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27-641: It is spoken by the Tareen , Mashwani and other Pashtun tribes in Balochistan, Pakistan , and Afghanistan , primarily in Harnai (هرنای) (Harnai District) and Chawter (چوتېر) area in Sanjawi , Northern Balochistan , Pakistan. The language is at risk due to lack of attention and not liking it as a language by foreigners. Professor Prods Oktor Skjærvø states: "The Pashto area split into two dialect groups at

54-403: A hill-locked place [lit. tied place] he is prosperous. That on his own sustenance he survives, he has kept his own bravery [lit. sword]. The world has reached where [advanced], how much of a journey we have left for us. There is a long darkness, in it every relative is a stranger. The shephard nation is blind and dumb, every man is a constitution to oneself. Neither is their a doctor nor

81-583: A pre-literary period, represented today on the one hand by all the dialects of modern Pashto and on the other by Waṇeci and by archaic remains in other Southeast dialects" According to Encyclopædia Iranica Waṇetsi branched off from the other Pashto dialects in the Middle Iranian stage: Some of Waṇetsi's particularities (e.g. šwī “twenty,” mōš “we,” [a]γa “of;” the pres. endings; retention of rž; loss of -t-) prove that it must have split off from Paṣ̌to at an early Middle Iranic stage, considerably before

108-429: A traditional-doctor, there is a tsāngā́l [an animal-sacrifice conducted to ward off evil], the sacrificer [lit.holyman] has come. Our own land on a wretched day, till there is no bel-dāndzuṇí [a confederation formed in defence; made up of different tribes]. These meadows have become barren [lit. shaved-off] than a wasteland, on it there is no rain: there is wind. Our water is climbing down, there are clouds: lost

135-659: A trailing silent n or m , as is the case in French, Portuguese, Lombard (central classic orthography), Bamana , Breton , and Yoruba . In other cases, they are indicated by diacritics . In the International Phonetic Alphabet , nasal vowels are denoted by a tilde over the symbol for the vowel. The same practice can be found in Portuguese marking with a tilde in diphthongs (e.g. põe ) and for words ending in /ɐ̃/ (e.g. manhã , irmã ). While

162-622: Is a Pashtun tribe inhabiting southern Afghanistan , and western region of Pakistan . Much of the tribe continues to live in their native lands in the southern parts of Afghanistan and Pishin in Baluchistan , Pakistan . During the reign of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan (1628 to 1658) a group of Tareen/Tarin emigrated to the area which is now the Hazara region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan . The Tareen Chiefs resisted

189-530: Is high and tall. Yet till now where are you lost: which season is it, which hour. Come-on go ahead wake-up a bit, without education a nation is destroyed. Me and you have also become strangers, such a day has come That from without you there was no moment, this every moment of mine is without you. That you have left from reality, Nizami has lost sin. The singer Khayam Tareen (خيام ترين) has also sung songs in Waṇetsi. Waṇetsi also has vowel nasalisation which

216-554: Is indicated by employing the nasal vowel, a dotless form of the Arabic letter nūn ( ن ) or the letter marked with the maghnūna diacritic: respectively ں , always occurring word finally, or ن٘ in the medial form, called " nūn ghunna ". In Sindhi , nasalization is represented with the standard nun letter . Nasalized vowels occur in Classical Arabic but not in contemporary speech or Modern Standard Arabic . There

243-479: Is no expectation that an English-speaker would nasalize the vowels to the same extent as French-speakers or Portuguese-speakers. Likewise, pronunciation keys in English dictionaries do not always indicate nasalization of French or Portuguese loanwords. Nasalization as a result of the assimilation of a nasal consonant tends to cause a raising of vowel height ; phonemically distinctive nasalization tends to lower

270-449: Is no orthographic way to denote the nasalization, but it is systematically taught as part of the essential rules of tajwid , used to read the Qur'an . Nasalization occurs in recitation, usually when a final nūn is followed by a yāʾ ( ي ). The Brahmic scripts used for most Indic languages mark nasalization with the anusvāra (◌ं), homophonically used for homorganic nasalization in

297-520: Is the case in English: vowels preceding nasal consonants are nasalized, but there is no phonemic distinction between nasal and oral vowels, and all vowels are considered phonemically oral. Some languages contrast oral vowels and nasalized vowels phonemically . Linguists make use of minimal pairs to decide whether or not the nasality is of linguistic importance. In French, for instance, nasal vowels are distinct from oral vowels, and words can differ by

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324-410: Is the thunder. From this country birds are lost, is it the hunt or the plague. Again it is like that cold Chawter, again that cold air. The preceding century's sun has risen, you still like that are laying on your back. Come make noise, make yourself known. People have gathered all around. That whose grave has been flattened that gentlemen is your father From everyone you are chief, your aspect

351-519: Is transcribed as / ̃/ or ں in the Pashto alphabet. Like Pashto, verbs have final stress in the imperfective aspect and initial stress in the perfective aspect. (mostly Final Stress) (Initial Stress) čīnastī́ čī́nastī Examples: (čīnastī́) (čī́nastī) Stress can also change the meaning of words, as in Pashto. Example: agreement/peace Tarīno is subdivided into the Harnāi variety and

378-620: Is used below, where V, N, and Ṽ (with a tilde above) represent oral vowel, nasal consonant, and nasal vowel, respectively. In the Old French period, vowels became nasalized under the regressive assimilation , as VN > ṼN. In the Middle French period, the realization of the nasal consonant became variable, as VN > Ṽ(N). As the language evolves into its modern form, the consonant is no longer realized, as ṼN > Ṽ. Languages written with Latin script may indicate nasal vowels by

405-556: The French vowel /ɑ̃/ ( ) or Amoy [ ɛ̃ ]. By contrast, oral vowels are produced without nasalization . Nasalized vowels are vowels under the influence of neighbouring sounds. For instance, the [ æ ] of the word hand is affected by the following nasal consonant. In most languages, vowels adjacent to nasal consonants are produced partially or fully with a lowered velum in a natural process of assimilation and are therefore technically nasal, but few speakers would notice. That

432-1047: The Sikh occupation of Hazara region which resulted in their properties/ land being usurped by Sikh armies. According to Ni'mat Allah al-Harawi in History of the Afghans , Tareen had three sons namely: Tor, Spin (Aspin or Speen) and Awdal/Born Tareen/Abdali . Their descendants today have adopted the names above as tribal identities and are known as Tor Tareen, Spin Tareen and Bor Tareen. These three major clans are further divided into smaller units. The principal languages of Tareen are Tareeno and Pashto and Urdu Punjabi in Pakistan. Tareens primarily live in Pishin , Dukki , Loralai , Quetta , Mastung , and Harnai districts of Balochistan , while smaller populations are spread all over

459-500: The Chawter variety. The possessive postposition غه is used instead of د ğa (postposition) dә (preposition) Example: Tareeno also varies from Pashto in idiomatic expression. Example: نهير /nahī́r/ “thought” - used with the verb to hit The first person verbal suffixes also change: ze ki zә kawә́m i ←әm ze wāyi zә wāyә́m Some verbal suffixes like the feminine third person suffix [ه and ې] are

486-513: The IPA diacritic for nasalization: ⟨ ẽ ⟩ vs ⟨ ẽ̃ ⟩. Bickford & Floyd (2006) combine the tilde with the ogonek : ⟨ ẽ ⟩ vs ⟨ ę̃ ⟩. (The ogonek is sometimes used in an otherwise IPA transcription to avoid conflict with tone diacritics above the vowels.) Rodney Sampson described a three-stage historical account, explaining the origin of nasal vowels in modern French . The notation of Terry and Webb

513-468: The constitution of a standard Paṣ̌to. They can scarcely have developed after the arrival of the Waṇetsi speakers in their present home, which is in no way topographically cut off from the rest of Paṣ̌to territory. These speakers must rather represent the forerunners of the main Paṣ̌tūn movement towards the east, but when and where they split off is at present impossible to say. The first known linguistic research

540-1071: The language. An excerpt from his poem in Waṇetsi: نيکۀ څېنه بړ سړا ده څۀ اړ توني چي بسيا ده خپل وېل مندې دې پای او خپله توره یې ساتیا ده پیني چرته رسېده ده موش ته پاته اومبې پلا ده یه وږده توره تارۀ ده پچي هر خپل پرېدا ده شپون ولس د کوڼ و کونګ ده هر سړا ځان ته بلا ده نۀ ډاکتر او نۀ طبیب سته با څانګال ده شېخ راغا ده خپل وطن مو خوارې ورېزې بېل داڼځوني پورې نا ده دا ورسو ځنګل یه لغ سوه مندې وور نسته وګا ده موش اوبۀ دې سپه ته خېزين وريځ سته ورکه تنا ده دا وطنه مرغان ورک سو څۀ ښکار ده که وبا ده با اغېنه سوړ چوتېر ده با اغه سړه هوا ده بالمي صدۍ میر خوت ده تا لا اغل شا شوریا ده راسه ژوېږ که زان ساماکه خيلک ټول سو ده څه دنیا ده داڅې قبر یې هوار سو ده دا ښاغله تا ابا ده تر هر چا یه یې مسېر تاغه لوړه جګه خوا ده ته لا تروسه چرته ورک یې کم پهار ده کم ګړا ده هله پورته سه لغ وریش سه بې تعلیمه کام تبا ده ما-و-تا مي پرېدي سوو داني ورېز دا ده راغیا ده څه بې تا يه يو جټ نۀ وي دا ده هر جټ مې بې تا ده تا څه خولې يه اېله کړ نظامي ګونه هريا ده How strong/capable grandfather is, that in

567-841: The orthography of the First Grammatical Treatise for the Old Icelandic language , nasal vowels are indicated with a dot above the vowel grapheme : a /ɑ/ vs ȧ /ɑ̃/, ǫ /ɔ/ vs ǫ̇ /ɔ̃/, e /e/ vs. ė /ẽ/ vs ę /ɛ/ vs. ę̇ /ɛ̃/, ı /i/ vs i /ĩ/, o /o/ vs ȯ /õ/, ø /ø/ vs. ø̇ /ø̃/, u /u/ vs u̇ /ũ/, y /y/ vs ẏ /ỹ/; the ogonek instead indicates retracted tongue root or tense vowels , cf. ǫ /ɔ/ vs o /o/ and e /e/ vs. ę /ɛ/. Nasalization in Arabic-based scripts of languages such as Urdu , as well as Punjabi and Saraiki , commonly spoken in Pakistan , and by extension India ,

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594-479: The province. In Khyber Pukhtunkhwa , the tribe has 'Tareen Vand' in Mardan . In Haripur , a number of Tareen families claim to have settled there since 1600s, after migrating mainly from Pishin and Kandahar . Nasal vowel A nasal vowel is a vowel that is produced with a lowering of the soft palate (or velum) so that the air flow escapes through the nose and the mouth simultaneously, as in

621-1874: The same: wyā́ṛ a lā́ṛ a wyā́r e lā́r e Like standard Pashto the third person suffix for verbs with the root وتل the third person past suffix is different for the singular and plural. dága saṛá watə čə́wot dága saṛáy war tə nə́nawot dága saṛí watə čə́wātə dága saṛí war tə nə́nātə The following is provided by Zamir Gulbahar (ظمير ګلبهار), a Tareeno poet from Harnai : دلته مزي کزي کار ده يو بي خولې ګولې دې کانين پرېدي خلک' دې څه کې' خپل خپلوان دې يو بي نانين څه مټانو چي زور وين اغه خلک ټول پوره دي څه نستمن وين لايګړ وين اغه خلک ټول ماندۀ دي دا بې مايله خلک وکسه يو بي کاپن دې کانين دلته ټول تلهټ تلهټ دي که خواران دي که مال دار دي نه ې يې ګړي ډکتوب سته ټول روپيو پلس ګار دي بس دغه ډول خلک خوش دي بس دغني زوند دې نانين هر سړا هړکې هړکې ده ټولو خلکو کا هبره ده شور ده زونګه دې لګيا دي هر سړي غه کار ماندۀ ده زې دا وايي که دا زوند وين بس دغني زوند دې ما نين سدو بدو وسره نسته څه دا کمې خوا روان دي يو بي هګا نه دي بس زوېندي بنديګانان دي ګلبهاره ټول بې خوش سين که يو بي ته څه لار وانين دلته زورور او کمزوری کار دی د يو بل خولې څخه خواړۀ کاږي پردي خلک' څه کوې' خپل خپلوان يو بل نه پرېږدي چې په مټو کې زور لري هغه خلک ګړد پوره دي چې بې وسه وي بې کسه (لا يوازی) وي هغه خلک ټول ماندۀ دي دا بې مينې خلک وګوره د يو بل څخه پرده اخلي دلته ګړد ستړي ستومانه دي که خواران دي که مال دار دي نه يې يو ساعت مړېدۀ شته ګړد په پيسو پسې ورک دي بس دغه شان خلک خوښ دي بس دغه شان ژوند نه پرېږدي هر سړی په تعضيله دی ټولو خلکو کړی بې صبري ده شور دی غوغه ده غوبل دی د هر سړي کار ماندۀ دی زه دا واييم که دغه ژوند وي بس دغه شان ژوند دې زما نه وي دا درک ور سره نشته دوی په کومې خوا روان دي له يو بل څخه خبر نه دي هسې ژوندي انسانان دي ګلبهاره ګړد به خوشحاله شي که يو بل ته څه نه څه لار پرېږدي Tareen The Tareen (or Tarin ) ( Pashto : ترین )

648-540: The tilde is also used for this purpose in Paraguayan Guaraní , phonemic nasality is indicated by a diaeresis ( ¨ ) in the standardized orthographies of most varieties of Tupí-Guaraní spoken in Bolivia . Polish , Navajo , and Elfdalian use a hook under the letter, called an ogonek , as in ą, ę . The Pe̍h-ōe-jī romanization of Taiwanese Hokkien and Amoy uses a superscript n ( aⁿ , eⁿ , ...). In

675-465: The vowel quality. The words beau /bo/ "beautiful" and bon /bɔ̃/ "good" are a minimal pair that contrasts primarily the vowel nasalization even though the /ɔ̃/ from bon is slightly more open . Portuguese allows nasal diphthongs , which contrast with their oral counterparts, like the pair mau /ˈmaw/ "bad" and mão /ˈmɐ̃w̃/ "hand". Although there are French loanwords in English with nasal vowels like croissant [ ˈkɹwɑːsɒ̃ ], there

702-563: The vowel. According to a different assessment, high vowels do tend to be lowered, but low vowels tend to be raised instead. In most languages, vowels of all heights are nasalized indiscriminately, but preference occurs in some languages, such as for high vowels in Chamorro and low vowels in Thai . A few languages, such as Palantla Chinantec , contrast lightly nasalized and heavily nasalized vowels. They may be contrasted in print by doubling

729-542: Was conducted in 1929 by Georg Morgenstierne on Waṇetsi. Since then linguists like Josef Elfenbein have worked and researched on this archaic Pashto dialect. In his book, Syed Khair Muhammad Arif, "Tarin aw Tarīno" has also included a small dictionary of Waṇetsi. ٙBut much work remains to be done on understanding Waṇetsi. The Waṇetsi Poet Nizamuddin Nizami Tarin, a Spin Tarin from Chawter , has also compiled poetry in

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