West Indian Gazette ( WIG ) was a newspaper founded in March 1958 in Brixton, London , England , by Trinidadian communist & black nationalist activist Claudia Jones (1915–1964). The title as displayed on its masthead was subsequently expanded to West Indian Gazette And Afro-Asian Caribbean News . WIG is widely considered to have been Britain's first major commercial black newspaper. Jones, who originally worked on its development with Amy Ashwood Garvey , was its editor. WIG lasted until 1965, but always struggled financially, closing eight months and four editions after Claudia Jones's death.
26-648: Started as a monthly, the West Indian Gazette quickly gained a circulation of 15,000. The offices of the newspaper were located in the centre of the then developing Caribbean community in south London, at 250 Brixton Road , above Theo Campbell's record shop. Carole Boyce Davies , biographer of Claudia Jones , ascribes to the West Indian Gazette "a foundational role in developing the Caribbean diaspora in London". According to Donald Hinds , who worked as
52-540: A catalyst, quickening the awareness, socially and politically, of West Indians, Afro-Asians and their friends. Its editorial stand is for a united, independent West Indies, full economic, social and political equality and respect for human dignity for West Indians and Afro-Asians in Britain, and for peace and friendship between all Commonwealth and world peoples." Describing the newspaper as "a critical resource through which black British political consciousness emerged during
78-708: A common choice, especially for large cathedrals. Neo-Byzantine cathedrals concentrated in the western provinces (Poland, Lithuania), the Army bases in Caucasus and Central Asia , the Cossack hosts and the industrial region in Urals around the city of Perm . Architects David Grimm and Vasily Kosyakov developed a unique national type of a single-dome Byzantine cathedral with four symmetrical pendentive apses that became de facto standard in 1880s-1890s. The reign of Nicholas II
104-494: A journalist on WIG : "It was not merely a vehicle to bring the news of what was happening back home and in the diaspora to Britain. It also commented on the arts in all their forms.... It published poems and stories. Its trenchant editorials did not stop at Britain but had an opinion on the what, where and why of the cold war's hot spots." As "a vehicle for the development of a shared identity among West Indian migrants in Britain" (publishing, for example, Jan Carew 's article "What
130-629: A large US-style mall. The former "Brixton Oval" is at the southern end with Lambeth Town Hall , the Ritzy Cinema , the Brixton Tate Library (with a statue of Henry Tate outside) and St Matthew's church . The space was renamed Windrush Square in 2010, in honour of the area's early Caribbean migrants and the HMT ; Empire Windrush , which in 1948 brought 492 passengers from Jamaica to London . Brixton Road dates back to
156-610: A related style known as Bristol Byzantine was popular for industrial buildings which combined elements of the Byzantine style with Moorish architecture . Newman University Church , Dublin (1885–86) is a notable Irish example. In the United States and elsewhere, the Neo-Byzantine style is often seen in vernacular amalgamations with other Medieval revivalist styles such as Romanesque and Gothic , or even with
182-713: A supporter of the style in the 1850s. His major works belonged to the Neo-Grec and Neo-Renaissance style, however, Hansen as a professor of Byzantine art in the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna shaped a generation of architects that popularized Neo-Byzantine architecture in Austro-Hungary , Serbia and post-war Yugoslavia . Hansen's own Neo-Byzantine work includes the Arsenal in Vienna (1852—1856, with Ludwig Förster ),
208-846: Is a West Indian?" in April 1959), the paper addressed issues including racial discrimination in Britain, anti-colonial struggles in Africa, and federalism in the Caribbean. Among its contributors was George Lamming , who in an article in February 1962 wrote of his realisation that because of the British class system "almost two-thirds of the population ... were in a colonial relation to the culture and traditions which were called England", at which point his own process of decolonisation began. Jones herself, in her last published essay, "The Caribbean Community in Britain", said of WIG : "The newspaper has served as
234-577: Is an example of Eclectic Romano-Byzantine architecture. A prominent example of Byzantine Revival architecture in France is the Basilica of Sacre-Coeur in Paris, built between 1875 and 1914, based on the original plan of Paul Abadie . It features five elongated domes on the exterior and an interior with mosaics and other art inspired by Byzantine art . Inspired by the former is another excellent example -
260-696: The Basilica of Sainte-Thérèse, Lisieux completed in 1954. Westminster Cathedral (1895–1903), the Catholic cathedral in London, is the largest and most thorough British effort in the style, by John Francis Bentley (1839–1902), but there are a number of other churches and other buildings such as the Christ Church, Brixton Road , also in London, by Arthur Beresford Pite , 1897–1903, near The Oval cricket ground and St Mary and St George Church , High Wycombe (1935–1938). From about 1850 to 1880 in Bristol
286-760: The Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church, Vienna (1856—1858) and the Christuskirche in Matzleindorf , Vienna (1858—1860). Earliest examples of emerging Byzantine- Romanesque architecture include the Alexander Nevsky Memorial Church , Potsdam, by Russian architect Vasily Stasov , and the Abbey of Saint Boniface , laid down by Ludwig I of Bavaria in 1835 and completed in 1840. The basilica followed
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#1732773048969312-870: The Mission Revival or Spanish Colonial Revival styles. The Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception is a large Catholic minor basilica and national shrine located in Washington, D.C., United States of America. The shrine is the largest Catholic church in North America, one of the largest churches in the world, and the tallest habitable building in Washington, D.C. Its construction of Byzantine Revival and Romanesque Revival architecture began on September 23, 1920, with renowned contractor John McShain and
338-640: The Roman era when it was part of the London to Brighton Way . The River Effra used to be visible near Lambeth Town Hall, but is now underground, serving as a storm drain. Fronting Brixton Road at the north end is the Neo-Byzantine style Christ Church , opened in 1902. For much of its length Brixton Road remains lined by Regency period terraces of houses that once made a virtually continuous frontage from Kennington to Brixton. These had become semi-derelict by
364-715: The Sacred Heart Church or the Rosary Basilica , both located in Berlin . One of the earliest examples in France is the enormous Marseille Cathedral , built between 1852 and 1893, and the basilica of Notre-Dame de la Garde , both located in Marseille. Another example is the Russian orthodox Alexander Nevsky Cathedral in Paris build 1859-1861. The Saint-Augustin in Paris build between 1860 and 1871
390-505: The high street and then forks into Effra Road and Brixton Hill at St Matthew's church at the junction with Acre Lane and Coldharbour Lane . Brixton Market is located in Electric Avenue near Brixton Underground station and in a network of covered arcades adjacent to the two railway viaducts. The market arcades were declared listed buildings in 2009 following controversial proposals by Lambeth Council to replace them with
416-879: The 1970s when some were replaced, but many were refurbished by the Greater London Council , mostly as social housing. Brixton Road is part of the A23 . In the 1887 detective novel A Study in Scarlet , an abandoned house off the Brixton Road is the very first of the numerous crime scenes appearing in the Sherlock Holmes books and stories. 51°27′44″N 0°06′58″W / 51.46222°N 0.11611°W / 51.46222; -0.11611 Neo-Byzantine architecture Neo-Byzantine architecture (also referred to as Byzantine Revival )
442-730: The dynastic burial church in Oplenac which was commissioned by the Karađorđeviċ dynasty 1909. With the arrival of Russian émigré artists after the October Revolution , Belgrade's main governmental edifices were planned by eminent Russian architects trained in Russia. It was King Alexander I who was the patron of the Neo-Byzantine movement. Its main proponents were Aleksandar Deroko , Momir Korunović , Branko Krstić , Grigorije Samojlov and Nikolay Krasnov . Their main contribution were
468-553: The early 1960s", University of Manchester historian Tariq Chastanet-Hird notes: "In developing a shared culture among migrants, fighting local racial discrimination and constructing transnational linkages, the paper was unrestricted in its ambitions." Brixton Road Brixton Road is a road in the London Borough of Lambeth (south London , England ), leading from the Oval at Kennington to Brixton , where it forms
494-721: The last quarter of the 19th century with the Sacré-Coeur Basilica in Paris , and with monumental works in the Russian Empire , and later Bulgaria . The Neo-Byzantine school was active in Yugoslavia in the interwar period . Sophia Cathedral in Pushkin (1782–1788) was the earliest and isolated experiment with Byzantine treatment of otherwise neoclassical structures. In 1830s Nicholas I of Russia promoted
520-812: The royal castles on Dedinje, the Church of Saint Sava and the St. Mark's Church in Belgrade. After the communist era ended, Mihajlo Mitrović and Nebojša Popović were proponents of new tendencies in sacral architecture which used classic examples in the Byzantine tradition. Istanbul: Agia Triada in Taksim. Ayvalık: Agios Georgios (çınarlı mosque), Agios Ioannis (saatli mosque), Taxiarchis (Koç museum) in Moschonisi/Cunda. Danish architect Theophil Hansen became
546-530: The rules of 6th-century Ravenna architecture, although its corinthian order was a clear deviation from the historical Byzantine art. In 1876 Ludwig II of Bavaria commissioned Neo-Byzantine interiors of the externally Romanesque Neuschwanstein Castle , complete with mosaic images of Justinian I and Greek saints. Several Neo-Byzantine-style churches were constructed during the Gründerzeit , for instance,
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#1732773048969572-531: The so-called Russo-Byzantine style of churches designed by Konstantin Thon . Nicholas I despised true Byzantine art; Thon's style in fact had little common with it. Notably, Thon routinely replaced the circular Byzantine arch with a keel -shaped gable , and the hemispherical Byzantine dome with an onion dome ; layout and structural scheme of his churches clearly belonged to neoclassical standard. True Byzantine art, popularized by Grigory Gagarin and David Grimm ,
598-549: Was a revival movement , most frequently seen in religious, institutional and public buildings . It incorporates elements of the Byzantine style associated with Eastern and Orthodox Christian architecture dating from the 5th through 11th centuries, notably that of Constantinople (present-day Istanbul ) and the Exarchate of Ravenna . Neo-Byzantine architecture emerged in the 1840s in Western Europe and peaked in
624-620: Was adopted by Alexander II of Russia as the de facto official style of the Orthodox Church. Byzantine architecture became a vehicle of Orthodox expansion on the frontiers of Empire ( Congress Poland , Crimea , the Caucasus ). However, few buildings were completed in the reign of Alexander II due to financial troubles. Alexander III changed state preference in favor of Russian Revival trend based on 16th-17th century Moscow and Yaroslavl tradition, yet Byzantine architecture remained
650-537: Was notable for the architect's turn from this standard back to Hagia Sophia legacy, peaking in the Naval Cathedral in Kronstadt and Poti cathedral. These designs employed reinforced concrete that allowed very fast construction schedule; their interiors contained clear references to contemporary Art Nouveau yet the exteriors were a clear homage to medieval Constantinople. Russian Neo-Byzantine tradition
676-482: Was terminated by the Russian Revolution of 1917 but was continued by emigrant architects in Yugoslavia and Harbin . The Bulgarian Neo-Byzantine style from the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century is often a combination of Byzantine, typical Bulgarian , Eastern Orthodox and Secession / Art Nouveau / Modernisme elements. Serbia's modern sacral architecture got its main impetus from
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