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84-589: Waterstones Booksellers Limited , trading as Waterstones (formerly Waterstone's ), is a British book retailer that operates 311 shops, mainly in the United Kingdom and also other nearby countries. As of February 2014, it employs around 3,500 staff in the UK and Europe. An average-sized Waterstones shop sells a range of approximately 30,000 individual books, as well as stationery and other related products. Established in 1982 by Tim Waterstone , after whom

168-481: A loyalty programme in South-West England and Wales. The scheme was successful, launching nationally as The Waterstones Card across its entire shop portfolio. Waterstones piloted a brand refresh exercise in selected shops, beginning with Manchester's Arndale Centre in 2007. On 19 November 2007, the chain closed its first branch on Old Brompton Road. Following a consultation, the company's supply chain

252-402: A 2016 interview, Daunt stated that Amazon "defines how Waterstones acts" and while Waterstones could not compete with the internet retailer digitally, it could offer a credible alternative, believing there was "a future in physical bookselling". Waterstones continued to look at "fixing the basics" during 2016, such as adjusting shop opening hours and harnessing data from the loyalty card as well as

336-420: A DBA must be registered with a local or state government, or both, depending on the jurisdiction. For example, California, Texas and Virginia require a DBA to be registered with each county (or independent city in the case of Virginia) where the owner does business. Maryland and Colorado have DBAs registered with a state agency. Virginia also requires corporations and LLCs to file a copy of their registration with

420-467: A DBA statement, though names including the first and last name of the owner may be accepted. This also reduces the possibility of two local businesses operating under the same name, although some jurisdictions do not provide exclusivity for a name, or may allow more than one party to register the same name. Note, though, that this is not a substitute for filing a trademark application. A DBA filing carries no legal weight in establishing trademark rights. In

504-439: A block the university had acquired after the war on Torrington Place , Gower Street and Malet Street . The block had been designed by architect Charles Fitzroy Doll and built in 1908 as a residential building with shops on the ground floor. Although the initial proposal for a partnership fell through, in 1956 Dillon was again approached by the university, and agreed to use her stock and goodwill from Store Street to purchase

588-493: A board of directors was announced, including Miranda Curtis as chairman. In September 2011, the bookseller announced that it intended to drop its 3-for-2 deal on books after a decade. The offer was replaced with a "bespoke offer", based on branches choosing their own pricing structures from available discounts. In January 2012, the company announced that it would be moving away from the branding developed in 2010 by agency VentureThree, and reverting to its original logo. This involved

672-443: A book-buying system which mixes central and local input on stock selection." On 31 May 2006, Waterstones announced that it had successfully negotiated the takeover of Ottakar's. HMV chief executive Alan Giles said: "A combined Waterstones and Ottakar's business will create an exciting, quality bookseller, able to respond better to the increasingly competitive pressures of the retail market." Ottakar's chairman Philip Dunne said: "Over

756-570: A collaboration with Next to have Waterstones within some Next stores. In April 2022, a new Waterstones within Next in Martlesham , Ipswich , was announced. In 2022, Waterstones purchased Blackwell's , the largest independent bookstore in the UK, for an undisclosed sum. The acquisition was done under US hedge fund Elliott Investment Management. Acquired in 1995 by the Thorn EMI group, Dillons

840-607: A customer was accidentally trapped in the Trafalgar Square branch after closing. Accounts for 2014 saw operating income losses narrow to £3.8 million, but sales slip by 5.9%. The ongoing strategic changes made to the way the business operates included the decision in October 2015, after three years on sale in shops, to remove the Kindle from its offer following "pitiful" sales and handing the retail space over to books. This

924-530: A depth of stock, the new owners Pentos rapidly rolled out the format across the country, ultimately building up a chain of 75 stores. In 1990 Dillons bought Hatchards , based in Piccadilly and the oldest bookshop in the UK. However, having overreached itself financially, Dillons was acquired by Thorn EMI, which already held the HMV chain, for £36 million. HMV acquired the larger Waterstones chain in 1998, and

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1008-478: A minority stake in a bookshop on the new site, on the understanding that the new shop would bear her name. The university contributed £11,000 in capital that it had obtained as an insurance payment for the death in a building accident of a workman who had no relatives. When it opened in 1956, Dillon's University Bookshop only occupied the small part of the building at 1 Malet St, and in its first year saw turnover of £30,000. Una Dillon retired as managing director of

1092-610: A new charity, BookTrust . By the end of 2013, Waterstones had cut its losses to £12.2 million, opened 12 further Café W outlets, and embarked on a capital investment in its shop portfolio of £29.5 million. In 2014, they opened new shops in Ringwood, Blackburn and Southwold, its first branch to be without Waterstones branding, as well as closing shops in Eastleigh and St Neots . Continued business strategy change saw further departures from head office in brand communication and PR and

1176-587: A rebuffed takeover attempt in 1997 of WHSmith, Tim Waterstone became part of the deal and by May 1998, following the £801 million-deal completion became chairman of the group. All Dillons shops were incorporated within the Waterstones brand by 1998. In September 2005, HMV Group began attempts to buy rival book chain Ottakar's . This alarmed publishers and authors, who hoped the Office of Fair Trading would refer

1260-601: A refreshed brand look, widely welcomed by the book trade. The retailer renewed its partnership with Oxfam to continue to raise money for the Syrian crisis, donating £5 for each "Book of the Month" sold in-shop during November 2016. Daunt made public his concern that the UK EU referendum was likely to impact on company sales due to an expected retail downturn following a 'no' vote. He later noted that sales had remained "buoyant" following

1344-418: A renewed agency contract for Waterstones' digital marketing with Epiphany. The retailer overhauled its business technology with new algorithms on its website to help personalise the online shopping experience, updated point-of-sale IT and by introducing contactless payment in its shops. The retailer partnered with Airbnb to hold a one-off "sleepover" for customers in its Piccadilly branch in October 2014 after

1428-457: A report on tax avoidance in the book industry, the magazine Ethical Consumer argued that A&NN Capital Fund Management, Waterstones' parent company in Bermuda , "likely to be for tax avoidance purposes". In response to this, Waterstones issued a clarification on their website reading "As a UK registered and domiciled business, Waterstones fulfils all its tax obligations. This will include both

1512-437: Is also the main sponsor of The Waterstones Children's Laureate , previously sponsored by Ottakar's. The 2011–2013 role saw the position carry the Waterstones branding for the first time, with the company stating it was 'up weighting [its] activity' and 'supporting the role in shops and online in different ways throughout the year and beyond.' Holders of the role during sponsorship include Julia Donaldson , Malorie Blackman and

1596-610: Is called a razón social . Dillons the Bookstore Dillons was a British bookseller founded in 1936, named after its founder and owner Una Dillon . Originally based in Bloomsbury in London , the company expanded under subsequent owners Pentos in the 1980s into a bookselling chain across the United Kingdom. In 1995 Pentos went into receivership and sold Dillons to Thorn EMI , which immediately closed 40 of

1680-424: Is too similar to a name that is already registered. Using one or more fictitious business names does not create additional separate legal entities. The distinction between a registered legal name and a fictitious business name, or trade name, is important because fictitious business names do not always identify the entity that is legally responsible . Legal agreements (such as contracts ) are normally made using

1764-481: Is used, among others, such as assumed business name or fictitious business name . In Canada , " operating as " (abbreviated to o/a ) and " trading as " are used, although " doing business as " is also sometimes used. A company typically uses a trade name to conduct business using a simpler name rather than using their formal and often lengthier name. Trade names are also used when a preferred name cannot be registered, often because it may already be registered or

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1848-664: The Amazon Kindle , but has since pulled out of this market for commercial reasons. Waterstones administers and supports various literary awards, including the Children's Laureate award and the Waterstones Children's Book Prize . The chain was founded in 1982 by Tim Waterstone after he took a £6,000 redundancy payout from WHSmith. He set up his first shop in Old Brompton Road , Kensington with

1932-551: The Sony Reader in an agreement that saw the booksellers' branches and Sony Centre shops stock the reader exclusively for two weeks after its release. Waterstones.com began to supply e-books in the .epub format. In November 2009, Waterstones moved into second-hand bookselling in a partnership with Alibris setting up an online reselling tool called Waterstones Marketplace , part of Waterstones.com. In January 2010, HMV Group announced that Waterstones like-for-like sales over

2016-466: The Syrian civil war crisis through a nationwide campaign called "Buy Books for Syria". Further changes to shops were made in 2015, with the closure of Wimbledon and Birmingham New Street , the opening of The Rye Bookshop and a return to Welwyn Garden City . The company reported an operating income of £5.4 million and a further narrowing of losses to £4.5 million from £18.8 million the previous year. In

2100-466: The United Kingdom , there is no filing requirement for a "business name", defined as "any name under which someone carries on business" that, for a company or limited liability partnership, "is not its registered name", but there are requirements for disclosure of the owner's true name and some restrictions on the use of certain names. A minority of U.S. states, including Washington , still use

2184-999: The "real living wage". Waterstones maintains and supports various literary awards, including the Waterstones Book of the Year , the Waterstones Children's Book Prize , the Waterstones Debut Fiction Prize , Waterstones Irish Book of the Year, the Pushkin House Russian Book Prize, and the Waterstones Children's Laureate , as well as now-defunct awards including the Waterstones 11 and the Guardian First Book Award . The company has also received various industry and consumer awards. The prize, which has been running since 2012, sees booksellers from across

2268-596: The 140 Dillons bookstore locations. Of the remaining 100 stores, most kept the name Dillons, while the remainder were Hatchards and Hodges Figgis . Within Thorn EMI, Dillons was placed in the HMV Group , which had been a division of Thorn EMI since 1986. EMI demerged from Thorn in August 1996, and Dillons-HMV remained an EMI holding. Dillons was subsumed under rival chain Waterstones ' branding in 1999, at which point

2352-625: The British press. Amazon has received sustained scrutiny for the amount of its overall sales that are reported by its UK subsidiary, in comparison to those "processed offshore in Luxembourg to avoid UK tax". In the 2012–13 financial year, Amazon paid £3.2 million in tax on sales of £4.2 billion and received £2.5 million in grants from the government. In the same period, it was revealed that Waterstones paid £11.9 million in tax, despite an operating loss of £25.4 million and sales of £410.4 million. In

2436-518: The Christmas period were down 8.5 per cent on the previous year. This culminated in the resignation of managing director Gerry Johnson, with immediate effect. He was replaced by development director Dominic Myers, who was managing director of the British academic bookselling chain Blackwells until 2005. Myers joined HMV in 2006 to oversee the integration of Ottakar's into the chain. In response to

2520-418: The U.S., trademark rights are acquired by use in commerce, but there can be substantial benefits to filing a trademark application. Sole proprietors are the most common users of DBAs. Sole proprietors are individual business owners who run their businesses themselves. Since most people in these circumstances use a business name other than their own name, it is often necessary for them to get DBAs. Generally,

2604-525: The UK, founded in 1797), and Foyles (a chain of seven bookshops in England). In April 2018, hedge fund Elliott Management Corporation bought a majority stake in the company. The bookseller has concession agreements with Paperchase and previously with coffee chains Costa Coffee and Starbucks in some shops, but since 2012 has introduced its own Café W brand. For a time, Waterstones sold e-readers , including in 2012 partnering with Amazon to sell

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2688-467: The Waterstones chain by September 2008. In September 2018, Waterstones confirmed it would buy 115-year-old Foyles , with seven stores, while retaining the brand. James Daunt said the purchase would help "to protect and champion the pleasures of real bookshops in the face of Amazon's siren call". In February 2022, Waterstones acquired Blackwell's for an undisclosed sum. Tim Waterstone and James Daunt have been critical of tax avoidance by Amazon.com in

2772-470: The ambition of creating a "different breed of bookshop", using techniques he had seen in the United States. He used literary authors in front-of-shop displays and employed highly literate staff. The model proved successful and the chain set about expanding its shop portfolio. In 1990 WHSmith took a strong minority stake in the chain, and ten years after its birth, by 1992, Waterstone's had grown to be

2856-470: The brand ceased to exist. Dillon's Bookshop was founded by Una Dillon in 1936 at 9 Store Street , between Gower Street and Tottenham Court Road in Bloomsbury . Dillon had become involved in the book trade through running bookstalls for the Central Association for Mental Welfare after graduating from Bedford College, London . Determined to build a career in bookselling she persuaded

2940-415: The business in 1967 – by which time the shop occupied the entire building and had an annual turnover of over £1m – but she remained as a board member until 1977. Her place as managing director was taken by Peter Stockham. then followed a period when Dillons was controlled by the unions (Actss). Then in 1977, Grant Paton, from Glasgow, was appointed managing director by the then owners, University of London. It

3024-407: The business. Numbered companies will very often operate as something other than their legal name, which is unrecognizable to the public. In Chile , a trade name is known as a nombre de fantasía ('fantasy' or 'fiction' name), and the legal name of business is called a razón social (social name). In Ireland , businesses are legally required to register business names where these differ from

3108-545: The company select a shortlist of books from any category, published at any time, before the winner is chosen by panel. Waterstones continued the Ottakar's Children's Book Prize under its own brand and since 2005, the Waterstone's Children's Book Prize has attempted "to uncover hidden talent in children's writing" by awarding authors with no more than two previously published books (adult or children's fiction). Waterstones

3192-476: The company was named, the bookseller expanded rapidly until being sold in 1993 to WHSmith . In 1998, Waterstones was bought by a consortium of Waterstone, EMI and Advent International . The company was taken under the umbrella of HMV Group , which later merged the Dillons and Ottakar's brands into the company. Following several poor sets of results for the group, HMV put the chain up for sale. In May 2011, it

3276-485: The company's branches and on its website, with an intention to "make the Kindle experience better". This announcement was received with surprise across the book industry as it had been suggested that Waterstones was developing a partnership with Barnes & Noble to launch the Nook in the UK, or that the company was developing its own device, but Daunt "ultimately rejected" other avenues as Waterstones "would have been out of

3360-602: The company. This consultation led to Head Office staff departures and around 200 branch and regional managers leaving their posts. Waterstones launched a number of new partnerships through the year, including with the University of Derby to launch a professional qualification programme for its staff, with the Folio Society to extend customer reach and stock selection in London-based bookshops, and partnering with

3444-427: The connection with the retailer. Commentators were split on the ethics of the decision to open unbranded shops, but it was noted that at no point had attempts been made to hide the connection to the retailer. In interviews, James Daunt denied any "subterfuge" and said he wanted for the shops to behave as independent retailers do and have their own identity. He further stated that more unbranded shops were likely to open in

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3528-534: The county or city to be registered with the State Corporation Commission. DBA statements are often used in conjunction with a franchise . The franchisee will have a legal name under which it may sue and be sued, but will conduct business under the franchiser's brand name (which the public would recognize). A typical real-world example can be found in a well-known pricing mistake case, Donovan v. RRL Corp. , 26 Cal. 4th 261 (2001), where

3612-502: The current holder, Chris Riddle . The Waterstones Debut Fiction Prize, established in 2022, is an annual literary award presented to the best debut fiction published in the previous 12 months. Trading as In a number of countries, the phrase " trading as " (abbreviated to t/a ) is used to designate a trade name. In the United States , the phrase " doing business as " (abbreviated to DBA , dba , d.b.a. , or d/b/a )

3696-551: The decision to leave the European Union, but remained pessimistic for the future. Accounts show that in the year ending April 2016, Waterstones made its first profit in seven years, of £11.7 million. This included increased profits in Ireland, with sales rising 7% over the year, with the company expressing a desire to open more shops in Ireland. The management board was reduced from seven members to three in August 2016, with

3780-561: The decline in sales, he implemented a three-year plan in which branches were tailored to their local market alongside a 'rejuvenation' of the company brand and an increase in range. As part of these changes, Waterstones implemented new branding in May 2010, developed by agency VentureThree. The company also moved to support the Rainbow Trust , which provides support to children with life-threatening and terminal illnesses and their families, in

3864-632: The departure of Miranda Curtis and a statement that the future composition was under review. Waterstones announced it had raised £300,000 for BookTrust in three years since partnering, and would continue the partnership for a fourth year. In April 2018, hedge fund Elliott Management Corporation bought a majority stake in the company, leaving Alexander Mamut 's Lynwood Investments with a minority holding. The sale completed in early June 2018. Daunt remained as chief executive. In 2021, an article in The Bookseller reported that Waterstones were planning

3948-533: The end of 2011. In May 2011, HMV Group announced the sale of Waterstones to A&NN Capital Fund Management, a fund controlled by Russian businessman Alexander Mamut for £53 million. The takeover was welcomed by publishers as "a step forward to re-establishing a proper physical presence". On 29 June 2011, the sale of Waterstones was completed and approved by the vast majority of shareholders at an emergency general meeting. Mamut appointed James Daunt , founder of Daunt Books , as managing director and, in October 2011,

4032-515: The first time in the UK along with older models. The Kindles were tailored with Waterstones screensavers, which led to some complaints and customers attempting to return their devices. The release of the Kindle coincided with a relaunch of the company's brand in the same month, pushing the message that the chain was the "nation's leading bookshop" and producing an exclusive anthology, the Waterstones Red Anthology , to help promote

4116-630: The future. Waterstones has worked with the British Safety Council to consider its environmental impact, including factors beyond its carbon footprint. After a 2008 audit, the Council awarded Waterstones three out of a possible five stars for environmental impact. As of March 2019, Waterstones does not pay the "real living wage", as recommended by the Living Wage Foundation , and a rate significantly higher than

4200-576: The largest bookseller group in Europe. WHSmith then acquired the company in 1993 at an enterprise value of £47m, paying £5.27 a share on 8.1m 10p shares, a 53x multiple for the early-stage investors. Under WHSmith, Waterstones pursued international expansion, opening its first US shop in Boston in 1991, as well as further domestic expansion—opening its 100th UK shop in a former chapel in Reading . The chain

4284-402: The last year the book market has undergone a significant change with new levels of competition from the supermarkets and online retailers impacting all specialist booksellers and in particular those with insufficient scale to compete on equal terms." Following the takeover, HMV announced that they would be rebranding every branch of Ottakar's as a Waterstones. In July 2006, a conversion programme

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4368-402: The law is to protect the public from fraud, by compelling the business owner to first file or register his fictitious business name with the county clerk, and then making a further public record of it by publishing it in a newspaper. Several other states, such as Illinois , require print notices as well. In Uruguay , a trade name is known as a nombre fantasía , and the legal name of business

4452-399: The legal name of business is called a razón social (social name). In Brazil , a trade name is known as a nome fantasia ('fantasy' or 'fiction' name), and the legal name of business is called razão social (social name). In some Canadian jurisdictions , such as Ontario , when a businessperson writes a trade name on a contract, invoice, or cheque, they must also add the legal name of

4536-448: The market" before their implementation. It was also announced in May 2012 that the company would begin a refurbishment plan, with Mamut "investing tens of millions of pounds" to fund the refit of a planned 100 shops before the end of the year. The plan saw the introduction of wi-fi into shops, reorganisation of shop sections and space dedicated areas for Kindle devices, and a number of own-brand coffee shops called Café W . The Café W brand

4620-477: The move sparked outrage on Twitter , involving debate on whether the move was grammatically incorrect or not. Linguist David Crystal on his blog added: " ... if Waterstone's wants to become Waterstones, that's up to the firm. It's nothing to do with expressing possession or plurality or anything to do with meaning." In the same month, Waterstones confirmed plans to open a Russian-language bookshop in its Piccadilly branch, intending to stock 5,000 titles, with

4704-461: The named defendant, RRL Corporation, was a Lexus car dealership doing business as " Lexus of Westminster ", but remaining a separate legal entity from Lexus, a division of Toyota Motor Sales, USA, Inc. . In California , filing a DBA statement also requires that a notice of the fictitious name be published in local newspapers for some set period of time to inform the public of the owner's intent to operate under an assumed name . The intention of

4788-646: The nearby University of London and Froebel College evacuated from London, but instead of closing for the war Dillon maintained contact with her customers and shipped orders to their new locations in Cardiff , Leicester and Hertfordshire , while also building a new customer base with the staff of the Ministry of Information who were now established in Senate House . When her shop suffered bomb damage she temporarily operated from an empty shop opposite. After

4872-421: The official National Living Wage . More than 1,300 writers backed a campaign to ask Waterstones to pay the "real living wage". In response Waterstone managing director James Daunt said the company was "simply not profitable enough" and that "there's a long gap between wanting to do something and it being remotely sensible". Waterstones said that only Ikea , Majestic and Lush or other similar large retailers pay

4956-596: The owner of a failing bookshop to sell her the business for £800, borrowing £600 off her father and £200 from a friend. Dillon stocked both academic and general titles, believing that specialisation stifled curiosity, and the shop prospered catering to the needs of staff and students of the nearby University of London . Dillon would deliver books herself by bicycle within eight hours and the shop began to attract bibliophiles, with regular customers including Cecil Day-Lewis and John Betjeman , who would also become Dillon's personal friends. The outbreak of World War II saw

5040-557: The payment and reporting of all necessary UK taxes, as set out under UK tax legislation." In the 2013–14 financial period, the first full year under A&NN, Waterstones reported sales to Companies House of £398.5 million and an operating loss of £12.2 million. Waterstones opened its first non-branded shop in Southwold , Suffolk in July 2014 called Southwold Books. The company decided not to use its branding as it wished to 'fit in' with

5124-533: The refurbishment of physical shops, including the Canterbury branch, and work on its e-commerce routes through improvements to product ranking. Shops in Oxford Street Plaza, Edinburgh George Street and Reading Oracle were closed, Harpenden Books, Glasgow Fort and Tottenham Court Road were opened and Wimbledon and Watford were reopened in new sites. The newly opened shops benefitted from

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5208-403: The registered legal name of the business. If a corporation fails to consistently adhere to such important legal formalities like using its registered legal name in contracts, it may be subject to piercing of the corporate veil . In English , trade names are generally treated as proper nouns . In Argentina , a trade name is known as a nombre de fantasía ('fantasy' or 'fiction' name), and

5292-505: The removal of the apostrophe from its name because, James Daunt argued, "Waterstones without an apostrophe is, in a digital world of URLs and email addresses, a more versatile and practical spelling". This decision received media coverage, in which the company was subject to criticism. John Richards, of the Apostrophe Protection Society , said that the change was "just plain wrong" and "grammatically incorrect" while

5376-434: The same year, the booksellers' online operation, Waterstones.co.uk, was franchised to Amazon.com , with the company expressing a desire "to concentrate on its high street and campus shops". The move resulted in the loss of 50 jobs. In 2003, Waterstones announced it was supporting Dyslexia Action as its chosen charity, helping to raise awareness and understanding for dyslexia. In 2006, Giles stepped down from his position and

5460-727: The same year. After an announcement that profits would be at the lower end of analysts' forecasts due to falling sales and a share price fall of 20%, HMV Group indicated its intention to close a number of Waterstones branches in January 2011. These shop closures, including two in Dublin , Republic of Ireland and nine others across the United Kingdom occurred in February 2011. Further branch closures in Luton , Dorking , Lancaster University , Harrods , Gateshead and Norwich Arcade were completed by

5544-524: The shop being entirely staffed by Russian-speaking booksellers. The concession, named The Russian Bookshop , opened in March 2012. Following a decision in late 2011 to scrap an e-reading offer in-branch, it was announced in May 2012 that Waterstones would be selling the Amazon Kindle across its estate. James Daunt launched the new agreement with Amazon stating that Waterstones would be offering "e-reading services and offer Kindle digital devices" throughout

5628-464: The shops. By the end of 2012, the Waterstones estate had shrunk to 288 shops, with "commercial reasons" given for the closure of branches in Bromsgrove , Stevenage , Watford , Fleet Street , High Holborn and Epsom among others, with staff being redeployed where possible. In 2012, Daunt stated that future expansion was being considered, based on the performance of the company. The accounts for

5712-459: The surname(s) of the sole trader or partners, or the legal name of a company. The Companies Registration Office publishes a searchable register of such business names. In Japan , the word yagō ( 屋号 ) is used. In Colonial Nigeria , certain tribes had members that used a variety of trading names to conduct business with the Europeans. Two examples were King Perekule VII of Bonny , who

5796-592: The takeover bid to the Competition Commission . In March 2006, the Competition Commission cleared Waterstones for takeover of the Ottakar's, stating that the takeover would "not result in a substantial lessening of competition", and is "not likely to affect book prices, range of titles offered or quality of service". Through extensive research, they also found that "contrary to widespread perception, Waterstones, like Ottakar's, operates

5880-469: The term trade name to refer to "doing business as" (DBA) names. In most U.S. states now, however, DBAs are officially referred to using other terms. Almost half of the states, including New York and Oregon , use the terms assumed business name or assumed name ; nearly as many, including Pennsylvania , use the term fictitious name . For consumer protection purposes, many U.S. jurisdictions require businesses operating with fictitious names to file

5964-696: The town's high proportion of independent retailers, but this move drew anger from local residents at the time as they viewed the move as "dishonest" and said that local shop rents were being increased because of retail chains moving in and this subsequently was "changing the character of the high street". Non-branded Waterstones became an issue again in 2016 at a national level, following newspaper reports about not only Southwold Books but two further shops, The Rye Bookshop in Sussex and Harpenden Books in Hertfordshire , being opened and local residents not realising

6048-465: The war Dillon increasingly focused on educational titles and her shop became an important supplier of books to students from the Commonwealth of Nations . Further expansion was impossible without outside support, however, and Dillon was one of several booksellers approached by the University of London , who were looking to form a partnership to open a bookshop alongside a chemist and a newsagent in

6132-459: The year to 2012 showed Waterstones, prior- and post-acquisition had made losses of £37.3 million. Started in 2012 was an overhaul of the company's business strategy, with centralised decision-making giving way to shop-based decisions and a renewed emphasis on traditional bookselling techniques. Waterstones embarked on a major restructuring of staffing levels, with a company-wide consultation with 560 managerial staff to subsequently reduce roles within

6216-615: Was announced that A&NN Capital Fund Management, owned by Russian billionaire Alexander Mamut , had bought the chain for £53.5m and appointed James Daunt as managing director. The company is incorporated in England and Wales as Waterstones Booksellers Ltd , with its registered office at 203–206 Piccadilly , London (which is also the location of its flagship shop ). Waterstones also owns Hodges Figgis (the oldest bookshop in Ireland , founded in 1768), Hatchards (the oldest bookshop in

6300-547: Was appointed chairman of the group but stood down in 2001, citing "concerns for the way the company was being run", and was replaced by Alan Giles . A year later, all Dillons shops were rebranded as Waterstones, with some sold to rival Ottakar's , making the brand defunct. The chain had also begun pulling out of its US overseas venture. In 2001, Waterstones launched the Waterstones Books Quarterly magazine, containing book reviews and author interviews. In

6384-524: Was followed, after a failed attempt to buy BlinkBox books from Tesco in January 2015, with Waterstones announcing it had sold its e-book business to Rakuten Kobo Inc. in May 2016, subsequently directing customers who had purchased e-books through the retailer to access their e-books via Kobo's eBook site. This sale represented an exit from the e-book and e-reader market for Waterstones after eight years and multiple platforms. The company partnered with Oxfam in 2015 to raise £1 million for those impacted by

6468-769: Was initiated and within four months, every Ottakar's shop had been relaunched as a Waterstones and had seen the loss of 100 jobs. In August 2008, the now-defunct Borders chain agreed to sell eight Books Etc. shops to Waterstones for an undisclosed sum. The takeover, which represented 34,000 square feet (3,200 m) of retail space and incurred no staff losses, increased Waterstones' presence within London to almost 50 shops, "crucially [in] areas that are not represented by Waterstones bookshops". The shops, in Fleet Street , London Wall, Holborn , Wandsworth , Uxbridge , Finchley Road and Canary Wharf , were rebranded and merged into

6552-553: Was known as Captain Pepple in trade matters, and King Jubo Jubogha of Opobo , who bore the pseudonym Captain Jaja . Both Pepple and Jaja would bequeath their trade names to their royal descendants as official surnames upon their deaths. In Singapore , there is no filing requirement for a "trading as" name, but there are requirements for disclosure of the underlying business or company's registered name and unique entity number. In

6636-485: Was overhauled in 2008, with the implementation of a 150,000-square-foot (14,000 m) warehouse and distribution centre in Burton-upon-Trent . Existing direct-to-store deliveries from suppliers were replaced by a centralised warehouse capable of receiving merchandise and sorting an estimated 70 million books per year, and 200 staff were made redundant by the process. In September 2008, Waterstones began selling

6720-699: Was part of the eventual dismantling of the Net Book Agreement , when in 1991, following a promotion by then-rivals Dillons , the company decided to pursue its own discounting promotion on selected titles. By 1997, the agreement had collapsed and been declared illegal. Following an attempt by Tim Waterstone in 1997 to buy the entire WHSmith group, WHSmith sold the Waterstones chain for £300 million to HMV Media plc (now HMV Group )—a joint venture between EMI, Advent International and Tim Waterstone. This included high-street brands HMV and rival Dillons , creating an international entertainment retailer. Waterstone

6804-587: Was replaced by Gerry Johnson as managing director of Waterstones and Simon Fox as group CEO. In April 2006, following two bids by Permira for the group, Tim Waterstone attempted to buy back the company from HMV for £256 million, but later withdrew his offer, specifying that the conditions set by HMV were "too punitive" to accept. A strategic review in September saw Waterstones pull out of its franchise agreement with Amazon to re-launch its online business, Waterstones.com , independently. The chain also began to pilot

6888-404: Was taken over shortly afterwards by Pentos . Back in private hands by the mid-1980s, the store undertook a major makeover and modernisation, announcing its relaunch with the advertising poster "Foyled again? Try Dillons" displayed prominently on the bus shelter opposite its London rival Foyles . Inspired by the success of Waterstones, demonstrating the potential for large modern bookshops with

6972-721: Was the UK's second-largest bookseller behind Waterstones and was the bookselling arm of EMI's retail division, which included HMV . Dillons had acquired Hatchards . Following the demerger of Thorn and EMI in 1996, the retail arm was divested from the EMI portfolio within a year and spun off into the HMV Media Group, an investment venture between EMI Group and Advent International private equity group. This venture included HMV, Dillons and Waterstones (the latter bought from WHSmith for £300 million), combining to make an international entertainment retailer of more than 500 shops. Following

7056-528: Was trialled in the Sutton branch, with an expressed aim for around 130 shops over a three-year period to be fitted with a café. The announcement also noted the introduction of a "click-and-collect" service. The Amazon Kindle officially launched in-branch in October 2012 with an "outdoor and press advertising campaign" promoting the launch, with the Kindle Fire and Kindle Paperwhite model going on sale for

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