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33-591: Wormser is a surname associated with Worms, Germany . Notable people with the surname include: André Wormser (1851–1926), French banker and Romantic composer Baron Wormser (born 1948), American poet Felix Wormser (died 1981), American engineer and government official Frances Dewey Wormser (1903–2008), American actress, entertainer, and vaudeville performer Lewis Wormser Harris (1812-1876), bill-broker, financier, member of Dublin Corporation, and member of

66-485: A specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wormser&oldid=1232564618 " Categories : Surnames German-language surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All set index articles Worms, Germany A pre-Roman foundation, Worms

99-470: Is classified roughly into ten categories: Tafelwein (dining wine), Landwein , QbA (as mentioned above), followed by QbP (with predicate), followed by Kabinett , Spätlese (late harvest), Auslese (special selection), Beerenauslese (lit. berry selection), and Trockenbeerenauslese (dry berry selection). Somewhat apart sits the Eiswein (ice wine), which is generally understood to be at least on par with

132-532: Is more common on labels of exported wine. The generic label Liebfraumilch is typically used to market vintages from anywhere in most of the major wine growing areas of Germany, the notable exception being Mosel . Wine with very similar characteristics but made from higher quality grapes can be labeled as Spätlese or Auslese . In the US and the UK, perhaps the best known example has been Blue Nun , which no longer uses

165-607: Is one of the oldest cities in northern Europe. It was the capital of the Kingdom of the Burgundians in the early fifth century, hence is the scene of the medieval legends referring to this period, notably the first part of the Nibelungenlied . Worms has been a Roman Catholic bishopric since at least 614, and was an important palatinate of Charlemagne . Worms Cathedral is one of the imperial cathedrals and among

198-694: The Liebfraumilch designation. The term Liebfraumilch is associated with low quality wine , and, consequently, the German wine classification requires it only to be at the Qualitätswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete (QbA) level—the third rank out of ten. However, it must also be from Rheinhessen, Pfalz, Nahe, or Rheingau, and the grapes must be at least 70% Riesling , Silvaner , or Müller-Thurgau , and it must have 18–40 grams per litre (0.00065–0.00145 lb/cu in) residual sugar . German wine

231-653: The Diet of Worms ) ended with the Edict of Worms , in which Martin Luther was declared a heretic after refusing to recant his religious beliefs. Worms was also the birthplace of the first Bibles of the Reformation, both Martin Luther's German Bible and William Tyndale 's first complete English New Testament by 1526. The Free Imperial City of Worms , known in medieval Hebrew by the name Varmayza or Vermaysa (ורמיזא, ורמישא),

264-479: The Beerenauslese , but helped with both Botryitis (as is the Beerenauslese ) in conjunction with natural cryo extraction (icewine grapes have to be processed at -7 °C). Overall, these quality levels are following extract per litre measures (density levels) as these are indicative of sugar levels. Blue Nun, as a result, sits at level 1 out of 8 and, despite its international success, is rarely considered in

297-919: The First French Republic during the French Revolutionary Wars . The Bishopric of Worms was secularized in 1801, with the city being annexed into the First French Empire . In 1815, Worms passed to the Grand Duchy of Hesse in accordance with the Congress of Vienna , and the city was subsequently administered within Rhenish Hesse . After the Battle of the Bulge in early 1945, Allied armies advanced into

330-688: The Latin name Vormatia , in use since the 6th century, which was preserved in the Medieval Hebrew form Vermayza (ורמייזא) and the contemporary Polish form Wormacja . It is pronounced in English as / ˈ v ɒ r m s / "vorms". Worms is located on the west bank of the River Rhine between the cities of Ludwigshafen and Mainz . On the northern edge of the city, the Pfrimm flows into

363-571: The Nine Years' War , Worms (like the nearby towns and cities of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Oppenheim , Speyer , and Bingen ) was sacked by troops of Louis XIV of France , though the French only held the city for a few weeks. In 1743, the Treaty of Worms was signed, forming a political alliance between Great Britain, Austria, and the Kingdom of Sardinia . In 1792, the city was occupied by troops of

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396-641: The Virgin Mary ) is a style of semi-sweet white German wine which may be produced, mostly for export, in the regions Rheinhessen , Palatinate , Rheingau , and Nahe . The original German spelling of the word is Liebfrauenmilch , given to the wine produced from the vineyards of the Liebfrauenkirche or "Church of Our Lady" in the Rhineland-Palatinate city of Worms since the eighteenth century. The spelling Liebfraumilch

429-770: The Burgundian army at the Battle of Worms (436), killing King Gunther. About 20,000 are said to have been killed. The Romans led the survivors southwards to the Roman district of Sapaudia (modern-day Savoy ). The story of this war later inspired the Nibelungenlied . The city appears on the Peutinger Map , dated to the fourth century. The bishopric of Worms existed by at least 614. In the Frankish Empire ,

462-560: The Dublin Hebrew Congregation Paul Wormser (1905–1944), French fencer Richard Wormser (1908–1977), American writer Sekl Loeb Wormser (1768-1846), German rabbi See also [ edit ] All pages with titles containing Wormser All pages with titles beginning with Wormser Wormser Dom [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with the surname Wormser . If an internal link intending to refer to

495-615: The Middle Ages. Its Jewish sites (along with those in Speyer and Mainz) were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2021. Today, the city is an industrial centre and is famed as the origin of Liebfraumilch wine. Its other industries include chemicals, metal goods, and fodder. Worms' name is of Celtic origin: Borbetomagus meant "settlement in a watery area". This was eventually transformed into

528-607: The Rhine, and on the southern edge, the Eisbach flows into the Rhine. Worms has 13 boroughs (or "quarters") around the city centre. They are: The climate in the Rhine Valley is cool in winter and very warm in summer. Rainfall is below average for the surrounding areas. Winter snow accumulation is low and often melts quickly. Worms was in ancient times a Celtic city named Borbetomagus , perhaps meaning "water meadow". Later it

561-644: The Rhineland in preparation for a massive assault into the heart of the Reich. Worms was a German strongpoint on the west bank of the Rhine, and the forces there resisted the Allied advance tenaciously. Worms was, thus, heavily bombed by the Royal Air Force and the U.S. Army Air Forces in two attacks on February 21 and March 18, 1945, respectively. A postwar survey estimated that 39% of the town's developed area

594-562: The Worms synagogue was firebombed. Eight corners of the building were set ablaze, and a Molotov cocktail was thrown at a window, but with no injuries. Kurt Beck , Minister-President of Rhineland-Palatinate, condemned the attack and vowed to mobilize all necessary resources to find the perpetrators, saying, "We will not tolerate such an attack on a synagogue". Worms is twinned with: Liebfraumilch Liebfraumilch or Liebfrauenmilch (German for 'Our Lady's Milk', in reference to

627-406: The capital of the Burgundian kingdom under Gunther (also known as Gundicar). Few remains of this early Burgundian kingdom survive, because in 436, it was all but destroyed by a combined army of Romans (led by Aëtius ) and Huns (led by Attila ); a belt clasp found at Worms-Abenheim is a museum treasure. Provoked by Burgundian raids against Roman settlements, the combined Romano-Hunnic army destroyed

660-536: The city became an imperial free city . The bishops resided at Ladenburg and only had jurisdiction over Worms Cathedral itself. In 1122, the Concordat of Worms was signed; the 1495 imperial diet met here and made an attempt at reforming the disintegrating Imperial Circle Estates by the Imperial Reform . Most important, among more than 100 imperial diets held at Worms, that of 1521 (commonly known as

693-503: The city until the Rhine crossings began after the seizure of the Remagen Bridge . In the attacks, 239 inhabitants were killed in the first and 141 in the second; 35,000 (60% of the population of 58,000) were made homeless. In all, 6,490 buildings were severely damaged or destroyed. After the war, the inner city was rebuilt, mostly in modern style. Around a third of Worms´s buildings is from before 1950. Postwar Worms became part of

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726-532: The city was the location of an important palace of Charlemagne. The bishops administered the city and its territory. The most famous of the early medieval bishops was Burchard of Worms . In 868, an important synod was held in Worms. Around 900, the circuit wall was rebuilt according to the wall-building ordinance of Bishop Thietlach . Worms prospered in the High Middle Ages. Having received far-reaching privileges from King Henry IV as early as 1074,

759-467: The domestic market. When a rack of wine topples over in the 1932 Hollywood film Downstairs , the wine cellar caretaker Otto ( Otto Hoffman ) laments a broken bottle of Liebfrauenmilch , very likely to be a subtle joke. In the book Desert Solitaire , by Edward Abbey , the author stops at a liquor store to purchase a bottle of liebfraumilch on his way to Mount Tukuhnikivatz . In the episode of Only Fools and Horses , "Dates", Del Boy mentions to

792-709: The finest examples of Romanesque architecture in Germany. Worms prospered in the High Middle Ages as an imperial free city . Among more than a hundred imperial diets held at Worms, the Diet of 1521 (commonly known as the Diet of Worms ) ended with the Edict of Worms , in which Martin Luther was declared a heretic . Worms is also one of the historical ShUM-cities as a cultural center of Jewish life in Europe during

825-483: The first time. For hundreds of years, until Kristallnacht in 1938, the Jewish Quarter of Worms was a centre of Jewish life. Worms today has only a very small Jewish population, and a recognizable Jewish community as such no longer exists. After renovations in the 1970s and 1980s, though, many of the buildings of the quarter can be seen in a close-to-original state, preserved as an outdoor museum. In 1689 during

858-494: The matchmaker that he would like a "refined" woman that can tell the difference between "Liebfraumilch and a can of Tizer ". “…Soon she did return with a bottle of liebframilch…” in the song lyrics of "Spill the Wine" by Eric Burdon and War (live video version, 1970. Note that various words throughout the live video version song differ from the original recorded version). In the book Confessions of Felix Krull by Thomas Mann ,

891-444: The modern period, the city name was written as Wormbs . The garrison grew into a small town with a regular Roman street plan, a forum, and temples for the main gods Jupiter , Juno , Minerva (whose temple was the site of the later cathedral), and Mars . Roman inscriptions, altars, and votive offerings can be seen in the archaeological museum, along with one of Europe's largest collections of Roman glass . Local potters worked in

924-535: The new state of Rhineland-Palatinate ; the borough Rosengarten, on the east bank of the Rhine, was lost to Hesse. Worms today fiercely vies with the cities Trier and Cologne for the title of "Oldest City in Germany". A multimedia Nibelungenmuseum was opened in 2001, and a yearly festival in front of the Dom , the Worms Cathedral , attempts to recapture the atmosphere of the pre-Christian period. In 2010,

957-551: The town's south quarter. Fragments of amphorae contain traces of olive oil from Hispania Baetica , doubtless transported by sea and then up the Rhine by ship. During the disorders of 411–413 AD, Roman usurper Jovinus established himself in Borbetomagus as a puppet-emperor with the help of King Gunther of the Burgundians , who had settled in the area between the Rhine and Moselle some years before. The city became

990-468: Was a centre of medieval Ashkenazic Judaism . The Jewish community was established there in the late 10th century, and Worms's first synagogue was erected in 1034. In 1096, 800 Jews were murdered by crusaders and the local mob. The Jewish Cemetery in Worms , dating from the 11th century, is believed to be the oldest surviving in situ cemetery in Europe . The Rashi Synagogue , which dates from 1175 and

1023-450: Was carefully reconstructed after its desecration on Kristallnacht , is the oldest in Germany. Prominent students, rabbis, and scholars of Worms include Shlomo Yitzhaki (Rashi) who studied with R. Yizhak Halevi, Meir of Rothenburg (Maharam), Elazar Rokeach , Maharil, and Yair Bacharach . At the rabbinical synod held at Worms at the turn of the 11th century, Rabbi Gershom ben Judah (Rabbeinu Gershom) explicitly prohibited polygamy for

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1056-631: Was conquered by the Germanic Vangiones . In 14 BC, Romans under the command of Drusus captured and fortified the city, and from that time onwards, a small troop of infantry and cavalry was garrisoned there. The Romans renamed the city as Augusta Vangionum , after the then-emperor and the local tribe. The name does not seem to have taken hold, however, and from Borbetomagus developed the German Worms and Latin Wormatia ; as late as

1089-399: Was destroyed. The RAF attack on Feb. 21 was aimed at the main railway station on the edge of the inner city, and at chemical plants southwest of the inner city, but also destroyed large areas of the city centre. Carried out by 334 bombers, the attack in a few minutes rained 1,100 tons of bombs on the inner city, and Worms Cathedral was among the buildings set on fire. The Americans did not enter

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