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57-572: What Happened may refer to: What Happened (Clinton book) , 2017 book by Hillary Clinton What Happened (McClellan book) , 2008 autobiography by Scott McClellan "What Happened", a song by Sublime from the album 40oz. to Freedom "What Happened", an episode of One Day at a Time (2017 TV series) See also [ edit ] What's Happening (disambiguation) All pages with titles beginning with What Happened All pages with titles containing What Happened Topics referred to by

114-492: A 2.48-billion dollars-a-year industry" in the United States alone. By 2006, research firm Marketdata estimated the "self-improvement" market in the U.S. as worth more than US$ 9 billion—including infomercials , mail-order catalogs , holistic institutes, books, audio cassettes , motivation-speaker seminars, the personal coaching market, and weight-loss and stress-management programs. Market data projected that

171-563: A Village (a new take on that 1996 volume). Clinton scheduled more than thirty appearances in cities across the United States and Canada as part of an official book tour which lasted through December 2017. Clinton also traveled to the United Kingdom to promote the book. In part, the events in the U.K. were considered a great success, with tickets being sold out in less than an hour in some places. In May 2018, she took her book tour to New Zealand and Australia. Clinton partook in

228-407: A factor of just 1.6, while social isolation does so by a factor of 2.0... suggest[ing] an added value to self-help groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous as surrogate communities." Some psychologists advocate for positive psychology , and explicitly embrace an empirical self-help philosophy. "[T]he role of positive psychology is to become a bridge between the ivory tower and the main street—between

285-841: A great brain?... The design industry is something done to us. I'm proposing we each become designers. But I suppose 'I love the way she thinks' could take on new meaning." Both self-talk—the propensity to engage in verbal or mental self-directed conversation and thought—and social support can be used as instruments of self-improvement, often via empowering action-promoting messages. Psychologists designed experiments to shed light on how self-talk can result in self-improvement. Research has shown that people prefer second-person pronouns over first-person pronouns when engaging in self-talk to achieve goals, regulate their behavior, thoughts, or emotions, and facilitate performance. Self-talk also plays an important role in regulating emotions under social stress . People who use non-first-person language tend to exhibit

342-531: A higher level of visual distance during the process of introspection, indicating that using non-first-person pronouns and one's own name may result in enhanced self-distancing. This form of self-help can enhance people's ability to regulate their thoughts, feelings, and behavior under social stress, which would lead them to appraise social-anxiety-provoking events in more challenging and less threatening terms. Scholars have targeted many self-help claims as misleading and incorrect. In 2005, Steve Salerno portrayed

399-474: A large number of books that helped her cope with the loss in one way or another. These included mysteries by Louise Penny , Jacqueline Winspear , Donna Leon , and Caroline and Charles Todd . They also included the Neapolitan Novels of Elena Ferrante , the spiritual works of Henri Nouwen , and the collected poems of Maya Angelou , Marge Piercy and T. S. Eliot . What Happened closes with

456-550: A major theme of the initial publicity surrounding the book. The work was also said to include some self-help ideas about how to get past highly unpleasant experiences. What Happened is a first-person account dedicated to "the team that stood with me in 2016," and one of its chapters is largely a list of everyone who worked on her campaign. It is organized into six main parts, titled: Perseverance, Competition, Sisterhood, Idealism and Realism, Frustration, and Resilience. Each part has from two to five chapters within it. After

513-610: A new afterword was released in September 2018, as was a Spanish translation titled Lo que pasó . Existence of a new Clinton work was first revealed in February 2017, but at the time it was billed as a volume of essays centered around the author's favorite sayings, with only some allusions to the campaign. Financial terms of that work, which had no announced title, were not publicly disclosed but industry observers expected her monetary compensation to be large. The new purposing of

570-582: A political style that has become unfashionable in both the Republican and Democratic parties." David L. Ulin of the Los Angeles Times wrote in his review for the newspaper that the book is a "necessary—if at times clunky and unconvincing—retrospective" and that "She should have been president, and she knows it; regret and loss is palpable throughout the book. And yet it's also the case that she remains unable to reckon with just what happened in

627-463: A profession and a science". Its practitioners thus function as "part of the personal service industry rather than as mental health professionals." While "there is no proof that twelve-step programs 'are superior to any other intervention in reducing alcohol dependence or alcohol-related problems'," at the same time it is clear that "there is something about 'groupishness' itself which is curative." Thus for example "smoking increases mortality risk by

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684-524: A scene from a speech she gave at her alma mater Wellesley College . Clinton concludes it with the advice to readers to "Keep going." The hardcover edition was published on September 12, 2017; it immediately went to the top of the Barnes & Noble , Amazon , and USA Today bestseller lists. The book debuted at number one on The New York Times Best Seller List for both hardcover nonfiction and combined print and e-book nonfiction sales, remaining atop

741-407: A secular cognate of Biblical wisdom literature. Proverbs from many periods, collected and uncollected, embody traditional moral and practical advice of diverse cultures. The hyphenated compound word "self-help" often appeared in the 1800s in a legal context, referring to the doctrine that a party in a dispute has the right to use lawful means on their initiative to remedy a wrong. Some consider

798-414: A self-esteem tape (even though half the labels were wrong), they felt that their self-esteem had gone up. No wonder people keep buying subliminal tapes: even though the tapes don't work, people think they do." Much of the self-help industry may be thought of as part of the "skin trades. People need haircuts, massage, dentistry, wigs and glasses, sociology and surgery, love and advice." —a skin trade, "not

855-556: A self-help book is to write one". Gerald Rosen raised concerns that psychologists were promoting untested self-help books with exaggerated claims rather than conducting studies that could advance the effectiveness of these programs to help the public. Rosen noted the potential benefits of self-help but cautioned that good intentions were not sufficient to assure the efficacy and safety of self-administered instructional programs. Rosen and colleagues observed that many psychologists promote untested self-help programs rather than contributing to

912-991: A sense of belonging. Many different self-help group programs exist, each with its own focus, techniques, associated beliefs, proponents, and in some cases leaders . Concepts and terms originating in self-help culture and Twelve-Step culture, such as recovery , dysfunctional families , and codependency have become integrated into mainstream language. Self-help groups associated with health conditions may consist of patients and caregivers . As well as featuring long-time members sharing experiences , these health groups can become support groups and clearinghouses for educational material. Those who help themselves by learning and identifying health problems can be said to exemplify self-help, while self-help groups can be seen more as peer-to-peer or mutual-support groups. In classical antiquity , Hesiod 's Works and Days "opens with moral remonstrances, hammered home in every way that Hesiod can think of." The Stoics offered ethical advice "on

969-671: A series of engagements titled Hillary Clinton: Live . At many of her appearances, Clinton was met with enthusiastic audiences filling multi-thousand-seat venues. Starting prices for general admission tickets ranged from $ 30 to $ 125. In addition to Hillary Clinton Live events, Clinton also held book signings at locations across the United States as part of her book tour. Tickets for particular signings sold out very soon after going on sale. For instance, tickets to Clinton's signing at Vroman's Bookstore in Pasadena sold out within ninety minutes. The president of Vroman's Bookstore reported that it

1026-557: Is a thumping of Trump. For Washington Post writer David Weigel noted that Clinton "apologizes to the reader, who has to relive all of this. 'It wasn't healthy or productive,' she writes, 'to dwell on the ways I felt I'd been shivved.' It's a perfect word, 'shivved.' The Hillary Clinton of this bitter memoir ... again and again ... blames herself for losing, apologizing for her 'dumb' email management, for giving paid speeches to banks, for saying she would put coal miners 'out of business.' She veers between regret and righteous, sometimes in

1083-548: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages What Happened (Clinton book) What Happened is a 2017 memoir by Hillary Clinton about her experiences as the Democratic Party 's nominee and general election candidate for president of the United States in the 2016 election . Published on September 12, 2017, it is her seventh book with her publisher, Simon & Schuster . A paperback edition featuring

1140-419: Is her third memoir, following Living History in 2003 and Hard Choices in 2014; advance publicity for the work said it would be her "most personal" yet and quoted from her words in the book's Introduction: "In the past, for reasons I try to explain, I've often felt I had to be careful in public, like I was up on a wire without a net. Now I'm letting my guard down." Clinton promised a new level of candor as

1197-422: Is literally what he thinks, his character being the complete sum of all his thoughts." Noble thoughts, the book maintains, make for a noble person, while lowly thoughts make for a miserable person. Napoleon Hill 's Think and Grow Rich (1937) described the use of repeated positive thoughts to attract happiness and wealth by tapping into an " Infinite Intelligence". In 1936, Dale Carnegie further developed

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1254-417: Is not one book, but many. It is a candid and blackly funny account of her mood in the direct aftermath of losing to President Donald J. Trump. It is a post-mortem, in which she is both coroner and corpse. It is a feminist manifesto. It is a score-settling jubilee. It is a rant against James B. Comey, Bernie Sanders, the media, James B. Comey, Vladimir Putin and James B. Comey. It is a primer on Russian spying. It

1311-471: The American media as a whole, sexism , white resentment , Bernie Sanders and his supporters, Green Party candidate Jill Stein , and herself, specifically her comments on putting "coal miners out of business" and labeling some of her opponent's supporters as a " basket of deplorables ". She noted that President Obama worried that extending the handover process after Trump's win would be bad for

1368-449: The 2016 election, looking for explanations, for reasons, while at the same time never quite uncovering her own complicity." Sarah Jones of The New Republic wrote: The real problem with What Happened is that it is not the book it needed to be. It spends more time on descriptions of Clinton's various post-election coping strategies, which include chardonnay and "alternative nostril breathing," than it does on her campaign decisions in

1425-527: The American self-help movement—he uses the acronym SHAM: the Self-Help and Actualization Movement —not only as ineffective in achieving its goals but also as socially harmful. "Salerno says that 80 percent of self-help and motivational customers are repeat customers and they keep coming back whether the program worked for them or not." Another critic pointed out that with self-help books "supply increases

1482-587: The Midwest. It is written for her fans, in other words, and not for those who want real answers about her campaign, and who worry that the Democratic Party is learning the wrong lessons from the 2016 debacle. Jeff Greenfield wrote in Politico Magazine that the book suggests "that the person we've seen over the past quarter-century, and the person we watched seek the presidency twice, is

1539-714: The United States. In the United Kingdom, What Happened debuted atop The Sunday Times bestseller list. In Ireland, the book was able to peak atop the Nielsen BookScan component chart for hardcover non-fiction. On the primary Irish Nielsen BookScan chart tracking sales of both hardcover and paperback books in all genres, What Happened debuted at number ten (selling 767 copies). It jumped to number seven in its second week (selling 800 copies). It jumped further to number four in its third week (selling 1,117 copies). In its fourth week it dropped to number six (however with consistent sales, selling 1,116 copies). It exited

1596-577: The authentic Hillary. In fact, to judge by her book, she may have been the most authentic person in the race." A 2019 study in the journal Perspectives on Politics tried to evaluate the veracity of reasons that Clinton presented for her loss in the 2016 election. The study found that "more often than not, HRC’s assumptions are supported" but that there was little evidence that the e-mail scandal , including FBI Director James Comey’s intervention shortly before Election Day, contributed to her loss. Time magazine listed What Happened as #1 on its list of

1653-481: The best non-fiction books of 2017. NPR 's Book Concierge included What Happened on its list of "2017's Great Reads." What Happened also won the Goodreads Choice Award for Best Memoir & Autobiography . It was announced on August 28, 2017, that Hillary Clinton would be starting a North American book tour in September 2017 to promote What Happened , as well as the picture book It Takes

1710-399: The book, she defends her campaign, saying they were economical with travel expenses, snacks, and office supplies. "Our national campaign staff [were] living and working on a tight budget..." She revealed that the average donation was $ 100 and that the majority were from women. She also describes campaigning in hostile areas of the country, like Mingo County, West Virginia , "Ground Zero for

1767-493: The chance to do the most good I would ever be able to do. In just one day at the White House, you can get more done for more people than in months anywhere else. We had to build an economy that worked for everyone. We had to take on serious national security threats. These issues were already on my mind all the time.... I knew I would make the most of every minute. Once I started thinking about it that way, I couldn't stop. In

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1824-401: The clouds of blame-evasion and positive thinking." An analysis by Ezra Klein , editor-in-chief of Vox , saw a different role for the book, making reference to Clinton's belief that progress is best made by working within the political system: " What Happened has been sold as Clinton's apologia for her 2016 campaign, and it is that. But it's more remarkable for Clinton's extended defense of

1881-400: The coal crisis." She describes being taken aback by the level of anger she was met there with. She wrote, "This wasn't just about my comments in one town hall. This was something deeper." In the book, also, Clinton tries to explain the combination of factors that led to her electoral loss, including James Comey , Vladimir Putin , Mitch McConnell , The New York Times , NBC , WikiLeaks ,

1938-512: The connotations of the word have spread and often apply particularly to education , business , exercise , psychology , and psychotherapy , as commonly distributed through the popular genre of self-help books . According to the APA Dictionary of Psychology , potential benefits of self-help groups that professionals may not be able to provide include friendship, emotional support, experiential knowledge , identity , meaningful roles, and

1995-514: The country. She wrote "After so much hand-wringing about Trump undermining our democracy by not pledging to accept the results, the pressure was on us to do it right. If I was going to lose, the President wanted me to concede quickly and gracefully. It was hard to think straight, but I agreed with him." The book contains a number of Clinton's policy proposals, featuring her analysis of a problem area and her ideas for how to solve it like resolving

2052-440: The demand… The more people read them, the more they think they need them… more like an addiction than an alliance." Self-help writers have been described as working "in the area of the ideological, the imagined, the narrativized… although a veneer of scientism permeates the[ir] work, there is also an underlying armature of moralizing." Christopher Buckley in his book God Is My Broker asserts: "The only way to get rich from

2109-491: The first explicitly "self-help" book, titled Self-Help , in 1859. Its opening sentence: "Heaven helps those who help themselves", provides a variation of "God helps them that help themselves", the oft-quoted maxim that had also appeared previously in Benjamin Franklin 's Poor Richard's Almanack (1733–1758). In 1902, James Allen published As a Man Thinketh , which proceeds from the conviction that "a man

2166-615: The genre with How to Win Friends and Influence People . Having failed in several careers, Carnegie became fascinated with success and its link to self-confidence , and his books have since sold over 50 million copies. Group and corporate attempts to help people help themselves have created a self-help marketplace, with Large Group Awareness Trainings (LGATs) and psychotherapy systems represented. These offer more-or-less prepackaged solutions to instruct people seeking their betterment, just as "the literature of self-improvement directs

2223-468: The introduction, the book opens with a scene from the United States presidential inauguration of 2017 , attended by Clinton and her husband, where she watched President Donald Trump take office. She begins: Deep breath. Feel the air fill my lungs. This is the right thing to do. The country needs to see that our democracy still works, no matter how painful this is. Breathe out. Scream later. In

2280-499: The issues of climate change and securing the vote. It also says though she was ecstatic about Barack Obama's win in 2008, "in some ways, the [moment with Trump as president] now feels even more hopeful, because it is a battle-hardened hope, tempered by loss and clear-eyed about the stakes.... We are doing the work." Another subject of the book is how to get through difficult experiences. Clinton discusses her practice of yoga and her liking of chardonnay , but in particular, she lists

2337-514: The lists for it stayed for two weeks. It dropped to number two on both lists in its third week. By the beginning of November it had spent six weeks in the top four positions of the list. By the beginning of January 2018 the book had spent sixteen weeks on the list. The following week it fell off. The book debuted at number one of the Publishers Weekly "Top 10 overall" and "hardcover nonfiction" bestseller lists. In its third week on

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2394-465: The lists, it dropped to number three of the "Top 10 overall" and to number two of the "hardcover nonfiction" lists with a total of 311,982 hardcover copies sold. What Happened sold 300,000 copies in its first week. The first-week sales were lower than her 2003 memoir, Living History , but triple the first-week sales of Clinton's previous memoir, 2014's Hard Choices . The first-week hardcover sales for What Happened were 167,000. This marked

2451-600: The meaningful advancement of self-help. Kathryn Schulz suggests that "the underlying theory of the self-help industry is contradicted by the self-help industry’s existence". The self-help world has become the target of parodies . Walker Percy 's odd genre-busting Lost in the Cosmos has been described as "a parody of self-help books, a philosophy textbook, and a collection of short stories, quizzes, diagrams, thought experiments, mathematical formulas, made-up dialogue". Al Franken 's self-help guru persona Stuart Smalley

2508-461: The next chapter, "Get Caught Trying," she starts with her reasoning for running: I ran for President because I thought I'd be good at the job. I thought that of all the people who might run, I had the most relevant experience, meaningful accomplishments, and ambitious but achievable proposals, as well as the temperament to get things done in Washington. Further in, she elaborates: It was

2565-527: The notion of eudaimonia —of well-being, welfare, flourishing." The Discourses of Epictetus can be read as a sort of early self-help advice column, and the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius as the journal of someone engaged on a deliberate self-help program. The genre of mirror-of-princes writing , which has a long history in Greco-Roman and Western Renaissance literature, represents

2622-537: The reader to familiar frameworks... what the French fin de siècle social theorist Gabriel Tarde called 'the grooves of borrowed thought'." A subgenre of self-help book series exists, such as the for Dummies guides and The Complete Idiot's Guide to... , that are varieties of how-to books . At the start of the 21st century, "the self-improvement industry, inclusive of books, seminars, audio and video products, and personal coaching, [was] said to constitute

2679-689: The rigor of academe and the fun of the self-help movement." They aim to refine the self-improvement field by intentionally increasing scientifically sound research and well-engineered models. The division of focus and methodologies has produced several sub-fields, in particular: general positive psychology, focusing primarily on studying psychological phenomenon and effects; and personal effectiveness , focusing primarily on analysis, design, and implementation of qualitative personal growth. The latter of these includes intentionally training new patterns of thought and feeling. As business strategy communicator Don Tapscott puts it, "Why not courses that emphasize designing

2736-604: The same paragraph." A review in the Chicago Tribune by Heidi Stevens stated that the passages in the book about Russia's involvement in the US election "read like a spy novel". Thomas Frank in The Guardian contends that "Unfortunately, her new book is less an effort to explain than it is to explain away. ... Still, by exercising a little discernment, readers can find clues to the mystery of 2016 here and there among

2793-423: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title What Happened . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=What_Happened&oldid=1211589818 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

2850-520: The self-help movement to have been inaugurated by George Combe 's Constitution (1828), from the way that it advocated personal responsibility and the possibility of naturally sanctioned self-improvement through education or proper self-control. In 1841, an essay by Ralph Waldo Emerson , entitled Compensation , was published suggesting "every man in his lifetime needs to thank his faults" and "acquire habits of self-help " as "our strength grows out of our weakness." Samuel Smiles (1812–1904) published

2907-463: The self-help role of her books" to maintain her academic credibility, aware of the danger that "writing a book that becomes a popular success...all but ensures that one's work will lose its long-term legitimacy." Placebo effects can never be wholly discounted. Careful studies of "the power of subliminal self-help tapes... showed that their content had no real effect... But that's not what the participants thought." "If they thought they'd listened to

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2964-481: The strongest hardcover debut for a nonfiction book since 2012's No Easy Day . Simon & Schuster also announced that What Happened sold more e-books in its first-week than any nonfiction book had since 2010. As of December 10, 2017, the book had sold 448,947 hardcover copies. After its paperback, rerelease, the book debuted at #9 on The New York Times Best Sellers' "Paperback Nonfiction" list. What Happened also performed strongly in its release outside of

3021-518: The top-ten in its seventh week. In Canada, What Happened debuted atop The Globe and Mail ' s hardcover non-fiction best sellers list. It remained on the chart for six consecutive weeks. In New Zealand, What Happened debuted number 8 on Nielsen BookScan's "International Non-fiction - Adults" chart. In Australia, the book charted on Books+Publishing ' s bestsellers chart. What Happened polarized book critics. Jennifer Senior of The New York Times said: What Happened

3078-762: The total market size would grow to over US$ 11 billion by 2008. In 2013 Kathryn Schulz examined "an $ 11 billion industry". Self-help and mutual-help are very different from—though they may complement—aid by professionals. Conflicts can and do arise on that interface, however, with some professionals considering that, for example, "the twelve-step approach encourages a kind of contemporary version of 19th-century amateurism or enthusiasm in which self-examination and very general social observations are enough to draw rather large conclusions." The rise of self-help culture led to boundary disputes with other approaches and disciplines. Some would object to their classification as "self-help" literature, as with " Deborah Tannen 's denial of

3135-459: The work and its thematic substance were revealed in July 2017. After the title was announced, it was parodied with memes on Twitter. The New York Times wrote that the stated aim of the book was to offer an intimate view of what it was like for Clinton to run as the first female presidential candidate from a major party in United States history, in an often vicious and turbulent campaign. This

3192-685: Was a ridiculous recurring feature on Saturday Night Live in the early 1990s. In their 2006 book Secrets of The SuperOptimist , authors W.R. Morton and Nathaniel Whitten revealed the concept of "super optimism" as a humorous antidote to the overblown self-help book category. In his comedy special Complaints and Grievances (2001), George Carlin observes that there is "no such thing" as self-help: anyone looking for help from someone else does not technically get "self" help; and one who accomplishes something without help did not need help to begin with. In Margaret Atwood 's semi-satiric dystopia Oryx and Crake , university literary studies have declined to

3249-666: Was the fastest that the store had ever sold out for an event. In the United States, some of the book tour's stops were located relatively near Chappaqua, New York, where Clinton maintains her personal residence. She also held book signings in California and Colorado. Self-help When engaged in self-help, people often use publicly available information, or support groups —on the Internet as well as in person—in which people in similar situations work together. From early examples in pro se legal practice and home-spun advice,

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