14-611: Wadi Muqaddam is a dry water course some 320 km extending from beyond Omdurman north to the great bend of the Nile near Korti . It gives its name to the geological Wadi Milk Formation . Delimiting the Bayuda Desert to the west it still flows during rainy seasons. Some scholars assume Wadi Muqaddam as a former channel of the White Nile . Mesolithic pottery and lithics (stone tools and their manufacturing debris) from
28-421: A hot arid climate , with only the summer months seeing noticeable precipitation. The city averages a little over 155 millimetres (6.1 in) of precipitation per year. Based on annual mean temperatures, the city is one of the hottest major cities in the world. Temperatures routinely exceed 40 °C (104 °F) in mid-summer. Its average annual high temperature is 37.1 °C (99 °F), with six months of
42-435: A new airport facility had been proposed 30 miles (50 km) south of Omdurman. Arguably speaking to be within the non-defined boundaries of Omdurman, the project was estimated to be completed by 2012 with an estimated budget of $ 530 million. Construction began in 2019 but as of 2021 had been suspended. Khartoum Airport Khartoum International Airport ( IATA : KRT , ICAO : HSSK ) ( Arabic : مطار الخرطوم الدولي )
56-557: Is scheduled to be replaced by the New Khartoum International Airport in Omdourman 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of the centre of Khartoum. This is planned to have two 4,000 metres (13,000 ft) runways, a passenger terminal of 86,000 m (930,000 sq ft) and a 300-room international hotel. Construction is to be carried out by China Harbour Engineering Co. (CHEC). On 4 March 2021,
70-645: Is the principal airport in Khartoum , the capital of Sudan . The airport has been shut down since it was stormed and occupied on 15 April 2023 during the Battle of Khartoum . The airport originated as the Royal Air Force airfield Gordon's Tree . By January 1940, No. 223 Squadron RAF was located at Gordon's Tree, in the south of Khartoum. Later the area became known as El Shajjara (" The Tree "). By January 1942, No. 71 Operational Training Unit (OTU) RAF
84-618: The Battle of Omdurman in 1898 (which actually took place in the nearby village of Kerreri), Lord Kitchener decisively defeated the Mahdist forces . The following year British forces defeated Abdallahi ibn Muhammad , the Khalifa , as the Battle of Umm Diwaykarat ; ensuring British control over the Sudan. In September 1898, the British army of twenty thousand well drilled men equipped with
98-785: The Holocene and the Middle Stone Age have been found in Wadi Muqaddam . In the north of the wadi there is the archaeological site of Al-Meragh . Omdurman Omdurman ( Arabic : أم درمان , romanized : Umm Durmān ) is a major city in Sudan . It is the second most populous city in the country, located in the State of Khartoum . Omdurman lies on the west bank of the River Nile , opposite and northwest of
112-459: The British side with forty-eight British soldiers losing their lives. Then, General Kitchener proceeded to order the desecration of the Mahdi's tomb and in the words of Winston Churchill , "carried off the Mahdi's head in a kerosene can as a trophy". Kitchener restored Khartoum as the capital and, from 1899 until 1956 Sudan was jointly governed by Great Britain and Egypt. Although most of the city
126-651: The airport's ICAO code was changed from HSSS to HSSK . At the start of the Sudanese civil war (2023–present) on 15 April 2023, the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) attacked key installations in Khartoum, including Khartoum International Airport. The RSF reportedly fired on a Saudia airliner which was arriving at the airport, but no casualties were reported among the aircraft's passengers and crew. However, two civilians were killed in separate incidents in
140-480: The capital city of Khartoum . It is on the Nile river and acts as an important road hub, with the Nile boosting transportation even further. The name Omdurman ( Umm Durmān ) literally translates as "Mother of Durmān", but who she was or might have been is unknown. After the siege of Khartoum , followed by the building there of the tomb of the Mahdi after his death from typhus , the city grew rapidly. However, in
154-512: The latest arms, Maxim guns and Martini-Henry rifles under the command of General Horatio Herbert Kitchener invaded Sudan . In the battle of Omdurman, the British Army faced Sudanese defenders consisting of over 52,000 poorly armed desert tribesmen dervishes; in the space of five hours the battle was over. The Sudanese defenders suffered many casualties, with at least 10,000 killed. By contrast there were fewer than four hundred casualties on
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#1732775955476168-533: The year seeing an average monthly high temperature of at least 38 °C (100 °F). Furthermore, throughout the year, none of its monthly average high temperatures falls below 30 °C (86 °F). During the months of January and February, while daytime temperatures are generally very warm, nights are relatively cool, with average low temperatures just above 15 °C (59 °F). Public universities are: Private universities are: Khartoum Airport serves Omdurman. According to Sudanese officials, in 2005
182-515: Was destroyed in the battle, the Mahdi's tomb was restored and refurbished. On 10 May 2008, the Darfur rebel group of the Justice and Equality Movement moved into the city where they engaged in heavy fighting with Sudanese government forces. Their goal was to topple Omar Hassan al-Bashir 's government. During the Sudanese civil war , the Battle of Omdurman broke out. Omdurman features
196-575: Was operating from the airfield; among aircraft operated were Curtiss Tomahawks and Vickers Wellesleys . Reportedly the OTU had at one stage 50 Harvards and 20 Hurricane fighters on strength. Sudanese independence was granted in January 1956. The last Royal Air Force flying unit reported at Khartoum was No. 8 Squadron RAF , which arrived in November 1953, and stayed until July 1956. The current airport
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