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18-410: Washington Cemetery may refer to: Washington Cemetery (Brooklyn) Washington Cemetery (Washington Court House, Ohio) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Washington Cemetery . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

36-538: A connection to Europe, relied on the national programs of the New Deal if they needed financial support during difficult times, and because they were not immigrants, didn't need landsmanshaftn to socialize or meet others. When officers were not replaced, it sometimes resulted in difficulties for the relatives of members who died, because the officers were required to issue burial permits to the cemeteries in which their plots were located. The state of New York , particularly

54-525: A regular basis, and if they lost their jobs, became too sick to work, or died, the society paid the member or their family a benefit to keep them afloat during that time. When the funds were not needed to support members, landsmanshaftn frequently invested the money in funds that supported the Jewish community in others ways, such as Israel Bonds . Most landsmanshaftn were based in New York City , where

72-505: Is bounded by Bay Parkway on its southeast and 21st Avenue on its northwest. It has five entrances and exits, and numbered posts from 231 to 333. Its named paths are Orange, Sycamore, Spruce, Aspen, and Balsam avenues. Cemetery #4 is directly across 21st Avenue from Cemetery #3, bounded by 21st Avenue on its southeast and 20th Avenue on its northwest, and has numbered posts are 334 to 462. It has five entrances and exits, and paths named are Walnut, Ash, Tulip, Iris, and Pine avenues. Cemetery #5

90-407: Is crisscrossed by paths called Rose, Hyacinth, Jasmine, Aster, Lotus, and Evergreen avenues. It has numerical posts from number one to number one hundred and forty-nine "A" (1–149A), sections marked "ranges". It has "burial society" sections established by early immigrant groups of landsmannschaft or synagogue congregations. Burials are still being conducted here. This section houses the majority of

108-544: Is directly across Cemetery #4, and bounded by 20th Avenue on its southeast. Its numbered posts run from 464 to 519. Oak, Magnolia, Arcadia, and Birch avenues are its named paths. It has sections with four numbers on its west side. (partial list) 40°37′12″N 73°58′35″W  /  40.62000°N 73.97639°W  / 40.62000; -73.97639 Landsmanshaft The landsmanshaft organizations aided immigrants' transitions from Europe to America by providing social structure and support to those who arrived in

126-669: Is served by the Bay Parkway station of the F train of the New York City Subway . The founder of Washington Cemetery, James Arlington Bennet, is buried there, as are his wife and son. Bennet was born in New York, and was proprietor and principal of the Arlington House, an educational institution on Long Island . He is usually remembered as Joseph Smith 's first choice as Vice-Presidential running mate in

144-425: Is triangular, bounded on two of its sides by major thoroughfares: McDonald Avenue on the northeast and Bay Parkway on the northwest; it has four entrances and exits. Cemetery posts are numbered 150 to 237. It is crisscrossed by paths, and houses burial or congregational society sections. Its named paths are Cedar, Maple, and Cypress avenues. Cemetery #3 is located across Bay Parkway directly across from Cemetery #2. It

162-567: The United States presidential election of 1844 , before Smith was assassinated. His surname is misspelled on his headstone, which reads, "Author of Bennett's Book Keeping & Other Works. Founder of Washington Cemetery." Cemetery #1 is shaped like a pentagon , and bordered on three of its sides by major Brooklyn streets: Ocean Parkway , Bay Parkway , and McDonald Avenue . The main entrance and cemetery office building are on Bay Parkway just off McDonald Avenue. The interior of Cemetery #1

180-409: The mausoleums and larger monuments. In December 2010, this section sustained the majority of some 200 overturned and broken headstones damaged by vandals at the cemetery. Although there are concrete walkways through the area, grave markers are very closely positioned in some areas, and visitors sometimes have to walk on grass. Cemetery #2 is located across from Cemetery #1 and the office building. It

198-593: The United States without the family networks and practical skills that had sustained them in Europe. Toward the end of the 19th and in the beginning of the 20th centuries, they provided immigrants help in learning English , finding a place to live and work, locating family and friends, and an introduction to participating in a democracy , through their own meetings and procedures such as voting on officers, holding debates on community issues, and paying dues to support

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216-464: The development of several large parcels of farmland as cemeteries. Later in the 19th and early 20th centuries, most Jewish immigrants came from the Russian Empire and Eastern Europe . Washington Cemetery is made up of five "gated cemeteries," separated by several local Brooklyn streets. The cemetery office building is located on the grounds of Cemetery #1, which was the original cemetery. It

234-542: The independent city of Brooklyn, it became a Jewish burial ground as early as 1857, at first serving primarily German Jewish immigrants. Brooklyn's cemeteries were authorized under the Rural Cemetery Act of 1847, which allowed for the construction of commercial cemeteries outside what were then city limits. This part of Kings County was not yet incorporated into the City of Brooklyn , and the legislation resulted in

252-680: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Washington_Cemetery&oldid=933244343 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Washington Cemetery (Brooklyn) Washington Cemetery is a historical and predominantly Jewish burial ground located at 5400 Bay Parkway in Mapleton, Brooklyn , New York , United States. Founded in Kings County in 1850, outside

270-464: The majority of Jews settled and conditions were conducive to sustaining these types of organizations, though they sometimes relocated as the membership migrated to the suburbs. There were different types of landsmanshaftn, including Jewish burial societies known as chevra kadisha , societies associated with a particular synagogue or social movement, and "ladies auxiliary" societies for women. (Landsmanshaftn frequently admitted only men as members, with

288-598: The overwhelming number in the United States were located. The number of landsmanshaftn began to decline in the 1950s and 1960s as their members died and were not replaced by the next generation of their members' children. The vast majority became defunct, though some societies continue to meet regularly into the 21st century, and operate scores of burial plots in cemeteries in the New York metropolitan area . Over time, landsmanshaftn lost members as they aged and died, and many became defunct. The next generation felt less need of

306-546: The society. Through the first half of the 20th century, meetings were often conducted and minutes recorded in Yiddish , which was the language that all members could understand. As Jewish immigration declined, most landsmanshaft functions faded into the background, but the organizations nevertheless continued as a way of maintaining ties to life in Europe as well as providing a form of life insurance, disability and unemployment insurance, and subsidized burial. Members paid dues on

324-565: The understanding that their wives and children were covered by their membership and received equivalent benefits, or had a ladies' auxiliary group for women). The Workmen's Circle /Arbeter Ring is a mutual aid society with more than 200 branches, but because it is not based on geography or members' hometowns, is not strictly a landsmanshaft even though it largely functions as one. In 1938, a federal Works Progress Administration project identified 2,468 landsmanshaftn in New York City, where

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