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35-544: Walna Scar is the highest of Wainwright 's The Outlying Fells of Lakeland . He describes an ascent from Coniston, continuing past the main summit to a second summit at White Maiden before returning to the south. Walna Scar can be climbed from Coniston or from the Duddon Valley . Both routes meet at the top pass of the Walna Scar Road, a restricted byway , and then head south to the summit. Walna Scar road

70-468: A heart attack . According to his biographer, Hunter Davies , he left everything, including his house and royalty income, to Betty. His son Peter received nothing. Wainwright started work on the first page of his Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells on 9 November 1952. He planned the precise scope and content of the seven volumes and worked conscientiously and meticulously on the series for

105-615: A child Wainwright walked a great deal, up to 20 miles (32 kilometres) at a time; he showed a great interest in drawing and cartography , producing his own maps of England and his local area. In 1930, at the age of 23, Wainwright saved up for a week's walking holiday in the Lake District with his cousin Eric Beardsall. They arrived in Windermere and climbed the nearby Orrest Head , where Wainwright saw his first view of

140-641: A founding member of the Wainwright Society, wrote and devised a dramatic presentation of his life and works which was presented at the Wildman Theatre at Ilkley Playhouse as part of the Ilkley Literature Festival on 15 October 2009. During 2010 and 2011 a further 17 presentations were made. In 2013, a memorial toposcope was unveiled on the hills near his home town of Blackburn. A pedestrian area of Kendal, including

175-686: A religion includes the idea of a ' Church ', not necessarily in the Christian formulation, but insisting on the notion of an organized hierarchy constituting a palpable religious body. The Abrahamic religions are all largely considered organized (including Christianity , Islam , Judaism , and the Baháʼí Faith ). Religions that are not organized religions, or only loosely so, include several Eastern religions such as Confucianism , Shinto , some types of Buddhism like Secular Buddhism , and Hinduism in some senses, particularly in its lack of

210-434: A view of Kendal Castle from the front window. He lived and worked in the town for the rest of his life, serving as Borough Treasurer from 1948 until he retired in 1967. His first marriage ended when Ruth left three weeks before he retired (suspecting him of infidelity) and they divorced. In 1970 he married Betty McNally (1922–2008), a divorcée, who became his walking companion and who carried his ashes to Innominate Tarn at

245-572: Is religion in which belief systems and rituals are systematically arranged and formally established , typically by an official doctrine (or dogma ), a hierarchical or bureaucratic leadership structure, and a codification of proper and improper behavior . Organized religion is distinguished from the broader idea of religion especially in anthropology , sociology and philosophy . American philosopher William James considered organized religion to be distinct from and secondary to religion in and of itself, stating that "out of religion in

280-556: Is a scheme whereby amateur radio enthusiasts aim to make contact with or from the Wainwright summits. Wainwright was a supporter of animal rights and explained that the publisher of his books gave most of the profits from his books to animal charities. In 1972 he became chairman of Animal Rescue Cumbria, and donated enough money to enable the foundation in 1984 of Kapellan, a shelter for stray cats and dogs in Kendal. After his death

315-617: The Howgill Fells were published by Frances Lincoln between 2010 and 2014, with the amendments again being made by Chris Jesty. The publishers announced in 2014 that Clive Hutchby, the author of The Wainwright Companion , was working on the third edition of the Pictorial Guide , with the first volume, The Eastern Fells , published on 26 March 2015 followed by The Far Eastern Fells on 8 October 2015. These revised versions are titled 'Walkers Editions'. Subsequent volumes in

350-477: The Neolithic era with the rise of wide-scale civilization and agriculture . Organized religions may include a state's official religion , or state church . However, most political states have any number of organized religions practiced within their jurisdiction. Due to their structured, standardized, and easily proliferated form, organized religions comprise many of the world's major religious groups . In

385-466: The Pennine Way , rivalling the official guide book by Tom Stephenson . Wainwright's book consists of a continuous strip map of the route with accompanying commentary, with an unusual quirk: because the route goes from south to north (bottom to top on a map), contrary to normal reading order, the map and commentary start at the bottom of the last page and work upwards and backwards towards the front of

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420-501: The 1990s. When they ceased publication in 2003, the rights were bought by Frances Lincoln . Between 2005 and 2009, all the Pictorial Guides were updated for the first time, to take account of changed conditions on the fells. The revisions were made by Chris Jesty , and the publishers used an imitation font of Wainwright's hand lettering to make the alterations look as unobtrusive as possible. The most notable changes were

455-697: The Lake District into seven areas, and choice of fells to include, have been followed in whole or in part by subsequent writers such as Mark Richards. The Coast to Coast Walk is one of the most popular long-distance footpaths in the United Kingdom despite its lack of official status, and has spawned various guidebooks by other authors. In 2003 it was voted the second best walk in the world in a survey of experts conducted by Country Walking magazine. The popularity of Wainwright's books of drawings and large-format photographic books has not matched that of

490-594: The Lakeland fells . This moment marked the start of what he later described as his love affair with the Lake District. In 1931 he married his first wife, Ruth Holden, a mill worker, with whom he had a son, Peter. In 1941 Wainwright moved closer to the fells when he took a job (and a pay cut) at the Borough Treasurer's office in Kendal , Westmorland . His first home in the town was 19 Castle Grove, which boasted

525-531: The Lakeland Fells , published between 1955 and 1966 and consisting entirely of reproductions of his manuscript, has become the standard reference work to 214 of the fells of the English Lake District . Among his 40-odd other books is the first guide to the Coast to Coast Walk , a 182-mile (293-kilometre) long-distance footpath devised by Wainwright which remains popular today. Alfred Wainwright

560-567: The North of England. The quarry can still be seen today on the slopes overlooking the Duddon Valley. This Cumbria location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Alfred Wainwright Alfred Wainwright MBE (17 January 1907 – 20 January 1991), who preferred to be known as A. Wainwright or A.W. , was a British fellwalker , guidebook author and illustrator. His seven-volume Pictorial Guide to

595-449: The book. The guide was prepared with the aid of four helpers (Harry Appleyard, Len Chadwick, Cyril Moore and Lawrence Smith) and its preparation was affected by the major outbreaks of foot and mouth disease in 1966 and 1967, which closed access to many of the moors. In 1972 Wainwright devised the west–east Coast to Coast Walk , as an alternative to the north–south Pennine Way. The Coast to Coast, he declares in his guidebook, which follows

630-602: The early impressions. Another friend, Sandy Hewitson (of Bateman and Hewitson Ltd), agreed to print the books using Wainwright's original manuscript, although the printing was done by the Westmorland Gazette in Kendal, who had taken over Bateman and Hewitson Ltd. From 1963, the Westmorland Gazette became his publisher, and its name appears on the first impressions of Books Six and Seven. Wainwright's books were in turn taken over by Michael Joseph in

665-561: The guides. The 214 fells described in the Pictorial Guides are now generally known as the Wainwrights , and visiting them all is a common form of peak bagging . The Long Distance Walkers Association maintains a register of walkers who have completed the Wainwrights; as of 2013 there were 674 people on the list, of whom 40 had completed more than once; by March 2023 the figure had risen to 898. Dave Hewitt estimates that

700-508: The inclusion of photographs of the Lake District by Derry Brabbs on the front covers, rather than the drawings that were on the covers of the originals, and footpaths shown in red on the maps. These revised versions are titled 'Second Editions'. Revised editions of Wainwright's other Pictorial Guides , A Coast to Coast Walk , The Outlying Fells of Lakeland , Pennine Way Companion , Walks in Limestone Country and Walks on

735-729: The mid-1980s Wainwright was a TV personality; he featured in three television series for the BBC , presented by farmer and broadcaster Eric Robson and devised, directed and produced by Richard Else. A BBC documentary about Wainwright's life was broadcast on Sunday 25 February 2007 on BBC Four , before a four-part series of walks. This first series covered Blencathra by Sharp Edge, Castle Crag , Haystacks and Scafell Pike from Seathwaite . The second series, broadcast in 2007, included Catbells , Crinkle Crags , Helm Crag , Helvellyn from Patterdale, High Street from Mardale and Pillar . A six-part series entitled Wainwright Walks: Coast to Coast

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770-469: The modern era, the definition of the term 'religion' is becoming increasingly opaque, making the task of defining 'organized religion' difficult. Anthropologists , theologians and scholars have thus attempted to embed the idea of an 'organization' into the definition of religion itself. Some examples of this are found in the definition provided by Clifford Geertz , who defines religion as a "Cultural system." Furthermore, Max Weber 's prominent definition of

805-468: The next 13 years at an average rate of one page per evening. According to Wainwright, in his autobiography Fellwanderer , he initially planned the series for his own interest rather than for publication. When he published his first book it was privately, as he could not face the prospect of finding a publisher. His friend Henry Marshall, Chief Librarian of Kendal and Westmorland, took charge of publicity and administration, and his name appears as publisher on

840-413: The office of Wainwright's first publisher the Westmorland Gazette , is named Wainwright's Yard and features a display of pages from his books. In addition to the above works, many other books contain previously published illustrations by Wainwright, or whose subject matter has been inspired by his life and works. Organised religion Organized religion , also known as institutional religion ,

875-735: The same format as the Pennine Way Companion , "puts the Pennine Way to shame" for scenic beauty, variety and interest. The 190-mile (310-kilometre) route traverses the north of England from St. Bees to Robin Hood's Bay , passing through the Lake District, the Yorkshire Dales and the North York Moors national parks . The Outlying Fells of Lakeland (an idea he had previously rejected), published in 1974,

910-411: The sense in which we take it, theologies, philosophies, and ecclesiastical organizations may secondarily grow". James further comments that the essential elements of "institutional religion" are " worship and sacrifice , procedures for working on the dispositions of the deity [ i.e. ] theology , and ceremony and ecclesiastical organization ". Organized religion seems to have gained prevalence since

945-406: The series to have been revised are The Central Fells (published 2016), The Southern Fells (2017), The Northern Fells (2018); The North Western Fells (2019); and The Western Fells (2020). Wainwright followed the Pictorial Guides in 1968 with the Pennine Way Companion , applying the same detailed approach to Britain's first long-distance footpath. This was for many years a leading guide to

980-527: The society was renamed "Animal Rescue Cumbria – The Wainwright Shelter". The Wainwright Society was inaugurated in 2002, with the aim of keeping alive the fellwalking traditions and ideas promoted by Alfred Wainwright through his guidebooks and other publications. On 27 June 2008 a landmark road bridge, in Blackburn, was opened and named the Wainwright Bridge in his honour. John Burland,

1015-497: The top of Haystacks . Wainwright was a lifelong Blackburn Rovers fan and a founder member of the Blackburn Rovers Supporters Club. He had no time for organised religion , and was agnostic . On Desert Island Discs , he described himself as having once been shy but having grown up to be antisocial and would avoid speaking to others, even lone walkers on fell tops. Wainwright died in 1991 of

1050-483: The total number of completers could be over 50% higher than the LDWA's figure. The Ramblers Association reported in 2008 that a boy of six years, four months and 27 days had become the youngest person to complete the Wainwrights. In April 2009 a boy aged five completed the round and became the third member of his family to do so after his older sisters held the 'Youngest 214 Completer' previously. Wainwrights On The Air

1085-464: Was an old packhorse route, termed by Wainwright “the ancient highway over Walna Scar”, and formed an important medieval conduit from Furness Abbey to Coniston for the wooltrade, (as well perhaps as having been used in the Bronze Age). Geologically, Walna Scar contains a rich seam of distinctively striped slate which was quarried until the early 20th century. This was widely used for flooring in

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1120-700: Was born in Blackburn , Lancashire , into a family which was relatively poor, mostly because of his stonemason father's alcoholism . He did very well at school (first in nearly every subject) although he left at the age of 13. While most of his classmates were obliged to find employment in the local mills, Wainwright started work as an office boy in Blackburn Borough Engineer's Department. He spent several years studying at night school, gaining qualifications in accountancy which enabled him to further his career at Blackburn Borough Council. Even when

1155-543: Was broadcast on BBC Four in April and May 2009 and on BBC2 from 21 July 2009, and presented by Julia Bradbury . A Granada TV series Wainwright Country included Eagle Crag , Great Calva , Knott Rigg , Pike O'Blisco , Stybarrow Dodd , Thornthwaite Crag and Yewbarrow . In 2010, Eric Robson presented a BBC Radio 4 documentary called "The Man behind the Mountains" (16 October 2010). Wainwright Walks Series One

1190-411: Was his last major guidebook. Thereafter he concentrated on sketchbooks of larger-size line drawings until his eyesight began to fail in the mid-1980s. His Ex-Fellwanderer , an autobiographical work published in 1987, was intended to be his last written work, but he continued to lend his name and some written commentary to a series of " coffee table books " featuring the photography of Derry Brabbs . By

1225-553: Was released on DVD in June 2007 and Series Two was released in January 2008. Wainwright Walks: Coast to Coast was released on DVD in June 2009. Wainwright's Pictorial Guides have been in continuous publication since they were written and have sold more than two million copies. Although a number of more up-to-date guides are on the market, his books remain among the most popular for their depth, detail and unique style. His division of

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