Amateur boxing is the variant of boxing practiced in clubs and associations around the world, at the Olympic Games , Pan American Games and Commonwealth Games , as well as at the collegiate level .
39-589: World Boxing is an international sports organization regulating amateur boxing . It was formed in response to the breakdown in relations between the International Olympic Committee and the Russian-led International Boxing Association over governance and integrity problems in the latter. World Boxing is campaigning to keep boxing as an Olympic sport after the 2024 Summer Olympics , when
78-422: A draw or ex aequo , which was a very rare occurrence). It coexisted for a long time with 3-vote decision system, and 5-vote decision system, which resembled professional boxing decision-making system, it took five judges voting either for victory or a draw (in the 5-vote system, 5–0 stands for unanimous decision , 4–1 for majority decision , 3–2 for split decision , 3–1–1 for split decision and one judge ruled
117-516: A boxer being penalized, or ultimately, disqualified). Referees have to stop the bout if a boxer is seriously injured, or if one boxer is significantly dominating the other. Amateur boxing is sometimes called Olympic-style boxing (now an official term), although this is not to be confused with boxing at the Summer Olympics , where boxers compete under the amateur rules but can be both amateurs and professionals. Amateur boxing emerged as
156-403: A draw. In the 3-vote system, 3–0 stands for unanimous decision, 2–1 for split decision, 0–0–3 for a draw, with no majority decision option). Depending on the tournament regulations an extra round or rounds could be appointed on the sudden death principle if there was no clear winner. All mentioned systems were practised in combination with each other (i.e. judges were supposed not only to pick up
195-991: A national tournament to determine who will compete on the United States national boxing team at the Olympic Games (either directly qualifying for the Olympics or through worldwide or regional qualifying tournaments). Since 1969, amateur boxing in Canada has been regulated by the Canadian Amateur Boxing Association (Boxing Canada) and the various member provincial associations. Some of the main tournaments include Provincial Championships, Golden Gloves, Silver Gloves, Emerald Gloves and Buckskin Gloves. U19 World Boxing Championships Too Many Requests If you report this error to
234-469: A one-minute interval between rounds. Men's senior bouts changed in format from four two-minute rounds to three three-minute rounds on January 1, 2009. Amateur boxing rewards point-scoring blows, based on the number of clean punches landed, rather than physical power. Also, the amateur format allows tournaments to feature several bouts over several days, unlike professional boxing , where fighters typically rest several months between bouts. A referee monitors
273-453: A sponsorship agreement with state-owned oil company Gazprom , and having moved some of its operations to Russia), and concerns over governance, finances, and the integrity of officiating. Amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, 18 boxing national federations formed a consortium known as the "Common Cause Alliance" (CCA), which called for greater transparency on its finances (including
312-410: A sport during the mid-to-late 19th century, partly as a result of the moral controversies surrounding professional prize-fighting . Originally lampooned as an effort by upper and middle-class gentlemen to co-opt a traditionally working class sport, the safer, "scientific" style of boxing found favour in schools, universities and in the armed forces, although the champions still usually came from among
351-469: A winner, but also to fill-in scorecards), creating complexity with points, scorecards, etc. Tournaments and championships usually employed the 5-vote system. International duals usually employed the 3-vote system, with two judges represented the guest nation, and one judge represented the host nation. Both systems lead to a number of controversial and officially contested results, as punch statistics (thrown-to-landed) mostly wasn't accounted for by either one. At
390-798: Is an amateur boxing tournament that is fought at both the national level and the regional level. Although the Golden Gloves typically refers to the National Golden Gloves, it can also refer to the Intercity Golden Gloves , the Chicago Golden Gloves , the New York Golden Gloves , and other regional Golden Gloves tournaments. The winners of the regional tournaments fight in a national competition annually. USA Boxing also sanctions
429-532: Is equal to 14 pounds.) By 1902 , American boxers were contesting the titles in the A.B.A. Championships, which, therefore, took on an international complexion. By 1924 , the A.B.A. had 105 clubs in affiliation. Boxing first appeared at the Olympic Games in 1904 and, apart from the Games of 1912 , has always been part of them. From 1904 to 2020, the United States and Cuba won the most gold medals; 50 for
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#1732782655435468-519: The 1960 Rome Olympics preliminaries, after Soviet Oleg Grigoryev was controversially ruled a winner over Great Britain's Francis Taylor , the IOC decided to relieve some 15 of the referees and judges of their duties before the quarterfinals. After the 1988 Seoul Olympics controversy, when the clearly dominant finalist Roy Jones Jr. of the U.S. (whom even the Soviet judges ruled to be a winner, let alone
507-616: The CISM . Bouts which end this way may be noted in English or in French (which was the AIBA official language ). Amateur boxing does not recognize terms "knockout", and "technical knockout", instead it use the following terms: All wins, losses, or mismatches except for those achieved by way of a clean knockout, or in absentia , are disputable, and could be contested legally through an appeal to
546-613: The Americas, 15 from Asia, 16 from Europe, and 5 from Oceania. In addition, [REDACTED] GB Boxing is an associate member: this is because the governance of amateur boxing in the United Kingdom, like cricket , football and rugby union , is devolved to the Home Nations . Amateur boxing Amateur boxing bouts comprise three rounds of three minutes for men, and four rounds of two minutes for women, each with
585-840: The Anti-Doping Division of the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS AAD). On 17 September 2024, World Boxing announced the M&;S Bank Arena in Liverpool , England, would host the organisation's inaugural World Boxing Championships from 4 to 14 September 2025. On 19 June 2024, World Boxing announced the inaugural U19 World Boxing Championships to be held in Pueblo, Colorado from 25 October to 5 November 2024, held across 10 weight categories for both men and women. World Boxing currently has 55 member federations - 3 from Africa, 16 from
624-571: The Games or in other sporting event of international importance, while boxers from Cuba and certain post-Soviet states, which have professional sports there banned today or had it previously, are state-sponsored and frequently stay on in the amateurs, while being arguably professionals de facto , and compete in multiple Olympics. Prior to this decision, it was customary in the West for amateur boxers not to compete at successive Olympiads, but rather to turn professional immediately after participating in
663-582: The Games or in other sporting events of international importance. Meanwhile, boxers from Cuba and some post-Soviet states, in which professional sports are today or were previously banned, were often state-sponsored and remained officially amateurs, despite arguably being de facto professionals, and often competed in multiple Olympics. Contrary to professional boxing, which utilizes lineal system , amateur boxing events are different in principle (although professional and amateur cards could appear much similar to each other). Championships are usually divided into
702-524: The IBA's members blocked van der Vorst's proposal to challenge Kremlev's re-election. By December 2022, the membership of the Common Cause Alliance has grown to 25 federations. In April 2023, the IOC stated that it needs to have a partner International Federation for boxing by early 2025, otherwise the sport's presence at the 2028 Summer Olympics would be at risk. On 13 April 2023, World Boxing
741-525: The IOC Executive Board voted to permanently withdraw its recognition of the IBA, citing a continued lack of progress on governance, finances, and addressing corruption since its original suspension. On 7 May 2024, World Boxing held its first formal meeting with the IOC, discussing the future of Olympic boxing, and the criteria that would have to be met for the IOC to recognize World Boxing as the governing body for boxing. On 26 September 2024, it
780-481: The IOC's qualification arrangements expired. They claim they are the only international boxing federation that can keep boxing in the Summer Olympics. The International Boxing Association (IBA) had been suspended by the IOC in 2019 due to issues surrounding its governance and finances. Further scrutiny emerged under the presidency of Umar Kremlev —which began in 2020—including allegations of increased Russian influence (including close ties to president Vladimir Putin ,
819-524: The Olympic Games and other tournaments sanctioned by the AIBA. This was done in part to level the playing field and give all of the athletes the same opportunities government-sponsored boxers from socialist countries and post-Soviet republics have. However, professional organizations strongly opposed that decision. As it is accustomed to in the West, amateur boxers do not compete at the Olympiads consecutively, they turn pro right after they participated in
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#1732782655435858-647: The U.S. (117 overall) and 41 (78 overall) for Cuba . Internationally, amateur boxing spread steadily throughout the first half of the 20th century, but when the first international body, the Fédération Internationale de Boxe Olympique (International Olympic Boxing Federation) was formed in Paris in 1920, there were five member nations. In 1946 , when the International Amateur Boxing Association (A.I.B.A.)
897-759: The United States are usually regulated by one of two organizations: the National Collegiate Boxing Association (created in 1978) or the United States Intercollegiate Boxing Association (formed in 2012). There are several different amateur sanctioning bodies in the United States, including the National AAU Boxing Committee , Golden Gloves Association of America and United States Amateur Boxing Federation (presently known as USA Boxing). The Golden Gloves
936-508: The absence of professional boxing, allowing to determine country's undisputed champion regardless of weight (over 91: usually contested by light heavyweights and heavyweights; under 91: contested by middleweights with significant other advantages to compensate the weight disparity). Competitions other than absolute, always had strict weight regulations, weigh-in procedures, etc. There are several major international governing bodies in amateur boxing: Collegiate-level boxing competitions in
975-750: The aforementioned Gazprom agreement), determine the detrimental effects of the invasion on the IBA, and for it to take stronger action against the Russian Boxing Federation . The CCA also pledged support for boxing to continue being a Summer Olympic sport. During the IBA Congress in May 2022, one day before a presidential vote, five candidates connected to the CCA were deemed ineligible by IBA's Interim Nomination Unit, accusing them of engaging in prohibited "collaborations" and campaigning outside of
1014-703: The button for the same boxer within a one-second window in order for the point to score. A legal scoring blow was that which is landed cleanly with the knuckle surface of the glove, within the scoring area from the middle of the head, down the sides and between the hips through the belly button. In case of a tied match, each judge would determine a winner. The AIBA introduced a new scoring system in January 2011. Each judge gives an individual score for each boxer. The score given to each boxer would be taken from 3 out of 5 judges either by similar score or trimmed mean. Scores are no longer tracked in real time and are instead given at
1053-469: The commentators and his beaten opponent, who himself apologized for the injustice) was virtually robbed of the gold medal, a new system was created and implemented, where only clean punches score, although a controversy still exist as to what is a clean punch in one's personal opinion, leading to another dubious results. The semifinals of the 1996 Atlanta Olympics proved the new points system susceptible to controversy as well, when Kazakhstani Vassiliy Jirov
1092-528: The designated period. One of the candidates—Dutch official Boris van der Vorst—filed for an appeal with the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), stating that the candidates had been approved by the IBA's Disciplinary Committee, which had also approved the CCA's activities as being supportive of the IBA's mission. The CAS overruled the IBA decision, resulting in an Extraordinary IBA Congress in September; however,
1131-588: The end of each round. On March 13, 2013, the computer scoring system was abandoned, with amateur boxing instead using the ten point must system , similar to professional boxing. Amateur boxing awards system in essence duplicates the Olympic awards system with minor differences: The United States tournaments and championships (except for those affiliated with World Boxing ), contrary to European equivalent, usually do not award silver medals and bronze medals for 2nd and 3rd place respectively, as they acknowledge only
1170-405: The fight to ensure that competitors use only legal blows; a belt worn over the torso represents the lower limit of punches – any boxer repeatedly landing "low blows" is disqualified. Referees also ensure that the boxers do not use holding tactics to prevent the opponent from punching (if this occurs, the referee separates the opponents and orders them to continue boxing. Repeated holding can result in
1209-416: The following age-limited subcategories: The following ring-experience-oriented divisions are usually represented at tournaments: There are also specific types of contest for servicemen and jailed people: In terms of weight classes contests could be either: Absolute championships without weight limits completely or in two weight classes (over/under 91 kilogram) took place in socialist countries in
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1248-450: The governing bodies. Amateur boxing to this day have several scoring systems, depending on the tournament regulations and sanctioning authority. Several archaic score systems, that survived to the 1980s (and in some places to this day), the first of which is a 3-point system, which gave one point for each of three rounds (therefore 3–0 stands for a clean victory by points, 2–1 means that defeated opponent dominated one round, 1–1–1 stands for
1287-469: The headgear. Women's competition was unaffected, as the AIBA announced that there wasn't enough data on its effects on women. This ruling was in place at the 2016 Summer Olympics . On several occasions in the 1990s, professional boxers, mostly from the post-Soviet states , resumed their amateur careers, namely: Nikolay Kulpin and Oleg Maskaev in 1993, Nikolai Valuev in 1994, Ruslan Chagaev in 1998. In June 2016, professional boxers were admitted in
1326-696: The urban poor. The Queensberry Amateur Championships continued from 1867 to 1885 , and so, unlike their professional counterparts, amateur boxers did not deviate from using gloves once the Queensberry Rules had been published. In England, the Amateur Boxing Association (A.B.A.) was formed in 1880 when twelve clubs affiliated. It held its first championships the following year. Four weight classes were contested: Featherweight (9 stone ), Lightweight (10 stone), Middleweight (11 stone, 4 pounds) and Heavyweight (no limit). (A stone
1365-480: The winners. Hence its colloquial name " Golden Gloves " (implying the winner takes all principle, which they are based upon). This is a parallel to professional boxing, which also does not use such terms as "second place" or "third place", it accepts only "champion" and "challenger". In March 2016, protective headgear that had been in use since 1982 was removed from men's competition due to higher concussion rates occurring in fights using headgear than in fights without
1404-536: Was announced that Kazakhstani Olympic medallist Gennadiy Golovkin would lead World Boxing's Olympic Commission, serving as a liaison between World Boxing and the IOC on matters relating to Olympic boxing. On 2 October 2024, World Boxing announced a four-year agreement to delegate drug testing activities to the International Testing Agency (ITA). On 10 October 2024, World Boxing agreed to delegate adjudication on all anti-doping violations to
1443-488: Was formed in London, twenty-four nations from five continents were represented, and the A.I.B.A. has continued to be the official world federation of amateur boxing ever since. The first World Amateur Boxing Championships were staged in 1974 , prior to that only regional championships took place, the only worldwide event apart from the Olympics were World Military Boxing Championships first conducted in 1947 and ever since by
1482-407: Was launched as a competitor to the IBA, with its interim board including officials from member organizations of the CCA, and van der Vorst named inaugural president. The IBA condemned World Boxing as a "rogue organization" whose sole purpose was to destroy the IBA's integrity, and threatened sanctions against national federations, athletes, and officials who participate in its events. On 22 June 2023,
1521-408: Was pronounced a 15–9 score winner over U.S. Antonio Tarver , with many observers were left confused, believing Tarver was dominant through the entire bout. Computer scoring was introduced to the Olympics in 1992. Each of the five judges had a keypad with a red and a blue button. The judges pressed a button for which ever corner they felt landed a scoring blow. Three out of the five judges had to press
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