first TV appearances was in the television show, Van Oekel's Discohoek , which started the breakthrough of "The Hostage", and in which she gracefully went along with
11514-840: The top-ten hit " Love Is in Control (Finger on the Trigger) "; for which she received a Grammy nomination for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance . Summer was also nominated for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance for " Protection ", penned for her by Bruce Springsteen . Other singles included a cover of the Jon and Vangelis song " State of Independence " ( No. 41 pop) and " The Woman in Me " (No. 33 pop). By then Geffen Records had been notified by Polygram Records , which now owned Casablanca, that Summer still needed to deliver to them one more album to fulfill her contract. Summer had her biggest success in
11628-480: The unit hertz. Thus a disc rotating at 60 revolutions per minute (rpm) is said to have an angular velocity of 2 π rad/s and a frequency of rotation of 1 Hz . The correspondence between a frequency f with the unit hertz and an angular velocity ω with the unit radians per second is The hertz is named after Heinrich Hertz . As with every SI unit named for a person, its symbol starts with an upper case letter (Hz), but when written in full, it follows
11742-667: The wayside. Geffen had shared the vision of moving Summer into the R&B market as a veteran artist, but these expectations were not met. Faltermeyer, in a 2012 interview with Daeida Magazine , said, "She was an older artist by then and the label's priority may have been on the youth market. The decision was made afterward by executives who were looking for a radio hit for 1987 and not something that would perhaps last beyond then." The label's President Ed Rosenblatt would later admit: "The company never intended to focus on established superstars". The album All Systems Go , did not achieve Gold status and became her lowest charting studio album in
11856-412: The working experience as a labour of love, and said it was their favourite album of all that they had recorded. Geffen decided not to release the album Another Place and Time , and Summer and Geffen Records parted ways in 1988. The album was released in Europe in March 1989 on Warner Bros. Records , which had been Summer's label in Europe since 1982. The single " This Time I Know It's for Real " became
11970-415: Was a schoolteacher. Summer's performance debut occurred at church when she was ten years old, replacing a vocalist who failed to appear. She attended Boston's Jeremiah E. Burke High School where she performed in school musicals and was considered popular. In 1967, just weeks before graduation, Summer left for New York City, where she joined the blues rock band Crow. After a record label passed on signing
12084-490: Was adopted by the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) ( Conférence générale des poids et mesures ) in 1960, replacing the previous name for the unit, "cycles per second" (cps), along with its related multiples, primarily "kilocycles per second" (kc/s) and "megacycles per second" (Mc/s), and occasionally "kilomegacycles per second" (kMc/s). The term "cycles per second" was largely replaced by "hertz" by
12198-736: Was an American singer and songwriter. She gained prominence during the disco era of the 1970s and became known as the " Queen of Disco ", while her music gained a global following. Influenced by the counterculture of the 1960s , Summer became the lead singer of a psychedelic rock band named Crow and moved to New York City. In 1968, she joined a German adaptation of the musical Hair in Munich, where she spent several years living, acting, and singing. There, she met music producers Giorgio Moroder and Pete Bellotte , and they went on to record influential disco hits together such as " Love to Love You Baby " and " I Feel Love ", marking Summer's breakthrough into international music markets. Summer returned to
12312-550: Was featured on Summer's first live album, Live and More , which also became her first album to hit number one on the US Billboard 200 chart and went double-Platinum, selling over 2 million copies. The week of November 11, 1978, Summer became the first female artist of the modern rock era to have the No. 1 single on the Hot 100 and album on the Billboard 200 charts, simultaneously. The song " Heaven Knows ", which featured Brooklyn Dreams singer Joe "Bean" Esposito ; reached No. 4 on
12426-457: Was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame . In December 2016, Billboard ranked her sixth on its list of the "Greatest of All Time Top Dance Club Artists". Donna Adrian Gaines, the third of seven children, was born in Boston on December 31, 1948, to Andrew and Mary Gaines. She was raised in the Boston neighborhood of Mission Hill . Her father was a butcher, and her mother
12540-426: Was released in October 2013. " MacArthur Park " was remixed by Laidback Luke for the remix collection; it was also remixed by Ralphi Rosario , which version was released to dance clubs all over America and successfully peaked at No. 1, giving Summer her first posthumous number-one single, and her sixteenth number-one on the charts. In 2021, Summer's estate released a reedited version of her ninth studio album I'm
12654-485: Was released to make room for Brant Miller's return to the station (Fogel was hired at WJMK just two days after being let go from WLS). Fred Winston was also hired as a full-time DJ in afternoons. In 2013, Robert Murphy was hired as an afternoon jock; Winston was let go. On November 3, 2014, Jack Diamond, formerly of sister station WRQX in Washington, D.C., became WLS-FM's new morning show host, with Miller shifting to
12768-918: Was replaced in 1969 with a syndicated program from the ABC Radio Network entitled "Love", voice-tracked by "Brother John" Rydgren, and which aired from 7 p.m. to 1 am. Shortly afterward, WLS-FM adopted a full-time progressive rock format. In 1970, ABC decided to change the call signs on all of their FM radio stations to distinguish them from their co-owned AM (and excluding two markets, TV) counterparts; this not only included WLS-FM, but WABC-FM in New York City, WXYZ-FM in Detroit, KXYZ-FM in Houston , KGO-FM in San Francisco, and KQV-FM in Pittsburgh . While ABC had originally selected WXAI as
12882-405: Was so successful, that it didn't just rocket-start her career but also many of her castmates'. The cast included: Helga Charlotte Tolle , Reiner Schöne , Ron Williams, Gudrun 'Su' Kramer, Elke Koska, Jürgen Markus , Jutta Weinhold , Peter Kent, who all starred alongside Summer in the musical Hair . She eventually became fluent in German, singing various songs in that language, and participated in
12996-606: Was to bring back the heritage of WLS and its old Top 40 format and jingles. The station was then branded as "94.7 WLS-FM" with the slogan "Chicago's Greatest Hits Of All Time". The first song on the current incarnation of WLS-FM was a special radio edit of " Life Is a Rock (But the Radio Rolled Me) " by Reunion , one played as a Top 40 hit on the original WLS which would explicitly mention the station in their lyrics. Citadel merged with Cumulus Media on September 16, 2011. On October 1, 2012, WLS-FM modified its oldies format to
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