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22-712: Wesenberg may refer to: The German name for Rakvere , a town in Estonia Wesenberg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , part of the Amt Mecklenburgische Kleinseenplatte, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany Wesenberg, Schleswig-Holstein , part of the Amt Nordstormarn, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with

44-481: A Franciscan monastery started in 1508. In 1558, Muscovite troops captured Rakvere. In 1574, Sweden heavily damaged the town after the disastrous Siege of Wesenberg . In 1581, Sweden captured Rakvere and passed it to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1602; Polish troops destroyed the castle in 1605. After Rakvere returned to Swedish control that same year, a mansion was built on the ruins of

66-576: A room of historical artifacts. --> Rakvere's Tarvas statue of an aurochs , by Estonian sculptor Tauno Kangro , is considered the largest animal statue in the Baltic region . Erected in 2002 for Rakvere's 700th birthday, Tarvas stands on the edge of Vallimägi , a symbol of the town's motto "Full of Strength" ( Väge täis ). Along with its granite pedestal, the bronze statue is seven meters long and four meters high and weighs about seven tons. The individuals and companies who financed it are engraved in

88-585: Is covered by forests and parks, it is Estonia's third most densely populated urban area. Religion in Rakvere City (2021) [1] The oldest known archeological traces of the ancient fortress on Rakvere's Vallimägi hill date from the 5th and 6th centuries. Throughout the ages, Rakvere Castle has belonged to Danish kings, knight-monks of the Livonian Order , and the Swedish and Polish states. During

110-542: Is the administrative centre, or county seat, of Lääne-Viru County in northern Estonia , about 100 km southeast of Tallinn and 20 km south of the Gulf of Finland and the Baltic Sea . From the 13th century until the early 20th century, Rakvere was more widely known by its historical German name Wesenberg(h) . The earliest signs of a human settlement, dating back to the 3rd, 4th, and 5th centuries AD , have been found on

132-551: The Great Northern War , the church was damaged by fire twice. Renovations were made from 1727 to 1730 and again during the middle of the 19th century, when the church received its present look, dominated by a neo-Gothic spire. The interior displays fine craftsmanship, including a Baroque pulpit from 1690 made by Christian Ackermann . Pikk Street is the oldest street in Rakvere. In the 19th century and first half of

154-822: The Livonian War in the second half of the 16th century. The Treaty enshrined the rights of the German Baltic nobility within Estonia and Livonia to maintain their financial system, their existing customs border, their self-government, their Lutheran religion, and the German language; this special position in the Russian Empire was reconfirmed by all Russian Tsars from Peter the Great (reigned 1682-1725) to Alexander II (reigned 1855-1881). Nystad manifested

176-472: The 20th century, Pikk Street was the town's main shopping street with banks, shops, restaurants, and guesthouses. In 2020, as part of the EV100 "Good Public Space" program, approximately 700 meters of Pikk Street were reconstructed, making it a pedestrian-friendly, historical thoroughfare reminiscent of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The so-called Carrot Stairs ( Estonian : Porganditrepp ) with wider steps at

198-480: The Danish and Teutonic knights and local militia on one side and the forces of Novgorod and Pskov on the other, occurred near Rakvere on 18 February 1268. Rakvere was granted Lübeck rights on 12 June 1302. After the Danish king sold Danish Estonia to the Livonian Order in 1346, a large castle was built on top of the previous stronghold. The Ordensburg was protected by towers and courtyards. The building of

220-496: The Polish-Swedish War of 1600-1629, the castle was partly blown up by Polish troops in 1605, and, later, by the Swedish army. The castle has lain in ruins ever since. Today, permanent exhibitions and seasonal programs and activities in the castle explain everyday life in the 16th century. Visitors can dress as medieval knights and walk through the castle's rooms, including a torture chamber, an alchemist's workshop, and

242-680: The city, and passenger trains between Tallinn and Narva, operated by Elron, stop at Rakvere several times a day. Daily busses connect Rakvere to Tallinn and Narva, too, as well as to many small towns throughout Lääne-Virumaa, including Tapa and Kunda . Rakvere has a total area of 10.75 square kilometres. There are 19 districts, or neighborhoods, in Rakvere: Kondivalu, Kukeküla, Kurikaküla, Lennuvälja, Lepiku, Lilleküla, Linnuriik, Moonaküla, Mõisavälja, Paemurru, Palermo, Roodevälja, Seminari, Südalinn, Taaravainu, Tammiku, Vallimäe, Vanalinn, and Õpetaja Heinamaa. Although about 15% of Rakvere

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264-670: The decisive shift in the European balance of power which the war had brought about: the Swedish imperial era had ended; Sweden entered the Age of Liberty , while Russia had emerged as a new empire . In pre-1917 Saint Petersburg, in the Vyborgsky district (relatively nearest to Russo-Finnish border) one of the thoroughfares (now Lesnoy prospekt ) was named after the Nystad treaty (Nystadt Street, Rus. Ништадтская улица). The district also houses

286-410: The granite block. In 2004, Rakvere's central, or town, square got a new, modern look with architects' O. Kadariku, M. Tüüri, and V. Tomiste's five yellow domes (or umbrellas or chanterelle mushrooms or medieval turret tops) hanging from white semi-arches. A sculpture of Young man on bicycle listening to music is dedicated to Estonian composer Arvo Pärt , an honorary citizen of Rakvere. Surrounding

308-527: The market building, the old bank building (today, SEB Pank ), and Rakvere Secondary School (since 2022, Rakvere Freedom School). Local newspapers emerged, including the county paper Virumaa Teataja in 1925. The idea of a professional theatre in Rakvere started to take shape as well. In 1930, during the administration of Mayor Heinrich Aviksoo , the town stadium opened. Rakvere is reportedly Europe's smallest town with its own professional theatre . The roots of Rakvere Theatre date back to 1882. Construction of

330-581: The monastery. In 1703, during the Great Northern War , Rakvere was burned down. With the Capitulation of Estonia and Livonia in 1710 and the subsequent Treaty of Nystad in 1721, the town became part of the Russian Empire . It was a part of Russia until 1918 when, following World War I , Estonia became an independent nation. During Estonia's first period of independence from 1918 to 1940, many prominent buildings were built in Rakvere, including

352-651: The present-day theatre hill. Probably to protect this settlement, a wooden stronghold was built on another hill ( Vallimägi ) nearby. After the Kingdom of Denmark conquered northern Estonia, its new rulers started to erect stone buildings in 1220. A settlement called Tarvanpea is first mentioned in 1226 in the Chronicle of Henry of Livonia . The Danish stronghold is first recorded as Wesenbergh (in Middle Low German ) in 1252. The Battle of Wesenberg , with

374-455: The same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wesenberg&oldid=541340078 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Rakvere Rakvere

396-493: The square is Rakvere's central business district, including a historical market building and the SEB Pank building, one of the most representative bank buildings in Estonia designed by Ferdinand Gustav Adoff. Trinity Church, Rakvere's Lutheran church, dates from the 15th century and was designed to also be a stronghold in times of trouble. It was severely damaged during the Livonian War , and renovations started in 1684. During

418-471: The theatre was completed at the end of the 1930s, and its festive opening was on 24 February 1940. The theatre survived World War II and, today, presents 10 new productions each season. Rakvere Theatre has given Estonia many renowned actors, including Volli Käro , Üllar Saaremäe , Indrek Saar , Ülle Lichtfeldt , and Aarne Üksküla . Since 1990, the theatre has organized the biannual event Baltoscandal , which hosts avant-garde plays and groups from all over

440-498: The top and little ones at the bottom lead up to Vallimägi and Rakvere Castle , Rakvere is twinned with: Treaty of Nystad During the war Peter I of Russia had occupied all Swedish possessions on the eastern Baltic coast : Swedish Ingria (where he began to build the soon-to-be Russian capital of St. Petersburg in 1703), Swedish Estonia and Swedish Livonia (which had capitulated in 1710 ), and Finland . In Nystad, King Frederick I of Sweden formally recognized

462-532: The transfer of Estonia, Livonia, Ingria, and Southeast Finland ( Kexholms län and part of Karelian Isthmus ) to Russia in exchange for two million silver thaler , while Russia returned the bulk of Finland to Swedish rule. The most of the transferred part of Swedish Finland (except Vyborg ) were historically part of the Novgorod Republic and the Tsardom of Russia and were conquered by Sweden during

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484-497: The world. On 15 July 2000, a high-end F2/T5 tornado hit Rakvere, killing one person and injuring one other. The tornado damaged 110 homes and destroyed 120 garage buildings. One car was seen airborne. The T5 highway to Pärnu starts near Rakvere, and the T1 Tallinn-Narva highway , part of European route E20 , is just to the north of the town. Narva is 114 km to the east of Rakvere. The Tallinn-Narva railway passes

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