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57-764: The first World Romani Congress was organized in 1971 in Orpington near London , England, United Kingdom, funded in part by the World Council of Churches and the Government of India . It was attended by 23 representatives from ten nations (Czechoslovakia, Finland, Norway, France, Great Britain, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Spain and Yugoslavia) and observers from Belgium, Canada, India and the United States. Five sub-commissions were created to examine social affairs, education, war crimes, language, and culture. At

114-687: A document which outlined plans for the development of Romani nationalism and representation. Esma Redžepova performed the Romani anthem . The eighth Congress was held in Sibiu , Romania, in April 2013. Approximately 250 delegates from 34 countries attended the meeting. The ninth Congress was held in Riga, Latvia , in August 2015. Approximately 250 delegates from 25 countries were in attendance. 21 countries out of

171-646: A new multi-sport stadium with a spectator capacity of 2,200. However, in July 2016 new London Mayor Sadiq Kahn vetoed the plan as part of his pledge to protect green belt land. Orpington Boxing Club has produced numerous amateur champions. It moved to Westerham in 1986. The club closed in 2013 due to lack of funding, but reopened in Pettswood in 2024 with a 15 year lease. Since 1985, members of Orpington Road Runners have met every Tuesday near The Buff Pub and on Sundays at High Elms Country Park . For over 10 years,

228-751: A new president for the International Romani Union (Stanisław Stankiewicz of Poland ) and a new president of the World Parliament of the IRU (Dragan Jevremovic of Austria ). A new committee was set up to examine issues surrounding women, families and children. The seventh Congress was held in Zagreb , Croatia, in October 2008. Almost 300 delegates from 28 countries attended the meeting, which released The Roma Nation Building Action Plan,

285-482: A range of primary and secondary schools . The state secondary schools include St. Olave's Grammar School and Newstead Wood School , which both select students on the basis of their performance in a highly competitive entrance examination. The Orpington campus of Bromley College, Bromley is a further education college, affiliated with the University of Greenwich and Canterbury Christ Church University . It

342-595: A selective grouping of relatively low- to mid-density (and some high-density) output areas , each consisting of roughly 120 households, it can be compared to the London region, which covers 1,572 square kilometres (607 sq mi) and contained 8,173,194 residents at the time of the 2011 census. The built-up area of the Greater London region continues beyond the region's administrative boundary in some places, while stopping short of it in others. For this reason,

399-415: A specific pattern: the density of the centre of the city would rise during urbanisation and the population would remain heavily concentrated in the city centre with a rapid decline in settlement towards the periphery. Then, with continued economic growth and the expanding networks of public transport , people (particularly the middle-class ) would then slowly migrate towards the suburbs, gradually softening

456-529: A sports hall used for activities such as badminton , basketball , trampolining and fitness classes. The sports hall is also used for Women's Artistic Gymnastics , and the leisure centre has been the main training venue for Orpington Gymnastic Club since the opening of the centre. There are also other leisure centres such as one situated at Harris Academy Orpington, which has a floodlit, synthetic pitch for hockey and football , three outdoor tennis courts, two netball courts, four outdoor cricket nets and

513-924: A sports hall with gymnasium/fitness suite and dance studio. Another is Banaatyne Health Club, a members-only health club on Sandy Lane which was previously LA Fitness but changed causing controversy in late 2015. Other exercise facilities include bodybuilding gym Ripped Muscle And Fitness located on Orpington high street, previously Keddles Gym (now based in Dartford), and Anytime fitness which can be found on Orpington high street. There are rugby , football, tennis and cricket pitches in Goddington Park which are used by Westcombe Park RFC, Orpington Cricket Club and Orpington Football Club . Westcombe Park RFC competes in National League 3 London & SE (four leagues below premiership rugby). 'Combe' moved from

570-509: A storm in 1771. The rebuilt steeple was struck by lightning in 1809, and it was not replaced. The church was greatly enlarged in 1957. The present Vicar is the Reverend George Rogers. The Priory is a medieval hall house . In 1032, Eadsy, chaplain to King Cnut , gave his estate at Orpedingetune to Christ Church Priory, Canterbury . The first Rector of Orpington, Hugh de Mortimer, held court here in 1270. The house

627-586: Is Princess Royal University Hospital in Farnborough . Orpington War Memorial standing at the southern end of the High Street is a focal point for Remembrance Sunday. It was designed by local architect Charles Heaton Comyn and unveiled on Sunday 28 August 1921. It originally contained the names of 111 local men who died in the Great War, however further names were added later, bringing the total for

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684-524: Is in the grounds of Newstead Wood School . Construction work on a new cinema complex at The Walnuts Centre commenced in 2014; the seven screen Odeon Cinema opened on 26 February 2016. Orpington was without a cinema since 1982, when the old Commodore cinema closed. Education in Orpington is managed by the London Borough of Bromley which is the local education authority . The town contains

741-437: Is the most prominent religion in Orpington, with 63.1% of the population identifying as Christian; 'no religion' was second with 24.4% and Islam third at 2.1%. 45 people identify as Jewish and five as Buddhist . 51.1% of the local population is married, 23.8% are single, 8.2% cohabit with a partner of the opposite sex and 0.5% cohabit with a partner of the same sex. The leading occupation is 'professionals' who make up 19.2% of

798-524: Is usually dated. Data from the 2011 census reported that the population of Orpington was 15,311 with 52% being female and 48% male. The average age is 42, slightly above the national average age of 40. 86% of Orpington's population was born in England, with the second highest group being those born in Scotland at 1.1%. 95.1% of Orpington's population speak English , with 'Others' at 0.4%. Christianity

855-588: The Bexley and Bromley constituency in which Orpington is located. Orpington is a town located in Greater London, specifically within the London Borough of Bromley. It has farms, roads, and homes divided by the border with Kent. This characteristic means that some areas of Orpington fall within the administrative boundaries of Bromley, while others extend into Kent. After the Conservative member for

912-791: The City of London , the 12 Inner London boroughs (including the City of Westminster ), and the 20 Outer London boroughs. In the 2011 census, the following areas were considered to be built-up areas but outside the Greater London Built-up Area, despite being within Greater London . All of these areas had populations of less than a thousand except New Addington BUA and Harefield BUA which had populations of 22,280 and 6,573 respectively. Note that these are Built-up areas as defined by Office for National Statistics and will have different boundaries from

969-968: The International Gypsy Committee (founded in 1965) was renamed the Komiteto Lumniako Romano (International Rom Committee). The second Congress in April 1978, was held in Geneva , Switzerland, and attended by 120 delegates from 26 countries. Attendees helped transform the International Rom Committee into the International Romani Union . The third Congress was held in Göttingen , West Germany, in May 1981, with 600 delegates and observers from 28 countries. Attendees supported

1026-624: The Lee Valley Park ; and the two largest sewage treatment works serving London by the River Thames . Outside the region's administrative boundary, it includes contiguous suburban settlements and a few densely populated outliers connected to it by ribbon development . Its outer boundary is constrained by the Metropolitan Green Belt and it is therefore much smaller than the wider metropolitan area of London. As

1083-584: The Office for National Statistics . It is the largest urban area in the United Kingdom with a population of 9,787,426 in 2011. The Greater London Built-up or Urban Area had a population of 9,787,426 and occupied an area of 1,737.9 square kilometres (671.0 sq mi) at the time of the 2011 census. It includes most of the London region – omitting most of its woodland; small, buffered districts;

1140-533: The Orpington (UK Parliament constituency) and the current MP is Gareth Bacon , who has held the seat since 2019 for the Conservative Party . Orpington constituency, which covers a large swathe of southern Bromley borough, is regarded as a Conservative safe seat , with the party winning the seat in every general election held since 1970 . Gareth Bacon is also the London Assembly member for

1197-587: The Orpington constituency , Donald Sumner, had resigned to become a county court judge, a by-election was held on 15 March 1962. Orpington was considered a safe Conservative seat, but Eric Lubbock , the Liberal candidate, won with a 22% swing away from the Conservatives. The result caused a sensation and was headline news across the nation. It is from this win that the revival of the Liberal Party

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1254-677: The Ramsden estate , and Poverest. Early Bronze Age pottery fragments have been found in the Park Avenue area. During the building of Ramsden Boys School in 1956, the remains of an Iron Age farmstead were excavated. The area was occupied in Roman times, as shown by Crofton Roman Villa and the Roman bath-house at Fordcroft. During the Anglo-Saxon period, Fordcroft Anglo-Saxon cemetery

1311-602: The 1890s. One could see the Buff Orpington at Tripes Farm, Chelsfield Lane until the late 1990s when the chicken coop was removed from the farm. Buff Orpington Ducks were also developed by Cook. The town still has a pub called The Buff, originally named in honour of the Buff Orpington. The Orpington Car, designed by Frank Smith and built by Smith & Milroy Ltd at their works in Wellington Road,

1368-437: The 1960s used "Orpington man" to designate a typical member of the lower middle class, for example as the target audience of an electoral or advertising appeal. Greater London Built-up Area The Greater London Built-up Area , or Greater London Urban Area , is a conurbation in south-east England that constitutes the continuous urban sprawl of London , and includes surrounding adjacent urban towns as defined by

1425-636: The 25 in attendance formed a Federation to tackle the issues afflicting the Romani people. The tenth Congress was held in Skopje , North Macedonia, in March 2016. The eleventh Congress was held in Berlin , Germany, on 15–17 May 2023. Orpington Orpington is a town in Greater London , England , within the London Borough of Bromley . It is 13.4 miles (21.6 km) south east of Charing Cross . On

1482-555: The Anchor and Hope Inn on the High Street . Historically, the major local commercial centre was nearby St Mary Cray rather than Orpington. St Mary Cray had a regular market, and industry (paper mills and bell foundry). In contrast, Orpington was a small country village surrounded by soft fruit farms, hop fields and orchards. These crops attracted Romani people , working as itinerant pickers, to annual camps in local meadows and worked-out chalk pits. Although this work has largely ended,

1539-521: The Blackheath area to Orpington in 1936. Cray Wanderers F.C. , established in 1860 no longer plays in Orpington, but now shares a ground with Bromley F.C. On 3 October 2014 Cray Wanderers signed a conditional contract to purchase Flamingo Park Sports Centre on the A20 Sidcup bypass. The club subsequently obtained planning permission from Bromley Council for a new sporting community hub, featuring

1596-604: The Borough still provides a permanent site for travellers at Star Lane, and historic gatherings are commemorated in local street names, such as Romany Rise. In 1967, Eric Lubbock , then Liberal MP for Orpington , promoted a Private Member's Bill to provide permanent Romani sites; this resulted in the Caravan Sites Act 1968 that placed an obligation upon local authorities to provide sites for locally residing travellers. In 1971, an international meeting of Romany people

1653-582: The Great War up to 117. A campaign in 1997–98 for the remembrance of 432 armed forces personnel who fell in the Second World War resulted in the unveiling of eight more plaques on Sunday 2 August 1999. Another new plaque has been added detailing the eight local men who have died on active duty since 1945. In the corner of All Saints' Church sits Canadian Corner. This is a First World War memorial that marks where 182 soldiers who died being treated at Orpington Hospital are buried. The name derives from

1710-534: The Met was allowed to retain such land that it believed was necessary for future railway use. Initially, the surplus land was managed by the Land Committee, and, from the 1880s, the land was developed and sold to domestic buyers in places like Willesden Park Estate, Cecil Park, near Pinner and at Wembley Park. In 1919, with the expectation of a post-war housing boom, Metropolitan Railway Country Estates Limited

1767-602: The area of built-up London in the interwar period alone, despite the population increase is just 10%. H. G. Wells even predicted in 1902 that within a hundred years most of southern England would have been subsumed into one gigantic conurbation centred in London. At the time of the 2011 Census, the Office for National Statistics defined the Greater London Urban Area as being made up of the following components: The London region consists of 33 districts:

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1824-548: The call for Roma to be recognized as a national minority of Indian origin. The Porajmos was a major topic of discussion. In 1990, the fourth Congress was held in Serock , Poland, with 250 delegates attending. Discussion topics included World War II reparations , education, culture, public relations, language, and a Romani language encyclopedia. The International Day of the Roma was also officially declared as April 8, in honour of

1881-415: The city experienced its first great urban surge. Areas to the west of Westminster were increasingly built up for the wealthy, to live in the suburbs of the city. A dramatic increase in the city's urban sprawl began in the nineteenth century when labourers flocked from the countryside to work in the new factories that were then springing up. Large developments of small terraced houses began to appear and

1938-605: The club has organised a 10k race and series of 2k fun runs during the summer in conjunction with Darrick Wood School. Bromley Indoor Bowls Club is situated off Gillmans Road. Lawn bowls is played at the Excelsior Club in Poverest Recreation Ground. Knoll Lawn Tennis Club has (despite its name) five tarmac courts tucked away among the houses of Mayfield Avenue and Lynwood Grove. Bromley Tennis Centre (six indoor courts and four floodlit outdoor courts)

1995-533: The congress, the green and blue flag from the 1933 conference of the General Association of the Gypsies of Romania, embellished with the red, sixteen-spoked chakra , was reaffirmed as the national emblem of the Roma people, and the song " Gelem, Gelem " was adopted as the Roma anthem. Usage of the word "Roma" (rather than variants of "gypsy") was also accepted by a majority of attendees; as a result,

2052-557: The council to wipe away road markings indicating parking restrictions. By combining the lack of markings with CCTV monitoring, the council has been able to reduce the amount of street clutter and improve the quality of the High Street environment. Much of the town's retailers reside at the Nugent Shopping Park. This retail park is located to the north of the high street, in the St Mary Cray area. The vicinity of

2109-547: The density of the Greater London Built-Up Area is 8.3% higher than that of Greater London, the figure for which includes these outlying rural areas (notably in Hillingdon , Enfield , Havering and Bromley ). All of both areas are drained ultimately by the River Thames . The area uses around 4 gigawatts of electricity power. The density gradient of industrialising cities has tended to follow

2166-707: The fact 88 of those buried are Canadians. Canadian Corner is unique in that its design resembles that of First World War Cemeteries found in France & Belgium, with the text on the memorial suggesting that the Memorial Cross was the first outside of the Western Front, as the English public were interested in how the war cemeteries looked. The Memorial Cross in Canadian Corner was unveiled in 1921 in

2223-552: The first World Romani Congress meeting in 1971. The fifth World Romani Congress was held in Prague , Czech Republic in July 2000. Emil Ščuka was elected president of the International Romani Union. The Congress produced the official Declaration of the Romani non-territorial nation. The sixth Congress was held in Lanciano , Italy, on October 8 and 9, 2004, with participation from over 200 delegates from 39 countries. Delegates chose

2280-664: The growth in urban sprawl came from the opening of the Metropolitan Railway in the 1860s. The line joined the capital's financial heart in the City to what were to become the suburbs of Middlesex . Harrow was reached in 1880, and the line eventually extended as far as Verney Junction in Buckinghamshire , more than 50 miles (80 kilometres) from Baker Street and the centre of London. Unlike other railway companies, which were required to dispose of surplus land,

2337-672: The last private owners of The Priory, Cecil and Lilian Hughes, consists of Italianate and Arts & Crafts style formal gardens reflecting the Hughes respective interests, a landscaped park with children's play area, and a trio of natural ponds where the River Cray rises. Each year the Orpington May Queen is crowned in the gardens. During the First World War a large military hospital, the "16th Canadian General",

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2394-467: The new public transport systems – ( the Tube , buses and trams ) – allowed workers to commute into the city daily. Suburban districts also sprung up around the city centre to accommodate those who wanted to escape the squalid conditions of the industrial town. By the mid-nineteenth century, the first major suburban areas were springing up around London as the city (then the largest in the world) became more overcrowded and unsanitary. A major catalyst in

2451-400: The other direction services call at Sevenoaks , Tunbridge Wells and Hastings . Orpington is served by London Buses routes 51 , 61 , 208 , 353 , 358 , B14 , R1 , R2 , R3 , R4 , R5 , R6 , R7 , R8 , R9 , R10 , R11 , school routes 654 , 684 , night route N199 , Go-Coach route 3 and Arriva Kent Thameside route 477. The M25 motorway around London passes Orpington to

2508-442: The park also hosts several 'big box' retail outlets. Following the relocation of Marks & Spencer from their town-centre store to the Nugent Shopping Park, their previous site was taken over by Sainsbury's , who moved from their site nearby in the Walnuts. The Walnuts Leisure Centre, just east of the High Street, has a six-lane, 33.3-metre indoor swimming pool , squash courts and a gym with sauna and steam room, as well as

2565-422: The population density gradient. This point was generally reached when the city reached a certain stage of economic development. In London, this point was reached in the first half of the nineteenth century, in Paris towards the end of the century and in New York City at the turn of the twentieth. However, London had been sprawling out of its medieval confines within the City since the eighteenth century, when

2622-447: The population followed by administrative and secretarial at 16.2%. The High Street and adjacent Walnuts Shopping Centre contain a variety of high-street shops, pubs and restaurants. A large Tesco supermarket opened in 2009 on the site of a former multi-storey car park . There is also a general market three days a week in front of Orpington College. In 2017 a restricted parking zone was introduced on Orpington High Street, which enabled

2679-404: The presence of the High Commissioner for Canada. The automatic plunger used to release the Union flag which hid the Cross was the same used by George V during the unveiling of The Cenotaph a year earlier. The Memorial Cross in Canadian Corner was the first Canadian Memorial unveiled in the UK. Orpington is known for the "Buff", "Black" and "Speckled" chickens bred locally by William Cook in

2736-457: The south of the town and three A roads , the A208 , A224 and A232 , pass through the area. Additionally, the A21 passes along the town's southern border. The Parish Church is All Saints Church , which stands upon pre- Norman foundations. Mentioned in the Domesday Book , it is Early English in style, but some Saxon work is still visible. It was endowed by the Archbishop of Canterbury in 1173. The tower and steeple were damaged by

2793-479: The south-eastern edge of the Greater London Built-up Area , it is south of St Mary Cray , southwest of Swanley , west of Ramsden , north of Goddington and Green Street Green , and east of Crofton and Broom Hill . Orpington is covered by the Kent BR postcode area . It is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London . Stone Age tools have been found in several areas of Orpington, including Goddington Park, Priory Gardens,

2850-613: Was built south-east of the station, funded by the government of Ontario , Canada. It originally accommodated 1,050 patients; an extra wing was added in 1917. By January 1919 more than 25,000 wounded soldiers had been treated here. Most of the original pre-fabricated buildings remained in use for more than 80 years before a major renovation around the turn of the century. Today Orpington Hospital provides rehabilitation and therapy services, outpatient and diagnostic services (including dermatology and diabetes ), but it no longer has an Accident and Emergency Unit. The nearest A&E

2907-402: Was expanded in 1904, prompting a wave of house building that peaked in the 1920-30s, transforming the area into a suburb of London. The Walnuts Shopping Centre was built in the early 1970s. Orpington has been part of the London Borough of Bromley since 1 April 1965. Prior to this Orpington's local government was the Orpington Urban District within the county of Kent . Orpington forms part of

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2964-410: Was formed and went on to develop estates at Kingsbury Garden Village near Neasden , Wembley Park , Cecil Park and Grange Estate at Pinner and the Cedars Estate at Rickmansworth and create places such as Harrow Garden Village . By the early twentieth century, amid increasing middle-class affluence, large low-density suburbs of semi-detached houses had sprung up all around the city, doubling

3021-418: Was held at Orpington; this Orpington Congress marked the founding of the International Romani Union , a group seeking political representation for Romanis throughout Europe. Orpington railway station opened in 1868 to the southwest of the town centre, prompting housing development in the Crofton and Broom Hill areas, with the Derry Downs areas to the east also developed at about the same time. The station

3078-407: Was originally built as Orpington College in 1972, and remains the tallest building in the area, being refurbished in 2008 and then merging with Bromley College in 2011. Orpington railway station is a transport hub served by Southeastern with trains to the Central London stations of Charing Cross and Cannon Street via Grove Park , as well as Victoria via Bromley South and Herne Hill . In

3135-420: Was rebuilt in 1290, this time in stone, and extended in 1393 and 1471. In the 17th century the house ceased to be a rectory and passed into private ownership; a timber-framed extension was added, which no longer exists. The house was acquired by Orpington Urban District Council in 1947, and used to house a museum which closed in September 2015 for cost reasons. The Grade II listed Priory Gardens designed by

3192-494: Was shown at the 1920 Motor Show. It was a two-seater convertible, with a dickey seat , and a 10 horsepower (7.5 kW) engine. Although briefly successful, Smith and Milroy could not compete with mass production , and the last car was commonly believed to have been built in 1925. The only known survivor at the time reportedly once appeared in the 1970s television series Crossroads , but this has not been substantiated. There are now no known surviving examples. Journalists in

3249-453: Was used in the area. The first record of the name Orpington occurs in 1038, when King Cnut 's treasurer Eadsy gave land at "Orpedingetune" to the Monastery of Christ Church at Canterbury . The name means 'Orped's farmstead', Orped being an Anglo-Saxon first-name. The Church of All Saints was also built in the Anglo-Saxon period. On 22 July 1573, Queen Elizabeth I was entertained at Bark Hart (Orpington Priory) and her horses stabled at

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