Misplaced Pages

#344655

100-552: The station was assigned call letters WTFX on June 28, 1991. On April 19, 2002, the station changed its call sign to WTFX-FM, on August 19, 2005, to WLUE, and an application was filed as of September 3, 2009, to change the call sign to WLGX. On February 4, 2020, the call sign was changed to WSDF. This station initially signed on with a classic rock format on June 7, 1993, which shifted more towards mainstream rock and then active rock by 2002, as 100.5 The Fox . On August 10, 2005, at Noon, "The Fox" moved to 93.1 and 100.5 began stunting with

200-515: A West Coast 25,000-square-foot (2,300 m ) production facility, NPR West , which opened in Culver City , Los Angeles County, California , in November 2002. With room for up to 90 employees, it was established to expand its production capabilities, improve its coverage of the western United States , and create a backup production facility capable of keeping NPR on the air in the event of

300-501: A primary entry point for the Emergency Alert System . Its content is also available on-demand online, on mobile networks, and in many cases, as podcasts . Several NPR stations also carry programs from British public broadcaster BBC World Service . The organization's legal name is National Public Radio and its trademarked brand is NPR ; it is known by both names. In June 2010, the organization announced that it

400-403: A religious broadcasting philosophy or be used for classroom distance learning programming. Each member station receives one vote at the annual NPR board meetings—exercised by its designated Authorized Station Representative ("A-Rep"). To oversee the day-to-day operations and prepare its budget, members elect a board of directors. The board was previously composed of ten A-Reps, five members of

500-456: A voluntary buyout plan to reduce staff by 10 percent and return NPR to a balanced budget by the 2015 fiscal year . In December 2018, The Washington Post reported that between 20 and 22 percent of NPR staff was classified as temps , while this compares to about five percent of a typical for-profit television station. Some of the temporary staff members told the newspaper the systems were "exploitative", but NPR's president of operations said

600-590: A 1997 obituary for Richard Berry, termed it "a cornerstone of rock". Music historian Peter Blecha noted, "Far from shuffling off to a quiet retirement, evidence indicates that 'Louie Louie' may actually prove to be immortal." Although the song "surely resists learned exegesis ", other writers described it as "musically simple, lyrically simple, and joyously infectious", "deliciously moronic", "a completely unforgettable earworm ", "the essence of rock's primal energy", and "the immortal international hit ... that defines rock 'n' roll." Others noted that it "served as

700-445: A ban was requested by Governor Matthew Welsh . These actions were taken despite the fact that practically no one could distinguish the actual lyrics. Denials of chicanery by Kingsmen and Ely did not stop the controversy. The FBI started a 31-month investigation into the matter and concluded they were "unable to interpret any of the wording in the record." However, drummer Lynn Easton later admitted that he yelled "Fuck" after fumbling

800-523: A better "live feel" for the recording. The result, Ely would say over the years, was that he had to stand on his toes, lean his head back and shout as loudly as he could just to be heard over the drums and guitars. National Public Radio National Public Radio ( NPR , stylized as npr ) is an American public broadcasting organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. , with its NPR West headquarters in Culver City, California . It serves as

900-476: A bridge to the R&;B of the past and the rap scene of the future", that "it came to symbolize the garage rock genre, where the typical performance was often aggressive and usually amateurish", and that "all you need to make a great rock 'n' roll record are the chords to 'Louie Louie' and a bad attitude." Music historian and filmmaker Eric Predoehl of The Louie Report described the song as, Purity. It's just

1000-529: A catastrophe in Washington, D.C. In November 2003, NPR received $ 235 million from the estate of the late Joan B. Kroc , the widow of Ray Kroc , founder of McDonald's Corporation . This was the largest monetary gift ever to a cultural institution. In 2004, the Kroc gift increased NPR's budget by over 50% to $ 153 million. Of the money, $ 34 million was deposited in its endowment . The endowment fund before

1100-494: A cigarette with one hand while banging a tambourine in the other, an insolent distance to his delivery, a vision of being at once boss and bored." Marsh ranked the song as No. 11 out of the 1001 greatest singles ever made, describing it as "the most profound and sublime expression of rock and roll's ability to create something from nothing". The Independent in Britain noted that it reinforced "a growing suspicion that enthusiasm

SECTION 10

#1732779673345

1200-480: A drum fill at 0:54 on the record. By the time the Kingsmen version had achieved national popularity, the band had split. Two rival editions—one featuring lead singer Jack Ely, the other with Lynn Easton who held the rights to the band's name—were competing for live audiences across the country. A settlement was reached later in 1964 giving Easton the right to the Kingsmen name but requiring all future pressings of

1300-518: A high school student in Tacoma, Washington . Among the songs he began performing as an occasional guest singer with a local band, the Bluenotes, in 1958 were "Louie Louie", which he had "rescued from oblivion" after hearing Berry's obscure original single, and Bobby Day 's " Rockin' Robin ", which gave him his stage name. In 1959, Roberts left the Bluenotes and began singing with another local band,

1400-406: A lifelong enemy, so crudely that, at that instant, Ely sounds like Donald Duck on helium. And it's that faintly ridiculous air that makes the Kingsmen's record the classic that it is .... Thurston Moore of Sonic Youth , whose "passion for music was ignited by the Kingsmen's 'Louie Louie'", termed it a "totem of magic", and recalled that "the lead singer's [Ely] voice had the air of a boy smoking

1500-411: A loop of the songs " Louie Louie " by The Kingsmen and " Brother Louie " by Stories . At 2 p.m., 100.5 flipped to variety hits as 100.5 Louie FM . The first song on Louie was " Piano Man " by Billy Joel . On September 3, 2009, at 5 p.m., in response to slipping market share, the station shifted towards a 1990s pop/rock-centered offering called "100.5 Gen-X Radio". According to a press release which

1600-406: A memo that NPR needed to reduce spending by $ 10 million during the current fiscal year due to a drop in revenue from sponsors. The amount is approximately three percent of the organization's annual budget. In February 2023, Lansing announced in a memo that the network would be laying off approximately 10 percent of the workforce due to reduced advertising revenue. He said the annual operating budget

1700-968: A national syndicator to a network of more than 1,000 public radio stations in the United States. It differs from other non-profit membership media organizations, such as the Associated Press , in that it was established by an act of Congress. Funding for NPR comes from dues and fees paid by member stations, underwriting from corporate sponsors, and annual grants from the publicly funded Corporation for Public Broadcasting . Most of its member stations are owned by non-profit organizations , including public school districts , colleges , and universities . NPR operates independently of any government or corporation, and has full control of its content. NPR produces and distributes both news and cultural programming. The organization's flagship shows are two drive-time news broadcasts: Morning Edition and

1800-507: A product or "promote the goods and services" of for-profit entities. These restrictions apply only to radio broadcasts and not NPR's other digital platforms. When questioned on the subject of how corporate underwriting revenues and foundation grants were holding up during the recession, in a speech broadcast on C-SPAN before the National Press Club on March 2, 2009, then president and CEO Vivian Schiller stated: "underwriting

1900-403: A ten-note "1-2-3 1–2 1-2-3 1–2" tumbao or rhythmic pattern. The "unforgettable hook" of "Louie Louie" was lifted directly from Touzet's composition. In Berry's mind, the words to "Louie Louie" "just kind of fell out of the sky", superimposing themselves over the repeating bassline as he scribbled backstage on a strip of toilet paper. Lyrically, the first person perspective of the song

2000-544: A touching humility and humanity" and is now so well known that multiple versions by other groups duplicate it. First released in May 1963, the single was initially issued by the small Jerden label, before being picked up by the larger Wand Records in October 1963. Wand president Florence Greenberg said, "... it was forced down my throat by friends. I was ashamed to put it out." Herb Alpert and A&M Records passed on

2100-446: A very pure, honest rock 'n' roll song. It's a song of romantic ideals hidden amongst a three-chord melody. It's an idealistic song. It's a misunderstood song. It's a confusing and disorienting song. It's like a heartbeat. Humorist Dave Barry (perhaps with some exaggeration) called it "one of the greatest songs in the history of the world". American Songwriter summarized, "It might be the best-known rock song of all time. It might be

SECTION 20

#1732779673345

2200-427: A wide range of artists from reggae to hard rock, from jazz to psychedelic, from hip hop to easy listening. Peter Doggett labeled it "almost impossible to play badly" and Greil Marcus asked, "Has there ever been a bad version of 'Louie Louie'?" Paul Revere summarized, "Three chords and the most mundane beat possible. Any idiot could learn it, and they all did." The Kingsmen version in particular has been cited as

2300-457: Is a rhythm and blues song written and composed by American musician Richard Berry in 1955, recorded in 1956, and released in 1957. It is best known for the 1963 hit version by the Kingsmen and has become a standard in pop and rock . The song is based on the tune "El Loco Cha Cha" popularized by bandleader René Touzet and is an example of Afro-Cuban influence on American popular music. "Louie Louie" tells, in simple verse–chorus form ,

2400-738: Is almost exactly average in terms of the sex of listeners (49% male, 51% female). NPR listeners have higher incomes than average (the 2012 Pew study showed that 43% earn over $ 75,000, 27% earn between $ 30,000 and $ 75,000). A 2012 Pew Research Center survey found that the NPR audience leans Democratic (17% Republican , 37% independent , 43% Democratic) and politically moderate (21% conservative, 39% moderate, 36% liberal). A late 2019 survey, also by Pew, found that NPR's audience overwhelmingly leaned Democratic. 87% of those surveyed identified as Democrats, or leaning Democratic, and 12% were Republicans. A Harris telephone survey conducted in 2005 found that NPR

2500-478: Is approximately $ 300 million, and the gap will likely be between $ 30 and $ 32 million. In January 2024, NPR's board named former Wikimedia Foundation CEO Katherine Maher its new CEO, effective late March. NPR is a membership organization. Member stations are required to be non-commercial or non-commercial educational radio stations; have at least five full-time professional employees; operate for at least 18 hours per day; and not be designed solely to further

2600-441: Is down from its 2017 high of 37.7 million, but still well above its total of 20.9 million in 2008. According to 2015 figures, 87% of the NPR terrestrial public radio audience and 67% of the NPR podcast audience is white. According to the 2012 Pew Research Center 2012 News Consumption Survey, NPR listeners tend to be highly educated, with 54% of regular listeners being college graduates and 21% having some college. NPR's audience

2700-541: Is down, it's down for everybody; this is the area that is most down for us, in sponsorship, underwriting, advertising, call it whatever you want; just like it is for all of media." Hosts of the NPR program Planet Money stated the audience is indeed a product being sold to advertisers in the same way as commercial stations, saying: "they are not advertisers exactly but, they have a lot of the same characteristics; let's just say that." According to NPR's 2022 data, 30.7 million listeners tuned into its programs each week. This

2800-486: Is measured by Nielsen in both Diary and PPM (people meter) markets. NPR stations are frequently not included in "summary level" diary data used by most advertising agencies for media planning. Data on NPR listening can be accessed using "respondent level" diary data. Additionally, all radio stations (public and commercial) are treated equally within the PPM data sets making NPR station listenership data much more widely available to

2900-534: The Cash Box and Music Vendor/Record World pop charts, as well as No. 1 on the Cash Box R&;B chart. In Canada it was No. 1 for three weeks beginning December 30, 1963. It was the last No. 1 on Cash Box before Beatlemania hit the United States with " I Want to Hold Your Hand ". The Kingsmen version quickly became a standard at teen parties in the U.S. during the 1960s and, reaching No. 26 on

3000-562: The Association of Public Radio Stations . Morning Edition premiered on November 5, 1979, first hosted by Bob Edwards . NPR suffered an almost fatal setback in 1983 when efforts to expand services created a deficit of nearly $ 7 million (equivalent to $ 19 million in 2022 dollars). After a Congressional investigation and the resignation of NPR's then-president Frank Mankiewicz , the Corporation for Public Broadcasting agreed to lend

3100-796: The Grammy Hall of Fame , National Public Radio , VH1 , Rolling Stone Magazine, the National Endowment for the Arts , and the Recording Industry Association of America . Other major examples of the song's legacy include the celebration of International Louie Louie Day every year on April 11; the annual Louie Louie Parade in Philadelphia from 1985 to 1989; the LouieFest in Tacoma from 2003 to 2012;

WSDF - Misplaced Pages Continue

3200-629: The Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 . This act was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson , and established the Corporation for Public Broadcasting , which also created the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) for television in addition to NPR. A CPB organizing committee under John Witherspoon first created a board of directors chaired by Bernard Mayes . The board then hired Donald Quayle to be

3300-646: The TED Radio Hour routinely made the iTunes Top Podcasts list. Ken Stern became chief executive in September 2006, reportedly as the "hand-picked successor" of CEO Kevin Klose, who gave up the job but remained as NPR's president; Stern had worked with Klose at Radio Free Europe . On December 10, 2008, NPR announced that it would reduce its workforce by 7% and cancel the news programs Day to Day and News & Notes . The organization indicated this

3400-523: The UK Singles Chart , was the preferred tune for a popular British dance called " The Shake ". The first album, The Kingsmen In Person , peaked at No. 20 in 1964 and remained on the charts for over two years (131 weeks total) until 1966. Due to the lyrics controversy and supported by the band's heavy touring schedule, the single continued to sell throughout 1965 and, after being reissued in 1966 as "Louie Louie 64-65-66", briefly reappeared on

3500-597: The " rosetta stone " of garage rock, the defining " ur-text " of punk rock, and "the original grunge classic". "The influential rock critics Dave Marsh and Greil Marcus believe that virtually all punk rock can be traced back to a single proto-punk song, 'Louie Louie'." Pronunciation has varied widely from Berry's original "Lou-ee Lou-ee" to "Lou-ee Lou-eye" (Kingsmen, 1963), "Lou-ee Lou-eye-ay" (Angels, 1964), "Lou-eye Lou-way" (Sonics, 1966; Iggy Pop, 1972), "Lou-ee-a Lou-way" (Kinks, 1964; Motörhead, 1978), "Lou-way Lou-way" (Clarke/Duke Project, 1981), and others. Richard Berry

3600-509: The 1970s and early 1980s, the majority of NPR funding came from the federal government. Steps were taken during the Reagan administration in the 1980s to completely wean NPR from government support, but the 1983 funding crisis forced the network to make immediate changes. According to CPB , in 2009 11.3% of the aggregate revenues of all public radio broadcasting stations were funded from federal sources, principally through CPB; in 2012 10.9% of

3700-763: The 1–2–3–4, 1–2, 1–2–3–4 beat on the Wailers record. The night before their recording session, the band played a 90-minute version of the song during a gig at a local teen club. The Kingsmen's studio version was recorded in one partial and one full take. They also recorded " Jamaica Farewell " and what became the B-side of the release, an original "surf instrumental" by Ely and keyboardist Don Gallucci called "Haunted Castle". The Kingsmen's version with its "ragged", "sloppy", "chaotic", "shambolic, lumbering style", complete with "manic lead guitar solo, insane cymbal crashes, generally slurred and unintelligible lyrics", transformed

3800-617: The Castle , and multiple later compilations. Roberts was killed in an automobile accident in 1967, but his "legacy would reverberate down through the ages". Dave Marsh dedicated his 1993 book, "For Richard Berry, who gave birth to this unruly child, and Rockin' Robin Roberts, who first raised it to glory." On 6 April 1963, the Kingsmen , a rock and roll group from Portland, Oregon , chose "Louie Louie" for their second recording, their first having been "Peter Gunn Rock". The Kingsmen recorded

3900-570: The Kingsmen single, backed by national promotion from Wand, acquired momentum and by the end of 1963, Columbia Records had stopped promoting the Raiders version. It entered the top ten on the Billboard Hot 100 chart for December 7, and peaked at No. 2 the following week, a spot which it held for six non-consecutive weeks; it would remain in the top 10 throughout December 1963 and January 1964 before dropping off in early February. In total,

4000-519: The Kingsmen's version spent 16 weeks on the Hot 100, selling a million copies by April 1964. " Dominique " and " There! I've Said It Again " by the Singing Nun and Bobby Vinton , respectively, prevented the single from reaching No. 1 (although Marsh asserts that it "far outsold" the other records, but was denied Billboard's top spot due to lack of "proper decorum".) "Louie Louie" did reach No. 1 on

4100-539: The Kingsmen)" or "re-recordings by the original artists". Subsequent Kingsmen "Louie Louie" versions with either Lynn Easton or Dick Peterson as lead vocalist appeared on Live & Unreleased (recorded 1963, released 1992), Live at the Castle (recorded 1964, released 2011), Shindig! Presents Frat Party (VHS, recorded 1965, released 1991), 60s Dance Party (1982), California Cooler Presents Cooler Hits (recorded 1986, released 1987), The Louie Louie Collection (as

WSDF - Misplaced Pages Continue

4200-577: The Mystery Band, 1994), Red, White & Rock (2002), Garage Sale (recorded 2002, released 2003), and My Music: '60s Pop, Rock & Soul (DVD, 2011). A solo version by Peterson was also included on the 1999 Circle of Friends, Volume 1 CD. On 9 November 1998, after a protracted lawsuit that lasted five years and cost $ 1.3 million, the Kingsmen were awarded ownership of all their recordings released on Wand Records from Gusto Records , including "Louie Louie". They had not been paid royalties on

4300-579: The NPR Foundation Chair, and the NPR President & CEO. Terms are for three years and are staggered such that some stand for election every year. As of January 2024 , the board of directors of NPR included the following members: The original purposes of NPR, as ratified by the board of directors, are the following: The Public Editor responds to significant listener queries, comments and criticisms. The position reports to

4400-685: The Pacific Northwest's nascent rhythm & blues scene in the 1950s and 1960s", released a three chord clone, "David's Mood - Part 2", that was a regional hit in 1963. The Wailers , Little Bill and the Bluenotes, the Frantics , Tiny Tony and the Statics, Merrilee and the Turnabouts , and other local groups soon added the song to their set lists. Robin Roberts developed an interest in rock 'n' roll and rhythm and blues records as

4500-481: The Pacific Northwest, local R&B bands began to play the song, increasing its popularity. The song was re-released by Flip in 1961 as an A-side single and again in 1964 on a four-song EP, but never appeared on any of the national charts. Sales estimates ranged from 40,000 to 130,000 copies. Other versions appeared on Casino Club Presents Richard Berry (1966), Great Rhythm and Blues Oldies Volume 12 (1977), and The Best of Louie, Louie (1983). Although similar to

4600-629: The Pharaohs in April 1956. The Pharaohs were Godoy Colbert (first tenor), Stanley Henderson (second tenor, subbing for Robert Harris), and Noel Collins (baritone). Gloria Jones of the Dreamers provided additional backup vocals. Session musicians included Plas Johnson on tenor sax, Jewel Grant on baritone sax, Ernie Freeman on piano, Irving Ashby on guitar, Red Callender on bass, Ray Martinez on drums, and John Anderson on trumpet. Flip released

4700-552: The Richard Berry/Ron Holden arrangement" version put out at about the same time by Little Bill Englehardt (Topaz T-1305). The record was then reissued and promoted by Liberty Records in Los Angeles, but it failed to chart nationally. The track was included on the 1963 album The Wailers & Co , the 1964 compilation album Tall Cool One , the 1998 reissue of the 1962 album The Fabulous Wailers Live at

4800-754: The Spotify Audience Network platform within NPR programming, when NPR has empty slots available they otherwise were unable to sell to other advertisers directly. In contrast with commercial broadcasting , NPR's radio broadcasts do not carry traditional commercials, but has advertising in the form of brief statements from major sponsors which may include corporate slogans , descriptions of products and services, and contact information such as website addresses and telephone numbers . These statements are called underwriting spots and, unlike commercials, are governed by specific FCC restrictions in addition to truth in advertising laws; they cannot advocate

4900-442: The Wailers , famed for their "hard-nosed R&B/rock fusion". Known for his dynamic onstage performances, Roberts added "Louie Louie" to the band's set and, in 1960 recorded the track with the Wailers as his backing band. The arrangement, devised by Roberts with the band, was "the first-ever garage version of 'Louie Louie'" and included "one of the true great moments of rock", his ad-libbed "Let's give it to 'em, RIGHT NOW!!" before

5000-576: The afternoon All Things Considered , both carried by most NPR member stations, and among the most popular radio programs in the country. As of March 2018, the drive-time programs attract an audience of 14.9 million and 14.7 million per week, respectively. NPR manages the Public Radio Satellite System , which distributes its programs and other programming from independent producers and networks such as American Public Media and Public Radio Exchange , and which also acts as

5100-516: The bands" events. Holden recorded an unreleased version, backed by the Thunderbirds, for the Nite Owl label in 1959. As a leader of the "dirty but cool" Seattle R&B sound, he would often substitute mumbled, "somewhat pornographic" lyrics in "a live tour de force [that] often lasted ten minutes or longer, devastating local audiences." Lewis, "the singularly most significant figure on

SECTION 50

#1732779673345

5200-744: The charts, reaching No. 65 in Cash Box , No. 76 in Record World , No. 97 in Billboard and cracking the Top 40 in the Washington market. Total sales estimates for the single range from 10 million to over 12 million with cover versions accounting for another 300 million. In July 2023, the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified the song silver for sales and streaming figures exceeding 200,000 units. Another factor in

5300-489: The corner of North Capitol Street NE and L Street NW—is in the burgeoning NoMa neighborhood of Washington. The first show scheduled to be broadcast from the new studios was Weekend Edition Saturday . Morning Edition was the last show to move to the new location. In June 2013 NPR canceled the weekday call-in show Talk of the Nation . In September 2013, certain of NPR's 840 full- and part-time employees were offered

5400-461: The current system was in place because the station is a "media company that strives to be innovative and nimble." In December 2018, NPR launched a new podcast analytics technology called Remote Audio Data (RAD), which developer Stacey Goers described as a "method for sharing listening metrics from podcast applications straight back to publishers, with extreme care and respect for user privacy." In late November 2022, CEO John Lansing told staffers in

5500-806: The debt. Delano Lewis , the president of C&P Telephone , left that position to become NPR's CEO and president in January 1994. Lewis resigned in August 1998. In November 1998, NPR's board of directors hired Kevin Klose , the director of the International Broadcasting Bureau , as its president and chief executive officer. September 11th attacks made it apparent in a very urgent way that we need another facility that could keep NPR going if something devastating happens in Washington. Jay Kernis, NPR's senior VP for programming NPR spent nearly $ 13 million to acquire and equip

5600-503: The direction of the organization", including issues NPR's member station managers had had with NPR's expansion into new media "at the expense of serving" the stations that financially support NPR. As of 2009, corporate sponsorship comprised 26% of the NPR budget. In October 2010, NPR accepted a $ 1.8 million grant from the Open Society Institute . The grant is meant to begin a project called Impact of Government that

5700-455: The distribution opportunity, deeming it "too long" and "out of tune". Sales of the Kingsmen record were initially so low (reportedly 600) that the group considered disbanding. Things changed when Boston's biggest DJ, Arnie Ginsburg , was given the record by a pitchman. Amused by its slapdash sound, he played it on his program as "The Worst Record of the Week". Despite the slam, listener response

5800-419: The earlier Rockin' Robin Roberts version on which it was based into a "bumbling, bear-in-a-china-shop", "gloriously incoherent", "raw and raucous" "stomping garage-rocker" "so wrong it's right". Ely had to stand on tiptoe to sing into a boom mike, and his braces further impeded his "sinew-stretching", "giraffe-neck gabble" singing. The result was a "raw and unsanitized, unmanaged and unscrubbed" effort that

5900-536: The federally funded Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB). In 2009, member stations derived 6% of their revenue from federal, state and local government funding, 10% of their revenue from CPB grants, and 14% of their revenue from universities. NPR receives a small number of competitive grants from CPB and federal agencies like the Department of Education and the Department of Commerce. This funding amounts to less than 1% of revenues. In 2011, NPR announced

6000-534: The first president of NPR with 30 employees and 90 charter member local stations, and studios in Washington, D.C. NPR aired its first broadcast on April 20, 1971, covering United States Senate hearings on the ongoing Vietnam War in Southeast Asia . The afternoon drive-time newscast All Things Considered premiered on May 3, 1971, first hosted by Robert Conley . NPR was primarily a production and distribution organization until 1977, when it merged with

6100-476: The first-person story of a "lovesick sailor's lament to a bartender about wanting to get back home to his girl". The "extraordinary roller-coaster tale of obscurity, scandal, success and immortality" and "remarkable historical impact" of "Louie Louie" have been recognized by organizations and publications worldwide. A partial list (see Recognition and rankings table below) includes the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame ,

SECTION 60

#1732779673345

6200-553: The general public, and the chair of the NPR Foundation. On November 2, 2015, NPR Members approved a change in the NPR Bylaws to expand the board of directors to 23 directors, consisting of 12 Member Directors who are managers of NPR Member stations and are elected to the board by their fellow Member stations, 9 Public Directors who are prominent members of the public selected by the board and confirmed by NPR Member stations,

6300-523: The gift totaled $ 35 million. NPR will use the interest from the bequest to expand its news staff and reduce some member stations' fees. The 2005 budget was about $ 120 million. In August 2005, NPR entered podcasting with a directory of over 170 programs created by NPR and member stations. Users downloaded NPR and other public radio podcasts 5 million times by November of that year. Ten years later, by March 2015, users downloaded podcasts produced only by NPR 94 million times, and NPR podcasts like Fresh Air and

6400-407: The group hated but manager Ken Chase loved. Jerry Dennon's local Jerden label was contracted to press 1,000 vinyl 45s. The guitar break is triggered by a shout, "Okay, let's give it to 'em right now!", both lifted from the Roberts version. Critic Dave Marsh suggests it is this moment that gives the recording greatness: [Ely] went for it so avidly you'd have thought he'd spotted the jugular of

6500-556: The guitar solo. Released as a single on the band's own label, Etiquette, in early 1961, it became a huge hit locally, charting at No. 1 on Seattle's KJR and establishing "Louie Louie" as " the signature riff of Northwest rock 'n' roll". It also picked up play across the border in Vancouver, British Columbia , appearing in the top 40 of the CFUN chart. The popularity of the Roberts release effectively buried another "reasonably close to

6600-400: The lead vocalist comes back in, it would be expected that Ely would do the same. Ely, however, missed his mark, coming in two bars too soon, before the restatement of the riff. He realized his mistake and stopped the verse short, but the band did not realize that he had done so. As a quick fix, drummer Lynn Easton covered the pause with a drum fill . The error "imbued the Kingsmen recording with

6700-423: The media planning community. NPR's signature morning news program, Morning Edition , is the network's most popular program, drawing 14.63 million listeners a week, with its afternoon newsmagazine, All Things Considered , a close second, with 14.6 million listeners a week according to 2017 Nielsen ratings data. Arbitron data is also provided by Radio Research Consortium , a non-profit corporation which subscribes to

6800-478: The mid-1980s, Berry was living on welfare . Drinks company California Cooler wanted to use "Louie Louie" in a commercial, but discovered it needed Berry's consent because despite having sold the publishing rights, he still owned the radio and television performance rights. The company asked the Artists Rights Society to locate him which led to Berry's taking legal action to regain his rights to

6900-427: The most important rock song of all time." The Kingsmen's recording was the subject of an FBI investigation about the supposed, but nonexistent, obscenity of the lyrics that ended without prosecution. The nearly unintelligible (and innocuous) lyrics were widely misinterpreted, and the song was banned by radio stations. Marsh wrote that the lyrics controversy "reflected the country's infantile sexuality" and "ensured

7000-523: The network money in order to stave off bankruptcy. In exchange, NPR agreed to a new arrangement whereby the annual CPB stipend that it had previously received directly would be divided among local stations instead; in turn, those stations would support NPR productions on a subscription basis. NPR also agreed to turn its satellite service into a cooperative venture (the Public Radio Satellite System ), making it possible for non-NPR shows to get national distribution. It took NPR approximately three years to pay off

7100-576: The ongoing annual Louie Louie Street Party in Peoria ; and the unsuccessful attempt in 1985 to make it the state song of Washington . Dave Marsh in his book Louie Louie: The History and Mythology of the World's Most Famous Rock 'n' Roll Song wrote, "It is the best of songs, it is the worst of songs", and also labeled it "cosmically crude". Rock critic Greil Marcus called it "a law of nature" and New York Times music critic Jon Pareles , writing in

7200-528: The original version of "Louie Louie" to display "Lead vocal by Jack Ely" on the label. Ely released "Love That Louie" (as Jack E. Lee and the Squires) in 1964 and "Louie Louie '66" and " Louie Go Home " (as Jack Ely and the Courtmen) in 1966 without chart success. He re-recorded "Louie Louie" in 1976 and again in 1980, and these versions appear on multiple 60s hit compilations credited to "Jack Ely (formerly of

7300-509: The original, the version on Rhino 's 1983 The Best of Louie, Louie compilation is actually a note-for-note re-recording (with backup vocals by doo wop revival group Big Daddy ) created because licensing could not be obtained for Berry's 1957 version. The original version was included on a 1986 Swedish compilation, but not until the Ace Records Love That Louie release in 2002 did it see wide distribution. In

7400-405: The particular ephemeral nuances that attend the moment of inscription. What is, from a certain perspective, mind-numbingly simple is in fact a complex network of phenomenal elements that we perceive as a whole. A significant error on the Kingsmen version occurs just after the lead guitar break. As the group was going by the Wailers version, which has a brief restatement of the riff twice over before

7500-532: The president and CEO John Lansing. In April 2020, Kelly McBride became the Public Editor for NPR. In 2020, NPR released a budget for FY21 anticipating revenue of $ 250 million, a slight decrease from the prior year due to impacts of COVID-19. The budget anticipated $ 240 million in operating expenses, plus additional debt service and capital costs that lead to a cash deficit of approximately $ 4 million. The budget included $ 25 million in budget cuts. During

7600-449: The record in April 1957 with "Louie Louie" as the B-side of " You Are My Sunshine ", but prior to the song's release, Berry sold his portion of the publishing and songwriting rights for "Louie Louie" and four other songs for $ 750 to Max Feirtag, the head of Flip Records, to raise cash for his upcoming wedding. Both 7-inch 45 RPM and 10-inch 78 RPM versions were pressed. (An early 45 RPM label misprint exists, reported by Steve Propes , with

7700-562: The revenues for Public Radio came from federal sources. In 2010, NPR revenues totaled $ 180 million, with the bulk of revenues coming from programming fees, grants from foundations or business entities, contributions and sponsorships . According to the 2009 financial statement, about 50% of NPR revenues come from the fees it charges member stations for programming and distribution charges. Typically, NPR member stations receive funds through on-air pledge drives , corporate underwriting, state and local governments, educational institutions, and

7800-413: The roll-out of their own online advertising network , which allows member stations to run geographically targeted advertisement spots from national sponsors that may otherwise be unavailable to their local area, opening additional advertising-related revenue streams to the broadcaster. Center Stage , a mix of native advertising and banner ad featured prominently on the NPR homepage, above-the-fold,

7900-579: The same name on iHeartRadio . In April 2014, the station branding was modified and changed to "My 100.5 Gen-X Radio". At the same time, the 1980s and '90s music was greatly reduced, and the playlist was modified to include a Hot Adult Contemporary mix of music generally focused towards the 1990s through today. On July 1, 2014, at midnight, WLGX was officially rebranded as 100.5 MYfm . On May 25, 2016, WLGX rebranded as "100.5 Kiss FM". On November 27, 2019, WLGX dropped its hot adult contemporary format and began stunting with Christmas music; unlike other years

8000-513: The song at Northwestern Inc. Motion Pictures & Recording Studios at 411 SW 13th Avenue in Portland, Oregon. The one hour session, originally intended to produce an audition tape for a summer cruise ship gig, cost either $ 36, $ 50, or somewhere in between, and the band split the cost. The session was produced by Ken Chase, a local disc jockey on the AM rock station KISN who also owned The Chase,

8100-575: The song in 1955 after listening to an R&B interpretation of "El Loco Cha Cha" performed by the Latin group Ricky Rillera and the Rhythm Rockers. The tune was written originally as "Amarren Al Loco" ("Tie Up The Madman" or "Tie Up That Lunatic") by Cuban bandleader Rosendo Ruiz Jr. (also known as Rosendo Ruiz Quevedo), but became best known in the "El Loco Cha Cha" arrangement by René Touzet which included "three great chords, solid and true" and

8200-488: The song's eternal perpetuation", while another writer termed it "the ultimate expression of youthful rebellion". Jacob McMurray in Taking Punk To The Masses noted, "All of this only fueled the popularity of the song ... imprinting this grunge ur-message onto successive generations of youth, ... all of whom amplified and rebroadcast its powerful sonic meme ...." Richard Berry was inspired to write

8300-461: The song. The settlement made Berry a millionaire. While the title of the song is often rendered with a comma ("Louie, Louie"), in 1988, Berry told Esquire magazine that the correct title of the song was "Louie Louie" with no comma. "Louie Louie" is the world's most recorded rock song, with published estimates ranging from over 1,600 to more than 2,000 "with ever more still being released and performed". It has been released or performed by

8400-459: The songs since the 1960s. When Jack Ely died on April 28, 2015, his son reported that "my father would say, 'We were initially just going to record the song as an instrumental, and at the last minute I decided I'd sing it. ' " When it came time to do that, however, Ely discovered the sound engineer had raised the studio's only microphone several feet above his head. Then he placed Ely in the middle of his fellow musicians, all in an effort to create

8500-415: The station had played Christmas music, the station had gone jockless with the flip, and had erased all references to "Kiss FM", rebranding as "Christmas 100.5". At midnight on December 30, the stunting shifted to a broad-spanning variety hits format branded as simply "100.5 FM", teasing that a new format was "under construction", and was set to be revealed in the near future. On January 14, 2020, at 5 p.m.,

8600-439: The success of the record may have been the rumour that the vocals were intentionally slurred by the Kingsmen to cover up lyrics that were allegedly laced with profanity, graphically depicting sex between the sailor and his lady. Crumpled pieces of paper professing to be "the real lyrics" to "Louie Louie" circulated among teens. The song was banned on many radio stations and in many places in the United States, including Indiana, where

8700-477: The teen nightclub where the Kingsmen were the house band. The engineer for the session was the studio owner, Robert Lindahl. The Kingsmen's lead vocalist, Jack Ely , based his version on the recording by Rockin' Robin Roberts with the Fabulous Wailers, but unintentionally reintroduced Berry's original stop-time rhythm as he showed the other members how to play it with a 1–2–3, 1–2, 1–2–3 beat instead of

8800-564: The title rendered as "Louie Lo v ie".) A Cash Box review rated the A-side as a B+, but the B-side only rated a B with the comment, "Richard Berry chants a middle beat with a steady, syncopated rhythm that captures an excitement." Local A-side airplay was modest, but then KGFJ deejay Hunter Hancock flipped the record and put the B-side in heavy rotation, resulting in a regional hit, particularly in San Francisco. When Berry toured

8900-408: The variety hits format was confirmed as the permanent format, albeit with a slightly more narrowed approach consisting of '80s and '90s hits, not unlike the previous "Gen-X" format, branded as "100.5 FM - Your Life, on Shuffle". The first song under the new iteration of the format was " Bust a Move " by Young MC . [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Louie Louie " Louie Louie "

9000-631: The world. Albin J. Zak in The Poetics of Rock commented, What makes the Kingsmen's "Louie Louie" a good record? Neither lyrics nor melodic design, harmonic motion, rhythmic groove, or instrumental arrangement — all of which can be represented in some fashion apart from the record (though the lyrics would be at best an approximation) — hold the key to the answer. The record's power is in its sound, which represents multiple elements, processes, and voices — song, arrangement, sounds, techniques of sound recording and processing, musical performances, and all

9100-522: Was "making a conscious effort to consistently refer to ourselves as NPR on-air and online" because NPR is the common name for the organization and its radio hosts have used the tag line "This ... is NPR" for many years. National Public Radio remains the legal name of the group, however, as it has been since 1970. NPR replaced the National Educational Radio Network on February 26, 1970, following Congressional passage of

9200-510: Was in response to a rapid drop in corporate underwriting in the wake of the economic crisis of 2008 . In the fall of 2008, NPR programming reached a record 27.5 million people weekly, according to Arbitron ratings figures. NPR stations reach 32.7 million listeners overall. In March 2008, the NPR Board announced that Stern would be stepping down from his role as chief executive officer, following conflict with NPR's board of directors "over

9300-538: Was influenced by " One for My Baby (And One More for the Road) ", which is sung from the perspective of a customer talking to a bartender ("Louie" was the name of Berry's bartender). He additionally cited Chuck Berry 's " Havana Moon " and his own exposure to Latin American music for the song's speech pattern and references to Jamaica . Los Angeles-based Flip Records recorded Berry's composition with his vocal group

9400-456: Was intended to add at least 100 journalists at NPR member radio stations in all 50 states by 2013. The OSI has made previous donations but does not take on-air credit for its gifts. In April 2013, NPR moved from its home of 19 years (635 Massachusetts Avenue NW) to new offices and production facilities at 1111 North Capitol Street NE in a building adapted from the former C&P Telephone Warehouse and Repair Facility . The new headquarters—at

9500-422: Was issued hours before the format change, the station promised to feature music from "grunge, hip-hop, hair bands and boy bands". Beginning in 2011, WLGX would temporarily drop their '90s Hits format beginning in November each year for a Christmas music format, branded as "Gen X-Mas", during the tenure of the 90s hits format. During these times, they maintained a separate stream of the regular "Gen X" format under

9600-530: Was launched in 2013. The launch partner for Center Stage was Squarespace . In 2014, NPR CEO Jarl Mohn said the network would begin to increase revenue by having brands NPR views as more relevant to the audience underwrite NPR programs and requesting higher rates from them. For the year ended September 30, 2018, total operating revenues were $ 235 million, increasing to almost $ 259 million by September 2019. In 2023, Current reported that NPR partnered with Spotify to run targeted advertisements sold through

9700-436: Was more important to rock 'n' roll than technical competence or literal meaning." Music producer and historian Alec Palao wrote, This is truly the quintessential garage band moment, an audio-vérité snapshot that communicates directly what red-blooded grass roots American rock 'n' roll is all about ... the Kingsmen's "Louie Louie" spills forth with a rush of teenage hormones: raw, untutored, yet seemingly ready to take on

9800-469: Was on the underbill for a concert in the Seattle–Tacoma area in September 1957 and his record appeared on local radio station charts in November 1957 after "African American DJs Bob Summerrise and Eager Beaver started playing it on their radio shows”. Local R&B musicians Ron Holden and Dave Lewis popularized "Louie Louie", rearranging Berry's version and performing it at live shows and "battle of

9900-485: Was swift and positive. By the end of October, it was listed in Billboard as a regional breakout and a "bubbling under" entry for the national chart. Meanwhile, the Raiders version, with far stronger promotion, was becoming a hit in California and was also listed as "bubbling under" one week after the Kingsmen debuted on the chart. For a few weeks, the two singles appeared destined to battle each other, but demand for

10000-455: Was the most trusted news source in the United States. In 2014, Pew reported that, of adults who had heard of NPR, 55% of those polled trusted it; this was a similar level of listener trust as CNN , NBC , and ABC . NPR stations generally subscribe to the Nielsen rating service , but are not included in published ratings and rankings such as Radio & Records . NPR station listenership

#344655